Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Schizophrenia, Learning Difficulties, Adolescent, and 15 moreMedicine, Episodic Memory, Executive Function, Forgetting, Problem Solving, Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Memory Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Neuropsychology, Demography, Psychiatry, Audiology, and 15 moreAnterior Cingulate, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI, Laterality, Medicine, Executive Function, Brain, Humans, Male, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Memory Disorders, Neurosciences, Magnetic resonance image, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science, Pragmatics, Autism, and 10 moreCognition, Social Cognition, Theory of Mind, Williams Syndrome, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Social Skill, developmental Disorder, and Autistic Spectrum Disorder
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Algorithms, Cognition, Electroencephalography, Medicine, and 15 moreFuzzy Clustering, Humans, Female, Male, Cluster Analysis, Etiology, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Auditory evoked Potentials, Cross sectional Study, Cognition disorders, Contingent Negative Variation, Acoustic Stimulation, Cognitive dysfunction, and European Archives
We propose that Bloom's focus on cognitive factors involved in word learning still lacks a broader perspective. We emphasize the crucial relevance of working memory in learning elements of language. Specifically, we demonstrate... more
We propose that Bloom's focus on cognitive factors involved in word learning still lacks a broader perspective. We emphasize the crucial relevance of working memory in learning elements of language. Specifically, we demonstrate through our data that in impaired populations knowledge of some linguistic elements can be dissociated according to the subcomponent of working memory (visual or verbal) involved in a task. Further, although Bloom's concentration on theory of mind as a precondition for word learning is certainly correct, theory of mind being a necessary condition does not make it a sufficient one. On the basis of our studies we point out the importance of a theory of mind related goal preference in acquiring spatial language. In general, we claim that more specific cognitive preferences and constraints should be outlined in detail for the preconditions of acquiring linguistic elements.
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KönyvismertetésekHarsányi András, Csigó Katalin és Demeter Gyula (szerk.): Kényszerbetegség — elmélet, kutatás, terápia Budapest, Oriold és Társai Kft., 2015, 280 oldalPléh Csaba, Unoka Zsolt (szerk.): Hány barátod is van? Budapest: Oriold és Társai, 2016, 284 oldalHunyady György, Berkics Mihály ...more
KönyvismertetésekU TE E HRHARDT W ILHELM J OHNEN Mindennapi hazugságaink: az igazság nem mindig a legjobb megoldás Budapest: Trivium Kiadó, 2013, 292 oldalG ÁBOR B OROS T IBOR P ÓLYA (szerk.) Szenvedély, szerelem, narráció. Filozófiai és pszichológiai tanulmányok Budapest: ELTE Eötvös Kiadó, Vilá...more
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The essay summarizes some of the key results and debated issues of Darwinian psychology over the past 150 years. Comparative psychology, psychological anthropology, research into the ontogeny of the mind, evolutionary interpretations of... more
The essay summarizes some of the key results and debated issues of Darwinian psychology over the past 150 years. Comparative psychology, psychological anthropology, research into the ontogeny of the mind, evolutionary interpretations of knowledge, and the study of individual differences are the main areas where evolutionary explanations remarkably influence traditional psychology. All five of them show up in twentieth century developments within the framework of overall selectionism, the idea that in all aspects of life—including human culture or habits—there is a certain diversity and variety not only in the form of living things but also in the form of “living-things-made” material, cultural or virtual, all of them being subject to natural selection. Some issues of overall selectionism, having been introduced by Karl Buhler, Karl Popper, and Donald Campbell, or by the genetic epistemology of Jean Piaget, are compared in this essay to the latest debates and ideas about the message of evolution by Daniel Dennett, to the coordination of evolutionary models, the theories about the social mind and its development, and the genesis of culture and evolution in rivaling models of human architectures, as in the one proposed by Michael Tomasello. Some of the continuously debated issues have been escorting us since the 1880s, such as the relative significance of nature or culture, the causal relations between different levels of selection, and the like. They all mean a real challenge to the unbounded and unanchored psychological and epistemological theories. Keywords: Darwinism; selection theory; nature/culture; adaptation; anthropology; exaptation; social mind
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A Williams-szindróma egy ritka genetikai betegség, amely a 7. kromoszóma egy szakaszának sérülését követően jellegzetes fejlődési profillal jellemezhető. Hagyományosan a téri-vizuális és verbális képességek eltérő ütemű fejlőd_
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A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia 2004. évi közgyűlése több olyan külső és tiszteleti tagot választott tagjai sorába, akik pszichológusok vagy közeli szakmai kapcsolatuk van a pszichológiával. Őket mutatjuk be rövid elektronikus interjúkon... more
A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia 2004. évi közgyűlése több olyan külső és tiszteleti tagot választott tagjai sorába, akik pszichológusok vagy közeli szakmai kapcsolatuk van a pszichológiával. Őket mutatjuk be rövid elektronikus interjúkon keresztül. Az interjúkat Pléh Csaba készítette 2004 nyarán.
