CN109429666B - Segmented green Chinese onion harvester and harvesting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a segmented green onion harvester and a harvesting method. The segmented green onion harvester includes a crawler chassis, a vibrating excavation device hinged to the rear end of the crawler chassis through a transverse hinge axis, and a vibrating excavation device fixedly connected to the crawler chassis. Onion supporting rod, the crawler chassis is equipped with a pushing device that drives the vibrating excavation device to rotate around the transverse hinge axis and an engine that drives the crawler chassis to move. The onion supporting rod extends to one side of the path where green onions pass through in the vibrating excavation device. . The invention has the functions of excavation, soil loosening, extraction and laying, and realizes flexible soil clearing, loosening and orderly laying; through the action of the lifting cylinder, the excavation shovel moves up and down according to different work needs to ensure uniform excavation depth. property; the motor drives the rocker arm to drive the soil screen to vibrate, thereby crushing soil clods and cleaning the soil, and gradually moving the green onions to one side, thereby achieving orderly laying of the green onions.

Description

A segmented green onion harvester and harvesting method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a segmented green onion harvester and a harvesting method.

Background technique

my country is the largest green onion production area in the world. The harvesting method is generally harvested by the growers themselves or by hired workers. The harvesting cost is high and the quality of manual harvesting is poor. It takes growers an average of 8 to 10 working hours to harvest one acre of green onions by themselves. It takes an average of about 500 yuan per mu for hired workers to harvest green onions. However, the average cost of mechanized harvesting of green onions is only about 80 yuan per mu. If mechanized harvesting of green onions is implemented, the nearly 8 million acres of green onions nationwide can save about 3.3 billion yuan in just one task, greatly reducing production costs and promoting the development of various green onion industries across the country.

However, the equipment currently used for harvesting green onions is not mature enough. The patent application number 201510632401.3 discloses a green onion harvester. Although the harvester has a vibrating digging shovel, it does not have the function of vibrating to shake the soil, resulting in incomplete soil removal from the roots of the green onions. The patent application number 201720368228.5 discloses a self-propelled green onion harvester. Although it achieves the leveling of the soil, it does not dig out the green onions from the soil. It still requires manual extraction, shaking of the soil, and labor. Large quantity, low efficiency. Therefore, harvesting has become a weak link in the full-process mechanized production of green onions, which seriously restricts the development of full-process mechanized production of green onions.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a segmented green onion harvester and a harvesting method, which have fast harvesting speed and low damage rate, and can realize a series of deep excavation, flexible soil clearing and loosening, and orderly laying of green onions. The harvesting process thereby improves harvesting efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and improves the mechanization level of green onion harvesting.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. It provides a segmented green onion harvester, which includes a crawler chassis, a vibrating excavation device hinged to the rear end of the crawler chassis through a transverse hinge axis, and an onion support fixedly connected to the crawler chassis. The crawler chassis is equipped with a pushing device that drives the vibrating excavation device to rotate around the transverse hinge axis and an engine that drives the crawler chassis to move. The onion supporting rod extends to one side of the path where green onions pass through in the vibrating excavation device.

This solution improves the ground gripping ability by setting up a crawler chassis and can adapt to the driving conditions of different soils. By driving the vibrating excavation device to rotate around the transverse hinge axis through the pushing device, the depth of the excavation shovel can be adjusted, and the depth of the excavation shovel can be adjusted after the excavation is completed. Lift the vibrating excavation device to facilitate the movement of the whole machine. Dig the green onions through the vibratory excavation device, and use vibration to remove the soil blocks carried by the green onions. Support the green onions with the onion support pole and guide the green onions to one side.

As an optimization, the vibratory excavation device includes an excavation bracket articulated with the crawler chassis and an excavation shovel installed on the excavation bracket. The excavation shovel includes a shovel handle connected to the excavation bracket, and a shovel blade fixedly connected to the shovel handle. The shovel blade is in the shape of an arc that bulges upward. A soil screening plate located behind the shovel blade is fixedly connected to the shovel handle. The rear end of the soil screening plate is hinged with a soil screening mesh through a horizontal axis. The soil screening mesh is connected to The driving device that drives its vibration. When this solution is used, the green onions are excavated with a shovel. As the harvester moves, the soil on the green onions and roots flows to the sieve plate, and then moves through the sieve plate to the sieve mesh, using the vibration of the sieve mesh. Loosen the soil at the roots of the green onions and separate the broken small clods of soil to achieve the purpose of soil cleaning.

