CN100418517C - 用作抗偏头痛剂的α-氨基酰胺衍生物 - Google Patents
用作抗偏头痛剂的α-氨基酰胺衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100418517C CN100418517C CNB2003801088908A CN200380108890A CN100418517C CN 100418517 C CN100418517 C CN 100418517C CN B2003801088908 A CNB2003801088908 A CN B2003801088908A CN 200380108890 A CN200380108890 A CN 200380108890A CN 100418517 C CN100418517 C CN 100418517C
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- Prior art keywords
- headache
- migraine
- benzylamino
- alpha
- treatment
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
本发明公开了可用作抗偏头痛剂的α-氨基酰胺衍生物,特别是用于治疗头痛病症,诸如偏头痛、丛集性头痛或其它严重头痛。本发明的抗偏头痛剂可以减轻或者甚至停止源自这些病症的疼痛,而且基本上没有任何副作用。
Description
本发明涉及用作抗偏头痛剂的α-氨基酰胺衍生物;特别是,本发明涉及α-氨基酰胺衍生物在制备治疗头痛病症的药物中的应用,这些头痛病症诸如为偏头痛、丛集性头痛或其它严重头痛。
国际头痛分类基本上将头痛病症分为两大类:原发性和继发性头痛。
原发性头痛疾病包括,例如:偏头痛、头痛、紧张性头痛和丛集性头痛。
继发性头痛疾病基本上是由其它器质性障碍引起的,诸如感染、代谢障碍或其它系统性疾病。
偏头痛性头痛(也简称为偏头痛)和丛集性头痛都是众所周知的疾病。参考文献中有关于它们的广泛背景信息,诸如“Headache inClinical Practice”(Silberstein S.等主编,牛津大学出版社,1998)以及Rapoport A.和Sheftell F.编著的“Headache Disorders:A Management Guide for Practitioners”(Saunders W.B.,费城,1996)。关于偏头痛(和下面所述的丛集性头痛,以及其它类型头痛)的各种定义、分类和诊断标准是按照国际头痛学会(IHS)认可并发布的标准化标准确定的,此标准化标准在1988年作为头痛(Cephalalgia)杂志的增刊发表。
尽管出现了“曲坦”药物,已知它们可直接作用于血管收缩,包括舒马曲坦(也用于治疗丛集性头痛)、纳拉曲坦、佐米曲坦和利扎曲坦,但对于原发性和继发性头痛疾病两者来说,仍没有足够安全、快速、可靠和满意的治疗,其中原发性头痛疾病诸如为周期性偏头痛和丛集性头痛,继发性头痛疾病诸如为继发于感染、代谢障碍或其它系统性疾病的头痛。
影响使用曲坦类治疗(以及其它已知治疗,例如包括应用麦角胺类似物的那些治疗)的难题和限制可有许多原因;典型地,主要缺点包括:(i)有各种类型心血管问题的患者不能安全地服用曲坦类药物;(ii)反复采用任何单一治疗的大量患者处于一种实质性危险,即出现耐受性,它可导致加重的慢性甚至持续的头痛;(iii)缓解达到可评估的水平经常需要大大超过半小时以上;以及(iv)治疗后即刻患者经常需要安静地休息数小时,这样他或她当天重返工作或者完成任何其它建设性事情都是非常困难或不可能的。
WO 98/25594公开了3,5-二氨基-6-(2,3-二氯苯基)-1,2,4-三嗪或其药物可接受的盐在制备用于治疗和/或预防偏头痛的药物中的应用,它是一种抗惊厥剂,也称为拉莫三嗪。
WO 99/26614公开了取代的2-氨基乙酰胺化合物,优选α,α′-二取代,以治疗或改善疼痛;鉴于所述化合物作为钠通道阻滞剂的活性,其中还公开了其治疗由钠离子流入介导的多种疾病和病症的用途,其中即例举了偏头痛。
但是,已知神经血管机理引起的头痛对止痛剂的治疗反应不满意,相反,抗偏头痛化合物诸如曲坦不具有一般的止痛特性(Steiner T.J.,Findley L.J.,Yuen A.W.:″Lamotrigine versus placeboin the prophylaxis of migraine with and without aura″,Cephalgia1997,17:109-12;Saxena P.R.,Den Boer M.O.:″Pharmacologyof antimigraine drugs″,J.Neurology 1991,238 Suppl.1:S28-35);因此,根据疼痛模型不能预知抗偏头痛的特性。
