CN103749069A - Combined water chestnut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an associative type water chestnut harvesting machine which comprises a hydraulic type caterpillar band chassis. A cab, a compartment, a diesel engine power mechanism, an excavation conveying device, a vibrating screen, a slush pump washing device, a rotary cage high-pressure air pump air drying device and a field leveling harrow are installed on the caterpillar band chassis through a rack. According to the associative type water chestnut harvesting machine, residual water chestnut straws and weeds in the field can be eliminated, water chestnuts can be excavated out from soil, meanwhile, the soil and water on the water chestnuts are completely removed, and the bumpy field after excavation is recovered to be in an original level state. According to the associative type water chestnut harvesting machine, the water chestnut harvesting mechanization is achieved, and the water chestnut harvesting quality and the water chestnut harvesting working efficiency can be greatly improved.

Description

Combined water chestnut harvester

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural digging and harvesting machine, in particular to a combined water chestnut harvesting machine.

Background technique

As a fruit, water chestnut (also known as water chestnut) has high edible value and rich nutrition; it also has high medicinal value. It is mainly planted in the south and is very popular. It is called Jiangnan ginseng by the northerners. Since the skin of water chestnuts is soft and brittle, they should be dug carefully to reduce damage and facilitate storage. At present, water chestnuts can only be harvested manually. The traditional method of manual harvesting of water chestnuts is: generally let off the field water one day before harvesting, because the bulbs are mainly concentrated in the soil layer of 9 cm to 15 cm, first remove the upper layer of 8 cm to 9 cm soil, and then remove the lower layer of soil Pull out and carefully squeeze out the bulbs with your hands. The harvesting operation is labor-intensive, the working environment is bad, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the harvesting efficiency is low. And the water chestnut is easily missed by manual harvesting, causing economic losses.

The prior art discloses a water chestnut harvesting ship. The water chestnut harvesting ship drives the hull forward through two driving wheels installed at the stern of the hull, and uses the vibrating and rotating harvesting drum installed in the middle of the hull to remove the soil buried in the water chestnuts together with the water chestnuts. They are excavated together on the harvesting teeth of the harvesting drum, and the soil excavated on the harvesting teeth is liquefied by vibration to realize the harvesting of water chestnuts. The water chestnut harvesting ship did not consider the impact of residual water chestnut stalks and weeds in the harvesting process of water chestnuts, and the removal of residual water chestnut stalks and weeds should be carried out in advance; The surface of the water chestnut should be kept dry during storage. After harvesting, the water on the surface of the water chestnut must be cleaned to prevent the water chestnut from heating up and rotting during storage. After the water chestnuts are harvested, the pitted fields dug need to be leveled, and the water chestnut harvesting ship cannot complete the leveling of the fields. At the same time, due to the influence of the muddy environment in the water chestnut harvesting field and the huge resistance generated by the excavation of the soil by the harvesting drum, it is difficult for the water chestnut harvesting ship driven by two wheels to harvest.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems, to provide a combined water chestnut harvester, the combined water chestnut harvester can remove the residual water chestnut stalks and weeds on the field, dig out the water chestnuts from the soil, and at the same time remove the water chestnuts The soil and water on the ground are cleaned up, and the excavated field is restored to the original flat state, so as to realize the mechanization of water chestnut harvesting and improve the efficiency of water chestnut harvesting.