As an optimization, the driving device includes a motor fixed to the excavation support, an eccentric wheel fixed to the motor output shaft, and a pin passing through the eccentric and eccentrically arranged with the motor output shaft. A rocker arm is connected to the upper sleeve, and the rocker arm is hingedly connected with the soil screen. This optimization plan uses a motor to drive the eccentric wheel to rotate. When the eccentric wheel is driven, the rocker arm drives the screen mesh to move up and down to achieve a vibration effect.

As an optimization, the rocker arm includes a seated bearing installed on the pin, an upper rocker fixedly connected to the bearing seat of the seated bearing, and a wire with one end extending into the upper rocker and threadedly connected to the upper rocker. Rod, the other end of the screw rod is connected to the lower rocker through threads, and the lower rocker is hinged with the soil screen. The rocker arm structure of this optimization plan can adjust the depth of the screw rod into the upper rocker and the lower rocker by turning the screw rod to adjust the length of the rocker arm, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the soil screen.

As an optimization, the soil screening mesh includes a connecting sleeve set on the horizontal axis, a soil screening shaft fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve, and several soil screening rods fixedly connected to the soil screening shaft and arranged at a certain distance from each other. Each soil screening rod is axially distributed along the soil screening axis, and the upper surface of each soil screening rod forms a slope, and the angle between the slope and the soil screening axis is 0 to 5°. In this optimization plan, the soil screening rods are fixed into one body through the soil screening shaft. The soil screening rods collide with the roots of green onions to break the soil clods. The broken soil clods leak between adjacent soil screening rods to achieve the purpose of soil cleaning; The sifting rods are arranged in an inclined plane to facilitate the movement of green onions to one side and achieve orderly laying. The range of angles not only ensures that the green onions move to one side, but also avoids the accumulation of green onions due to excessive angles, improving the quality of green onions. Smoothness of movement.

As an optimization, it also includes a guide plate fixed above the screen plate, and a mudguard fixed at the front end of the guide plate and located on one side of the blade. The guide plate is tilted in the height direction with the upper end facing outward. The rear end of the green onion is offset inward, and the guide plate and the onion supporting rod are located on both sides of the green onion. This optimization plan sets up guide plates and fenders to turn the green onions and green onion ridges to one side. The combined action of the guide plates and onion support poles further ensures that the green onions move to one side, thereby ensuring the neatness of the green onions. .

As an optimization, the excavation bracket is also equipped with a vertical pushing device that drives the blade to move vertically. This optimization plan uses a vertical pushing device to drive the blade to move up and down to adjust the depth of the blade into the soil, enabling deep excavation and avoiding damage to the green onions.

As an optimization, the excavation bracket includes a left bracket and a right bracket; the shovel handle includes a left sliding plate and a right sliding plate that are respectively slidably connected to the left bracket and the right bracket. The left sliding plate and the right sliding plate are respectively provided with an inclined left pull plate. , The right pull plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate, the front end of the horizontal plate is fixed to the blade, and the rear end of the horizontal plate is fixed to the screen plate; the vertical pushing device includes a left lifting cylinder installed on the left bracket and the right bracket respectively. Right lifting cylinder, the piston rods of the left lifting cylinder and the right lifting cylinder are connected to the left and right sliding plates respectively. This optimization plan divides the excavation support into two parts to improve the stability of the support for the excavation shovel. The shovel handle is slidably connected to the left bracket and right bracket through the left and right sliding plates, and is driven by the left and right lifting cylinders to ensure It ensures the balance of the blade when moving up and down, prevents the blade from tilting, and enables continuous adjustment of the depth of the blade into the soil.