另外,本申请人发现WO 99/26614公开的大多数取代的2-氨基乙酰胺化合物不是有效的抗偏头痛剂,因此不能凭借它们被认为是钠通道阻滞剂而合理地预知它们可用于治疗偏头痛,以及一般说来可用于治疗钠离子流入介导的疾病和病症。
考虑到既不能根据疼痛模型,也不能凭借化合物的钠通道阻滞活性来预知抗偏头痛特性,那么医学上仍存在对改进医学治疗的巨大需要,此改进的治疗可快速缓解原发性和继发性头痛,特别是急性偏头痛或丛集性头痛的强烈疼痛,而且这些治疗不伴有偏头痛复发、延迟(lingering)镇静、不良副作用或对诸如心血管疾病患者健康风险增高的问题。
本发明的主要目的是公开和提供一种快速高效的治疗方法,以治疗原发性头痛疾病包括偏头痛,诸如紧张性头痛、变换性(transformed)偏头痛或演化性(evolutive)疼痛和丛集性头痛,以及继发性头痛疾病,诸如感染、代谢障碍或其它系统性疾病引起的头痛和其它急性头痛,其方式是提供一种高效治疗,此治疗基本上没有不良副作用或延迟的后作用(诸如困倦、醉酒状、定向力障碍、恶心等等),因此使患者在开始此治疗后一小时内可以驾驶、工作或完成任何其它正常活动。
本发明的另一个目的是公开和提供一种治疗慢性和/或顽固性疼痛病症的方法,这些疼痛例如为f.i.,面部三叉神经痛,慢性发作性偏头痛等等,它们是由上述原发性和继发性头痛恶化引起的。
一般来说,在下文中,可按照本发明治疗的所有类型上述头痛疾病通称为“头痛病症”。
当在本说明书中使用时,术语“治疗”或措辞“疾病的治疗”指抑制这种疾病,也就是或者阻止其发展,或者使其缓解,或者使其消退,以及一旦作为这些疾病特征的症状开始出现就防止其发展。
通过充分阅读和理解下面说明书可清楚本发明的这些和其它目的,现在已发现通过在生产治疗头痛病症的药物中应用式(I)的α-氨基酰胺可达到本发明的这些和其它目的:
其中:
A为-(CH2)m-或-(CH2)n-X-,其中m为1或2;n为0、1或2;以及X为-O-、-S-或-NH-;
R为呋喃基、噻吩基、或者吡啶环或苯环,所述基团未被取代或者被一个或两个取代基取代,取代基独立地选自卤素、羟基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C3烷氧基和三氟甲基;
R1为氢或C1-C3烷基;
R2为氢或C1-C2烷基,未被取代或者被羟基或苯基取代;苯基,未被取代或者被一个或两个取代基取代,取代基独立地选自C1-C3烷基、卤素、羟基、C1-C2烷氧基或三氟甲基;
R3为氢或C1-C3烷基;
如果是这种情况,或者为单一异构体,或者为其混合物;或者其药物可接受的衍生物。
烷基和烷氧基可为支链或直链基团。卤素原子优选为氟、氯或溴,特别是氟或氯。
C1-C4烷基为直链或支链烷基;优选为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基或叔丁基;最优选为甲基或乙基。
C1-C3烷氧基为直链或支链烷氧基;优选为甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基;最优选为甲氧基或乙氧基。
例如,噻吩基环为2-或3-噻吩基环。
例如,吡啶基环为2-、3-或4-吡啶基环,特别是3-吡啶基环。
例如,呋喃基环为2-或3-呋喃基环。
取代的苯环优选被一个或两个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自卤素、C1-C3烷基和三氟甲基。
被羟基取代的C1-C2烷基优选为羟甲基或1-羟乙基。
被苯环取代的C1-C2烷基优选为苯甲基或苯乙基。
优选在上面式(I)中:
A为选自-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-O-、-CH2-S-、-CH2-CH2-O-的基团;
R为苯环,它未被取代或被一个或两个取代基取代,取代基独立地选自卤素、C1-C3烷基或甲氧基;或者为噻吩基环;
R1为氢或C1-C2烷基;
R2为氢或甲基,它未被取代或被羟基取代,或者为苯基,它未被取代或被C1-C2烷基、卤素、羟基、甲氧基或三氟甲基取代;以及
R3为氢或C1-C2烷基。
另一组优选的α-氨基酰胺包括上面式(I)的化合物,其中:
A为-CH2-O-、-CH2-S-或-CH2-CH2-;
R为苯环,它未被取代或者被一个或两个卤原子取代;
R1为氢;
R2为氢或甲基,它未被取代或者被羟基取代,或为苯环,未被取代或者被卤原子取代;
R3为氢或甲基。
本发明优选的α-氨基酰胺为:
2-(4-苄氧基苄基氨基)丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]丙酰胺;
2-[4-(4-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-N-甲基-丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-N-甲基-丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-丙酰胺;
