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In this paper, we propose an antenna selection algorithm for down link MIMO SDMA OFDM system. For each user, the data rate corresponding to each transmit antenna is maximized using the optimal bit loading algorithm. A data rate matrix is... more
In this paper, we propose an antenna selection algorithm for down link MIMO SDMA OFDM system. For each user, the data rate corresponding to each transmit antenna is maximized using the optimal bit loading algorithm. A data rate matrix is constructed and used for the antenna selection algorithm assuming the base station (BS) knows the signal-to-noise ratio on all antenna-user pairs of all sub-carriers. In addition to exploiting the multi-user diversity gain, all users are served fairly by the BS. The fairness is achieved through weighting the data rate matrix by a weighting matrix with coefficients inversely proportional to the number of times served for each user. Jain's fairness index is used as a measure of the fairness. Simulation results show that a significant increase in the data rate is a achieved compared to the ultimately fair round Robin algorithm, while satisfying a reasonable fairness.
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ABSTRACT On-Chip Inductance has become of significance in the design of high-speed interconnects. In this thesis, three techniques are applied to regenerate an RLC: interconnect in series, parallel and without regeneration. Simulations... more
ABSTRACT On-Chip Inductance has become of significance in the design of high-speed interconnects. In this thesis, three techniques are applied to regenerate an RLC: interconnect in series, parallel and without regeneration. Simulations using a 0.25 om TSMC technology show that the parallel regeneration starts achieving a better speed than the non-regenerated line at wire lengths smaller than that achieved when the wire is serially regenerated. It also features 47% time delay saving and 96% Area-Delay product saving over the serial regeneration. Repeaters are now widely used to enhance the performance of long On-Chip interconnects in CMOS VLSI. For RC-modeled interconnects, parallel repeaters have proved to be superior to serial ones. In this thesis, a Variable-Segment Regeneration Technique is introduced and compared with a Variable-Driver Parallel Technique, a recently proposed transparent repeater and with other three conventional techniques. HSpice Simulations using a 0.25 om TSMC technology show that both the variable-segment and variable-driver techniques feature 62% time delay saving and 354% Area-Delay product saving over the transparent repeater, and are superior to all conventional techniques. Moreover, our new variable-segment technique is characterized by a 116% Area-Delay product saving over the variable-driver technique. Thus, making it the most performant in the field of high-performance RLC interconnect regeneration. The simulation results and an analytical model of VSRT confirm the superiority of the parallel regeneration technique over the serial ones.
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... Concordia University, ECE Dept., Montreal, Quebec, H3H 1M8 Canada Email: { fr-awwad, mnekili 1 @ ece.concordia.ca phone: l(514) 848-4104 ... To avoid the growth of the delay with the square of interconnect length, they recommended to... more
... Concordia University, ECE Dept., Montreal, Quebec, H3H 1M8 Canada Email: { fr-awwad, mnekili 1 @ ece.concordia.ca phone: l(514) 848-4104 ... To avoid the growth of the delay with the square of interconnect length, they recommended to in-sert regularly spaced repeaters in ...
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ABSTRACT This paper presents a new ISFET readout interface circuitry for Lab-on-Chip applications. The proposed circuit features a dedicated DC-input sigma delta modulator converting the detected charge to 1-bit digital series. The... more
ABSTRACT This paper presents a new ISFET readout interface circuitry for Lab-on-Chip applications. The proposed circuit features a dedicated DC-input sigma delta modulator converting the detected charge to 1-bit digital series. The proposed circuit, designed in 0.35-μm CMOS technology, offers a biologically relevant, high pH dynamic range of 5 to 9 and high sensitivity of 800mV/pH. We demonstrate the features of the proposed circuit by simulations and we discuss the advantage of this low complexity circuit for the measurement of pH using an array of ISFETs suitable for a variety of chemical and biological applications.
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Multi-gate field effect transistors (FETs) such as FinFETs are severely affected by short-channel effects (SCEs) below 14 nm technology nodes, with even taller fins incurring fringing capacitances. This leads to performance degradation of... more
Multi-gate field effect transistors (FETs) such as FinFETs are severely affected by short-channel effects (SCEs) below 14 nm technology nodes, with even taller fins incurring fringing capacitances. This leads to performance degradation of the devices, which inhibits further scaling of nanoFETs, deterring the progress of semiconductor industries. Therefore, research has not kept pace with the technological requirements of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS). Thus, the development of newer devices with superior performances in terms of higher ON currents, acceptable leakage currents and improved SCEs is needed to enable the continuance of integrated circuit (IC) technologies. The literature has advocated integration of strained-silicon technology in existing FinFETs, which is highly effective in enhancing ON currents through the strain effect. However, the ON currents can also be amplified by intensifying the number of fins in trigate (TG) FinFETs. Thus, three-fin...