As an optimization, the crawler chassis includes a frame articulated with the vibrating excavation device and a guide wheel, a supporting wheel, and a support wheel installed on the frame, as well as a guide wheel, a supporting wheel, and a support wheel. The crawler track and the engine are fixed on the frame. The hydraulic oil pump and gearbox driven by the engine are also fixed on the frame. The output shaft of the gearbox is fixed on the drive wheel located above the frame. The driving wheel is located in the crawler track and meshes with the crawler track. The crawler track is also provided with a crawler track tensioning device installed on the frame. This optimization plan uses the engine to drive the gearbox and the hydraulic oil pump at the same time, which reduces the space occupied and the weight of the entire machine. Since the driving wheel is located above the frame, the driving wheel drives the crawler track to rotate with better stability, and the supporting wheel The rotation is driven by the crawler belt, which improves the efficiency of force transmission and reduces the loss of force transmission; by setting up the crawler belt tensioning device, the crawler belt can be tightened to further ensure the reliability of the crawler belt rotation.

A green onion harvesting method includes a preparation and debugging stage and an excavation stage, as follows:

In the preparation and debugging stage, the planting depth is determined according to the variety of green onions to be planted and the soil conditions. According to the planting depth, the depth of the digging shovel into the soil is adjusted by adjusting the pushing device and the vertical pushing device;

In the excavation stage, after the depth of the digging shovel is adjusted, the engine drives the crawler tracks to rotate, causing the whole machine to move forward. The digging shovel lifts and splits the green onion planting ridges to dig out the green onions. As the machine moves forward, the green onions are moved forward due to inertia. Move backward through the sifting plate, turn the entire onion ridge and green onions to one side through the fender and guide plate, and let the soil flow with the green onions. Support and guide the upper part of the green onions through the onion support pole, so that the green onions fall to one side. side, at the same time, the motor drives the rocker arm, which in turn drives the soil screen to rotate back and forth around the horizontal axis to realize vibration of the soil screen. The vibration of the soil screen is used to break the soil clods at the roots of the green onions, and the small soil clods are broken. Falling into the ground through the gap between the soil sifting rods, the soil clearing and loosening operation of the green onion roots is completed.

This harvesting method has fast harvesting speed and high harvesting efficiency, reduces labor intensity, improves the mechanization level of green onion harvesting, and meets the urgent requirements for large-scale and mechanized green onion harvesting.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: 1. It has the functions of excavation, loosening, pulling and laying, and realizes flexible soil clearing, loosening and orderly laying; 2. Through the action of the lifting cylinder, it can be used according to different work needs. The excavation shovel moves up and down to ensure the uniformity of the excavation depth; 3. The motor drives the rocker arm to drive the soil screen to vibrate, thereby breaking the soil and clearing the soil, and gradually moving the green onions to one side, thereby achieving orderly spreading of the green onions. 4. It adopts self-propelled crawler walking mode, which has good grip, full power and reduces fuel consumption.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention (without shield);

Figure 3 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention (without shield);

Figure 4 is a left side view of the overall structure of the present invention (without shield);

Figure 5 is a axial side view of the overall structure of the present invention (without shield);

Figure 6 is the front view of the crawler chassis;

Figure 7 is a top view of the crawler chassis;

Figure 8 is a left view of the crawler chassis;

Figure 9 is a side view of the crawler chassis axis;

Figure 10 is a shaft side view of the track tensioner;

Figure 11 is a front view of the vibratory excavation device;

Figure 12 is a top view of the vibrating excavation device;

Figure 13 is a left side view of the vibratory excavation device;

Figure 14 is a axial side view of the vibrating excavation device;

Figure 15 is the front view of the digging shovel;

Figure 16 is a left side view of the digging shovel;

Figure 17 is a top view of the digging shovel;

Figure 18 is a side view of the digging shovel shaft;

Shown in the picture:

1. Crawler chassis, 2. Vibrating excavation device, 3. Support pole, 4. Seat, 5. Operation platform, 6. Propulsion device, 7. Water tank radiator, 8. Hydraulic oil radiator, 9. Fuel tank, 10. Muffler, 11. Air filter, 12. Engine guard, 13. Eccentric wheel guard, 14. Gearbox guard, 101. Track, 102. Frame, 103. Guide wheel, 104. Support weight Wheel, 105. Support wheel, 106. Track tensioning device, 107. Driving wheel, 108. Battery, 109. Gearbox, 1010. Engine, 1011. Belt tensioning device, 1012. Hydraulic oil pump, 1013. Multi-channel changer Directional valve, 1014, movable ladder, 1015, hydraulic pump mounting seat, 1016, connecting pin, 10601, support rod, 10602, spring, 10603, spring retaining ring, 10604, nut, 201, excavating shovel, 202, rocker arm, 203 , left bracket, 204, right bracket, 205, left lifting cylinder, 206, motor, 207, soil screen, 208, soil screening board, 209, fender, 2010, guide plate, 2011, right lifting cylinder, 20101, Blade, 20102, horizontal plate, 20103, left sliding plate, 20104, right sliding plate, 20105, left pulling plate, 20106, right pulling plate, 20107, ear plate.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly explain the technical features of this solution, this solution will be described below through specific implementation methods.

As shown in Figure 1, a segmented green onion harvester includes a crawler chassis 1, a vibrating excavation device 2 hinged to the rear end of the crawler chassis through a transverse hinge axis, and an onion support bar 3 fixedly connected to the crawler chassis. The crawler chassis 1 is equipped with a pushing device 6 that drives the vibrating excavation device to rotate around the transverse hinge axis and an engine 1010 that drives the crawler chassis to move. The onion supporting rod 3 extends to one side of the path where green onions pass through in the vibrating excavation device. The onion support rod is formed by bending a round tube and is used to maintain the tendency of the green onions to fall to one side. The pushing device 6 is a flip cylinder. The cylinder body is installed on the crawler chassis through the connecting pin 1016. The piston rod is articulated with the vibrating excavation device. By flipping The action of the oil cylinder is used to adjust the height of the vibrating excavation device.

The crawler chassis 1 includes a frame 102 articulated with the vibrating excavation device, a guide wheel 103, a supporting wheel 104, and a supporting guide wheel 105 installed on the frame, as well as a guide wheel, a supporting wheel, and a supporting guide wheel. The crawler track 101 and the engine 1010 are fixed on the frame. The battery 108, the hydraulic oil pump 1012 driven by the engine and the gearbox 109 are also fixed on the frame. The hydraulic oil pump and the gearbox are respectively located on both sides of the engine. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the engine output shaft through a belt drive. The output shaft of the gearbox is fixedly connected with a driving wheel 107 located above the vehicle frame. The driving wheel 107 is located in the crawler track and meshes with the crawler track. A belt tensioning device 1011 is provided on the conveyor belt between the engine and the gearbox. The belt tensioning device includes two tightening plates fixedly connected to the vehicle frame and a tensioning shaft transversely passing through the two tightening plates. The tensioning plate is provided with a vertical long hole for the tensioning shaft to pass through. The tensioning shaft is also threaded with a positioning nut located outside the two tensioning plates. The tensioning shaft between the two tensioning plates is sleeved. There is a tensioning wheel pressed against the conveyor belt.

The hydraulic oil pump 1012 is installed on the hydraulic pump mounting seat 1015 on the frame and is connected to the engine 1010 through a belt as a power source for the oil cylinder. The hydraulic oil pump 1012 is connected to the multi-way reversing valve 1013 fixed on the right rear end of the frame through the oil pipe. connect.

The drive wheel 107 is a nine-tooth drive wheel that transmits power to the crawler track. There are two support wheels located at both ends of the straight section of the crawler bottom. There are three support guide wheels located between the two heavy wheels. The guide wheels are located on the support wheels. The track above the heavy wheel and between the guide wheel and the supporting wheel is an inclined section.

The crawler track is also provided with a crawler track tensioning device 106 installed on the vehicle frame. The crawler track tensioning device includes a retaining ring fixedly arranged relative to the vehicle frame, a screw rod passing through the retaining ring, and a nut provided on the screw rod. 10604. A spring 10602 is set on the screw between the nut and the retaining ring. A spring retaining ring 10603 is provided between the nut and the spring. A support rod 10601 coaxial with the screw is fixedly connected to one end of the screw close to the nut. The support The pole is pushed to the axle of the guide wheel, and a tensioning connecting pipe for the support rod to pass through is fixed on the frame. The lower bearing bush in the bearing bush is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod close to the guide wheel, and the lower bearing bush is provided with a through hole that is sleeved on the guide wheel axle.