2-(4-苄氧基苄基氨基)-3-羟基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-3-羟基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-(4-(2-噻吩基亚甲氧基(methylenoxy))苄基氨基)-丙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-(3-氟苯基)乙基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺;
2-[4-苄基硫代苄基氨基]-丙酰胺;
2-[4-苄氧基苄基氨基]-3-苯基-N-甲基丙酰胺;
2-[4-苄氧基苄基氨基]-N-甲基丁酰胺;
2-[4-苄氧基苄基氨基]-2-苯基-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-苯基-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-苯基-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-苯基-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-(2-氟苯基)-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-(3-氟苯基)-乙酰胺;
2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-2-(3-氟苯基)-乙酰胺;
如果是这种情况,或者为单一异构体,或者为其混合物;或者其药物可接受的衍生物。
在本发明中,最优选下面的α-氨基酰胺:(S)-(+)-2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺(内部代码及下文为NW-1015)、(S)-(+)-2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺(内部代码及下文为NW-1029)和(S)-(+)-2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺(内部代码及下文为NW-1039)。
WO 90/14334、WO 94/22808、WO 97/05102、WO 99/26614、WO99/35123和WO 99/35125中公开了式(I)的α-氨基酰胺及其止痛活性,特别是对于哺乳动物包括人的慢性和神经病性疼痛;就所述α-氨基酰胺的制备而言,可按照所述文件中公开的方法制备上面式(I)的任意α-氨基酰胺,这些文件在此引用为参考文献。
WO 90/14334、WO 94/22808、WO 97/05102、WO 97/05111公开了取代的苄基氨基酰胺化合物,它们作用于中枢神经系统,而且可用作抗-癫痫剂、抗-帕金森氏病剂、神经保护剂、抗抑郁剂、解痉催眠剂(Pevarello P.,Bonsignori A.,Doster P.,Heidempergher F.,Pinciroli V.,Colombo M.,McArthur R.A.,Salvati P.,PostC.,Fariello R.G.和Varasi M.:″Synthesis and anticonvulsantactivity of a new class of 2-[(arylalkyl)amino]alkanamidederivatives″,J.Med.Chemistry 1998,41:579-590)。
WO 99/35123和WO 99/35125公开了取代的苄基氨基丙酰胺化合物,其作用于中枢神经系统,而且可用作止痛剂。已经表明,WO99/35123和WO 99/35125公开的α-氨基酰胺是钠通道阻滞剂,对某些动物疼痛模型具有止痛作用(Faravelli L.,Maj R.,Veneroni O.,Fariello R.G.,Benatti L.,Salvati P.,Society forNeuroscience 2000;26(1):1218)。
本发明的另一方面涉及在有此需要的哺乳动物包括人中治疗头痛病症的方法,此方法包括给该哺乳动物应用治疗有效剂量的至少一种式(I)的α-氨基酰胺或者其药物可接受的盐,式(I)的α-氨基酰胺定义如上。
特别是,对于需要上述治疗的哺乳动物来说,所应用的上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺剂量为约0.05-20mg/kg体重/天;优选为约0.5-10mg/kg/天;最优选为约0.5-5mg/kg/天。