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Microgrid technology has recently gained global attention over increasing demands for the inclusion of renewable energy resources in power grids, requiring constant research and development in aspects such as control, protection,... more
Microgrid technology has recently gained global attention over increasing demands for the inclusion of renewable energy resources in power grids, requiring constant research and development in aspects such as control, protection, reliability, and management. With an ever-increasing scope for maximizing renewable energy output, there is also a need to reduce the curtailment of power on both the generation and demand sides by increasing forecasting accuracies and using resources more effectively. This paper proposes a dual-stage dispatch employing a novel “split-horizon” strategy, in a bid to enhance energy management in a standalone microgrid. The split-horizon is essentially the considered time horizon split into equal operational periods of the dual-stage dispatch. The proposed strategy utilizes a custom-designed novel variant of the inertia-weight-based particle swarm optimization (PSO), termed customized PSO, to perform the optimal schedule and dispatch operation by benefitting f...
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Graphene field effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted huge attention in the point-of-care and accurate detection. With the recent spread of the new emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the need... more
Graphene field effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted huge attention in the point-of-care and accurate detection. With the recent spread of the new emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the need for rapid, and accurate detection & screening tools is arising. Employing these easy-to-handle sensors can offer cheap, rapid, and accurate detection. Herein, we propose the design of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) FET biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The main objective of this work is to detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antigen on spot selectively and rapidly. The sensor consists of rGO channel, a pair of golden electrodes, and a gate underneath the channel. The channel is functionalized with COVID-19 spike protein antibodies to achieve selectivity, and with metal nanoparticles (MNPs) such as copper and silver to enhance the bio-sensing performance. The designed sensor successfully detects the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and shows singul...
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Real-time detection of sugar molecules is critical for preventing and monitoring diabetes and for food quality evaluation. In this article, a field effect transistor (FET) based on two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) was... more
Real-time detection of sugar molecules is critical for preventing and monitoring diabetes and for food quality evaluation. In this article, a field effect transistor (FET) based on two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) was designed, developed, and tested to identify the sugar molecules including xylose, fructose, and glucose. Both density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function (DFT + NEGF) were used to study the designed device. Several electronic characteristics were studied, including work function, density of states, electrical current, and transmission spectrum. The proposed sensor is made of a pair of gold electrodes joint through a channel of C2N and a gate was placed underneath the channel. The C2N monolayer distinctive characteristics are promising for glucose sensors to detect blood sugar and for sugar molecules sensors to evaluate food quality. The electronic transport characteristics of the sensor resulted in a unique signature for each of the ...
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Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spreads an extremely infectious disease where there is no specific treatment. COVID-19 virus had a rapid and unexpected spread rate which resulted in critical difficulties for public health and unprecedented... more
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spreads an extremely infectious disease where there is no specific treatment. COVID-19 virus had a rapid and unexpected spread rate which resulted in critical difficulties for public health and unprecedented daily life disruption. Thus, accurate, rapid, and early diagnosis of COVID-19 virus is critical to maintain public health safety. A graphite oxide-based field-effect transistor (GO-FET) was fabricated and functionalized with COVID-19 antibody for the purpose of real-time detection of COVID-19 spike protein antigen. Thermal evaporation process was used to deposit the gold electrodes on the surface of the sensor substrate. Graphite oxide channel was placed between the gold electrodes. Bimetallic nanoparticles of platinum and palladium were generated via an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) compatible system by sputtering and inert-gas condensation technique. The biosensor graphite oxide channel was immobilized with specific antibodies against the COVID-19 spike p...
