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which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This review of Professor Marcos Cueto's Cold War Deadly Fevers: Malaria Eradication in Mexico, 1955–1975... more
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This review of Professor Marcos Cueto's Cold War Deadly Fevers: Malaria Eradication in Mexico, 1955–1975 discusses some of the historical, sociological, political and parasitological topics included in Dr. Cueto's superbly well-informed volume. The reviewer, a parasitologist, follows the trail illuminated by Dr. Cueto through the foundations of the malaria eradication campaign; the release in Mexico of the first postage stamp in the world dedicated to malaria control; epidemiological facts on malarial morbidity and mortality in Mexico when the campaign began; the emergence of problem areas that impeded eradication; considerations on mosquitoes and malaria transmission in Mexico; the role of business and society in malaria eradication; the results of the campaign; the relationship between malaria and poverty; and the parasitological lessons to be learn...
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Es ist erst einige Jahre her, da erinnerte ein überdimensionales, begehbares Prostatamodell Männer an die Wichtigkeit der Krebsvorsorge. Eine "Urolisken"- Skulptur, die in verschiedenen deutschen Städten aufgestellt wurde, hatte... more
Es ist erst einige Jahre her, da erinnerte ein überdimensionales, begehbares Prostatamodell Männer an die Wichtigkeit der Krebsvorsorge. Eine "Urolisken"- Skulptur, die in verschiedenen deutschen Städten aufgestellt wurde, hatte dasselbe Ziel. Beide Aktionen zeigen: Alternde Männer werden derzeit in ihrer Körperlichkeit verstärkt sichtbar. Für alternde Frauen könnte man Ähnliches feststellen.1 Dies war längst nicht immer so. Wer die Situation alter Männer mit Prostatakarzinom als Familienväter und -versorger im frühen 20. Jahrhundert nachzuzeichnen versucht, stößt schnell an Grenzen, was mit der schwierigen Quellenlage zu tun hat. Mediziner hatten für diese Patienten wenig Handlungsspielraum, Behandlungsmethoden reduzierten sich oftmals auf Palliation, und für die Öffentlichkeit blieben die Krankheitsverläufe dieser Männer ohnehin meist unsichtbar. Im Gegensatz dazu gibt es im späten 20. und beginnenden 21. Jahrhundert eine öffentliche Zurschaustellung.
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Research Interests: Psychology and Routledge
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The first world wide symposium on the topic of gender-specific medicine provided the latest research on differences in sex and/or gender in medicine and medical care. The presentations ranged beyond the topic of reproduction to encompass... more
The first world wide symposium on the topic of gender-specific medicine provided the latest research on differences in sex and/or gender in medicine and medical care. The presentations ranged beyond the topic of reproduction to encompass the entire human organism. This report critically reviews three issues that emerged during the Conference: gender mainstreaming, the concept of sex/gender differences and the
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In Sexualised Brains. Scientific Modelling of Emo-tional Intelligence from a Cultural Perspective, Nicole C. Karafyllis and Gotlind Ulshöfer ask what impact the recent focus on neuroscientific research into emotional intelligence (EI) has... more
In Sexualised Brains. Scientific Modelling of Emo-tional Intelligence from a Cultural Perspective, Nicole C. Karafyllis and Gotlind Ulshöfer ask what impact the recent focus on neuroscientific research into emotional intelligence (EI) has on the ongoing biological debates about sex ...
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Research Interests: History, Military Medicine, Contraception, Sexuality, Cultural Diversity, and 15 moreMedicine, Gender Identity, Human Sexuality, Prostitution, Militarization, Sexual Behavior, New Zealand, Punishment, Personal Construct Theory, Historical Studies, Morals, Military Personnel, Preventive Health Services, Sexual Abstinence, and Population surveillance
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Using the example of ‘sperm tales’, borne out of the biomedical technologies that went hand in hand with the establishment of the ‘science of man’ (andrology), the article engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical... more
Using the example of ‘sperm tales’, borne out of the biomedical technologies that went hand in hand with the establishment of the ‘science of man’ (andrology), the article engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical theories and concepts of what constitutes a ‘healthy’ reproductive male body. The article asks: how has the normative ideal male body been either perpetuated or interrogated through these tales of male reproduction at the interface between scientific and medical technologies? And how were changes to the normalization of male bodies central to clinical practices and cultural understandings of health and illness? With many aspects of the medical history of male reproduction in the 20th century still unexplored, this article will focus on the growing intervention of biomedicine to ‘treat’ male infertility by way of the classification, standardization and normalization of male corporeality, focusing in particular on the representation and construction of ...
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ABSTRACT
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... so much easier: Archives New Zealand in Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington, the Auckland Maritime Museum, the Hocken Library, the Medical Library at the University of Otago, the Auckland University Library (particularly Christine... more
... so much easier: Archives New Zealand in Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington, the Auckland Maritime Museum, the Hocken Library, the Medical Library at the University of Otago, the Auckland University Library (particularly Christine Jackson and Philip Abela), the Airforce ...
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This article compares health promotion attitudes towards prostate cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Our aim is to demonstrate that these two apparently distinct conditions of the aging body – one affecting the male reproductive system, the... more
This article compares health promotion attitudes towards prostate cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Our aim is to demonstrate that these two apparently distinct conditions of the aging body – one affecting the male reproductive system, the other primarily the brain – are addressed in similar fashion in recent public health activities because of a growing emphasis on a ‘cardiovascular logic’. We suggest that this is a form of reductionism, and argue that it leaves us with a dangerous paradox: while re-transcending, at least partially, the conceptual separation of body and brain, it clouds much-needed discussion and research, such as contingent issues of socio-economic and socio-cultural disease disparities.