The technical solution for realizing the object of the present invention is: a combined type water chestnut harvester, comprising a hydraulic crawler chassis, a frame is set on the crawler chassis, a diesel engine and a cab at the front and a rear cab at the rear are arranged on the frame. The compartment at the bottom; a conveyor device consisting of a bracket, an upper roller mounted on the bracket, a lower roller, and a conveyor belt matched with the upper roller and the lower roller is hinged in front of the frame, and a row of excavating shovel teeth It is arranged at the lower end of the conveying device; a pair of conveying device adjustment cylinders are arranged on both sides of the crawler chassis, the rear end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder is hinged to the crawler chassis, and the front end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder is hinged on the track chassis. The middle part of the conveying device; the front of the conveying device is provided with a weeding feeding trough, and a reciprocating lawn mower driven by a hydraulic motor is arranged at the lower end of the weeding feeding trough; a vibrating sieve plate is arranged at the back of the described conveying device The front end of the vibrating sieve plate is equipped with a crank linkage mechanism; a mud pump is arranged on the frame, the inlet pipe of the mud pump is equipped with a filter, and the outlet pipe of the mud pump is arranged above the vibrating sieve plate The vibration cleaning nozzle is connected with the conveying cleaning nozzle arranged above the conveying device; a rotating cage is arranged behind the vibrating sieve plate, and a scraper conveyor driven by a hydraulic motor is arranged behind the rotating cage. The discharge port at the upper end of the scraper conveyor is placed above the feed port of the storage bin in the carriage; a high-pressure air pump is arranged in front of the tumbler, and the air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air pump is connected to the tumbler; The output shaft of the diesel engine is respectively connected with the input shaft of the mud pump and the upper roller shaft of the conveying device through a belt transmission mechanism; The crank shaft is connected; the input shaft of the mud pump is connected with the gear box input shaft of the rotating cage through a belt transmission mechanism; the high-pressure air pump and the hydraulic drive motor of the hydraulic crawler chassis are connected by the A generator configured with a diesel engine supplies power; a leveling rake is hinged behind the frame, the leveling rake is composed of an upper frame and vertical rake teeth distributed under the upper frame, and a pair of rakes are arranged above the leveling rake The leveling rake adjustment cylinder, the upper end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder is hinged to the frame, and the lower end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder is hinged to the rear end of the upper frame of the leveling rake.

Further, a pair of support rods are hinged on both sides of the crawler chassis, and the front end of each support rod is connected to the lower roller shaft of the conveying device through a notch.

Further, the rotating cage is composed of a circular rotating chassis, a fence-shaped cylinder matched with the circular rotating chassis, and a circular upper cover fixed on the upper end of the fence-shaped cylinder. Long holes are radially arranged, a central cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the rotating chassis, grid-shaped dialing plates are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer surface of the central cylinder, and connecting plates are arranged on the circular upper cover. The air pipe connection port and the feed port of the air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air pump, the discharge port is arranged on the fence-shaped cylinder and the discharge chute is assembled.

The combined water chestnut harvesting machine is used for water chestnut harvesting, which realizes the mechanization of water chestnut harvesting and greatly improves the efficiency of water chestnut harvesting; and removes the soil and water on the surface of water chestnuts by washing with water and blowing dry to obtain clean water chestnuts. Water chestnuts are convenient for the storage of water chestnuts; at the same time, the leveling of the field is completed during the harvesting of water chestnuts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view schematic diagram of this joint type water chestnut harvester;

Fig. 2 is the top view schematic diagram of this joint type water chestnut harvester;

Fig. 3 is the rear view schematic diagram of this joint type water chestnut harvester;

Fig. 4 is the rotating cage schematic diagram of this combined type water chestnut harvester.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

As accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, this combined type water chestnut harvester comprises hydraulic crawler chassis 8, and this crawler chassis 8 can be steel crawler chassis, also can be rubber crawler chassis. The crawler chassis 8 of the present embodiment adopts a rubber crawler chassis, which is light in weight and more suitable for traveling in muddy water chestnut fields. Moreover, the rubber crawler chassis can reduce damage to the road surface when walking on the road. The power unit of the crawler chassis 8 is a hydraulic motor, which is connected to the configured hydraulic station through hydraulic pipes, drives the hydraulic motor through the hydraulic station, and realizes the forward, backward, turning and other driving actions of the crawler chassis 8 through the control system. The hydraulic crawler chassis 8 can directly adopt the rubber crawler chassis of the existing Sany SR220 rotary drilling rig. A frame-type frame 6 is provided on the crawler chassis 8 , and a diesel engine 7 , a driver's cab 20 and a carriage 14 are provided on the frame 6 . As in the embodiment of the accompanying drawings, the diesel engine 7 is arranged on the front portion of the frame 6 , the driver's cab 20 is positioned above the front portion of the frame 6 , and the compartment 14 is positioned above the rear portion of the frame 6 . The conveying device 4 is composed of a support, an upper roller and a lower roller installed on the support, and a conveyor belt matched with the upper roller and the lower roller. The roller with long plate-shaped convex teeth is distributed. The conveyor belt adopts a plate-chain conveyor belt, which is formed by connecting many base chain plates through pins. The gap between the long plate-shaped convex teeth on the lower roller. The cooperation between the long plate-shaped convex teeth and the gap realizes the rotation of the plate chain on the one hand, and periodically clears the plate chain through the insertion of the long plate-shaped convex teeth. The soil blocked in the gap ensures the normal operation of the conveyor belt. The upper surface of each base chain plate of the conveyor belt is an upwardly convex curved surface composed of two concave arc surfaces, which can ensure that the water chestnuts are transported upward along the inclined surface. The conveying device 4 is provided with a symmetrical inclined plate on its support, and the symmetrical inclined plate is located between the upper chain plate and the lower chain plate, and is used to flow the soil and mud on the conveyor belt back to the field along the inclined plate to ensure The normal operation of the conveyor belt. The conveying device 4 is arranged obliquely, and is hinged in front of the frame 6 by an upper roller shaft. A row of excavating shovel teeth 3 is arranged on the lower end of the conveying device 4 by being connected with the support, and the excavating shovel teeth 3 adopt shovel teeth similar to existing excavators. A pair of conveying device adjustment cylinders 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the crawler chassis 8, the rear end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder 5 is hinged on both sides of the crawler chassis 8, and the front end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder 5 is hinged on the conveying device 4 In the middle position on both sides of the bracket, the inclination angle of the conveying device 4 is adjusted by controlling the telescoping of the conveying device to adjust the oil cylinder 5, and at the same time, adjust the digging shovel teeth 3 to a suitable digging depth position. A weeding feeding chute 1 is arranged in front of the conveying device 4, and the weeding feeding chute 1 is inclined to form a water chestnut stalk and a weed conveying slope. A reciprocating lawn mower 2 is arranged at the lower end of the weeding feeding chute 1, and the reciprocating lawn mower 2 is a reciprocating lawn mower driven by a hydraulic motor. A vibrating sieve plate 17 is positioned at the back of the conveying device 4 , and the vibrating sieve plate 17 is installed on the frame 6 by roller groups arranged on both sides thereof, and a crank linkage mechanism 19 is assembled at the front end of the vibrating sieve plate 17 . A mud pump 10 is arranged on the frame 6, and the water inlet pipe of the mud pump 10 is equipped with a filter 9. The conveying and cleaning nozzle 21 on the device 4 top is connected. Slurry pump 10 pumps the water in the field up and is delivered to transport cleaning nozzle 21 and vibration cleaning nozzle 18 after being filtered by filter 9, and the water chestnuts through conveying device 4 and through vibrating sieve plate 17 are carried out water spray cleaning. The back of vibrating sieve plate 17 is provided with rotating cage 15, and rotating cage 15 receives the water chestnut that is conveyed by vibrating sieve plate 17, and the water chestnut in rotating cage rotates with rotating cage 15. A scraper conveyor 13 driven by a hydraulic motor is installed obliquely behind the rotating cage 15 , and the discharge opening at the upper end of the scraper conveyor 13 is placed above the feed inlet of the storage bin in the compartment 14 . In front of the tumbler 15, a high-pressure air pump 16 is arranged, and the air outlet pipe of the high-pressure air pump 16 is connected to the tumbler 15, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed into the tumbler 15 by the gas nozzle, and the water chestnuts in the tumbler rotate with the tumbler 15 The high-pressure air provided by the high-pressure air pump 16 removes moisture and earth carried on the surface, and the blown earth and moisture are returned to the field through the gap at the bottom of the rotating cage 15 . The output shaft of the diesel engine 7 is respectively connected to the input shaft of the mud pump 10 and the upper roller shaft of the conveying device 4 through a belt transmission mechanism, and the upper roller shaft of the conveying device 4 is connected to the crank shaft of the crank connecting rod mechanism 19 through a belt transmission mechanism. The input shaft of the mud pump 10 is connected with the gear box input shaft of the tumbler 15 through a belt transmission mechanism to realize the working operation of the mud pump 10 , the conveying device 4 , the vibrating sieve plate 17 and the tumbler 15 . The hydraulic drive motor of the high-pressure air pump 16 and the hydraulic crawler chassis 8 is powered by a generator configured with the diesel engine 7 . A leveling rake 11 is hinged at the back of the frame 6, and the leveling rake 11 is composed of an upper frame and vertical rake teeth distributed below the upper frame, and the left end of the leveling rake 11 has an excess of the width of a combined water chestnut harvester body , because the width of leveling rake 11 is twice of vehicle body width, when the water chestnut in the ground is collected once, equal to ground leveling twice, reach the purpose that the field leveling is intact. A pair of leveling rake adjustment cylinders 12 are arranged above the leveling rake 11, the upper end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder 12 is hinged to the rear end of the frame 6, and the lower end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder 12 is hinged to the upper frame of the leveling rake 11 rear end. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the leveling rake adjustment oil cylinder 12, the leveling rake 11 can be retracted and put down, and at the same time, the leveling rake 11 can be adjusted to a suitable working position.