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With the increase in renewable energy integration in the electrical power systems along with increase in the time-varying energy consumption by the users, it is imperative to regulate the load profile through pragmatic economical... more
With the increase in renewable energy integration in the electrical power systems along with increase in the time-varying energy consumption by the users, it is imperative to regulate the load profile through pragmatic economical Demand-Side Management. Thus, the study carried out in this paper presents a real-time algorithm for cost optimization to achieve Demand-Side Management of a Renewable Energy Source integrated microgrid. The algorithm aims to achieve utility maximization and cost reduction for an optimal power scheduling in the presence of variable loads. The proposed approach mitigates the continuous changes in the variable loads that emulates the load profile found in residential, commercial and industrial users. The particular focus of this work is on developing a decentralized control scheme and a utility-oriented energy community, which provides user satisfaction based on energy management system, production units and load demand. Moreover, the paper presents utility maximization solutions on the combined energy profile of the microgrid targeting two main objectives, i.e., (1) minimizing the aggregate energy cost and (2) maximizing the provider's and user's satisfaction. Minimizing the aggregate energy cost aims to reduce the peak to average ratio of the aggregate energy profile of the microgrid using the cost function for energy cost minimization. The proposed technique is tested on microgrid which is coordinated in master-slave control topology. The implemented algorithm ensures a stable and efficient operation of the microgrid while minimizing the total cost of production.
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The recent advancements in system-on-chip (SoC) and network-on-chip (NoC) have enormously increased the number of on-chip frequency domains that are originating from multiple on-chip clock sources. In modern battery-operated internet of... more
The recent advancements in system-on-chip (SoC) and network-on-chip (NoC) have enormously increased the number of on-chip frequency domains that are originating from multiple on-chip clock sources. In modern battery-operated internet of things (IoT) devices, limited power budget and requirement for complex clock distribution schemes increases the usage clock multipliers. These multiple clock signal requirements are usually catered for by using frequency multipliers with clock generators. However, most of these multipliers are based on analog components that require a customized layout, involve timing uncertainties, and are power hungry and highly prone to mismatches in the process variations and environmental changes. Moreover, in modern battery-operated smart devices for IoT have very limited power budget, which makes the design of clock multipliers even more challenging. To address these issues, we propose a delay-based digital frequency multiplier, which uses 2-input XNOR gates and a true single-phase clock (TSPC) flip-flop because of pulse generation and edge detection properties, respectively. The proposed multiplier is based on the digital components, therefore, it reduces the power consumption significantly, i.e., 1.6mW, which is almost 50% lesser than other low power state-of-the-art designs. Moreover, it can operate for a wide range of input frequencies, ∼400MHz to 1GHz. The Monte-Carlo simulation results are very promising as they indicate the robustness of the design against process and environmental variations.
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<p>Relative expression levels obtained by qRT-PCR for selected common <i>B. cinerea</i>- and abiotic stress-up-regulated or -down-regulated genes obtained from <a... more
<p>Relative expression levels obtained by qRT-PCR for selected common <i>B. cinerea</i>- and abiotic stress-up-regulated or -down-regulated genes obtained from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone-0113718-t001" target="_blank">Table (1</a>) in response to <i>B. cinerea</i> infection at 18 hpi (see Methods). Expression of <i>B. cinerea</i>-inducible or -repressed genes was quantified relative to control conditions (no infection), and corrected for expression of control gene (<i>AtActin2</i>). Error bars for qRT-PCR values are standard deviations (<i>n</i>≥3).</p
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a<p>Normalized fold induction = normalized OPDA/PPA<sub>1</sub> treatment, <i>B. cinerea</i> inoculation or abiotic stress/normalized no OPDA/PPA<sub>1</sub> treatment, no <i>B.... more
a<p>Normalized fold induction = normalized OPDA/PPA<sub>1</sub> treatment, <i>B. cinerea</i> inoculation or abiotic stress/normalized no OPDA/PPA<sub>1</sub> treatment, no <i>B. cinerea</i> inoculation or no abiotic stress.</p>b<p>Normalized-fold induction of genes by PPA<sub>1</sub> and/or OPDA (75 µM).</p><p>Threshold value for TGA2/5/6-dependent up-regulation was two-fold in <i>Arabidopsis</i> wild-type plants relative to controls but no induction in <i>tga2/5/6</i>. OPDA-up-regulated genes data were obtained from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718-Taki1" target="_blank">[47]</a> at 3 hpt. PPA<sub>1</sub>-up-regulated genes data were obtained from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718-Mueller1" target="_blank">[32]</a> at 4 hpt. PPA<sub>1</sub>- and OPDA-induced genes data were obtained from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718-Mueller1" target="_blank">[32]</a> at 4 hpt.</p>c<p>Normalized fold induction of genes by <i>B. cinerea</i>.</p><p>Threshold value for up-regulation was at least twofold in <i>Arabidopsis</i> wild-type plants relative to controls. <i>B. cinerea</i>-induced genes data were obtained at 18 hpi <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718-Craigon1" target="_blank">[40]</a> (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>).</p>d<p>Normalized fold induction of genes by cold, drought, or oxidative stresses.</p><p>Threshold value for up-regulation was at least twofold in <i>Arabidopsis</i> wild-type plants relative to controls. Abiotic stress-induced genes data were obtained at 24 hpi <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718-Craigon1" target="_blank">[40]</a> (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113718#pone.0113718.s004" target="_blank">Table S2</a>).</p><p>N, not expressed; +, P, Present; −, downregulation.</p><p>Genes up-regulated by PPA<sub>1</sub>, OPDA, <i>B. cinerea</i> inoculation and abiotic stresses and dependent on <i>TGA2/5/6</i>.</p
