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Background: Current treatments for pemphigus and Behcet's disease, such as corticosteroids, have long-term serious adverse effects. Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of biologic agents... more
Background: Current treatments for pemphigus and Behcet's disease, such as corticosteroids, have long-term serious adverse effects. Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of biologic agents (biopharmaceuticals manufactured via a biological source) on the treatment of intraoral lesions associated with pemphigus and Behcet's disease compared to glucocorticoids or placebo. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for randomized controlled studies up to January 2019. Bias was assessed with the risk of bias tool. Results: Out of 740 references retrieved, only four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, comprised of a total of 158 subjects (138 pemphigus and 20 Behcet's disease). All studies were assessed at high risk of bias. Heterogeneity of data prevented the authors from performing a meta-analysis. Infliximab or rituximab with short-term prednisone showed higher safety and lowered cumul...
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The purpose of this study was to compare learning need reports generated by students during their investigation of a problem-based learning (PBL) case with the faculty-identified learning objectives established for it. Four PBL cases... more
The purpose of this study was to compare learning need reports generated by students during their investigation of a problem-based learning (PBL) case with the faculty-identified learning objectives established for it. Four PBL cases facilitated by four group tutors were selected for comparison. The student-generated learning needs were collected for each and were compared to the faculty-specified learning outcomes. The results were analyzed by individual case and compared among the four student groups. Over 96 percent of the faculty-specified objectives across all four cases and across all four groups of students were covered by the student-generated learning need reports. Only one of the four cases demonstrated a statistically significant difference between small groups with regard to percent coverage of the stated case objectives. Our data agree with previous research findings. Although there was some variability in the learning objectives investigated by student small groups studying the same case, the faculty-specified case objectives were included in the student-generated learning needs. First-trimester dental students were capable of generating learning needs that produced an excellent match with the faculty objectives for the cases studied.
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This article examines an autonomous virtual patient (AVP) system for identifying differences between novices and experts in dentistry. The two groups in the study were ten boarded or board-eligible experts (seven males, three females;... more
This article examines an autonomous virtual patient (AVP) system for identifying differences between novices and experts in dentistry. The two groups in the study were ten boarded or board-eligible experts (seven males, three females; mean±sd age 40±11) and twenty-six fourth-year dental students (fifteen males, eleven females; mean±sd age 27±3), who were defined as novices. All participants interviewed and mock-examined four randomly selected AVPs who had either orofacial pain or an oral medicine problem; they then selected needed diagnostic tests, diagnoses, treatments, and medications. The mean misrecognition rate of the software was between 13 and 19 percent. Data collected were examined for a difference between the two groups (novices versus experts) on multiple variables. Significant group differences existed in the final total score, the number of diagnostic tests ordered, and the number of medications selected. Novices reported that they found virtual patients to be a valuable educational experience. These data demonstrated that experts and novices asked essentially the same questions and spent similar amounts of time with the patients, yet the experts consistently scored higher and ordered fewer diagnostic tests and medications than the novices.
Research Interests: Dentistry, Educational Technology, Medicine, Dental Education, Software, and 15 moreHumans, Computer Simulation, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Mouth Neoplasms, Mouth Diseases, Adult, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Physical examination, Patient Simulation, Dentists, Dental Students, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, and Interviews as topic
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This systematic review aimed to analyze the efficacy of corticosteroid premedication compared to placebo or no treatment to reduce postoperative pain in endodontic patients. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing corticosteroids... more
This systematic review aimed to analyze the efficacy of corticosteroid premedication compared to placebo or no treatment to reduce postoperative pain in endodontic patients. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing corticosteroids via oral, intramuscular, subperiosteal, intraligamentary or intracanal route compared to passive or active placebo, or no treatment were included. Four databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase up to 2/21/2018. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane Risk of bias tool. Fourteen RCTs with 1,462 generally healthy adults in need of endodontic treatment were included. 50% of the studies were at unclear risk and 50% at high risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain at 4-6 hours after Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) was significantly lower by 21 points (0-100 scale) in the corticosteroid group compared to the control group (95% CI -35 to -7; P = 0.003), however this difference was not statistic...
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This systematic review evaluated the use of buffered versus non-buffered lidocaine to increase the efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). Randomized, double-blinded studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase,... more
This systematic review evaluated the use of buffered versus non-buffered lidocaine to increase the efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). Randomized, double-blinded studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ProQuest were identified. Two of the authors assessed the studies for risk of bias. Outcomes included onset time, injection pain on a visual analog scale (VAS), percentage of painless injections, and anesthetic success rate of IANB. The search strategy yielded 19 references. Eleven could be included in meta-analyses. Risk of bias was unclear in ten and high in one study. Buffered lidocaine showed 48 seconds faster onset time (95% confidence interval [CI], -42.06 to -54.40; P < 0.001) and 5.0 units lower (on a scale 0-100) VAS injection pain (95% CI, -9.13 to -0.77; P=0.02) than non-buffered. No significant difference was found on percentage of people with painless injection (P = 0.059), nor success rate (P = 0.290). Buffered lidocaine signif...
