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    Desislava Dikova

    ABSTRACTThe relationship between internationalization and performance has attracted researchers’ attention for more than 40 years, producing contradictory results. Research on emerging-market (EM) multinationals’ performance has not added... more
    ABSTRACTThe relationship between internationalization and performance has attracted researchers’ attention for more than 40 years, producing contradictory results. Research on emerging-market (EM) multinationals’ performance has not added much clarity to the issue. Although contingency theory is widely applied in management research to explain superior organizational performance as a direct result of a ‘fit’ between structure, strategy, and environment, there has been little effort in extending the notion of strategy-structure-environment fit to include internationalization. We address this limitation by offering a comprehensive analysis of Russian internationalized firms’ performance, which reflects the complexity of strategic and structural changes that Russian firms make during internationalization. We use survey data on 213 predominantly private and mature firms to examine whether the alignment of a multitude of strategic and structural choices in a specific context matters for subsequent performance. We apply a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and find several distinct types of ‘fit’ that positively affect Russian internationalized firms’ performance.
    In this paper we challenge the notion that internationalization in isolation can produce an impact on performance that is generalizable across all firms. We focus on internationalizing firms from R...
    Publikationsansicht. 45196497. Studies on foreign direct investments in central and eastern europe : Establishment modes, performance and strategies of western european enterprises / (2006). Dikova, Desislava. Abstract. Proefschrift... more
    Publikationsansicht. 45196497. Studies on foreign direct investments in central and eastern europe : Establishment modes, performance and strategies of western european enterprises / (2006). Dikova, Desislava. Abstract. Proefschrift Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.. Met lit.opg. ...
    Overview: Theoretical Paradigms, Issues and Debates - Masaaki Kotabe and Kristiaan Helsen PART ONE: CHANGING MARKET ENVIRONMENTS The Ancient Road: An Overview of Globalization - Terry Clark, Monica Hodis and Paul D'Angelo The Changing... more
    Overview: Theoretical Paradigms, Issues and Debates - Masaaki Kotabe and Kristiaan Helsen PART ONE: CHANGING MARKET ENVIRONMENTS The Ancient Road: An Overview of Globalization - Terry Clark, Monica Hodis and Paul D'Angelo The Changing Global Political and Institutional Environment - Jonathan Doh and Terrence Guay Marketing and the Global Legal Environment - Subhash Jain and Robert Bird PART TWO: CONSUMER BEHAVIOR RESEARCH Consumer Cognition across Cultures - Bernd H Schmitt and Nader Tavassoli Nation Equity: Country of Origin Effects and Globalization - D Maheswaran and Cathy Chen Researching International Markets: Philosophical and Methodological Issues - V Kumar PART THREE: MARKET ENTRY AND EXIT DECISIONS Research into Exporting: Theoretical, Methodological and Empirical Insights - Constantine S Katsikeas, Leonidas Leonidou and Saeed Samiee Licensing and Franchising - Lance Brouthers and Jason Patrick McNicol Joint Ventures and Alliances - Miguel Rivera-Santos and Andrew Inkpen Establishment Mode Choice: Acquisition versus Greenfield Entry - Desislava Dikova and Keith Brouthers Exit Strategies - Masaaki Kotabe and Sonia Ketkar PART FOUR: GLOBAL STRATEGY Global Competitive Marketing Strategy - Michael Grund, Oliver Heil and Mark Elsner Global Sourcing - Masaaki Kotabe, Michael Mol and Janet Murray Uniformity versus Conformity: The Standardization Issue in International Marketing Strategy - Saeed Samiee, Constantine S Katsikeas and Marios Theodosiou PART FIVE: DEVELOPING MARKETING STRATEGY International Diffusion of New Products - Trichy Krishnan and Suman Ann Thomas Global Branding - John Roberts and Julien Cayla Pricing in the Global Market Place - Kristiaan Helsen Global Communication - Gary Bamossy and Johny Johansson Global Channels of Distribution - Daniel Bello and Forrest Briggs Global Trends in Grocery Retailing - Katrijn Gielens and Marnik Dekimpe Salesforce Management - Thomas G Brashear PART SIX: EMERGING ISSUES IN GLOBAL MARKETING Role of the Internet - Venky Shankar Organizational Heritage, Institutional Changes and Strategic Responses of Firms from Emerging Economies - Preet Aulakh and Raveendra Chittoor Small Multinational Enterprises under Globalization - Gary Knight Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility for Marketing in the Global Marketplace - Georges Enderle and Patrick E Murphy
    This paper links two streams of literature, specifically, one concerning executive compensation that is primarily rooted in finance and the other that is related to cross-border M&A activity and th...