A water tank radiator 7 is fixedly connected to the right end of the frame, and a hydraulic oil radiator 8 is fixed to the left end of the frame. The water tank radiator 7 cools the engine through water circulation to ensure the normal operating temperature of the engine. The hydraulic oil radiator 8 completes the control of the hydraulic system. Cooling of hydraulic oil.

An air filter 11 is installed on the upper end of the engine to prevent the equipment from inhaling air with impurity particles and reduce the chance of abrasion and damage. A muffler 10 is installed at the rear end of the engine to reduce noise. An engine guard 12 and a gearbox guard 14 are respectively installed on the engine and gearbox to protect and prevent dust. The front end of the frame is also equipped with a seat 4, an operating platform 5 and a fuel tank 9. A movable ladder 1014 is installed at the left front end of the frame to facilitate workers to get on and off the frame.

The vibrating excavation device 2 includes an excavation bracket articulated with the crawler chassis and an excavation shovel 201 installed on the excavation bracket. The excavation shovel 201 includes a shovel handle connected to the excavation bracket, and a shovel blade 20101 fixedly connected to the shovel handle. The knife is in the shape of an upward bulging arc, and a soil screening plate 208 located behind the shovel blade is fixed to the shovel handle. The rear end of the soil screening plate 208 is hinged with a soil screening mesh 207 through a horizontal axis. The soil screening mesh 207 is connected with a driving device that drives its vibration.

The driving device includes a motor 206 fixedly connected to the excavation support, an eccentric wheel fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a pin passing through the eccentric and eccentrically arranged with the motor output shaft. The pin is sleeved with Rocker arm 202, the rocker arm 202 is hingedly connected to the soil screen 207, and an eccentric wheel guard 13 is installed at the eccentric wheel. The motor in this embodiment is a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor converts the pressure provided by the hydraulic oil pump 1012 into mechanical energy to drive the movement of the rocker arm 202 .

The rocker arm includes a seated bearing installed on the pin, an upper rocker fixedly connected to the bearing seat of the seated bearing, and a screw rod with one end extending into the upper rocker and threadedly connected to the upper rocker. The other end of the rod is connected to a lower rocker through a thread, and the lower rocker is hingedly connected to the soil screen.

The soil screening mesh includes a connecting sleeve set on the horizontal axis, a soil screening shaft fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve, and a plurality of soil screening rods fixedly connected to the soil screening shaft and arranged at a certain distance from each other. Each soil screening rod is arranged along the The soil screening shaft is axially distributed, and the upper surface of each soil screening rod forms a slope. The angle between the slope and the soil screening axis is 0 to 5°. The soil screening mesh is used to loosen soil at the roots of green onions and crush small soil. Blocks are separated.

A guide plate 2010 is also fixed on the upper surface of the screen plate. The front end of the guide plate is fixed with a fender 209 located on one side of the blade. The guide plate is tilted in the height direction with its upper end facing outward. The rear end of the guide plate is The end is offset inward, and the guide plate 2010 and the onion support rod 3 are respectively located on both sides of the green onion. The joint action of the fender, the guide plate and the onion support rod makes the green onion move to one side, and the fender and the guide plate provide support for the bottom of the green onion. Mobile guide, the onion support rod is curved to support and guide the upper part of the onion.

The excavation support is also equipped with a vertical pushing device that drives the blade to move vertically. The excavation bracket includes a left bracket 203 and a right bracket 204; the shovel handle includes a left sliding plate 20103 and a right sliding plate 20104 that are respectively slidably connected to the left bracket and the right bracket. The left sliding plate and the right sliding plate are respectively provided with an inclined left pull plate 20105 , the right pull plate 20106 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 20102, the front end of the horizontal plate is fixed to the shovel 20101, and the rear end of the horizontal plate is fixed to the screen soil plate 208; the vertical pushing device includes respectively installed on the left bracket 203 and the right bracket 204 The left lifting cylinder 205 and the right lifting cylinder 2011 are connected to the left and right lifting cylinders. The piston rods of the left and right lifting cylinders are respectively connected to the left and right sliding plates. The left and right sliding plates are both fixedly connected to the piston rods of the lifting cylinders. The ear plate of 20107.

