The return of the subject in the social sciences reflects growing interest in the study of subjectivity. This refers to opportunities for individuals to make meaning of their lives within the institutions of society. MERRIL and WEST’s... more
The return of the subject in the social sciences reflects growing interest in the study of subjectivity. This refers to opportunities for individuals to make meaning of their lives within the institutions of society. MERRIL and WEST’s text serves as a reference for using biographical methods, as well as a reflection on the methodological and ethical issues inherent in doing this type of research. This review examines the relationship between the book's content and its formal characteristics (didactic style, writing style and its interdisciplinary nature). This review also focuses on the advantages that this textbook may offer if used in qualitative research courses in general and, specifically, in courses dealing with biographical research methods. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1201104
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Prior exposure of isolated perifused rat islets to 20 mM glucose or 10 mM glyceraldehyde amplifies their subsequent insulin secretory response to 10 mM glucose. The involvement of phosphoinositide turnover in the induction of this... more
Prior exposure of isolated perifused rat islets to 20 mM glucose or 10 mM glyceraldehyde amplifies their subsequent insulin secretory response to 10 mM glucose. The involvement of phosphoinositide turnover in the induction of this "time-dependent potentiation" (TDP) was investigated. In islets in which inositol-containing phospholipids were prelabeled with myo-[2-3H]inositol, the addition of 20 mM glucose augments the efflux of 3H. This effect persists for approximately 50 min after the cessation of stimulation. Direct measurements of labeled inositol phosphate accumulation confirmed that this increase in 3H efflux is primarily the result of a persistent increase in phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis and not due to the slow efflux and/or degradation of performed [3H]inositol phosphates. The duration of the increase in 3H efflux parallels the duration of TDP. Mannoheptulose abolishes both the increase in 3H efflux evoked by 20 mM glucose and TDP. The omission of extracellular...
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This study explores the incorporation of sildenafil into treatment of the common conditions of psychosexual and erectile dysfunction (ED). The 2002 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care... more
This study explores the incorporation of sildenafil into treatment of the common conditions of psychosexual and erectile dysfunction (ED). The 2002 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were analyzed for visits in which sildenafil was prescribed. Patient, visit, and provider characteristics for visits in which sildenafil was prescribed were compared between visits that documented a presenting complaint or diagnosis consistent with ED and those without documentation consistent with ED. Of visits by men 30 years or older receiving sildenafil, 50% had no documented presenting complaint or diagnosis consistent with ED. No significant differences were found between those prescribed sildenafil with or without a reason for visit or diagnosis of ED based on age, race, or payment type. Individuals with more visits in the last 12 months were significantly less likely to have a recorded diagnosis consistent with ED. Urologists document...
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Clinicians often obtain a panel of lipids but then only use low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to make clinical decisions. We previously described the multiple lipid measure, a strategy that integrates information about seven lipid... more
Clinicians often obtain a panel of lipids but then only use low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to make clinical decisions. We previously described the multiple lipid measure, a strategy that integrates information about seven lipid measures. Our current inquiry uses the multiple lipid measure to create a scoring system and validates that system in a second cohort. A scoring system that uses total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides was developed and tested. African-American participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study were used to validate the multiple lipid measure score. For nonsmokers, scores > or = 2 had a hazard ratio of 4.25 (95% CI 1.92-9.40) compared to reference scores of < or = -3 in adjusted survival analysis predicting incident coronary heart disease risk in the ARIC. The best conventional single lipid measure for nonsmokers was LDL cholesterol. Compared to LDL cholesterol <100...
Research Interests: Epidemiology, Prediction, Risk, Public Health, Risk assessment, and 15 moreMedicine, Lipids, Humans, Internal Medicine, Cholesterol, Cohort, African Americans, Middle Aged, Risk Factor, Risk Assessment, Coronary Artery Disease, Lipid Profile, Predictive value of tests, health status indicators, and Medical and Health Sciences
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are recommended as first-line choices for both nulliparous and parous adolescents by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG). This study describes use of IUDs and knowledge regarding IUD use in... more
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are recommended as first-line choices for both nulliparous and parous adolescents by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG). This study describes use of IUDs and knowledge regarding IUD use in adolescents in South Carolina family medicine residency programs. Faculty and residents in South Carolina Area Health Education Consortium (SC AHEC) Family Medicine Residency Programs received an anonymous survey including questions about current use of IUDs and scenarios where they were asked whether they would recommend an IUD. Proportions were compared using chi-square or Fisher's Exact Test. Modified Wald method was utilized to calculate 95% confidence intervals. The survey response rate was 53.8% (n=133). Most respondents (78%) prescribed IUDs and 42% inserted them, but ≥ 90% reported only prescribing or inserting ≤ 10 yearly. In scenarios where IUD recommendation was appropriate, only 27% (95% CI: 20.2-35.2) recommended IUDs for a sexuall...
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In July of 2003, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) adopted requirements limiting the duty hours of resident physicians. The impact of these restrictions on education and patient care activities is not clear.... more
In July of 2003, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) adopted requirements limiting the duty hours of resident physicians. The impact of these restrictions on education and patient care activities is not clear. The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of graduates of family medicine residency programs immediately prior to and following implementation of duty hours regarding preparedness to practice and board certification status, as well as current patient care activities. Surveys of graduates of family medicine residency programs in South Carolina were conducted. Preparation for practice and professional activities of program graduates prior to (1999--2003) and following (2005--2009) implementation of duty hours were compared. Response rates were 54.4% and 53.1%, respectively. No significant differences by survey years in the average age, gender, or race was noted. Recent graduates felt as well prepared for practice in most curricular areas...
