CN103606751B - Thin substrate quasi-yagi difference beam plane horn antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

Thin substrate quasi-yagi difference beam plane horn antenna relates to a kind of horn antenna.This antenna is included in the microstrip feed line (2) on medium substrate (1), horn antenna (3) and Quasi-Yagi antenna (4), horn antenna (3) is by the first metal flat (7), second metal flat (8) and two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls (9) compositions, odd number metallization arrays of vias (11) and even number dielectric-filled waveguide (17) is had in horn antenna (3), in horn antenna (3) bore face (10), upper each dielectric-filled waveguide (17) is connected to a Quasi-Yagi antenna (4) be made up of active dipole (20) and parasitic element (21), left half antenna (15) and institute's Quasi-Yagi antenna that connects (4) and right half antenna (16) and institute's Quasi-Yagi antenna that connects (4) symmetrical.Radiation field of aerial polarised direction and substrate-parallel, this antenna can use thin Substrate manufacture and gain high, large zero is dark, cost is low and compact conformation.

Description

Thin Substrate Quasi-Yagisha Beam Planar Horn Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to a horn antenna, in particular to a planar horn antenna with a thin substrate quasi-Yagi-difference beam.

Background technique

Horn antennas are widely used in systems such as satellite communications, ground microwave links, and radio telescopes. However, the huge geometric size of the three-dimensional horn antenna restricts its application and development in planar circuits. In recent years, the proposal and development of substrate-integrated waveguide technology have greatly promoted the development of planar horn antennas. The substrate-integrated waveguide has the advantages of small size, light weight, easy integration and fabrication. The planar substrate-integrated waveguide horn antenna based on the planar substrate-integrated waveguide not only has the characteristics of the horn antenna, but also realizes the miniaturization and light weight of the horn antenna, and is easy to integrate in the microwave and millimeter-wave planar circuits. The traditional substrate-integrated waveguide planar horn antenna has a limitation. The thickness of the base plate of the antenna horn must be greater than one-tenth of the operating wavelength in order for the antenna to have better radiation performance. Otherwise, due to reflection, the energy in the antenna will not radiate out. This requires that the thickness of the antenna substrate should not be too thin, and it is very difficult to meet this requirement in lower frequency bands such as the L-band. A very thick substrate not only has a large volume and weight, which offsets the advantages of integration, but also increases the cost. In addition, the polarization direction of the radiation field of these antennas is generally perpendicular to the dielectric substrate, and some applications require the polarization of the radiation field to be parallel to the dielectric substrate. In some existing antennas, a patch is loaded in front of the planar horn antenna to improve the radiation of the thin-substrate planar horn antenna, but the size of the loaded patch is large and the working frequency band is narrow. Usually, in order to realize the difference beam, special feeding devices need to be used, and these feeding devices are either difficult to implement in planar circuits, or are narrow-band phase-shifting circuits.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to propose a thin-substrate quasi-Yagisha beam planar horn antenna. The polarization direction of the antenna radiation field is parallel to the dielectric substrate, which can be manufactured using a very thin dielectric substrate. The electrical thickness of the substrate is very small. In the thin case, it still has excellent radiation performance, increasing the zero depth of the antenna difference beam and increasing the slope of the antenna difference beam.

Technical solution: the thin substrate quasi-Yagi difference beam planar horn antenna of the present invention is characterized in that the antenna includes a microstrip feeder arranged on a dielectric substrate, a substrate integrated horn antenna and a plurality of quasi-Yagi antennas; the microstrip feeder The first port of the antenna is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port of the microstrip feeder is connected to the substrate-integrated horn antenna; the substrate-integrated horn antenna consists of a first metal plane located on one side of the dielectric substrate and a The second metal plane is composed of two rows of metallized via horn sidewalls passing through the dielectric substrate to connect the first metal plane and the second metal plane, and the width between the two rows of metallized via horn sidewalls of the substrate integrated horn antenna It gradually becomes larger, forming a horn-shaped opening, and the end of the opening is the aperture surface of the substrate-integrated horn antenna; in the substrate-integrated horn antenna, there are an odd number of metallized via arrays connecting the first metal plane and the second metal plane, each metal The length of the metallized via array is the same, the head end of the metallized via array is inside the substrate integrated horn antenna, and the tail end of the metallized via array is on the aperture surface of the substrate integrated horn antenna; in the metallized via array There is a middle metallized via array that divides the entire antenna into two symmetrical parts: the left half antenna and the right half antenna; two adjacent metallized via arrays, or a metallized via array and its adjacent row of metal The side wall of the horn is simplified, and the first metal plane and the second metal plane form a dielectric-filled waveguide, and each dielectric-filled waveguide is connected with a quasi-Yagi antenna outside the aperture plane.