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<p>Normalized expression value for each probe set in wild-type plants infected with <i>B. cinerea</i> at 18 hpi (<i>B. cinerea</i>-18) is plotted on X-axis; value in stressed plants with cold (A); drought... more
<p>Normalized expression value for each probe set in wild-type plants infected with <i>B. cinerea</i> at 18 hpi (<i>B. cinerea</i>-18) is plotted on X-axis; value in stressed plants with cold (A); drought (B); or oxidative stress (C) at 24 hpt is plotted on Y-axis. Venn diagram showing the number of (D) <i>BUG</i>s and (E) <i>BDG</i>s at 18 hpi that are also affected by cold, drought, and oxidative stress at 24 hpt.</p
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In a wireless network, mutual secure neighbor verification (MSN) is defined as the capability of a node (verifier) to verify the claim by another node (claimer) that it exists within a certain physical distance from the verifier. This... more
In a wireless network, mutual secure neighbor verification (MSN) is defined as the capability of a node (verifier) to verify the claim by another node (claimer) that it exists within a certain physical distance from the verifier. This problem has received great attention because it has numerous practical applications. Current state‐of‐the‐art approaches to solve this problem, such as the use of time of flight, signal strength, and angle of arrival, suffer from impracticality in terms of application and computation cost. In this work, we propose two algorithms to mitigate the MSN problem during the incremental deployment phase of static senor networks. Each node should announce its location and the power level it uses for transmission. Cooperative and base station verifications are used to detect nodes that lie about their locations. The simulation results show that we can achieve high detection (>90%) of nodes that forge their location information using either high power transmis...
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We report the realization of top-gated graphene nanoribbon field effect transistors (GNRFETs) of ∼10 nm width on large-area epitaxial graphene exhibiting the opening of a band gap of ∼0.14 eV. Contrary to prior observations of disordered... more
We report the realization of top-gated graphene nanoribbon field effect transistors (GNRFETs) of ∼10 nm width on large-area epitaxial graphene exhibiting the opening of a band gap of ∼0.14 eV. Contrary to prior observations of disordered transport and severe edge-roughness effects of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), the experimental results presented here clearly show that the transport mechanism in carefully fabricated GNRFETs is conventional band-transport at room temperature and inter-band tunneling at low temperature. The entire space of temperature, size, and geometry dependent transport properties and electrostatics of the GNRFETs are explained by a conventional thermionic emission and tunneling current model. Our combined experimental and modeling work proves that carefully fabricated narrow GNRs behave as conventional semiconductors and remain potential candidates for electronic switching devices.
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... To my daughters, who make life full of fun and joy: Sarah, Hanan, Ayah, Leyan and Dania. V1 Page 7. V ll ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my thanks and indebtedness to my academic supervisors: Profes-sor Mohamed Nekili, my... more
... To my daughters, who make life full of fun and joy: Sarah, Hanan, Ayah, Leyan and Dania. V1 Page 7. V ll ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my thanks and indebtedness to my academic supervisors: Profes-sor Mohamed Nekili, my principal supervisor, for his ...
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Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are essential equipment in neuroscience for studying the nervous system’s behavior and organization. MEAs are arrays of parallel electrodes that work by sensing the extracellular potential of neurons in their... more
Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are essential equipment in neuroscience for studying the nervous system’s behavior and organization. MEAs are arrays of parallel electrodes that work by sensing the extracellular potential of neurons in their proximity. Processing the data streams acquired from MEAs is a computationally intensive task requiring parallelization. It is performed using complex signal processing algorithms and architectural templates. In this paper, we propose using approximate computing-based algorithms on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), which can be very useful in custom implementations for processing neural signals acquired from MEAs. The motivation is to provide better performance gains in the system area, power consumption, and latency associated with real-time processing at the cost of reduced output accuracy within certain bounds. Three types of approximate adders are explored in different configurations to develop the signal processing algorithms. The algorit...
