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For centuries, people falsely believed that draining water from the lungs of drowning victims was an essential part of the resuscitation process. In the eighteenth century, this was the main reason why victims were positioned hanging... more
For centuries, people falsely believed that draining water from the lungs of drowning victims was an essential part of the resuscitation process. In the eighteenth century, this was the main reason why victims were positioned hanging vertically head down. Even today, many theories about positioning are offered but few with hard data to back them. In the following chapter, an attempt is made to provide the most logical rationale for positioning based on the available information, recent studies and consensus. In turn, this discussion will focus on issues such as water in the lungs and positioning during rescue in the water and on land and positioning during resuscitation and recovery for the drowning victim (Table 97.1).
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... Gavin D Perkins, Anthony J Handley gdperkins@warwick.ac.uk University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Warwick CV4 7AL, UK (GDP); and Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation ... Colin Baigent, Jonathan Emberson, Lisa... more
... Gavin D Perkins, Anthony J Handley gdperkins@warwick.ac.uk University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Warwick CV4 7AL, UK (GDP); and Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation ... Colin Baigent, Jonathan Emberson, Lisa Blackwell, Anthony Keech, Rory Collins ...
Research Interests: Survival Analysis, Medicine, France, Emergency Medical Services, Humans, and 13 moreEurope, Drowning, Lancet, Scopus, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Survival Rate, Pulmonary ventilation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, guidelines as topic, The Lancet, Asphyxia, Medical and Health Sciences, and Respiration Artificial
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Ohne Zusammenfassung
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
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Utstein-style guidelines use an established consensus process, endorsed by the international resuscitation community, to facilitate and structure resuscitation research and publication. The first "Guidelines for Uniform Reporting of... more
Utstein-style guidelines use an established consensus process, endorsed by the international resuscitation community, to facilitate and structure resuscitation research and publication. The first "Guidelines for Uniform Reporting of Data From Drowning" were published over a decade ago. During the intervening years, resuscitation science has advanced considerably, thus making revision of the guidelines timely. In particular, measurement of cardiopulmonary resuscitation elements and neurological outcomes reporting have advanced substantially. The purpose of this report is to provide updated guidelines for reporting data from studies of resuscitation from drowning. An international group with scientific expertise in the fields of drowning research, resuscitation research, emergency medical services, public health, and development of guidelines met in Potsdam, Germany, to determine the data that should be reported in scientific articles on the subject of resuscitation from dro...
Research Interests: International Cooperation, Medicine, Emergency Medical Services, Cardiac arrest, Humans, and 15 moreBiomedical Research, Consensus, Clarity, Journal Article, Drowning, Guidelines, Health Care Professionals, Clinical Sciences, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Medical Emergency, Interdisciplinary Communication, Comparability, American Heart Association, Heart arrest, and Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
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Research Interests: Medicine, Automated External defibrillator, Emergency Medical Services, Humans, Europe, and 13 moreResuscitation, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Clinical Sciences, Medical Emergency, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Advanced Life Support, American Heart Association, Medicine and Health Sciences, Defibrillators, Ventricular Fibrillation, Public access defibrillation, and Heart arrest
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... Infarction PETER A. EMERSON Consultant Physician, Westminster Hospital DEREK TEATHER Research Associate, Department of Statistics, University College ANTHONY J. HANDLEY Senior Registrar, Westminster and Brompton Hospitals Received 19... more
... Infarction PETER A. EMERSON Consultant Physician, Westminster Hospital DEREK TEATHER Research Associate, Department of Statistics, University College ANTHONY J. HANDLEY Senior Registrar, Westminster and Brompton Hospitals Received 19 November 1973 ...
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To test the hypothesis that laypeople who learn CPR using an 8-min self-instructional DVD acquire a level of skill that is comparable to that achieved with conventional courses. Forty volunteers used a short DVD with replay facility, and... more
To test the hypothesis that laypeople who learn CPR using an 8-min self-instructional DVD acquire a level of skill that is comparable to that achieved with conventional courses. Forty volunteers used a short DVD with replay facility, and a simple inflatable training manikin, for self-instruction in basic life support. A further 40 volunteers (control group) attended a conventional 1-h instructor-led course. Skill acquisition was measured for each group. After training, the self-instructional group achieved remarkably similar results compared with the control group for all measured skill variables except compression depth, which was significantly greater for the control group. Very short, DVD-based, self-instructional packages may be suitable for more widespread use, including distance-learning and other circumstances in which educational opportunities and resources are limited.
