Real-time rendering

Creating 3D vehicle model is complex process that requires basic knowledge of polygonal modeling.In this research, environment map is used as lighting with HDRI image.The final process of converting 3D scene to 2D image is called rendering.Image data will be obtained in four ways with various toolsets used in 3ds Max. They are: Scaneline, V-Ray, Mental Ray and Corona Renderer. At final step was made critical analysis on all of these techniques on the same computer system and excellent results were obtained.

In 3D animation cinema, the elements of a scene are created by artists using computer software. To generate the final result, there must be a conversion (rendering) of the three-dimensional models to two-dimensional images (frames) that will later be joined together and edited into a video format.

3D animation films have traditionally been rendered using pre-rendering engines, a time consuming and expensive process that usually requires the use of multiple computers rendering at the same time (render farms), renders which may need to be repeated if the results are not ideal.

Videogames, on the other hand, are reactive applications where the player may have different possible courses of action that will generate distinct results. In those cases, it is necessary that the engine waits for the player’s input before it calculates the following frames. To allow for fast calculations in real time, 3D game developers use game engines that incorporate real time rendering methods which can generate images much faster than the pre-rendering engines mentioned above.
To be able to generate a large number of frames per second, there must be an optimization of the entire scene, in order to reduce the number of necessary calculations. That optimization is created by using techniques, practices and tools that are not commonly used by animation cinema professionals.
Due to that optimization necessity, videogames always had a lower graphic quality than that of animated films, where each frame is rendered separately and takes as long as necessary to obtain the required result.

Physically Based Rendering (PBR) technology is one of the methods incorporated by some rendering engines for the generation of physically accurate results, using calculations that follow the laws of physics as it happens in the real world and creating more realistic images which require less effort, not only from the artist but also from the equipment. The incorporation of PBR in game engines allowed for high graphic quality generated results in real time, gradually closing the visual quality gap between videogames and animated cinema.

Recently, game engines such as Unity and Unreal Engine started to be used – mostly by the companies that created the engine, as a proof of concept – for rendering 3D animated films. This could lead to changes in the animation cinema production methods by the studios that, until now, have used traditional pre-rendering methods.

A long standing goal in image-based modeling and rendering is to capture a scene from camera images and construct a sufficient model to allow photo-realistic rendering of new views. With the confluence of computer graphics and vision, the combination of research on recovering geometric structure from un-calibrated cameras with modeling and rendering has yielded numerous new methods. Yet, many challenging issues remain to be addressed before a sufficiently general and robust system could be built to eg allow an ...

Penggambaran terrain merupakan suatu permasalahan tersendiri dalam bidang komputer grafik. Banyak teknik dan metode yang telah diciptakan dan masih akan terus berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan perangkat keras komputer yang semakin canggih, selain itu terrain juga semakin banyak digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi seperti game, virtual reality, simulasi geologi, simulasi cuaca, dan pembuatan film. Dalam tulisan ini akan diteliti dan diimplementasikan gabungan antara metode penggambaran terrain dengan View Dependent LOD (Level Of Detail) sehingga didapatkan hasil penggambaran yang bagus dan efisien serta dapat diterapkan pada pembuatan game dan aplikasi yang memanfaatkan terrain. Konsep yang diusulkan adalah dengan menggunakan gabungan metode view-dependent LOD sederhana dan penggunaan vertex displacement mapping. Hasil akhir yang didapatkan dengan metode penggambaran terrain ini menghasilkan kenaikan fps ~20%.

This paper presents a novel approach for real-time ink wash painting style rendering on geometric models. We first create an ink footprint model in particle form, then extract classified strokes from ordinary 3D models by utilizing the existing geometry information, and finally combine the strokes and the ink to generate an immersive painted image. By taking advantage of parallel processing on GPU, consequently, the rendering of geometric models with realistic features of Chinese ink painting can be performed on a consumer-level PC in real-time.