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Cities around the world have been hit by the COVID-19 crisis. The worst consequences of the pandemic are closely related to urban areas. Many studies investigated the impact of COVID-19 on people but there are few studies that have... more
Cities around the world have been hit by the COVID-19 crisis. The worst consequences of the pandemic are closely related to urban areas. Many studies investigated the impact of COVID-19 on people but there are few studies that have investigated the satisfaction level of university students during the COVID-19 lockdown at the neighborhood level. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the satisfaction of university students at the neighborhood level during the COVID-19 lockdown and investigate the experience of online education during that period—if they received any. An online survey was conducted involving university students of different countries, and a total of 427 responses (n = 427) were received and analyzed using the CHAID model. Results show that comfort at residences during the COVID-19 lockdown was affected by the neighborhood environment (viz., greenery, pleasant views, independent housing with gardening facilities), transportation (i.e., saving 1–2 commuting ...
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Ferrocement elements are usually analyzed using the laws of mixture. This approach leads to the conclusion that ferrocement behaves as a homogenous material. Deviating from this conventional approach, an analytical model was developed at... more
Ferrocement elements are usually analyzed using the laws of mixture. This approach leads to the conclusion that ferrocement behaves as a homogenous material. Deviating from this conventional approach, an analytical model was developed at NED University of Engineering and Technology that takes into account the effect of the two constituents of ferrocement i.e. cement-sand mortar and steel wire mesh separately. The individual effect of the constituents is then combined using a relationship for the bond at the interface. The model was validated using the existing experimental results. The development of the model, its validation and some of the analytical experimentation carried out using that model has been presented elsewhere. This paper presents the comparison of analytical results of a few ferrocement elements with different amounts of reinforcement subjected to different loadings to those obtained by applying the conventional approach. While the results obtained by conventional ap...
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Oil palm industry is one of the biggest industries in Malaysia and produces considerable quantities of waste every year. Reusing the oil palm shell (OPS) waste as coarse aggregate in concrete contributes to an environmental friendly... more
Oil palm industry is one of the biggest industries in Malaysia and produces considerable quantities of waste every year. Reusing the oil palm shell (OPS) waste as coarse aggregate in concrete contributes to an environmental friendly lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). LWAC tends to be more brittle than conventional concrete, however, adding natural fiber i.e. kenaf helps strengthen and improve the ductility of the OPS LWAC concrete. This makes KENcrete an attractive green material to be used in the construction industry.
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This paper presents the modular modeling approach adapted for the analysis of a cellular beam. These beams can be very useful for reducing the overall floor thickness in order to improve the Architectural design of a building. The... more
This paper presents the modular modeling approach adapted for the analysis of a cellular beam. These beams can be very useful for reducing the overall floor thickness in order to improve the Architectural design of a building. The cellular beam is made of a steel I-section with a total of 32 holes throughout its length. The finite element model of the beam is divided into 32 partitions and each partition is analyzed on a different processor. This partitioning method is based on a domain decomposition technique using dual partition super-elements. The analysis results are compiled and it is shown that with the help of the partitioning method, the nonlinear analysis of cellular beams has become more efficient and more accurate.
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Walking is important for human health, and street connectivity has been considered as an important attribute to enhance walking. Although street connectivity has been investigated widely in this field of study, the effects of street... more
Walking is important for human health, and street connectivity has been considered as an important attribute to enhance walking. Although street connectivity has been investigated widely in this field of study, the effects of street connectivity on walking have not been investigated with gated neighborhoods’ perspective. Therefore, this study’s objectives are comparing connectivity in gated and non-gated neighborhoods and investigating the association of connectivity with total walking in developing countries. Space Syntax (axial map) has been used to calculate connectivity in 16 neighborhoods, of Karachi, Pakistan. Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire (NPAQ) has been used (n= 1,042 adults) to calculate total walking. Independent sample t-test has been used to check the differences in connectivity and total walking between gated and non-gated neighborhoods, while cross-tabulation (gamma test) has been used to analyze the association. The results show that connectivity and to...
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The paper presents the invescotigatton of structural behavior of hybrid fibers in oil palm shell (OPS)and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) rcinforced concrete beam. Four-point bending test was conducted on five beams with various fiber volume... more
The paper presents the invescotigatton of structural behavior of hybrid fibers in oil palm shell (OPS)and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) rcinforced concrete beam. Four-point bending test was conducted on five beams with various fiber volume fraction ranging from 0 % to 2.0 %. Based on the results obtained, it was observed that fibers have the capability to increase the load carrying capacity, shear strength and ductility of the beam. Moreover, the crack propagation is lower when the amount of fiber is increased.
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Design codes play an enormous role in the construction industry. Therefore, the question of what is the best code for a particular design problem becomes essential. This paper deals with a parametric comparison of the differences between... more
Design codes play an enormous role in the construction industry. Therefore, the question of what is the best code for a particular design problem becomes essential. This paper deals with a parametric comparison of the differences between American and Australian codes (ASCE-7 16 and AS1170.4) based on a practical example of designing a building and compare the outcomes. Although the main principles were the same and the seismic zone was moderate, the results were different and this is due to, the Australian engineers established a new response spectrum design contains a better illustration of the acceleration and displacement-based on-site soil type and using a tiered approach for the earthquake load starting from simple force to complicated displacement method and the advantage of this approach is to design structure against vertical and wind loads then perform displacement checking for earthquake impact, While the American code delivers all possible design requirements for general structures along with all load’s types with proper combinations, the new revision providing a full update and rearranged of the wind load, new ultimate wind load maps, reduced load factors and updated risk-targeted seismic maps.
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The neighbourhood design (ND) factors such as land-use mix (LUM), street connectivity and housing density have the potential to enhance the walking. A limited number of studies have investigated the association of ND factors with walking... more
The neighbourhood design (ND) factors such as land-use mix (LUM), street connectivity and housing density have the potential to enhance the walking. A limited number of studies have investigated the association of ND factors with walking in developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this study is to compare the ND factors and investigate their association with walking. The LUM, street connectivity and housing density were measured objectively while walking was calculated subjectively (n-1,042adults). Independent sample t-test and Binary logistic analysis has been used to investigate the comparison and association between ND factors and walking. The results show that two out of three ND indicators are significantly different in both types of neighbourhoods and have positive association with walking Therefore, it can be concluded that, for the sake of walking in developing countries, the neighbourhoods should have mix of different land-uses and well-connected streets rather tha...
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Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is a by-product waste material from palm oil with many economic and environmental benefits. A lack of enough information on the advantages of POFA in the concrete production in various proportions was the main... more
Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is a by-product waste material from palm oil with many economic and environmental benefits. A lack of enough information on the advantages of POFA in the concrete production in various proportions was the main cause to carry out this work. This paper shows advantages of POFA as a partial replacement of cement in concrete production, especially cement mortar. The data collection has been done from the literature review related to the use of POFA as partial cement replacement in the production of cement concrete and mortar. Therefore, this paper can potentially become a guide for researchers and manufacturers to use POFA in various proportions to replace the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in cement concrete and mortar. The positive and negative impact resulting from this material has been discussed carefully. This study recommends that researchers and academics should perform more experimental works in order to illustrate the desired benefits from POFA as ceme...