CN103980052B - One special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103980052B CN103980052B CN201410235005.2A CN201410235005A CN103980052B CN 103980052 B CN103980052 B CN 103980052B CN 201410235005 A CN201410235005 A CN 201410235005A CN 103980052 B CN103980052 B CN 103980052B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N chitotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N)[C@@H](CO)O1 RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960003511 macrogol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000589152 Azotobacter chroococcum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CGIDKJRJBMFXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-n'-benzylpurine-6,6-diamine Chemical compound N1=CN=C2N=CN=C2C1(N)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 CGIDKJRJBMFXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006063 Averrhoa carambola Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000028245 fruit abscission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005089 fruit drop Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical class C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008117 seed development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof.It comprises base manure and foliage fertilizer, and described base manure is made up of following raw material: fertilizer, urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K; Described fertilizer is for raw material forms through composite bacteria fermentation with dried poultrymanure, cornstalk, rice husk, fruit tree leaves, soya-bean cake and needle mushroom dreg.The component of described foliage fertilizer is: urea, potassium primary phosphate, agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide, 6-BA, paclobutrazol, triazolone, Macrogol 200, sodium tetraborate and trace element.Not only containing a large amount of probiotics, organic matter and various trace elements in the fertilizer of the present invention's fermentation, use rear increase soil probiotics, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, activating soil, improve the water-retentivity of soil, utilization rate of fertilizer and fertilizer long-lasting, the effect of Controlled Release Fertilizer can be reached.Use foliage fertilizer at the different times of fruit tree growth, supplementary nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, promotion is beared fruit, swollen fruit, improves fruit tree resistance simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.
Background technology
Fruit tree is important cash crop, and fertilizer plays an important role in the Yield and qualities improving fruit tree, directly affects the income of orchard worker.At present, the fertilizer that fruit tree is used has fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and foliage fertilizer.Fruit tree fertilizer proper use of is one of key link of producing safety tea garden.The National agricultural industry standard of Ministry of Agriculture's issuing and implementation, clear and definite regulation be have also been made to the Fertilizer application criterion of producing green food (fruit), require that fertilization principle will based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary, keeps or increases soil fertility and soil microbial activities.Therefore, using of fertilizer and foliage fertilizer is very crucial, larger on the Yield and qualities impact of fruit tree.
At present, the applying fruit trees with fertilizer time is generally divided into base manure and two large classes of topdressing.One, base manure: based on fertilizer, it can supply the basic fertilizer of the multiple required nutrient of fruit tree in a long time, and must use sufficient, its amount of application is equivalent to 2/3 of annual applying fruit trees with fertilizer amount.The Dressing date of base manure, all can use usually after fruit picking to next year rudiment, but early executes based on autumn.Two, topdress: after the beginning of spring, top dressing fruit tree should based on quick-acting fertilizer.Usual top dressing fruit tree has four periods: (1) topdresses before spending.Topdress to carrying out first time before blooming before and after fruit tree bud, this phase based on nitrogenous fertilizer, compounding application boron fertilizer.Topdress specifically and can ensure that fruit tree bud is consistent with the florescence, promote the growth of fruit tree branches and leaves; (2) topdress after spending.Carry out second time after fruit tree fallen flowers to topdress, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, appropriate phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer must be coordinated, as also can compounding application iron, calcium, zinc or RE microbial fertilizer during needs.Topdress specifically and can reduce the physiological fruit drop of fruit tree, promote bud differentiation; (3) Fruit and flower bud differentiation period topdress.Second time is topdressed and within latter 1 month, is carried out third time and topdress, and answers nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer compounding application.When treelet does not stop growing, the consumption of nitrogenous fertilizer should be controlled, topdress specifically and can accelerate Fruit, promote seed development, increase yield; The photosynthesis of fruit tree can be promoted simultaneously, improve fruit quality.(4) the fruit color phase topdresses (third time topdresses and within latter 1 month, carries out topdressing for the 4th time).Still with nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer compounding application.Topdress specifically and can accelerate Fruit, increase the sugar degree in fruit, improve fruit output and quality.Promote bud differentiation, recover tree vigo(u)r, ensure that fruit tree is ripe., there is application times more in above-mentioned fertilization mode, the problem that utilization rate of fertilizer is low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof.This fertilizer does not need to topdress, and in conjunction with leaf dressing after single-dose application, can reach the object of high yield.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a special fertilizer for fruit trees, is characterized in that, comprises base manure and foliage fertilizer,
Described base manure is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: fertilizer 2800-3200, urea 250-300, monoammonium phosphate 150-200, Repone K 150-200;
Described fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: dried poultrymanure 20-30, cornstalk 20-30, rice husk 5-10, fruit tree leaves 5-10, soya-bean cake 20-30, needle mushroom dreg 10-15, composite fungus agent 1; Water content≤20% of each raw material;
The component of described composite fungus agent is: subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, azotobacter chroococcum, black-koji mould and Candida utilis; By viable count, subtilis: bacillus amyloliquefaciens: azotobacter chroococcum: black-koji mould: Candida utilis=5-10:2-5:2-5:2-5:1-3; Total viable count >=100,000,000 of above-mentioned composite fungus agent/gram.