Our paper is an attempt to indicate the relevance of information theoretical accounts to understand word recognition and morphological processing in Hungarian, along with other studies using more traditional predictors like linear... more
Our paper is an attempt to indicate the relevance of information theoretical accounts to understand word recognition and morphological processing in Hungarian, along with other studies using more traditional predictors like linear position and morphological composition. The first two experiments were gating studies. The effect of the decision points was only evident in frequent words. The correct recognition means for the recognition points differ from the means for one-before-recognition points, indicating that the recognition point follows a sudden drop of the entropy value. This shows how entropy measures can be used to predict word recognition in actual language performance. The next two experiments examined the word reconstruction effect. A clear bathtub effect (Aitchison, 1987) was obtained: reconstruction was highest in the cases where both the beginning and the end were correct. The last, lexical decision based study used four basic morphological types of markers (plural, se...
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A Williams-szindróma (WS) egy ritka genetikai fejlődési zavar, amely a numerikus képességek súlyos sérülésével jár együtt. Két numerikus rendszer, az analóg mennyiségi rendszer és a verbális rendszer működését vizsgáltuk meg... more
A Williams-szindróma (WS) egy ritka genetikai fejlődési zavar, amely a numerikus képességek súlyos sérülésével jár együtt. Két numerikus rendszer, az analóg mennyiségi rendszer és a verbális rendszer működését vizsgáltuk meg Williams-szindrómában, három eltérő numerikus feladatban: egyszerű össz__
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Purpose Hungarian is a null-subject language with both agglutinating and fusional elements in its verb inflection system, and agreement between the verb and object as well as between the verb and subject. These characteristics make this... more
Purpose Hungarian is a null-subject language with both agglutinating and fusional elements in its verb inflection system, and agreement between the verb and object as well as between the verb and subject. These characteristics make this language a good test case for alternative accounts of the grammatical deficits of children with language impairment (LI). Method Twenty-five children with LI and 25 younger children serving as vocabulary controls (VC) repeated sentences whose verb inflections were masked by a cough. The verb inflections marked distinctions according to tense, person, number, and definiteness of the object. Results The children with LI were significantly less accurate than the VC children but generally showed the same performance profile across the inflection types. For both groups of children, the frequency of occurrence of the inflection in the language was a significant predictor of accuracy level. The two groups of children were also similar in their pattern of er...