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Biomolecular detection methods have evolved from simple chemical processes to laboratory sensors capable of acquiring accurate measurements of various biological components. Recently, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs)... more
Biomolecular detection methods have evolved from simple chemical processes to laboratory sensors capable of acquiring accurate measurements of various biological components. Recently, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) have been drawing enormous interest due to their potential in the biomolecular sensing field. SiNW-FETs exhibit capabilities such as providing real-time, label-free, highly selective, and sensitive detection. It is highly critical to diagnose infectious diseases accurately to reduce the illness and death spread rate. In this work, a novel SiNW-FET sensor is designed using a semiempirical approach, and the electronic transport properties are studied to detect the COVID-19 spike protein. Various electronic transport properties such as transmission spectrum, conductance, and electronic current are investigated by a semiempirical modeling that is combined with a nonequilibrium Green’s function. Moreover, the developed sensor selectivity is tested by stu...
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Single clock distribution over a large high performance chip can be very challenging. This led to evolution of globally asynchronous and locally Synchronous (GALS) systems in modern deep sub-micron (DSM) technology. In GALS mostly bundled... more
Single clock distribution over a large high performance chip can be very challenging. This led to evolution of globally asynchronous and locally Synchronous (GALS) systems in modern deep sub-micron (DSM) technology. In GALS mostly bundled data protocols which are based on handshake mechanism, are used for data transfer. But these protocols rely on timing assumptions between handshake signals and data values that causes timing closure problems, which poses strict constraints in system-on-chip (SoC) design. This work leverages quasi delay insensitive (QDI) designs to propose GALS design templates. This will facilitate the use of GALS systems in a conventional digital design flow with minimal intervention to interfacing modules. Modifications for two different quasi delay insensitive (QDI) asynchronous designs have been suggested, implemented and verified by using the proposed templates. Power, energy and latency have been compared for two different interfaces.
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DNA detection has revolutionized medical and biological research fields. It provides a wealth of medical information for each individual, which can be used in a personalized medicinal procedure in the future. Genome sequence helps to... more
DNA detection has revolutionized medical and biological research fields. It provides a wealth of medical information for each individual, which can be used in a personalized medicinal procedure in the future. Genome sequence helps to enhance our perception of inheritance, disease, and individuality. This work aims to improve DNA sequencing accuracy and the overall current signal using a novel nano pore based sensor that is developed to detect and identify the DNA bases. Herein, a novel z-shaped field effect transistor with a nano pore for the aim of DNA detection is studied, where a gate terminal is added below the center of the z-shaped graphene nano ribbon. First-principle transport calculations are used to identify the DNA bases and electronic signature. An efficient density functional theory approach combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism (DFT + NEGF) are utilized to detect the transmission spectrum and current for DNA nucleo bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, a...
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Laptop use for undergraduate students is increasingly becoming commonplace, and is often deemed a necessity. Students are using laptops for academic as well as non-academic activities. Researchers are debating the effect of this trend on... more
Laptop use for undergraduate students is increasingly becoming commonplace, and is often deemed a necessity. Students are using laptops for academic as well as non-academic activities. Researchers are debating the effect of this trend on students’ educational and learning outcomes, thus, there is a need for investigation to determine how efficient the use of laptops is in the educational process. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the use of laptops in enhancing learning at the undergraduate level. This is achieved by collecting data from a random sample of students at the United Arab Emirates University’s Colleges of Engineering, Science, and Information Technology. The data are also analyzed to explore if students perceive that instructors should have control over the use of laptops in their classes, students’ Information Technology (IT) knowledge and the effect of the use of laptops in class on the consultation of text books.