由此可抑制、减轻和预防哺乳动物包括人的头痛病症。可应用上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺治疗的哺乳动物头痛病症的实例是与脑血管扩张机理有关的那些头痛,而且既包括原发性头痛疾病,也包括继发性头痛疾病;特别是,源自急性偏头痛或丛集性头痛的强烈疼痛或者源自血管机理的原发性头痛疾病,和源自感染、代谢障碍或其它系统性疾病的继发性头痛疾病。
尤其是,可应用上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺治疗的头痛病症的实例包括偏头痛(migraine),例如急性、变换性或血管性偏头痛;头痛,例如急性、丛集性、演化性或紧张性头痛;神经痛,例如三叉神经痛;偏头痛(hemicrania),例如慢性发作性偏头痛;面神经痛和蛛网膜炎。
另外,上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的“药物可接受的衍生物”在此意在包括任何药物可接受的代谢物、生物前体和/或前药,即结构式与上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺结构式不同的化合物,然而一旦将其应用于哺乳动物,尤其是人时,则在体内直接或间接转化为具有其结构式的化合物。
上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的药物可接受衍生物实例包括与无机酸或有机酸形成的酸加成盐,无机酸例如为硝酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸和磷酸等,有机酸例如为乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、乳酸、丙二酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、杏仁酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸和水杨酸等。
可将上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺作为药物可接受组合物的“活性成分”来应用,可通过本领域已知的常规方法制备此组合物,例如将活性成分与药物可接受的、无治疗作用的有机和/或无机载体材料混合。
可采用多种剂型来应用包括上述α-氨基酰胺的组合物,例如口服给药,采用片剂、锭剂、胶囊、糖衣或薄膜包衣片、液体溶液、乳剂或悬浮剂;直肠给药,采用栓剂;胃肠外给药,例如通过肌内或静脉内注射或滴注;以及经皮给药。
适用于此组合物制备的药物可接受的、无治疗作用的有机和/或无机载体材料包括例如水、明胶、阿拉伯胶、乳糖、淀粉、纤维素、硬脂酸镁、滑石、植物油、聚亚烷基二醇等。可对包含上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的组合物进行灭菌,它还可含有本领域技术人员所熟知的其它成分,例如防腐剂、稳定剂、湿润剂或乳化剂,例如石蜡油、一油酸二缩甘露醇酯,调节渗透压的盐、缓冲剂等。
例如,固体口服形式中与活性成分一起可含有稀释剂,例如乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、纤维素、玉米淀粉或马铃薯淀粉;润滑剂,例如二氧化硅、滑石、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙和/或聚乙二醇;粘合剂,例如淀粉、阿拉伯胶、明胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;分散剂,例如淀粉、藻酸、藻酸盐或羟基乙酸淀粉钠;泡腾混合物;染料;增甜剂;湿润剂,诸如卵磷脂、聚山梨醇酯类、硫酸月桂酯类;以及一般而言药用制剂中所用的无毒、药理学无活性的物质。可按照已知的方法生产所述药用制剂,例如混合、成粒、压片、包糖衣或薄膜包衣方法。
口服制剂包括缓释制剂,可按常规方法制备缓释制剂,例如将肠溶衣涂在片剂和颗粒上。
用于口服给药的液体分散体可为例如糖浆剂、乳剂和悬浮液。
糖浆剂所含载体例如为蔗糖或者为含甘油和/或甘露醇和/或山梨醇的蔗糖。
悬浮液和乳剂所含载体可为例如天然树胶、琼脂、藻酸钠、果胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素或聚乙烯醇。用于肌内注射的悬浮液或溶液中与活性成分一起可含有药物可接受的载体,例如无菌水、橄榄油、油酸乙酯、例如丙二醇的二醇类,以及如果需要可含有适量的盐酸利多卡因。用于静脉注射或滴注的溶液所含载体可为例如无菌水,或者它们的形式可优选为无菌含水等渗盐水溶液。