The conduction band of the microstrip feeder is connected to the first metal plane, and the ground plane of the microstrip feeder is connected to the second metal plane.

The width of the dielectric-filled waveguide is such that electromagnetic waves can propagate therein without being cut off, and the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide is more than half the wavelength of the waveguide.

Each quasi-Yagi antenna consists of an active oscillator and one or several passive oscillators; the active oscillator has a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm on both sides of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiating arm of the active oscillator and the base The first metal plane of the chip integrated horn antenna is connected, the second radiating arm of the active oscillator is connected with the second metal plane of the chip integrated horn antenna, and the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm of each active oscillator are opposite to each other. Direction stretching; the passive vibrator can be located on either side or both sides of the dielectric substrate.

The extension directions of the first radiating arms of all the active oscillators connected to the left half antenna are the same, and the extension directions of the second radiating arms of all the active oscillators connected to the left half antenna are the same; all the active oscillators connected to the right half antenna The extension direction of the first radiating arm of the source oscillator is the same, and the extension direction of the second radiating arm of all active oscillators connected to the right half antenna is the same; the extension direction of the first radiating arm of the active oscillator connected to the left half antenna The direction is the same as the extending direction of the second radiating arm of the active vibrator connected to the right half antenna, and the extending direction of the second radiating arm of the active vibrator connected to the left half antenna is the same as the extending direction of the second radiating arm of the active vibrator connected to the right half antenna. The stretching directions of one radial arm are the same.

In the side wall of the metallized via hole horn and the metallized via hole array, the distance between two adjacent metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one-tenth of the working wavelength, so that the formed metallized via hole horn side wall and metal The via array can be equivalent to an electric wall.

The electromagnetic wave is input from one end of the microstrip feeder, and enters the substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna through the other end of the microstrip feeder. After a certain distance, when it encounters a metallized via hole array, it enters each dielectric filled waveguide for transmission, and then enters each dielectric waveguide. The electromagnetic wave enters the quasi-Yagi antenna through the antenna aperture surface, and the polarization direction of the radiation field becomes a horizontal direction close to parallel with the substrate. Since the radiation arm of the left half-antenna quasi-Yagi antenna is the same as the radiation arm of the right half-antenna quasi-Yagi antenna Symmetrical, so the polarization direction of the quasi-Yagi antenna radiation field of the left half antenna is opposite to that of the right half antenna quasi-Yagi antenna radiation field, thus forming a difference beam in the direction parallel to the dielectric substrate. The quasi-Yagi antenna is equivalent to a linear array in the main radiation direction and has a high gain. Therefore, compared with the ordinary planar horn antenna, this antenna has a high gain, that is, the zero depth and slope of the difference beam are increased.

Since there are multiple metallized via hole arrays to divide the aperture surface of the antenna into many small aperture surfaces, the size of the quasi-Yagi antenna connected to each small aperture surface can be made very small, so that the antenna has a compact structure and a small size. The increase is very small.

From the feed microstrip line to the quasi-Yagi antenna, the antenna is a closed substrate integrated waveguide structure, so the feed loss is small.

Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the thin-substrate quasi-Yagisha beam planar horn antenna of the present invention is that the polarization direction of the antenna radiation field is parallel to the dielectric substrate; the antenna can use a dielectric substrate with a thickness lower than 2 percent of the wavelength Manufactured, the thickness of the substrate is far lower than one-tenth of the wavelength required by the usual planar horn antenna, and it still has excellent radiation performance when the electrical thickness of the substrate is very thin. For example, at 6GHz frequency, epoxy resin material substrate is used The thickness of the antenna can be reduced from 2.5mm to 0.5mm, thereby greatly reducing size, weight and cost; the antenna can increase the zero depth of the difference beam and increase the slope of the antenna difference beam, and the antenna has a compact structure and low feed loss.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a thin-substrate quasi-Yagiji beam planar horn antenna of the present invention.