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Runtime hardware Trojan detection techniques are required in third party IP based SoCs as a last line of defense. Traditional techniques rely on golden data model or exotic signal processing techniques such as utilizing Choas theory or... more
Runtime hardware Trojan detection techniques are required in third party IP based SoCs as a last line of defense. Traditional techniques rely on golden data model or exotic signal processing techniques such as utilizing Choas theory or machine learning. Due to cumbersome implementation of such techniques, it is highly impractical to embed them on the hardware, which is a requirement in some mission critical applications. In this paper, we propose a methodology that generates a digital power profile during the manufacturing test phase of the circuit under test. A simple processing mechanism, which requires minimal computation of measured power signals, is proposed. For the proof of concept, we have applied the proposed methodology on a classical Advanced Encryption Standard circuit with 21 available Trojans. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology is able to detect 75% of the intrusions with the potential of implementing the detection mechanism on-chip with minima...
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Internet of Things (IoT) device usage has grown and has been adopted in various daily use devices applied in healthcare, smart homes, smart grids, connected cars and the list goes on. IoT devices have security vulnerabilities and cannot... more
Internet of Things (IoT) device usage has grown and has been adopted in various daily use devices applied in healthcare, smart homes, smart grids, connected cars and the list goes on. IoT devices have security vulnerabilities and cannot completely guarantee data privacy. As is the case with any network, IoT devices are also prone to hacks and Hardware Intrinsic (HI) attacks such as Hardware Trojans (HT), Firmware Modification and Memory Manipulation. The manifestation of HI attack can lead to various types of security issues which includes data theft and denial of service. Traditional HT attack detection techniques are valid for integrated circuit level only, and considered to be very invasive for an IoT device. Therefore, in this paper we propose a non-invasive approach that investigates Hardware Intrinsic Attack Detection in IoT (HIADIoT) devices. This approach detects covert channel and power depletion attacks through the power profile of IoT devices in different modes of operati...
Traditional learning-based approaches for runtime hardware Trojan (HT) detection require complex and expensive on-chip data acquisition frameworks, and thus incur high area and power overhead. To address these challenges, we propose to... more
Traditional learning-based approaches for runtime hardware Trojan (HT) detection require complex and expensive on-chip data acquisition frameworks, and thus incur high area and power overhead. To address these challenges, we propose to leverage the power correlation between the executing instructions of a microprocessor to establish a machine learning (ML)-based runtime HT detection framework, called MacLeR. To reduce the overhead of data acquisition, we propose a single power-port current acquisition block using current sensors in time-division multiplexing, which increases accuracy while incurring reduced area overhead. We have implemented a practical solution by analyzing multiple HT benchmarks inserted in the RTL of a system-on-chip (SoC) consisting of four LEON3 processors integrated with other IPs, such as vga_lcd, RSA, AES, Ethernet, and memory controllers. Our experimental results show that compared to state-of-the-art HT detection techniques, MacLeR achieves 10% better HT d...
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DNA base detection is a vastly advancing technology to obtain the bases sequence in human genome thus allowing for recognition and medication of disease. Acquiring reliable, quick, and cheap DNA sequencing facilitates personalized... more
DNA base detection is a vastly advancing technology to obtain the bases sequence in human genome thus allowing for recognition and medication of disease. Acquiring reliable, quick, and cheap DNA sequencing facilitates personalized medicine procedure where right medication will be given to patients. In this article, a semi-empirical model is presented for calculating electron transport properties for the z-shaped sensor to identify the DNA sequence. The z-shaped sensor is made of two metallic electrodes of zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) connected through a semiconducting channel with a pore in the middle where DNA bases are translocated. The channel is made of armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) which is semiconducting. Semi-empirical model and non-equilibrium Green's function are utilized to ananlyze the various electronic characteristics. The semi-empirical model used is an expansion of the extended Hückel technique with self-consistent Hartree potential. Using the non-equil...
Demand Response Management System (DRMS) is used in a smart grid to reduce the gap between power generation and its demand. The knowledge of the demand of the customers is very important because failing to fulfill this demand can lead to... more
Demand Response Management System (DRMS) is used in a smart grid to reduce the gap between power generation and its demand. The knowledge of the demand of the customers is very important because failing to fulfill this demand can lead to serious issues, like system failures and blackouts. Home Energy Management System (HEMS) is a DRMS that is designed specially for residential customers. Traditionally, HEMS is analyzed using simulation-based techniques but such an analysis lacks completeness and exhaustiveness. In order to overcome these issues and to account for the numerous random and unpredictable factors in HEMS, we propose to use probabilistic model checking for its analysis. Our formal model is generic in nature and can be used to model most of the existing HEMS. Important results related to the efficiency and total household power are also presented in this paper.