The component of described foliage fertilizer and weight ratio are: urea 10-15%, potassium primary phosphate 3-5%, agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide 0.3-0.5%, 6-BA0.1-0.2%, paclobutrazol 0.1-0.2%, triazolone 1-2%, Macrogol 200 3-5%, sodium tetraborate 0.1-0.2%, copper sulfate 0.01%, ferrous sulfate 0.03%, zinc sulfate 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, magnesium chloride 0.02%, and all the other are water.
Preparation method:
(1) base manure: dried poultrymanure, cornstalk (using after pulverizing), rice husk, fruit tree leaves, soya-bean cake and needle mushroom dreg are uniformly mixed, water spray, its water content is made to be 50-60%, then composite fungus agent is added, aerobic fermentation 7-10 days at temperature 28-36 DEG C, then being dried to water content is less than 5%, and granulates, and obtains fertilizer; Fertilizer and urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K are mixed, make base manure.
(2) foliage fertilizer: obtain foliage fertilizer by after each raw material mixing.
Application process:
(1) base manure: thing or north-south trench digging give or ring-type trench digging under tree crown, keep a safe distance with root and use, fruit tree amount of application is by per mu yield 500 kilograms of fruits, use 180-250 kilogram of fertilizer to calculate, consequences for use product are painted good, size is even, and one-level fruit rate more than 85%, price advantage is high.
(2) foliage fertilizer: foliage fertilizer 500-1000 is doubly watered and uses.Before wherein spending, Hua Hou, Fruit and flower bud differentiation period and fruit color phase respectively spray once, and every mu of amount of application is 100-200L.
Each raw material and effect thereof:
Needle mushroom dreg: containing nutrients such as abundant organic matter and N P and K.
Fruit tree leaves: the fruit tree leaves calcium content such as apple, pears, peach all >=1.5%, can directly utilize by refuse simultaneously.
Soya-bean cake: be rich in N P and K and other trace elements, little on the potential of hydrogen impact of soil after fertilising, soil property can be improved, be beneficial to plant-growth.
Rice husk: the SiO about containing 10 ~ 21% in rice husk
2, and be undefined structure, and the most SiO of occurring in nature
2be all that crystal form exists, paddy rice is by unformed SiO rare in soil
2be enriched in rice husk, it is a kind of of great value resource.Be used as fertilizer simultaneously, there is good water conservation, nutrient preserving capability and porosity.
Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins: it can promote that axis, leaf grow significantly; as vegetative period sprays; also can make balanced in nutrition; contribute to crop growing state; Spraying in the flowering stage, can flower and fruit protecting, also can make Fruit, more have U.S. fruit effect, cotton full-bloom stage sprays effectively can reduce fruit abscission rate; improve bolling rate, and efficient solution can remove crop pest.
Paclobutrazol: be a plant growth regulators.Have and delay plant-growth, suppress cane to extend, shorten internode, promote plant tillering, increase plant stress-resistance performance, improve the effects such as output.
6-BA:6-benzyl aminoadenine, strengthen the photosynthetic of plant, effective quickening vegetable cell extends, growing of plant, and plant fallen flowers, shedding, raising plant fruiting rate can be reduced, also can form stenospermocarpy, also can break the dormancy of the plant organ such as seed, stem tuber, stratification is that in plant modifying agent, product the most effectively urgees long, disease-resistant, to improve crop yield especially a kind of novel product.
Agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide: can grow by stimulating plant, makes farm crop and fruit and vegetable volume increase good harvest.Can the disease resistance of inducing plant, immunity and killing action are produced to multiple fungi, bacterium and virus.
Triazolone: improve stress resistance of plant, simultaneously it is systemic fungicide, has special prevention effect to the rust of the crops such as wheat class, vegetables, fruit tree, Powdery Mildew.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: fertilizer of the present invention is formed through composite bacteria fermentation by chicken manure, cornstalk, rice husk, fruit tree leaves, soya-bean cake and needle mushroom dreg, not only containing a large amount of probiotics, organic matter and various trace elements (as calcium, silicon etc.) in the fertilizer of fermentation, use rear increase soil probiotics, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, activating soil, improve the water-retentivity of soil, utilization rate of fertilizer and fertilizer long-lasting, the effect of Controlled Release Fertilizer can be reached; Can also suppress growing and spreading of soil-borne disease, promote well developed root system, plant strain growth is vigorous, improves disease resistance and the resistance of fruit tree simultaneously.Simultaneously use foliage fertilizer at the different times of fruit tree growth, supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, can also promote to bear fruit simultaneously, swollen fruit, improve the effect of fruit tree resistance and sterilization.
Embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1 fertilizer
Combination of organic manure (weight part): dried poultrymanure 25, cornstalk 25, rice husk 8, fruit tree leaves 8, soya-bean cake 25, needle mushroom dreg 12, composite fungus agent 1.