Research Interests: Program Evaluation, Distance Education, Educational Measurement, Skill Acquisition, Distance Learning, and 15 moreMedicine, Learning, Feasibility Study, Humans, Female, Resuscitation, Feasibility Studies, Male, Feasibility, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Professional Competence, and Life support care
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Summary In 2010 new international guidelines for resuscitation were published, based on an evaluation of the scientific literature by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). There was a strong emphasis on... more
Summary In 2010 new international guidelines for resuscitation were published, based on an evaluation of the scientific literature by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). There was a strong emphasis on high-quality chest compressions, with recommendations to increase their depth to at least 5 cm and their rate to at least 100/min, to allow full chest recoil, and to minimise interruptions in compression. Since 2010 further evidence has been published, both to support and to suggest modifications of these recommendations. No fundamental changes in the guidelines are suggested by the recent research, but attention to detail of technique should help to improve the quality of chest compression and, hopefully, the outcome from cardiac arrest.
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![][1] Copyrighted Material, used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons Limited. For personal use only, must not be reproduced or shared with third parties. Anyone wishing to reproduce this content in whole or in part, in print or in... more
![][1] Copyrighted Material, used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons Limited. For personal use only, must not be reproduced or shared with third parties. Anyone wishing to reproduce this content in whole or in part, in print or in electronic format, should contact digitalrightsuk@wiley.com Browse the ABC series at www.wiley.com ### Overview The term basic life support (BLS) is used to describe maintenance of a clear airway and support of breathing and the circulation in cases of cardiac arrest, without the use of equipment other than a simple airway device or protective shield. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the combination of chest compression and rescue breathing, and forms the basis of modern BLS. The chances of survival after cardiac arrest are increased when the event is witnessed and when a bystander institutes CPR prior to the arrival of the emergency services. When the heart arrests in ventricular fibrillation, the critical interval that determines outcome is the time from arrest until defibrillation, the chances of survival decreasing by between 7 and 10% for each minute of delay. Effective CPR reduces this decline by about 50%. The best chance of a successful outcome for the patient is achieved if chest compressions are started as soon as cardiac arrest is diagnosed. Chest compressions should be given with minimal interruptions at the recommended rate and depth, and are accompanied by artificial ventilation according to the current guidelines (see Box 1 and Figure 1). Figure 1 Adult basic life support. Reproduced with the kind permission of the Resuscitation Council (UK). box 1 ### Optimal chest compression characteristics (adults)RETURN TO TEXT [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
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Good scientific evidence is scarce in relation to the effectiveness of different methods of teaching basic life support (BLS) to the general public. In order to test new courses or methods a reference course is needed as a comparative... more
Good scientific evidence is scarce in relation to the effectiveness of different methods of teaching basic life support (BLS) to the general public. In order to test new courses or methods a reference course is needed as a comparative standard. To propose a reference BLS provider course that can be used as a comparator when testing new courses or teaching methods. All national resuscitation councils that are represented in the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) were sent a questionnaire about the BLS provider courses run by them or under their auspices. Sixteen national resuscitation councils responded to the enquiry. Their responses regarding organisation, structure, content and methods of the courses were found to be remarkably consistent between European countries. Few issues had a high variance. Based on the responses received, a reference BLS provider course for lay persons is suggested as a tool for research. The course duration is 3 h 15 min (excluding breaks), with 2 h 15 min practice time for the participants, 30 min for theory and 20 min for practical demonstrations by the instructor. A manual is distributed at the start of the course. The ratio of instructors to participants is one to six. The lectures are interactive between the instructor and the participants. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is practised on manikins in groups of six. A formal BLS scenario test may be held at the end of the course as part of a research study or if the candidates so request. It is suggested that by using this reference course during research into lay person BLS teaching, it will be easier to make comparisons between different studies.
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This is the summary publication of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s2020 International Consensus on First Aid Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published evidence reviewed by the... more
This is the summary publication of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s2020 International Consensus on First Aid Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published evidence reviewed by the First Aid Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life-threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. Additional summaries of scoping reviews are presented for the use of a recovery position, recognition of a concussion, and 6 other first aid topics. The First Aid Task Force has assessed, disc...