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The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the prognosis of patients with p16 expressing oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers to patients with p16 non-expressing cancers. Clinical outcomes that were evaluated... more
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the prognosis of patients with p16 expressing oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers to patients with p16 non-expressing cancers. Clinical outcomes that were evaluated included overall survival, local recurrence, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and event-free survival. The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (via Pubmed), and Web of Science. Publications were restricted to English language. Studies were limited to controlled clinical trials on the survival rates of patients with oropharyngeal tumors that were p16 expressing, compared to patients with p16 non-expressing tumors, and at least one clinical endpoint reported by trial authors (hazard ratios). Specific ascertainment criteria were applied for inclusion and exclusion of eligible studies. Data was independently extracted in duplicate. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Syst...
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ABSTRACT
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ABSTRACT In the advent of the ubiquity of distributed computing with multimedia capabilities, it is very natural to contemplate collaborations that were not previously possible. In the past scientists, doctors, educators, engineers always... more
ABSTRACT In the advent of the ubiquity of distributed computing with multimedia capabilities, it is very natural to contemplate collaborations that were not previously possible. In the past scientists, doctors, educators, engineers always had need to share, exchange, debate their work, designs, methodology, knowledge and experience. This was commonly done by attending meetings, publishing in common journals, sometimes books, and visiting each other&#39;s laboratories, research institutions, or attending lectures at universities. Recently, advances in computer vision, computer graphics and networking, make possible a new way of communication by immersing participants at remote sites into a common 3D virtual world. The 3D virtual world is high quality, realistic, dynamically updated representation which joins the models of the real worlds at each of the remote sites. This virtual world provides means for telecollaboration, it makes the real-time 3D interaction of people at remote locations possible. We describe the new “teleimmersion” technology. We concentrate on the current state of our research related to the problem of accurate, precise, real-time recovery of the individual remote 3D models, their merging into a common virtual world, and the real-time rendering of this world
Research Interests: Distributed Computing, Computer Graphics, Computer Vision, Publishing, Multimedia, and 13 moreVirtual Worlds, Real-time rendering, Virtual Reality, Computer Networking, Image Reconstruction, Doctoral education, Knowledge Engineering, Real Time Systems, Design Methodology, 3-D Reconstruction, Real Time, Computer Graphic, and Three dimensional Reconstruction
Detection of HIV infection provides an opportunity for transmission reduction and lifesaving treatment strategies. This study examined patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; willingness to take a routine, rapid oral HIV test if offered at a... more
Detection of HIV infection provides an opportunity for transmission reduction and lifesaving treatment strategies. This study examined patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; willingness to take a routine, rapid oral HIV test if offered at a dental school clinic. For fifteen days in 2011, an anonymous survey containing demographic information and willingness to be tested questions was offered to all patients awaiting treatment. A total of 383 of 443 people approached, answered the questionnaire (40.2% Hispanic, 27.2% Caucasian, and 19.3% African American) with 58.8% indicating that they had been previously tested for HIV (as compared to the California mean of 39.2%). Patients were highly likely to participate (84.0% of Hispanics, 63.6% of Caucasians, 80.0% of African Americans and 66.7% of Asians) in a free HIV rapid test when given the opportunity. Of respondents never tested before, 62.6% reported a willingness to be tested in this study. HIV screening in a dental clinic during routine visits may allow new undiagnosed cases to be detected with subsequent referral into medical treatment.
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on outcomes in patients treated with mandibular advancement devices Short title:
In this paper we address the problem of evaluating how accurate the Euclidean reconstruction using a self-calibration method can be. We focus on the self-calibration of a binocular head-eye system from four views with varying intrinsic... more
In this paper we address the problem of evaluating how accurate the Euclidean reconstruction using a self-calibration method can be. We focus on the self-calibration of a binocular head-eye system from four views with varying intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. The only information provided to the algorithm is the fundamental matrices [1] and the point correspondences between the four views. The
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A B S T R A C T Since dentists can be faced by unusual cases during their professional life, this article reviews the common orofacial disorders that are of concern to a dentist trying to diagnose the source of pain or dysfunction... more
A B S T R A C T Since dentists can be faced by unusual cases during their professional life, this article reviews the common orofacial disorders that are of concern to a dentist trying to diagnose the source of pain or dysfunction symptoms, providing an overview of the essential knowl- edge and usage of nowadays available advanced diagnostic imaging
Research Interests: Dentistry, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electron Tomography, Ultrasound, and 15 moreHumans, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Chronic Disease, Headache, Cda, Selection Criteria, Diagnostic Imaging, Radiation Exposure, Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD or TMD), Jaw Diseases, Soft Tissue, X ray Computed Tomography, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Salivary Gland Diseases, and Toothache
In this paper, we present a new technique for creating photorealistic textured 3D facial models from photographs. Starting with several pairs of calibrated views of a human subject, we first automatically recover a 3D dense reconstruction... more
In this paper, we present a new technique for creating photorealistic textured 3D facial models from photographs. Starting with several pairs of calibrated views of a human subject, we first automatically recover a 3D dense reconstruction for each pair. We employ a user-assisted technique to align these 3D meshes with a generic face mesh. A scattered data interpolation technique is
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PRECISION, REPEATABILITY AND VALIDATION OF INDIRECT 3D ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS WITH LIGHT-BASED IMAGING TECHNIQUES Reyes Enciso, Emanuel S. Alexandroni, Krystal Benyamein, Robert A. Keim, James Mah ... [3] Coombes A, Moss JP, Linney ...