    We investigate the effect of distance – political, economic, cultural and spatial, on developed-economy multinational enterprises’ (MNEs’) ownership decisions in cross-border (CB) acquisitions. We start with the premise that distance... more
    We investigate the effect of distance – political, economic, cultural and spatial, on developed-economy multinational enterprises’ (MNEs’) ownership decisions in cross-border (CB) acquisitions. We start with the premise that distance discourages full and majority ownership in CB acquisitions, and further investigate the moderating role of distance-reducing factors. We examine how the relationship between distance and acquisition ownership decision is moderated by firm-specific characteristics, such as firm size, general international experience, and specific host country experience. Our data sample consists of 1,041 CB acquisitions under taken by Finnish MNEs in 58 countries during the time period 1990–2010. We find substantial support for all our hypotheses and conclude that the negative effects of distance on CB acquisition equity stake are positively moderated by the three firm-specific resources but their individual importance is conditional on the host country type (developed or emerging).
    We extend the discussion on the adaptation/ standardization in foreign markets by introducing a new strategic link, the foreign subsidiary establishment mode choice of multinational firms. We suggest that the penetration of certain... more
    We extend the discussion on the adaptation/ standardization in foreign markets by introducing a new strategic link, the foreign subsidiary establishment mode choice of multinational firms. We suggest that the penetration of certain markets requires extensive adaptation achieved by assimilating local brands or developing insightful local promotion, while others can be served by offering relatively standard products. We examine how the perceived need for local adaptation affects the establishment mode choice. We argue that at high levels of adaptation, firms are likely to choose an acquisition establishment mode. This relationship however is contingent upon how challenging the local adaptation is for the firm. We hypothesize that realizing a given degree of local adaptation will be less challenging for firms with better worldwide marketing skills hence for such firms the positive impact of adaptation on the likelihood of choosing an acquisition entry will be weaker. Realizing a given degree of local adaptat...
    We use Casson's (1999) concept of (increasing) transaction and information costs adding to organizational complexity and expenditures, to arrive at an S-shaped relationship between degree of internationalization (DOI) and performance.... more
    We use Casson's (1999) concept of (increasing) transaction and information costs adding to organizational complexity and expenditures, to arrive at an S-shaped relationship between degree of internationalization (DOI) and performance. To capture contextual complexity, we consider critical boundary conditions for the relationship DOI performance of Russian firms, namely 1) the impact of environmental uncertainty, 2) firmlevel characteristics such as firm size and innovativeness and 3) the generic strategy followed by the Russian MNEs. We use a sample of 213 predominantly private and mature Russian MNEs. Our results show support for hypothesized S-shaped relationship; this relationship is conditional on the Russian firms' degree of innovativeness and differentiation strategy. Environmental dynamics and firm size affect performance of internationalizing Russian firms to a lesser extent.
    Abstract This paper explores the relationship between internationalization and corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication in Russian firms. Our baseline argument is that internationalization positively affects CSR reporting, as... more
    Abstract This paper explores the relationship between internationalization and corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication in Russian firms. Our baseline argument is that internationalization positively affects CSR reporting, as it is expected to enhance the legitimacy of Russian firms abroad. We examine the role of state ownership, and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) vs. non-CIS location, as two boundary conditions on the relationship between internationalization and CSR reporting. We test our hypotheses on panel data of 223 large Russian firms for the period 2012–2017, collected from company annual reports, databases, and official company websites. Our data include financial and non-financial indicators, and firm-level organizational characteristics. The results reveal the context specificity of CSR reporting. We find that state ownership moderates the relationship between internationalization and CSR reporting in CIS and non-CIS markets differently, and the positive effect is stronger for non-CIS locations. Our study goes beyond the traditional approach, treating CSR reporting as a unidimensional construct. We show that the effect of internationalization, both direct and moderated, differs for the different types of CSR activity.