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Research Interests: Evidence Based Medicine, Asthma, Airway Management, Medicine, First Aid, and 15 moreEmergency Medical Services, Humans, Epinephrine, Hypoglycemia, Aspirin, Clinical Sciences, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Emergencies, Circulation, Hemorrhage, Immobilization, Chest Pain, Patient Positioning, Heart arrest, and Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Research Interests: Quality of life, Medicine, Teaching, Emergency Medical Services, Humans, and 10 moreClinical Sciences, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Patient Care Team, Public health systems and services research, Circulation, Intensive Care Medicine, R, Defibrillators, Heart arrest, and Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
2022 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Ta...more
This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary... more
This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews include cardiopulmonary resuscitation during transport; approach to resuscitation after drowning; passive ventilation; minimizing pauses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; temperature management after cardiac arrest; use of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest; use of vasopressin and corticosteroids during cardiac arrest; coronary angiography after cardiac arrest; public-access defibrillation devices for children; pediatric early warning systems; maintaining normal temperature immediately after birth; suctioning of amniotic fluid at birth; tactile...
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Übersetzung und verantwortlich für diesen Beitrag Dr. Dr. Burkhard Dirks ()) Universitätsklinik für Anästhesiologie, Sektion Notfallmedizin, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075 Ulm im Auftrag des European Resuscitation Council und des Deutschen Rat... more
Übersetzung und verantwortlich für diesen Beitrag Dr. Dr. Burkhard Dirks ()) Universitätsklinik für Anästhesiologie, Sektion Notfallmedizin, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075 Ulm im Auftrag des European Resuscitation Council und des Deutschen Rat für Wiederbelebung (German Resuscitation Council) der Bundesärztekammer Redaktionelle Mitarbeit: H.R. Arntz (Berlin), M. Baubin (Innsbruck), B. Wolke (Mainz). 1. Einleitung
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Since 2000 the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) has issued regular publications on ‘consensus on science and treatment recommendations’ (CoSTR) which have been used as scientific background for national and... more
Since 2000 the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) has issued regular publications on ‘consensus on science and treatment recommendations’ (CoSTR) which have been used as scientific background for national and international guidelines on resuscitation. The members of ILCOR come from international resuscitation councils from the five continents, formed into specialty task forces: basic life support (BLS); advanced life support (ALS); acute coronary syndromes (ACS); paediatric life support; neonatal life support; and education, implementation and teams (EIT).
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On a sunny weekend day, a family was invited to a barbecue at a friend´s swimming pool. Suddenly, the mother noticed her four year-old boy was missing. After about 7 minutes he was found at the bottom of the pool and brought up to the... more
On a sunny weekend day, a family was invited to a barbecue at a friend´s swimming pool. Suddenly, the mother noticed her four year-old boy was missing. After about 7 minutes he was found at the bottom of the pool and brought up to the pool´s edge. He appeared dead and no one knew what else to do. This scenario is usual in many countries and transforms a happy time to a very dramatic moment and a future for every one involved of profound loss and grief, but also guilt for failure to protect, or even intense anger at those who did not provide adequate supervision or medical care. Drowning is an injury whose treatment may involve many layers of personnel from laypersons, lifeguards, and pre-hospital care providers as well as highly specialized hospital staff. Care of the drowning victim is unique in that bystanders or rescuers need specific skills that allow them to help the victim without becoming another victim. Furthermore, the rescuer’s role is critical since the opportunity for a ...
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This article reports the 2010 Recommendations for the treatment of cardiac arrest in special circumstances as Electrolyte abnormalities, poisoning, drowning, accidental hypothermia, hyperthermia, asthma, anaphylaxis, cardiac surgery,... more
This article reports the 2010 Recommendations for the treatment of cardiac arrest in special circumstances as Electrolyte abnormalities, poisoning, drowning, accidental hypothermia, hyperthermia, asthma, anaphylaxis, cardiac surgery, trauma, pregnancy, and electrocution. The present recommendations have been released from the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) after a consensus process based on systematic review of the literature
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This paper describes a simple application of decision theory involving a balance between the subjectively estimated risks of death from a disease and its treatment in various circumstances. A treatment allocation rule is obtained and its... more
This paper describes a simple application of decision theory involving a balance between the subjectively estimated risks of death from a disease and its treatment in various circumstances. A treatment allocation rule is obtained and its application to a prospective series of 62 patients is reported.
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ABSTRACT