栓剂中与活性成分一起可含有药物可接受的载体,例如可可脂、聚乙二醇、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯表面活性剂或卵磷脂。
包含上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的组合物通常为剂量单位形式,含有例如35-350mg活性成分/单位剂型。
根据清除率,适宜的治疗每天给予1、2或3次。因此,可在单剂量中给予所需剂量,或者以均分剂量按适当时间间隔给药,例如每天2个至4个或更多分剂量。优选在偏头痛发作前开始进行治疗,并无限期持续治疗。
包含上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的药用组合物,每个剂量单位中可含有约35-约350mg活性成分,此剂量单位例如为胶囊、片剂、粉末注射剂、一茶匙量、栓剂等。
本领域熟练技术人员可容易地确定应当给予的最佳治疗有效剂量,并且所述剂量将主要随制剂强度、给药方式和所治疾病或病症的进展程度而变化。另外,与接受治疗的特定受试者相关的因素要求将剂量调节至适当的治疗有效水平,这些因素包括受试者年龄、体重、饮食和给药时间。
上述本发明的应用和方法所产生的优势很多,包括可能预防和治疗基本上所有类型的偏头痛、丛集性头痛或其它严重头痛,以及可能快速而高效地减轻或完全中止头痛所致的疼痛;尤其是原发性和继发性头痛疾病或者其它系统性疾病,以及其它急性头痛。
此外,本发明的应用和方法几乎未表现出任何不良副作用或者延迟的后作用(诸如困倦、醉酒状、定向力障碍、恶心或其它类似问题),因此在这种治疗开始后1小时内允许患者能够驾驶、工作或完成任何其它正常活动。
下面实施例对本发明进行举例说明,并不是对其进行限制。
实施例1
应用药学领域常用的和本领域熟练技术人员已知的方法,混合下列组分,由此制备以下药用组合物,以及实施例2和3中的药用组合物,它们包含上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺。
一个35-mg胶囊含有:
NW-1015 35.00mg
交聚维酮 4.37mg
微晶纤维素 5.95mg
硬脂酸镁 0.17mg
胶体二氧化硅 0.18mg
实施例2
一个100-mg胶囊含有:
NW-1015 100.00mg
交聚维酮 7.50mg
微晶纤维素 8.95mg
硬脂酸镁 1.50mg
胶体二氧化硅 0.30mg
实施例3
一个175-mg胶囊含有:
NW-1015 175.00mg
交聚维酮 13.05mg
微晶纤维素 15.57mg
硬脂酸镁 2.61mg
胶体二氧化硅 0.49mg
药理学
下文中所报告的动物模型的血管性偏头痛和相关疾病的研究,已经证实上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺的抗偏头痛活性。
局部皮质血流(CBF)的研究[Reuter U.,Sanchez del Rio M.,Moskowitz M.A.,″Experimental models of migraine″,Functionalneurology(15)Suppl.39-18,2000;Magnus L.,″Nonepilepticuses of gabapentin.Experience″,Epilepsia,1999;40(Suppl.6)S66-72;discussion S73-S74;Peitl B.,G.,PórszászR.,Németh J.和Szolcs ányi J.,″Capsaicin-insensitivesensory-efferent meningeal vasodilatation evoked by electricalstimulation of trigeminal nerve fibres in the rat″]已经表明,在偏头痛的头痛期,大的颅外和颅内动脉均发生扩张。此事件与逆向活化相关,其结果是血管活性神经肽的释放,并且此事件还与三叉神经纤维的顺向活化相关,伴随神经元活性增强。
已经发现,上述α-氨基酰胺在抑制电刺激大鼠三叉神经节眼支引起的脑血管扩张中发挥作用,因此,认为它可用作抗偏头痛剂。
一般方法
动物和手术
用溶于盐水的戊巴比妥钠(50mg/kg i.p.)麻醉雄性Wistar大鼠(250-350g)。
对气管和左股动脉进行插管,分别用以人工通气(55次/分钟)和测量平均血压(MBP)。对股静脉进行插管,用以静脉内应用试验药物。通过自动控制加热垫,使体温保持在37-38℃。
将动物置于立体定位架中,在头皮中作纵向切口。在头颅骨上钻孔,将不锈钢双极电极(Plastic One MS 306)放进三叉神经节的左眼支(前囟背侧3.8mm、正中线侧方2.5mm、在硬脑膜表面下9.5mm),并用牙用粘固粉固定。
通过短暂电刺激确认电极放置正确,此电刺激可引起颌运动,这是由于激活了三叉神经纤维。除去脑后,在每次实验结束时通过肉眼检查电极在纤维中的正确位置。
