CN103594804B - Thin substrate slot-line planar horn antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar horn antenna with slot lines on a thin substrate and relates to a horn antenna. The antenna includes a microstrip feeder (2), a horn antenna (3) and a plurality of slot line horns (4) on a dielectric substrate (1). The horn antenna (3) consists of a first metal plane (7), a second metal It consists of a plane (8) and two rows of metallized via horn side walls (9). There are metallized via hole arrays (11) and multiple dielectric filled waveguides (14) in the horn antenna (3). In the horn antenna (3) On the aperture surface (10) of each dielectric-filled waveguide (14) is connected with a slotted horn (4). The polarization direction of the antenna radiation field is parallel to the substrate. The antenna can be fabricated using a thin substrate and has high gain, low cost and compact structure.

Description

Thin Substrate Slotline Planar Horn Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to a horn antenna, in particular to a planar horn antenna with slot lines on a thin substrate.

Background technique

Horn antennas are widely used in systems such as satellite communications, ground microwave links, and radio telescopes. However, the huge geometric size of the three-dimensional horn antenna restricts its application and development in planar circuits. In recent years, the proposal and development of substrate-integrated waveguide technology have greatly promoted the development of planar horn antennas. The substrate-integrated waveguide has the advantages of small size, light weight, easy integration and fabrication. The planar substrate-integrated waveguide horn antenna based on the planar substrate-integrated waveguide not only has the characteristics of the horn antenna, but also realizes the miniaturization and light weight of the horn antenna, and is easy to integrate in the microwave and millimeter-wave planar circuits. The traditional substrate-integrated waveguide planar horn antenna has a limitation. The thickness of the base plate of the antenna horn must be greater than one-tenth of the operating wavelength in order for the antenna to have better radiation performance. Otherwise, due to reflection, the energy in the antenna will not radiate out. This requires that the thickness of the antenna substrate should not be too thin, and it is very difficult to meet this requirement in lower frequency bands such as the L-band. A very thick substrate not only has a large volume and weight, which offsets the advantages of integration, but also increases the cost. In addition, the polarization direction of the radiation field of these antennas is generally perpendicular to the dielectric substrate, and some applications require the polarization of the radiation field to be parallel to the dielectric substrate. In some existing antennas, a patch is loaded in front of the planar horn antenna to improve the radiation of the thin-substrate planar horn antenna, but the size of the loaded patch is large and the working frequency band is narrow.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to propose a flat horn antenna with grooved lines on a thin substrate. The polarization direction of the antenna radiation field is parallel to the dielectric substrate, which can be manufactured using a very thin dielectric substrate. When the electrical thickness of the substrate is very thin Under the circumstances, it still has excellent radiation performance.

Technical solution: The thin substrate slot line planar horn antenna of the present invention is characterized in that the antenna includes a microstrip feeder arranged on a dielectric substrate, a substrate integrated horn antenna and a plurality of slot line horns; the first microstrip feeder One port is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port of the microstrip feeder is connected to the substrate-integrated horn antenna; the substrate-integrated horn antenna consists of a first metal plane located on one side of the dielectric substrate and a second metal plane located on the other side of the dielectric substrate. The metal plane and two rows of metallized via hole horn sidewalls passing through the dielectric substrate to connect the first metal plane and the second metal plane, the width between the two rows of metallized via hole horn sidewalls of the substrate integrated horn antenna gradually changes Large, forming a horn-shaped opening, the end of the opening is the aperture surface of the substrate-integrated horn antenna; there are multiple metallized via hole arrays in the substrate-integrated horn antenna to connect the first metal plane and the second metal plane, and each metallization process The length of the hole array is the same, the head end of the metallized via hole array is inside the substrate integrated horn antenna, and the tail end of the metallized via hole array is on the aperture surface of the substrate integrated horn antenna; two adjacent metallized via holes Array, or a metallized via hole array and a row of adjacent metallized via hole horn sidewalls, form a dielectric filled waveguide with the first metal plane and the second metal plane, and each dielectric filled waveguide outside the aperture plane is connected with A slotted horn.

The conduction band of the microstrip feeder is connected to the first metal plane, and the ground plane of the microstrip feeder is connected to the second metal plane.

The width of the dielectric-filled waveguide is such that electromagnetic waves can propagate therein without being cut off, and the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide is more than half the wavelength of the waveguide.

Each slotted horn has a first radiating patch and a second radiating patch on both sides of the dielectric substrate, the first radiating patch of the slotted horn is connected to the first metal plane of the substrate integrated horn antenna, and the slotted horn The second radiating patch is connected to the second metal plane of the substrate-integrated horn antenna, and the hypotenuse of the first radiating patch and the hypotenuse of the second radiating patch are gradually opened to form a horn-shaped opening.