The power of the conveying device adjustment oil cylinder 5, leveling rake adjustment oil cylinder 12, reciprocating lawn mower 2, and scraper conveyor 13 of the present invention is provided by the hydraulic power system carried by the crawler chassis 8, and the control of each hydraulic work system is provided by the driver. The hydraulic control system in the chamber 20 is realized.

In the present invention, a pair of support rods 22 can be arranged on both sides of the crawler chassis 8, and the rear ends of each support rod 22 are hinged on both sides of the crawler chassis 8, and the front ends of each support rod 22 are connected to the lower roller of the conveying device 4 through the notch. shaft connected. During the water chestnut excavation operation, the support rod 22 plays a role of strengthening support for the excavation shovel teeth 3 and enhances the stability of the conveying device 4 at the same time.

Accompanying drawing 4 has provided the concrete structure of the rotating cage 15 of this joint type water chestnut harvester. This tumbler 15 is made of circular rotating chassis 28, the fence-shaped cylinder 25 that cooperates with this circular rotating chassis 28 and the circular loam cake 27 that is fixed on this fence-shaped cylinder 25 upper ends and is formed on the rotating chassis 28 radially. Cloth long holes, a central cylinder 24 is arranged on the top of the rotating chassis 28, grid-shaped dials 23 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer surface of the central cylinder 24, and a circular upper cover 27 is provided with a connecting high-voltage The gas pipe connection port 26 of the air pump 16 air outlet pipe and the feed port 31 opposite to the vibrating sieve plate 17 . The tumbler 15 is arranged obliquely as a whole, the feed inlet 31 is arranged at the bottom of the circular loam cake 27, the air pipe connecting port 26 is distributed in multiple positions on the circular loam cake 27 relative to the movement of water chestnuts, and the fence-shaped cylinder 25 is provided with a The discharge port 29 is also equipped with a discharge chute 30, the discharge port 29 is placed on the left lower part of the fence-shaped cylinder 25, and the discharge chute 30 is located above the feed port of the scraper conveyor 13.

When the combined water chestnut harvester is used for harvesting water chestnuts, the reciprocating lawn mower 2 cuts off the remaining water chestnut stalks and weeds in advance, and transports them to the left side of the combined water chestnut harvester through the weeding feeding chute 1, and then The digging shovel teeth 3 excavate the water chestnuts together with the soil onto the conveyor belt of the conveying device 4, and the soil is washed down by the water sprayed by the conveying cleaning nozzle 21, leaving only the water chestnuts sent to the vibrating sieve plate 17 by the conveyor belt of the conveying device 4 The soil carried on the water chestnuts is further cleaned by the vibration of the vibrating sieve plate 17 and the water spraying of the vibration cleaning nozzle 18 and then sent to the tumbler 15, and the water chestnuts entering the tumbler 15 are blown by the high-pressure gas provided by the high-pressure air pump 16. The moisture content on the surface of the dried water chestnut simultaneously removes the soil that the water chestnut surface may adhere to, and the clean water chestnuts exported by the tumbler 15 are transported to the storage bin in the compartment 14 by the scraper conveyor 13 to complete the harvesting of the water chestnuts. In the process of harvesting water chestnuts, the leveling of the field is completed by the leveling rake 11.