    We apply the OLI framework to examine investment motives and internalization preferences of Russian multinationals in 2007-2013. To examine investment motives we use panel data of 322 observations; to test internalization choice we use... more
    We apply the OLI framework to examine investment motives and internalization preferences of Russian multinationals in 2007-2013. To examine investment motives we use panel data of 322 observations; to test internalization choice we use cross-sectional data of 318 M&A deals. Our analysis shows that classic investment motives - market, resource, asset-seeking - provide a limited explanation of what attracts Russian acquirers abroad. We extend the OLI-model to include institutional distance and find that it plays a critical role in explaining Russian M&A activity. We employ a specific ownership advantage, government ownership, and discover that partial government ownership discourages Russian firms from pursuing full ownership in M&As. Further, Russian multinationals benefit from internalization advantages in tandem with location advantages derived from natural-resource endowments.
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    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the interplay between resilience and agility in explicating the concept of resilient agility and discuss institutional and organizational antecedents of resilient agility in volatile... more
    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the interplay between resilience and agility in explicating the concept of resilient agility and discuss institutional and organizational antecedents of resilient agility in volatile economies. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop a conceptual framework that offers an original account of underlying means of ambidextrous capabilities for organizational change and behaviors in volatile economies and how firms stay both resilient and agile in such contexts. Findings The authors suggest that resilient agility, an ambidextrous capability of sensing and acting on environmental changes nimbly while withstanding unfavorable disruptions, can explain entrepreneurial firms’ survival and prosperity. The authors then address institutional (instability and estrangement) and organizational (entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and bricolage) antecedents of resilient agility in volatile economies. Originality/value The authors highlight that...
    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge about factors that influence the location of Russian foreign direct investments. In particular, it focusses on the role of institutional distance (represented by corruption... more
    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge about factors that influence the location of Russian foreign direct investments. In particular, it focusses on the role of institutional distance (represented by corruption perception distance, political distance and cultural distance) as a moderator of the relationships between traditional investment motives and the number of M&A deals made by Russian companies in a specific country. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is conducted on panel data of Russian cross-border M&As launched in 46 countries during the period 2007-2013. The final data set includes 322 observations. Due to the nature of dependent variable and the results of pre-tests, negative binomial regression is used in the main analysis. Findings The key finding of the study reveals the importance of institutional distance, in particular, the moderating effect of different dimensions of institutional distance on the relationships between internationalization ...
    Departing from the traditional transaction cost approach in diversification mode literature, this study investigates the influence of experimental organizational learning on the choice between acquisition and a greenfield investment. We... more
    Departing from the traditional transaction cost approach in diversification mode literature, this study investigates the influence of experimental organizational learning on the choice between acquisition and a greenfield investment. We provide empirical support that prior ...
    Multinational enterprise performance is one of the most researched topics in the strategic management literature over the last thirty years. Despite the proliferation of studies, the dispute over the relation between firms? international... more
    Multinational enterprise performance is one of the most researched topics in the strategic management literature over the last thirty years. Despite the proliferation of studies, the dispute over the relation between firms? international investment activities and corporate performance has not yet ...
    This article examines the moderating effect of institutional distance on the relation between personal experiences of chief executive officers (CEOs) and entry mode choice. Hypotheses are tested with data on 156 foreign direct investments... more
    This article examines the moderating effect of institutional distance on the relation between personal experiences of chief executive officers (CEOs) and entry mode choice. Hypotheses are tested with data on 156 foreign direct investments made by west-European multinational enterprises in 10 central and eastern European economies in the 1992–2002 period of transition. Two demographic features are examined: CEOs’ age and

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