In the side wall of the metallized via hole horn and the metallized via hole array, the distance between two adjacent metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one-tenth of the working wavelength, so that the formed metallized via hole horn side wall and metal The via array can be equivalent to an electric wall.

The electromagnetic wave is input from one end of the microstrip feeder, and enters the substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna through the other end of the microstrip feeder. After a certain distance, when it encounters a metallized via hole array, it enters each dielectric filled waveguide for transmission, and then enters each dielectric waveguide. The electromagnetic wave enters the slot line horn to radiate through the aperture surface of the antenna, and the polarization direction of the radiation field becomes a horizontal direction close to parallel with the substrate.

Since there are multiple metallized via hole arrays to divide the aperture surface of the antenna into many small aperture surfaces, the size of the slot line horn connected to each small aperture surface can be made very small, so that the antenna has a compact structure and a small size. Increased very little.

The antenna is a closed substrate integrated waveguide structure from the feed microstrip line to the slot line horn, so the feed loss is small.

Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the thin substrate slot line planar horn antenna of the present invention is that the polarization direction of the antenna radiation field is parallel to the dielectric substrate; the antenna can be manufactured using a dielectric substrate with a thickness lower than 2 percent of the wavelength, The thickness of the substrate is far lower than one-tenth of the wavelength required by the usual planar horn antenna. It still has excellent radiation performance when the electrical thickness of the substrate is very thin. For example, at 6GHz frequency, the thickness of the epoxy resin material substrate is used. It can be reduced from 2.5mm to 0.5mm, thereby greatly reducing the size, weight and cost; the antenna has a compact structure and low feed loss.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a thin substrate grooved planar horn antenna according to the present invention.

In the figure there are: dielectric substrate 1, microstrip feeder 2, substrate integrated horn antenna 3, slot line horn array 4; first port 5 of microstrip feeder 2, second port 6 of microstrip feeder 2, and dielectric substrate 1 The first metal plane 7, the second metal plane 8 of the dielectric substrate 1, the metallized via hole horn side wall 9, the aperture surface 10 of the antenna 3, the metallized via hole array 11, the head end 12 of the metallized via hole array 11, The tail end 13 of the metallized via array 11, the dielectric filled waveguide 14, the conduction band 15 of the microstrip feeder 2, the ground plane 16 of the microstrip feeder 2, the first radiation patch 17 of the slot line speaker 4, and the slot line speaker 4 The second radiating patch 18 , the hypotenuse 19 of the first radiating patch 17 and the hypotenuse 20 of the second radiating patch 18 .

detailed description

The embodiment that the present invention adopts is: thin substrate groove line planar horn antenna comprises the microstrip feeder 2 that is arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, substrate integrated horn antenna 3 and a plurality of groove line horns 4; Said microstrip feeder 2 The first port 5 of the antenna is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port 6 of the microstrip feeder 2 is connected to the substrate integrated horn antenna 3; the substrate integrated horn antenna 3 is formed by the first metal plane 7 located on one side of the dielectric substrate 1 , the second metal plane 8 located on the other side of the dielectric substrate 1 and two rows of metallized via-hole horn sidewalls 9 passing through the dielectric substrate 1 to connect the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8, the substrate integrates the horn antenna 3 The width between the horn sidewalls 9 of the two rows of metallized via holes gradually increases to form a horn-shaped opening, and the end of the opening is the aperture surface 10 of the substrate-integrated horn antenna 3; there are multiple substrate-integrated horn antennas 3 The metallized via array 11 connects the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8. The lengths of each metallized via array 11 are the same, and the head end 12 of the metallized via array 11 is inside the substrate integrated horn antenna 3. The tail end 13 of the metallized via array 11 is on the aperture surface 10 of the substrate integrated horn antenna 3; two adjacent metallized via arrays 11, or a metallized via array 11 and its adjacent row of metal The side wall 9 of the through-hole horn forms a dielectric-filled waveguide 14 with the first metal plane 7 and the second metal plane 8 , and each dielectric-filled waveguide 14 is connected with a slotted horn 4 outside the aperture plane 10 .

The conduction strip 15 of the microstrip feeder 2 is in contact with the first metal plane 7 , and the ground plane 16 of the microstrip feeder 2 is in contact with the second metal plane 8 .

The width of the dielectric-filled waveguide 14 is such that electromagnetic waves can propagate therein without being cut off, and the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide 14 is more than half the wavelength of the waveguide.