Claims (3)

1. A combined water chestnut harvester is characterized in that it comprises a hydraulic crawler chassis (8), a frame (6) is set on the crawler chassis (8), and a diesel engine (6) is arranged on the frame (6). 7) and the driver's cab (20) at the front and the compartment (14) at the rear; one is composed of a bracket, an upper roller and a lower roller installed on the bracket, and a conveyor belt matched with the upper roller and the lower roller The conveying device (4) is hinged in front of the frame (6), and a row of excavating shovel teeth (3) is arranged at the lower end of the conveying device (4); a pair of conveying device adjustment cylinders (5) are arranged on On both sides of the crawler chassis (8), the rear end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder (5) is hinged to the crawler chassis (8), and the front end of each conveying device adjustment cylinder (5) is hinged to the conveying device (4 ) in the middle; a weeding feeding chute (1) is provided in front of the conveying device (4), and a reciprocating lawn mower (2) driven by a hydraulic motor is provided at the lower end of the weeding feeding chute (1); a vibrating The sieve plate (17) is arranged behind the conveying device (4), and the front end of the vibrating sieve plate (17) is equipped with a crank linkage mechanism (19); a mud pump ( 10), the inlet pipe of the mud pump (10) is equipped with a filter (9), the outlet pipe of the mud pump (10) is connected with the vibration cleaning nozzle (18) arranged above the vibrating sieve plate (17) and arranged on the The conveying and cleaning nozzles (21) above the conveying device (4) are connected; behind the vibrating sieve plate (17) there is a tumbler (15), and behind the tumbler (15) there is a hydraulic motor Driven scraper conveyor (13), the outlet at the upper end of the scraper conveyor (13) is placed above the inlet of the storage bin in the compartment (14); A high-pressure air pump (16) is arranged in front, and the outlet pipe of the high-pressure air pump (16) is connected to the rotating cage (15); the output shaft of the diesel engine (7) is respectively connected to the mud pump (10) through a belt transmission mechanism. ) input shaft and the upper roller shaft of the conveying device (4); the upper roller shaft of the conveying device (4) is connected with the crank shaft of the crank linkage mechanism (19) through a belt transmission mechanism; the The input shaft of the mud pump (10) is connected to the input shaft of the gear box of the basket (15) through a belt transmission mechanism; the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure air pump (16) and the hydraulic crawler chassis (8) The driving motor is powered by a generator configured with the diesel engine (7); a leveling rake (11) is hinged behind the frame (6), and the leveling rake (11) is formed by the upper frame and distributed on the upper frame The lower vertical rake tooth is composed of a pair of leveling rake adjustment cylinders (12) above the leveling rake (11), and the upper end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder (12) is hinged to the frame (6) , the lower end of the leveling rake adjustment cylinder (12) is hingedly connected to the rear end of the upper frame of the leveling rake (11). 2. The combined water chestnut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pair of support rods (22) are hinged on both sides of the crawler chassis (8), and the front ends of each support rod (22) pass through The notch is connected with the lower roller shaft of the conveying device (4). 3. The combined water chestnut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating cage (15) is composed of a circular rotating chassis (28) and a fence matched with the circular rotating chassis (28). shaped cylinder (25) and a circular upper cover (27) fixed on the upper end of the fence-shaped cylinder (25), the rotating chassis (28) is radially arranged with long holes, the rotating chassis (28) A central cylinder (24) is arranged on the top of the central cylinder (24), and grid-shaped dials (23) are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer surface of the central cylinder (24), and on the circular upper cover (27) A gas pipe connection port (26) and a feed port (31) connecting the gas outlet pipe of the high-pressure air pump (16) are provided, and a discharge port (29) is provided on the fence-shaped cylinder (25) and a discharge chute ( 30).

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