Research Interests: Languages, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Linguistics, Specific Language Impairment, and 15 moreLanguage Impairment, Medicine, Inflection, Humans, Child, Hungary, Grammar, Past Tense, Agreement, Morphemes, Clinical Sciences, Analysis of Variance, Child preschool, Language Development Disorders, and Language tests
Williams syndrome (WMS), a rare neurogenetic disorder, has been inthe forefront of research in cognitive psychology for the last ten years.WMS is characterized by a distinctive cognitive prole: mild to moderate mentalretardation with... more
Williams syndrome (WMS), a rare neurogenetic disorder, has been inthe forefront of research in cognitive psychology for the last ten years.WMS is characterized by a distinctive cognitive prole: mild to moderate mentalretardation with relatively and surprisingly good linguistic abilities, whileperformance on spatial tasks is extremely poor. Concentrating on the linguisticabilities of children and adolescents with WMS, studies of vocabulary developmentand
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We present data on the language of space in Hungarian individuals with Williams syndrome (WS; 19 in the first, 15 in the second study, between 8;0 and 21;11) and a verbal control (VC) group of typically developing (TD; 19 in the first, 15... more
We present data on the language of space in Hungarian individuals with Williams syndrome (WS; 19 in the first, 15 in the second study, between 8;0 and 21;11) and a verbal control (VC) group of typically developing (TD; 19 in the first, 15 in the second study, between 3;5 and 10;7) children from: (1) a study of elicited production and comprehension of spatial terms; and (2) a sentence completion task on case markers in their spatial and non-spatial use. The first study showed poorer performance in the WS group, but similar performance patterns and a special difficulty of SOURCE terms in both groups. We did not find overall group differences in the second study. We argue that WS performance patterns reflect WS spatial abilities and seem to be constrained by the same factors in WS as in TD. Results also lead us to conclude that, contrary to most previous claims, there is no selective deficit of spatial terms within WS language, and they also suggest that not all uses of spatial terms r...
Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Interaction, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 moreSpace perception, Humans, Child, Comprehension, Spatial ability, Female, Male, Comparative Analysis, Language Culture and Communication, Cognitive processes, Adult, Sentence, Child Language, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
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In the past two decades the cognitive neuroscience of language processing has been expanding at an unprecedented pace, for a large part thanks to novel brain imaging technologies. Even though metaphors are highly frequent in everyday... more
In the past two decades the cognitive neuroscience of language processing has been expanding at an unprecedented pace, for a large part thanks to novel brain imaging technologies. Even though metaphors are highly frequent in everyday language and crucial in scientific reasoning, processing models and experimental results are inconsistent. Profound questions are still open such as the role of the right hemisphere in their comprehension, or whether there is a dedicated neural substrate for figures of speech. The experimental part of the present work attempts to resolve some of the contradictions by controlling the numerous variables suspected to pose a processing load on the right hemisphere, such as the effects of novelty, sentential context, imageability, and emotional valence and arousal. According to the results, metaphors levy classical left hemispheric language areas, and require no specialized computations. Studies showing right hemispherical involvement could have observed poe...
Research Interests: Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science, Neuropsychology, Neuroimaging, and 15 moreHistory of Science, Cognition, Figurative Language Processing, Conceptual Metaphor, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Metaphor, Cognitive Linguistics, Cognitive Neuroscience, Figurative language, Metaphors, PhD Thesis, PhD dissertation, Concreteness, Graded Salience Hypothesis, and Coarse Semantic Coding
The modular approach to language in its career of 30 years had alternating and rivaling views regarding the place of pragmatics. A first approach basically is the one outlined by Fodor (1983) that would pack pragmatic aspects of language... more
The modular approach to language in its career of 30 years had alternating and rivaling views regarding the place of pragmatics. A first approach basically is the one outlined by Fodor (1983) that would pack pragmatic aspects of language use under the rubric of the mushy General Problem Solver component of the architecture, thus extracting it from considerations of modularity altogether. The rival Massive Modular approaches such as Dan Sperber’s would be willing to treat pragmatic aspects as one crucial module as part of a general architecture with modularity all over the place. The paper after summarizing the theoretical interpretations calls for a less dedicated distributed processing and representation system where modularity rather than a simple starting point might be seen as the result of a process of modularization. Three types of empirical data are surveyed. First, studies that seem to support a specialized pragmatic module are discussed, namely from right hemisphere damaged...