在电极同侧钻第二个孔(距前囟嘴侧1.5mm、矢状缝侧向1.5mm),固定激光多普勒流量计的探针(针尖直径0.8mm),其尖端指向大脑中动脉(MCA)的分支上,并通过PeriFlux 4001激光多普勒系统在线记录脑血流(CBF)的变化。
通过静脉内推注神经肌肉阻滞剂泮库溴铵(0.6mg/kg i.v.),而防止三叉神经节电刺激期间肌肉运动所致的激光多普勒读数的伪迹。在整个实验过程中,滴注戊巴比妥钠和泮库溴铵(分别为12.5mg/kg/h和2.4mg/kg/h)保持麻醉和神经肌肉阻滞。
实验方案
在手术结束时,暂停30分钟,以稳定测量参数。
用0.5msec长,1-10Hz,0.5-1mA的矩形脉冲进行电刺激30秒,以增加静息CBF。2次平均给药前刺激后,应用赋形剂或药物。
在第二次基础刺激后,静脉内应用本发明的代表α-氨基酰胺化合物NW-1015、NW-1029、NW-1039,和比较对象2-(4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基)-2-甲基-丙酰胺(内部代码为NW1050,下文同此)、2-(4-(4-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基)-2-甲基-丙酰胺(内部代码为NW1055,下文同此,也是WO 99/26614中试验的一种化合物)、4-(4′-氟苯氧基)苯甲醛缩氨基脲(下文称为Co102862,WO 00/61188中试验的化合物)及赋形剂,记录治疗后5、15、30和60分钟时对电刺激引起的流量的反应。
NW-1015的应用剂量为1、2和5mg/kg;NW-1029的应用剂量为5和10mg/kg;NW-1039的应用剂量为2和5mg/kg;而NW-1050、NW-1055和Co102862的应用剂量均为20mg/kg。
将给药后所得反应与赋形剂组进行比较,结果报告为对引起的CBF的抑制百分率。通过协方差分析(ANCOVA)比较所得数据,然后进行Dunnet检验。
结果
观察试验化合物的抗偏头痛作用,并测量为静脉内施用上述代表性化合物后对控制条件下引发的CBF的抑制百分率。数据报告在下面表1中,它们显示试验化合物对CBF反应的抑制活性,此CBF反应是由电刺激三叉神经节左眼支而引起的。
表1
经Dunnett′s t检验*p<0.05,**p<0.01
结果(每组4/6只大鼠的均值±S.E.)表示为,与赋形剂相比,对引发的CBF反应的抑制百分率。
NW-1015显示出长期持续的i.v.活性,它降低引发的CBF可达给药后60分钟。同样,NW-1029与赋形剂相比降低引发的CBF可达给药后60分钟。与赋形剂组相比,试验剂量的NW-1039使引发的CBF反应下降。
NW-1055在20mg/kg下轻度抑制引发的CBF,但这种抑制与赋形剂处理组比较,未达到统计学显著的差异。NW-1050和Co102862在20mg/kg下完全没有活性。
上面数据证实WO 99/26614公开的代表性取代的2-氨基乙酰胺化合物不是有效的抗偏头痛剂,因此不能凭借识别这些化合物是钠通道阻滞剂就合理预测它们具有这种活性。特别是,优选的α,α’-二-取代的乙酰胺(2-甲基丙酰胺衍生物)比上述式(I)的酰胺效力低得多。
上面生物学活性证实,上述式(I)的α-氨基酰胺可用作抗偏头痛剂,特别是,用于治疗涉及脑血管扩张机理的头痛病症。
Claims (4)
1. α-氨基酰胺在制备用于治疗涉及脑血管扩张机理的头痛病症的药物中的应用,其中α-氨基酰胺选自(S)-(+)-2-[4-(3-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺、(S)-(+)-2-[4-(2-氟苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺和(S)-(+)-2-[4-(3-氯苄氧基)苄基氨基]-丙酰胺。
2. 按照权利要求1的应用,其中头痛病症是原发性头痛疾病和继发性头痛疾病两者。
3. 按照权利要求1的应用,其中头痛病症包括migraine、头痛、hemicrania。
4. 按照权利要求3的应用,其中migraine为急性、变换性或血管性偏头痛;头痛为急性、丛集性、演化性或紧张性头痛;hemicrania为慢性发作性偏头痛。
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CN107522654B (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2020-09-01 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 | 新的α-氨基酰胺衍生物及其医药用途 |
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