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging against the histopathologic diagnosis for the differential diagnosis of periapical cysts (cavitated lesions) from... more
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging against the histopathologic diagnosis for the differential diagnosis of periapical cysts (cavitated lesions) from (solid) granulomas. Thirty-six periapical lesions were imaged using CBCT scans. Apicoectomy surgeries were conducted for histopathological examination. Evaluator 1 examined each CBCT scan for the presence of 6 radiologic characteristics of a cyst (ie, location, periphery, shape, internal structure, effects on surrounding structure, and perforation of the cortical plate). Not every cyst showed all radiologic features (eg, not all cysts perforate the cortical plate). For the purpose of finding the minimum number of diagnostic criteria present in a scan to diagnose a lesion as a cyst, we conducted 6 receiver operating characteristic curve analyses comparing CBCT diagnoses with the histopathologic diagnosis. Two other independent evaluators examined the CBC...
Research Interests: Biopsy, Humans, Cholesterol, Connective tissue, Differential Diagnosis, and 14 moreROC Curve, Granulation Tissue, Endodontics, Periapical Granuloma, Radicular Cyst, Observer Variation, Epithelium, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Erythrocytes, Area Under Curve, Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Keratins, and Giant Cells
In this paper, we present new developments in the area of 3D human jaw modeling and animation. CT (Computed Tomography) scans have traditionally been used to evaluate patients with dental implants, assess tumors, cysts, fractures and... more
In this paper, we present new developments in the area of 3D human jaw modeling and animation. CT (Computed Tomography) scans have traditionally been used to evaluate patients with dental implants, assess tumors, cysts, fractures and surgical procedures. More recently this data has been utilized to generate models. Researchers have reported semi-automatic techniques to segment and model the human jaw from CT images and manually segment the jaw from MRI images. Recently opto-electronic and ultrasonic-based systems (JMA from Zebris) have been developed to record mandibular position and movement. In this research project we introduce: (1) automatic patient-specific three-dimensional jaw modeling from CT data and (2) three-dimensional jaw motion simulation using jaw tracking data from the JMA system (Zebris).
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The objective of our research is to develop computer methods to accurately visualize patients in 3-dimensions using advanced imaging and data acquisition devices such as cone- beam CT (Computerized Tomography) and mandibular motion... more
The objective of our research is to develop computer methods to accurately visualize patients in 3-dimensions using advanced imaging and data acquisition devices such as cone- beam CT (Computerized Tomography) and mandibular motion capture. Data from these devices were integrated for 3D patient-specific visualization, modeling and animation. We are developing generic methods that can be used with common CT image
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Current methods to produce 3-dimensional tooth root models involve conversion from radiographic means (computed tomography) or creation using computer-assisted design (CAD) software. The former lacks detail while the second is manually... more
Current methods to produce 3-dimensional tooth root models involve conversion from radiographic means (computed tomography) or creation using computer-assisted design (CAD) software. The former lacks detail while the second is manually fabricated and can bear little resemblance to the original. Thin-plate splines have been used in morphometrics to define changes of shape between subjects of the same species. Herein, we use thin-plate splines to deform a 3D geometric prior model of a tooth to match 2D patient radiographs, producing a "best-fit" patient specific 3D geometric polygonal mesh of the tooth.
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This paper presents an experimental study for assessing the applicability of general-purpose 3D segmentation algorithms for analyzing dental periapical lesions in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. In the field of Endodontics,... more
This paper presents an experimental study for assessing the applicability of general-purpose 3D segmentation algorithms for analyzing dental periapical lesions in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. In the field of Endodontics, clinical studies have been unable to determine if a periapical granuloma can heal with non-surgical methods. Addressing this issue, Simon et al. recently proposed a diagnostic technique which non-invasively
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The main goal of self-calibration [2, 3, 8] is to compute the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of a camera without using a known pattern. In this paper we focus on the calibration of a binocular head-eye system from four views. The only... more
The main goal of self-calibration [2, 3, 8] is to compute the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of a camera without using a known pattern. In this paper we focus on the calibration of a binocular head-eye system from four views. The only information provided to the algorithm is the fundamental matrices [3] and the point correspondences between the 4 views.
We attempt to build a vision system that will allow dynamic 3D-perception of objects of interest. More specifically, we discuss the idea of using 3D visual cues when tracking a visual target, in order to recover some of its 3D... more
We attempt to build a vision system that will allow dynamic 3D-perception of objects of interest. More specifically, we discuss the idea of using 3D visual cues when tracking a visual target, in order to recover some of its 3D characteristics. The experimentation reported corresponds to an implementation of these general ideas by considering a calibrated robotic head. We analyse