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Research Interests: Family Medicine, Health insurance, Medicine, England, Humans, and 15 moreInsulin, Diabetes mellitus, Female, Male, Comparative Analysis, Diabetes Management, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Health surveys, Healthcare system, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Health Survey, ACE Inhibitor, and Health Services Accessibility
Research Interests: Demography, Quality of Mental Health Care, Treatment Outcome, Medicine, Humans, and 14 moreDiabetes mellitus, United States, Female, Male, Ethnic Groups, Middle Aged, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Ethnic Group, Disease Management, Health Services Accessibility, Health Care Surveys, Quality of health care, and Interviews as topic
Research Interests: Primary Health Care, Risk assessment, Medicine, Humans, Cox Regression, and 15 moreFemale, Male, The, Cohort, Risk factors, ROC Curve, Middle Aged, Receiving Operating Characteristic, Coronary heart disease, Morbidity, Public health systems and services research, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, and Medical Records
To examine changes in the initiation of prenatal care by teenage girls in the United States between 1978 and 2003. Using birth certificate data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics from 1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, and... more
To examine changes in the initiation of prenatal care by teenage girls in the United States between 1978 and 2003. Using birth certificate data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics from 1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, and 2003 we described initiation of prenatal care in preteens (aged 10-14 years), young adolescents (aged 15-16), and older adolescents (aged 17-19) by the trimester in which care began. Although all three age groups showed trends toward earlier prenatal care, shifts to earlier prenatal care were mainly the result of more girls starting care in the first trimester and fewer in the second trimester. Younger teens were more likely to delay prenatal care or to receive no prenatal care for every year studied. Less education and prior births were also associated with increased likelihood of receiving delayed care. Shifts in timing of prenatal care initiation occurred in the U.S from 1978 to 2003. Much of the change corresponded to expanded eligibility in Medicaid coverage, suggesting that lack of health care coverage was a significant impediment to early prenatal care.
Research Interests: Education, Adolescent Health, Adolescent, Medicine, Humans, and 15 moreChild, Age, Female, Medicaid, Health Statistics, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Maternal Age, Birth Certificate, Gestation, Adolescent Behavior, Likelihood Functions, Logistic Models, Health Care Surveys, and Medical and Health Sciences
1. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2010 Nov;10(8):969-971. Telomere length as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease: the next big thing? Mainous AG, Diaz VA. Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 295 Calhoun... more
1. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2010 Nov;10(8):969-971. Telomere length as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease: the next big thing? Mainous AG, Diaz VA. Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 295 Calhoun Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. ...
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Research Interests: Medicine, Biological Sciences, DDT, Environmental Sciences, Humans, and 15 moreDiabetes mellitus, Female, Male, Liver Function, Body Mass Index, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Adult, Age Factors, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental, Logistic Models, Environmental Exposure, Confidence Interval, Dioxins, and Kidney Function
Research Interests: Environmental Health, Medicine, Disease Outbreaks, Population, Humans, and 15 moreDiabetes mellitus, Incidence, Risk factors, Ethnic Groups, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Population Model, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Risk Factors, Cost of Illness, High risk, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
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Research Interests: Medicine, Humans, Internal Medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Female, and 15 moreMale, Ethnic Groups, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, European Continental Ancestry Group, Indexation, Albuminuria, Coronary Artery Disease, Cross Sectional Studies, Ethnic Difference, Carotid Stenosis, Ankle brachial index, and Impaired fasting glucose
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Research Interests: Demography, Health Behavior, Gerontology, Life Style, Acculturation, and 15 moreMedicine, Logistic Regression, Humans, Diabetes mellitus, Female, Male, Exercise, Food habits, Adult, Diabetes complications, Cross Sectional Studies, Confidence Interval, attitude to health, Health Services Accessibility, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Iron overload is associated with significant morbidity and mortality yet is easily treated. The objective of this study was to create a tool that could be easily adapted to clinical practice that indicates the likelihood of a patient... more
Iron overload is associated with significant morbidity and mortality yet is easily treated. The objective of this study was to create a tool that could be easily adapted to clinical practice that indicates the likelihood of a patient having undetected iron overload. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002 for US adults aged 20 years and older to build a model (unweighted n=8,779). We chose potential variables for inclusion that could be gathered by self-report or measured without laboratory data and were suggested by past literature on hemochromatosis and iron overload. We computed logistic regressions to create the scores by initially evaluating the variables&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; relationship with elevated ferritin and elevated transferrin saturation and then using odds ratios to correspond to scores. The resulting score on the IRon Overload ScreeNing Tool (IRON) was then validated with data on 13,844 adults in the NHANES III, 1988-94. Predictors in the final tool were age, gender, previous diagnoses of liver condition, osteoporosis or thyroid disease. The IRON score yielded an area under the curve (AUC) in the NHANES 1999-02 of 0.720 and an AUC of 0.685 in the NHANES III validation sample. The IRON score is a tool to assist in identification of patients with iron overload that has several qualities that make it attractive for use in clinical practice with an undifferentiated patient population including brevity, easily collected information and predictive ability comparable to other tools that help in directing screening.