In the figure, there are: dielectric substrate 1, microstrip feeder 2, substrate integrated horn antenna 3, quasi-Yagi antenna array 4; first port 5 of microstrip feeder 2, second port 6 of microstrip feeder 2, and dielectric substrate 1 The first metal plane 7, the second metal plane 8 of the dielectric substrate 1, the metallized via hole horn side wall 9, the aperture surface 10 of the antenna 3, the metallized via hole array 11, the head end 12 of the metallized via hole array 11, The tail end 13 of the metallized via array 11, the middle metallized via array 14, the left half antenna 15, the right half antenna 16, the dielectric filled waveguide 17, the conduction band 18 of the microstrip feeder 2, and the ground plane of the microstrip feeder 2 19. Active oscillator 20 , passive oscillator 21 , first radiating arm 22 and second radiating arm 23 .

Detailed ways

The embodiment that the present invention adopts is: the thin substrate quasi Yagi difference beam planar horn antenna includes the microstrip feeder 2 that is arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, the substrate integrated horn antenna 3 and a plurality of quasi Yagi antennas 4; The first port 5 of the feeder 2 is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port 6 of the microstrip feeder 2 is connected to the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3; The plane 7, the second metal plane 8 located on the other side of the dielectric substrate 1, and two rows of metallized via-hole horn sidewalls 9 passing through the dielectric substrate 1 to connect the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8, the substrate integrates the horn The width between the horn side walls 9 of the two rows of metallized via holes of the antenna 3 gradually increases to form a horn-shaped opening, and the end of the opening is the aperture surface 10 of the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3; the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3 has An odd number of metallized via arrays 11 connects the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8, each metallized via array 11 has the same length, and the head end 12 of the metallized via array 11 is inside the substrate integrated horn antenna 3 , the tail end 13 of the metallized via hole array 11 is on the aperture surface 10 of the substrate integrated horn antenna 3; in the metallized via hole array 11, there is a middle metallized via hole array 14 to divide the whole antenna into a symmetrical left half antenna 15 and the right half antenna 16 two parts; two adjacent metallized via hole arrays 11, or a row of metallized via hole horn sidewalls 9 adjacent to a metallized via hole array 11, and the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8 form a dielectric-filled waveguide 17, and each dielectric-filled waveguide 17 is connected with a quasi-Yagi antenna 4 outside the aperture plane 10.

The conduction strip 18 of the microstrip feeder 2 is in contact with the first metal plane 7 , and the ground plane 19 of the microstrip feeder 2 is in contact with the second metal plane 8 .

The width of the dielectric-filled waveguide 17 is such that electromagnetic waves can propagate therein without being cut off, and the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide 17 is more than half the wavelength of the waveguide.

Each quasi-Yagi antenna 4 is composed of an active oscillator 20 and one or several passive oscillators 21; the active oscillator 20 has a first radiating arm 22 and a second radiating arm 23 on both sides of the dielectric substrate 1, and the active oscillator The first radiating arm 22 of 20 is connected to the first metal plane 7 of the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3, the second radiating arm 23 of the active oscillator 20 is connected to the second metal plane 8 of the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3, and each has The first radiating arm 22 and the second radiating arm 23 of the source oscillator 20 extend in opposite directions; the passive oscillator 22 can be located on any side or both sides of the dielectric substrate 1 .

The extension directions of the first radiating arms 22 of all active oscillators 20 connected to the left half antenna 15 are the same, and the extension directions of the second radiating arms 23 of all active oscillators 20 connected to the left half antenna 15 are all the same; The extension directions of the first radiating arms 22 of all the active oscillators 20 connected to the line 16 are the same, and the extension directions of the second radiating arms 23 of all the active oscillators 20 connected to the right half antenna 16 are all the same; the left half antenna 15 The extending direction of the first radiating arm 22 of the connected active dipole 20 is the same as the extending direction of the second radiating arm 23 of the active dipole 20 connected to the right half antenna 16, and the extending direction of the active dipole 20 connected to the left half antenna 15 The extending direction of the second radiating arm 23 is the same as the extending direction of the first radiating arm 22 of the active dipole 20 connected to the right half antenna 16 .

In the metallized via horn sidewall 9 and the metallized via hole array 11, the distance between two adjacent metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one tenth of the operating wavelength, so that the formed metallized via horn sidewall 9 and the metallized via hole array 11 can be equivalent to electrical walls.

During design, the length of the metallized via hole array 11 generally needs to make the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide 17 more than half the wavelength of the waveguide so that the antenna can have greater gain.

In terms of technology, the thin-substrate quasi-Yagisha beam planar horn antenna can be realized by either ordinary printed circuit board (PCB) technology, low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology or integrated circuit technology such as CMOS and Si substrates. The metallized via hole can be a hollow metal via hole or a solid metal hole, or a continuous metallized wall, and the shape of the metal via hole can be circular, square or other shapes.