A green onion harvesting method using the harvester of this embodiment includes a preparation and debugging stage and an excavation stage.

In the preparation and debugging stage, after ensuring that the machine is installed correctly, determine the planting depth according to the variety of green onions to be planted and the soil conditions. According to the planting depth, adjust the depth of the digging shovel into the soil by adjusting the flip cylinder, left lifting cylinder and right lifting cylinder to make the excavation The shovel can dig out the green onions without damaging them, achieving better working results.

In the excavation stage, after the depth of the digging shovel is adjusted, the engine drives the crawler tracks to rotate, causing the whole machine to move forward. The digging shovel lifts and splits the green onion planting ridges to dig out the green onions. As the machine moves forward, the green onions are moved forward due to inertia. Move backward through the sifting plate, turn the entire onion ridge and green onions to one side through the fender and guide plate, and let the soil flow with the green onions. Support and guide the upper part of the green onions through the onion support pole, so that the green onions fall to one side. side, at the same time, the hydraulic motor drives the rocker arm, which in turn drives the screen mesh to rotate back and forth around the horizontal axis to achieve vibration of the screen mesh. When the soil mesh vibrates, the collision between the screen rod and the soil clods causes the soil clods at the roots of the green onions to be The broken and broken small soil clods fall to the surface through the gaps between the soil screening rods, completing the soil clearing and loosening operation at the roots of the green onions. The angle between the soil screen rod and the excavation shovel gradually decreases, forming a slope gradually parallel to the ground, causing the green onions to gradually move to one side under the action of their own weight and the vibration of the shovel surface, and the green onions as a whole gradually move to one side. Parallel to the ground, the green onions can be laid out in an orderly manner.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using existing technologies, and will not be described again. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not It is a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that changes, modifications, modifications, modifications, modifications, etc. made by those of ordinary skill in the art are within the essential scope of the present invention. Additions or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A sectional type green Chinese onion harvester which characterized in that: the novel green onion cutter comprises a crawler chassis (1), a vibrating excavating device (2) hinged at the rear end of the crawler chassis through a transverse hinge shaft and a green onion supporting rod (3) fixedly connected with the crawler chassis, wherein a pushing device (6) for driving the vibrating excavating device to rotate around the transverse hinge shaft and an engine (1010) for driving the crawler chassis to move are arranged on the crawler chassis (1), and the green onion supporting rod (3) extends to one side of a green onion passing path in the vibrating excavating device;

the vibrating excavating device (2) comprises an excavating bracket hinged with the crawler chassis and an excavating shovel (201) arranged on the excavating bracket, the excavating shovel (201) comprises a shovel handle connected with the excavating bracket and a shovel blade (20101) fixedly connected with the shovel handle, the shovel blade is in an upward-bulge circular arc shape, a soil screening plate (208) positioned behind the shovel blade is fixedly connected on the shovel handle, the rear end of the soil screening plate (208) is hinged with a soil screening net (207) through a transverse shaft, and the soil screening net (207) is connected with a driving device for driving the soil screening net to vibrate;

the soil screening net comprises a connecting sleeve sleeved on a transverse shaft, a soil screening shaft fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve and a plurality of soil screening rods fixedly connected with the soil screening shaft and arranged at a certain distance from each other, wherein each soil screening rod is axially distributed along the soil screening shaft, an inclined plane is formed on the upper surface of each soil screening rod, and the inclined plane forms an included angle of 0-5 degrees with the soil screening shaft;

the soil screening device is characterized by further comprising a guide plate (2010) fixedly arranged above the soil screening plate and a mud guard (209) fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide plate and positioned at one side of the scraper knife, wherein the guide plate is obliquely arranged in the height direction, the upper end of the guide plate faces outwards, the rear end of the guide plate is inwards deviated, and the guide plate (2010) and the onion supporting rod (3) are respectively positioned at two sides of the green Chinese onion;