Composite fungus agent: by viable count, subtilis: bacillus amyloliquefaciens: azotobacter chroococcum: black-koji mould: Candida utilis=7-8:3-4:3-4:3-4:1-2.The total viable count of above-mentioned composite fungus agent is 2.5 hundred million/gram.
Preparation method: chicken manure, cornstalk (using after pulverizing), rice husk, fruit tree leaves, soya-bean cake and needle mushroom dreg are uniformly mixed, water spray, its water content is made to be 50-60%, then composite fungus agent is added, temperature 28-36 DEG C of aerobic fermentation 8 days, then being dried to water content is less than 5%, and granulates, and obtains fertilizer.
Embodiment 2 base manure
Proportioning (weight part): fertilizer 3000, urea 280, monoammonium phosphate 200, Repone K 180.Wherein, the content of main raw material: monoammonium phosphate (N11%, P
2o
544%), Repone K (K
2o>=60%), urea (N>=46%).Fertilizer and urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K are mixed, make base manure.
Embodiment 3 foliage fertilizer
Formula (weight ratio): urea 12%, potassium primary phosphate 4%, agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide 0.4%, 6-BA0.15%, paclobutrazol 0.15%, triazolone 1.5%, Macrogol 200 4%, sodium tetraborate 0.15%, copper sulfate 0.01%, ferrous sulfate 0.03%, zinc sulfate 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, magnesium chloride 0.02%, all the other are water.
Preparation method: make foliage fertilizer by after above-mentioned each raw material blending
Embodiment 4 simultaneous test
Test period: 2011.10-2012.9.
Trial crops: pear tree (kind: abundance of water, 4 years raw pear trees), growing area: Guan County, Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province city.
Test method: treatment group and control group are established in test, and the plot area of each treatment group or control group is 1 mu; Planting density is: 80 every mu trees.
Test group: the base manure of embodiment 2 and the foliage fertilizer of embodiment 3; Application process: (1) base manure: ring-type trench digging under tree crown, keeps a safe distance with root and use, fruit tree amount of application every mu of 1000kg; (2) foliage fertilizer: foliage fertilizer 800 is doubly watered and uses.Before wherein spending, Hua Hou, Fruit and flower bud differentiation period and fruit color phase respectively spray once.
Control group: be traditional conventional fertilizer application method of this county.
Test-results:
Control group: per mu yield 2170 kilograms, single fruit weight 238g, one-level fruit rate is 65%, average sales price: 2.3 yuan.
Test group: per mu yield 2550 kilograms, single fruit weight 245g, fruit coloring is good, and size is even, and one-level fruit rate is 87%, average sales price: 2.7 yuan.
Compared with control group, invention significantly improves output, add one-level fruit rate, add the income of peasant.
Claims (3)
1. a special fertilizer for fruit trees, is characterized in that, comprises base manure and foliage fertilizer,
Described base manure is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: fertilizer 2800-3200, urea 250-300, monoammonium phosphate 150-200, Repone K 150-200;
The component of described foliage fertilizer and weight ratio are: urea 10-15%, potassium primary phosphate 3-5%, agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide 0.3-0.5%, 6-BA0.1-0.2%, paclobutrazol 0.1-0.2%, triazolone 1-2%, Macrogol 200 3-5%, sodium tetraborate 0.1-0.2%, copper sulfate 0.01%, ferrous sulfate 0.03%, zinc sulfate 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, magnesium chloride 0.02%, and all the other are water;
Wherein, fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: dried poultrymanure 20-30, cornstalk 20-30, rice husk 5-10, fruit tree leaves 5-10, soya-bean cake 20-30, needle mushroom dreg 10-15, composite fungus agent 1;
The component of described composite fungus agent is: subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, azotobacter chroococcum, black-koji mould and Candida utilis; By viable count, subtilis: bacillus amyloliquefaciens: azotobacter chroococcum: black-koji mould: Candida utilis=5-10:2-5:2-5:2-5:1-3;
It is prepared from by following method:
(1) base manure: cornstalk, rice husk, fruit tree leaves, soya-bean cake and needle mushroom dreg after dried poultrymanure, pulverizing are uniformly mixed, water spray, its water content is made to be 50-60%, then composite fungus agent is added, aerobic fermentation 7-10 days at temperature 28-36 DEG C, then being dried to water content is less than 5%, and granulates, and obtains fertilizer; Fertilizer and urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K are mixed, make base manure;
(2) foliage fertilizer: obtain foliage fertilizer by after each raw material mixing of foliage fertilizer.
2. a special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, total viable count >=100,000,000 of described composite fungus agent/gram.
3. a special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, water content≤20% of each raw material of described fertilizer.
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Address after: 251400 Shandong City, Ji'nan province Jiyang County town of the Yellow River Road West, Sun Lunan Patentee after: Shandong Barton chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd. Address before: 251400 Shandong City, Ji'nan province Jiyang County town of the Yellow River Road West, Sun Lunan Patentee before: Jinan Badun Fertilizer Co., Ltd. |