In terms of structure, according to the same principle, the number of metallized via hole arrays 11 can be increased or decreased, and then the number and size of quasi-Yagi antennas 4 can be changed, as long as the dielectric-filled waveguide 17 can transmit the main mode.

According to the above, the present invention can be realized.

Claims (4)

1. Thin substrate quasi-Yagi difference beam planar horn antenna, characterized in that the antenna includes a microstrip feeder (2), a substrate integrated horn antenna (3) and a plurality of quasi-Yagi antennas ( 4); the first port (5) of the microstrip feeder (2) is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port (6) of the microstrip feeder (2) is connected to the substrate integrated horn antenna (3) ;The substrate integrated horn antenna (3) consists of a first metal plane (7) located on one side of the dielectric substrate (1), a second metal plane (8) located on the other side of the dielectric substrate (1) and passing through the dielectric substrate (1) Two rows of metallized through-hole horn sidewalls (9) connecting the first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8), two rows of metallized through-hole horn sidewalls ( 9) The width between them gradually increases, forming a horn-shaped opening, and the end of the opening is the aperture surface (10) of the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3); there are an odd number of metallization processes in the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3). The hole array (11) connects the first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8), the lengths of each metallized via array (11) are the same, and the head end (12) of the metallized via array (11) is at Inside the substrate integrated horn antenna (3), the tail end (13) of the metallized via hole array (11) is on the aperture surface (10) of the substrate integrated horn antenna (3); on the metallized via hole array (11) There is a metallized via hole array (14) in the middle to divide the whole antenna into two parts: the symmetrical left half antenna (15) and the right half antenna (16); the adjacent two metallized via hole arrays (11), or A metallized via hole array (11) and a row of metallized via hole horn sidewalls (9) adjacent to it form a dielectric filled waveguide (17) with the first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8), Each dielectric-filled waveguide (17) outside the aperture surface (10) is connected with a quasi-Yagi antenna (4) through a section of equal broadband line; The thickness of the dielectric substrate (1) is less than two percent of the wavelength; Each quasi-Yagi antenna (4) is composed of an active oscillator (20) and one or several passive oscillators (21); the active oscillator (20) has first radiation arms ( 22) and the second radiating arm (23), the first radiating arm (22) of the active oscillator (20) is connected to the first metal plane (7) of the substrate integrated horn antenna (3), the active oscillator (20) The second radiating arm (23) of the substrate integrated horn antenna (3) is connected to the second metal plane (8), and the first radiating arm (22) and the second radiating arm (23) of each active oscillator (20) ) extend in opposite directions; the passive vibrator (22) can be located on either side or both sides of the dielectric substrate (1); The extension directions of the first radiation arms (22) of all active oscillators (20) connected to the left half antenna (15) are the same, and the second radiation of all active oscillators (20) connected to the left half antenna (15) The extension directions of the arms (23) are all the same; the extension directions of the first radiating arms (22) of all the active vibrators (20) connected to the right half antenna (16) are all the same, and all the first radiation arms (22) connected to the right half antenna (16) The extension direction of the second radiating arm (23) of the active oscillator (20) is the same; the extension direction of the first radiating arm (22) of the active oscillator (20) connected to the left half antenna (15) is the same as that of the right half antenna (16) The extension direction of the second radiating arm (23) of the connected active oscillator (20) is the same, and the extension of the second radiating arm (23) of the active oscillator (20) connected to the left half antenna (15) The direction is the same as the extension direction of the first radiation arm (22) of the active oscillator (20) connected to the right half antenna (16). 2. The thin-substrate quasi-Yagiji beam planar horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduction band (18) of the microstrip feeder (2) is connected to the first metal plane (7), and the microstrip feeder ( 2) The ground plane (19) is in contact with the second metal plane (8). 3. The thin-substrate quasi-Yagisha beam planar horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the dielectric-filled waveguide (17) is such that electromagnetic waves can propagate therein without being cut off, and the width of the dielectric-filled waveguide (17) The length is more than half the waveguide wavelength. 4. The thin-substrate quasi-Yagiso beam planar horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that in the metallized via hole horn sidewall (9) and the metallized via hole array (11), adjacent The distance between the two metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one-tenth of the working wavelength, so that the formed metallized via hole horn side wall (9) and the metallized via hole array (11) can be equivalent to electrical walls.