the method for harvesting the green Chinese onions by using the sectional green Chinese onion harvester comprises a preparation debugging stage and an excavating stage, wherein the preparation debugging stage is used for determining planting depth according to the variety of the green Chinese onions to be planted and the soil condition, and adjusting the depth of the excavating shovel into the soil by adjusting a pushing device and a vertical pushing device according to the planting depth;

in the digging stage, after the depth of digging shovel into soil is adjusted, an engine drives a crawler belt to rotate, so that the whole machine walks forwards, a planting ridge of the green Chinese onion is lifted and split by the digging shovel, the green Chinese onion is dug out, in the advancing process of the whole machine, the whole green Chinese onion ridge and the green Chinese onion are turned to one side by inertia and flow together with the green Chinese onion by a mud guard and a guide plate, the green Chinese onion is held and guided to one side by a green Chinese onion supporting rod, meanwhile, a rocker arm is driven by a motor, and then a soil screening net is driven to rotate around a transverse shaft to vibrate, the root soil blocks of the green Chinese onion are broken by utilizing the vibration of the soil screening net, and the broken small soil blocks fall into the ground surface through gaps between the soil screening rods, so that the soil cleaning and soil loosening operation of the root of the green Chinese onion is completed; the included angle between the soil screening and screening rod and the digging shovel surface is gradually reduced, so that a gradient gradually parallel to the ground is formed, the green Chinese onion gradually moves to one side under the action of dead weight and shovel surface vibration, and the whole green Chinese onion is gradually parallel to the ground, so that ordered laying of the green Chinese onion is realized.

2. A segmented green Chinese onion harvester as in claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a motor (206) fixedly connected with the excavating support, an eccentric wheel fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor and a pin shaft which is arranged on the eccentric wheel in a penetrating mode and is eccentrically arranged with the output shaft of the motor, a rocker arm (202) is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the rocker arm (202) is hinged with a soil screening net (207).

3. A segmented green Chinese onion harvester as in claim 2, wherein: the rocker arm comprises a bearing with a seat, an upper rocker and a screw rod, wherein the bearing with the seat is arranged on the pin shaft, the upper rocker is fixedly connected with a bearing seat of the bearing with the seat, one end of the screw rod extends into the upper rocker and is in threaded connection with the upper rocker, the other end of the screw rod is connected with a lower rocker through threads, and the lower rocker is hinged with the soil screening net.

4. A segmented green Chinese onion harvester as in claim 1, wherein: and the excavating bracket is also provided with a vertical pushing device for driving the shovel blade to move vertically.

5. A segmented green Chinese onion harvester as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the excavating bracket comprises a left bracket (203) and a right bracket (204); the shovel handle comprises a left sliding plate (20103) and a right sliding plate (20104) which are respectively in sliding connection with the left bracket and the right bracket, wherein the left sliding plate and the right sliding plate are respectively fixedly connected with a transverse plate (20102) through a left pulling plate (20105) and a right pulling plate (20106) which are obliquely arranged, the front end of the transverse plate is fixedly connected with a shovel blade (20101), and the rear end of the transverse plate is fixedly connected with a soil sieving plate (208); the vertical pushing device comprises a left lifting oil cylinder (205) and a right lifting oil cylinder (2011) which are respectively arranged on a left bracket (203) and a right bracket (204), and piston rods of the left lifting oil cylinder and the right lifting oil cylinder are respectively connected with a left sliding plate and a right sliding plate.

6. A segmented green Chinese onion harvester as in claim 1, wherein: the crawler chassis (1) comprises a frame (102) hinged with the vibrating excavating device, a guide wheel (103), a thrust wheel (104) and a support wheel (105) which are arranged on the frame, and a crawler belt (101) wound on the guide wheel, the thrust wheel and the support wheel, wherein an engine (1010) is fixedly connected on the frame, a hydraulic oil pump (1012) driven by the engine and a gearbox (109) are fixedly connected on the frame, a driving wheel (107) positioned above the frame is fixedly connected on an output shaft of the gearbox, the driving wheel (107) is positioned in the crawler belt and is meshed with the crawler belt, and a crawler belt tensioning device (106) arranged on the frame is further arranged in the crawler belt.