Each slot line horn 4 has a first radiation patch 17 and a second radiation patch 18 on both sides of the dielectric substrate 1, and the first radiation patch 17 of the slot line horn 4 is connected to the first radiation patch 17 of the substrate integrated horn antenna 3. The metal plane 7 is connected, the second radiation patch 18 of the slot line horn 4 is connected with the second metal plane 8 of the substrate integrated horn antenna 3, the hypotenuse 19 of the first radiation patch 17 and the oblique side of the second radiation patch 18 The side 20 flares gradually to form a trumpet-shaped opening.

In the metallized via horn sidewall 9 and the metallized via hole array 11, the distance between two adjacent metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one tenth of the operating wavelength, so that the formed metallized via horn sidewall 9 and the metallized via hole array 11 can be equivalent to electrical walls.

During design, the length of the metallized via hole array 11 is generally such that the length of the dielectric-filled waveguide 14 is more than half the wavelength of the waveguide so that the antenna has a greater gain.

In terms of technology, the thin substrate phase amplitude correction slot line difference beam planar horn antenna can use either ordinary printed circuit board (PCB) technology, or low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology or integrated circuits such as CMOS and Si substrates. Craft realized. The metallized via hole can be a hollow metal via hole or a solid metal hole, or a continuous metallized wall, and the shape of the metal via hole can be circular, square or other shapes.

Structurally, according to the same principle, the number of metallized via hole arrays 11 can be increased or decreased, and then the number and size of the slotted horn 4 can be changed, as long as the dielectric filled waveguide 14 can transmit the main mode and the opening of the slotted horn 4 The size can be up to about half of the operating wavelength.

According to the above, the present invention can be realized.

Claims (3)

1. Thin substrate slot line planar horn antenna, characterized in that the antenna includes a microstrip feeder (2), a substrate integrated horn antenna (3) and a plurality of slot line horns (4) arranged on a dielectric substrate (1) ; The first port (5) of the microstrip feeder (2) is the input and output port of the antenna, and the second port (6) of the microstrip feeder (2) is connected to the substrate integrated horn antenna (3); The chip integrated horn antenna (3) consists of a first metal plane (7) on one side of the dielectric substrate (1), a second metal plane (8) on the other side of the The first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8) are composed of two rows of metallized through-hole horn sidewalls (9), and the substrate integrated horn antenna (3) has two rows of metallized through-hole horn sidewalls (9) The width between them gradually increases to form a horn-shaped opening, and the end of the opening is the aperture surface (10) of the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3); there are multiple metallized via hole arrays in the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3) (11) Connect the first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8), the length of each metallized via array (11) is the same, the head end (12) of the metallized via array (11) is on the substrate Inside the integrated horn antenna (3), the tail end (13) of the metallized via hole array (11) is on the aperture surface (10) of the substrate integrated horn antenna (3); the adjacent two metallized via hole arrays ( 11), or a metallized via hole array (11) and a row of metallized via hole horn sidewalls (9) adjacent to it, and the first metal plane (7) and the second metal plane (8) form a dielectric filling A waveguide (14), each dielectric-filled waveguide (14) is connected with a slotted horn (4) outside the aperture surface (10); The thickness of the dielectric substrate (1) is less than two percent of the wavelength; Each slotted speaker (4) has a first radiation patch (17) and a second radiation patch (18) on both sides of the dielectric substrate (1), and the first radiation patch ( 17) Connect with the first metal plane (7) of the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3), the second radiation patch (18) of the slotted horn (4) and the second metal plane of the substrate-integrated horn antenna (3) (8) connected, the hypotenuse (19) of the first radiation patch (17) and the hypotenuse (20) of the second radiation patch (18) are gradually opened to form a trumpet-shaped opening; The width of the dielectric-filled waveguide (14) is such that the main mode of the electromagnetic wave can propagate in it without being cut off, and the opening size of the slot line horn (4) can reach about half of the working wavelength. The length of the dielectric-filled waveguide (14) is More than half the waveguide wavelength. 2. The thin-substrate grooved planar horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduction band (15) of the microstrip feeder (2) is in contact with the first metal plane (7), and the microstrip feeder (2) The ground plane (16) is in contact with the second metal plane (8). 3. The thin substrate slotted planar horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that among the metallized via hole horn sidewall (9) and the metallized via hole array (11), two adjacent The pitch of the metallized via holes should be less than or equal to one tenth of the working wavelength, so that the formed metallized via hole horn side wall (9) and the metallized via hole array (11) can be equivalent to electrical walls.