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This paper discusses the rise and fall of the theory of paternal transmission, drawing attention to the hitherto underresearched debates about the importance and impact of male-mediated harm to the embryo in reproduction that peaked... more
This paper discusses the rise and fall of the theory of paternal transmission, drawing attention to the hitherto underresearched debates about the importance and impact of male-mediated harm to the embryo in reproduction that
peaked around the turn of the twentieth century. The focus is on the implications of the twin ‘‘great social evils,’’ syphilis and alcohol, which converged at the time of a general transformation of medicine into experimental science and a concomitant rise in new concepts of heredity. Looking at the way in which the issue of time added to profound changes which were linked to particular visions of society and
changes in the politics of gender at the turn of the century, I examine the asymmetrical relationship of sociopolitical and epistemological dimensions of time and reproduction. The paper shows how these debates were positioned within the wider context of eugenics and in relation to concepts of male reproduction that involved fundamental political, social and moral dimensions.
peaked around the turn of the twentieth century. The focus is on the implications of the twin ‘‘great social evils,’’ syphilis and alcohol, which converged at the time of a general transformation of medicine into experimental science and a concomitant rise in new concepts of heredity. Looking at the way in which the issue of time added to profound changes which were linked to particular visions of society and
changes in the politics of gender at the turn of the century, I examine the asymmetrical relationship of sociopolitical and epistemological dimensions of time and reproduction. The paper shows how these debates were positioned within the wider context of eugenics and in relation to concepts of male reproduction that involved fundamental political, social and moral dimensions.
Using the example of ‘sperm tales’, borne out of the biomedical technologies that went hand in hand with the establishment of the ‘science of man’ (andrology), the article engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical... more
Using the example of ‘sperm tales’, borne out of the biomedical technologies that went hand in hand with the establishment of the ‘science of man’ (andrology), the article
engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical theories and concepts of what constitutes a ‘healthy’ reproductive male body. The article asks: how has the normative ideal male body been either perpetuated or interrogated through these tales of male reproduction at the interface between scientific and medical technologies? And how were changes to the normalization of male bodies central to clinical practices and cultural understandings of health and illness? With many aspects of the medical history
of male reproduction in the 20th century still unexplored, this article will focus on the growing intervention of biomedicine to ‘treat’ male infertility by way of the classification, standardization and normalization of male corporeality, focusing in particular on the
representation and construction of men and the male body, as reflected in medical science and practice from the second half of the 20th century onwards in Germany. The
article analyses the rise in importance of sperm in biomedical investigation, including a consideration of the construction of infertility as the defining force behind concepts of ‘healthy men’, and examines the related conceptualization of male reproductive bodies at the crossroad between ‘healthy’ and ‘normal’. It is argued that the ideal of male reproduction as being inherently healthy has lost ground. By the late 20th century, male bodies have become vulnerable, at least as represented in medical science and technology.
engages with the epistemic evolution of interrelated biomedical theories and concepts of what constitutes a ‘healthy’ reproductive male body. The article asks: how has the normative ideal male body been either perpetuated or interrogated through these tales of male reproduction at the interface between scientific and medical technologies? And how were changes to the normalization of male bodies central to clinical practices and cultural understandings of health and illness? With many aspects of the medical history
of male reproduction in the 20th century still unexplored, this article will focus on the growing intervention of biomedicine to ‘treat’ male infertility by way of the classification, standardization and normalization of male corporeality, focusing in particular on the
representation and construction of men and the male body, as reflected in medical science and practice from the second half of the 20th century onwards in Germany. The
article analyses the rise in importance of sperm in biomedical investigation, including a consideration of the construction of infertility as the defining force behind concepts of ‘healthy men’, and examines the related conceptualization of male reproductive bodies at the crossroad between ‘healthy’ and ‘normal’. It is argued that the ideal of male reproduction as being inherently healthy has lost ground. By the late 20th century, male bodies have become vulnerable, at least as represented in medical science and technology.
This article compares health-promotion attitudes towards prostate cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Our aim is to demonstrate that these two apparently distinct conditions of the aging body – one affecting the male reproductive system; the... more
This article compares health-promotion attitudes towards prostate cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Our aim is to demonstrate that these two apparently distinct conditions of the aging body – one affecting the male reproductive system; the other primarily the brain – are addressed in similar fashion in recent public-health activities because of a growing emphasis on a ‘cardiovascular logic’. We suggest that this is a form of reductionism, and argue that it leaves us with a dangerous paradox: While re-transcending, at least partially, the conceptual separation of body and brain, it clouds much-needed discussion and research, such as contingent issues of socio-economic and socio-cultural disease disparities.
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Aging Men, Masculinities and Modern Medicine explores the multiple socio-historical contexts surrounding men’s aging bodies in modern medicine from a global perspective. The first of its kind, it investigates the interrelated aspects of... more
Aging Men, Masculinities and Modern Medicine explores the multiple socio-historical contexts surrounding men’s aging bodies in modern medicine from a global perspective. The first of its kind, it investigates the interrelated aspects of aging, masculinities and biomedicine, allowing for a timely reconsideration of the conceptualisation of aging men within the recent explosion of social science studies on men’s health and biotechnologies including anti-aging perspectives.
This book discusses both healthy and diseased states of aging men in medical practices, bringing together theoretical and empirical conceptualisations. Divided into four parts it covers:
•Historical epistemology of aging, bodies and masculinity and the way in which the social sciences have theorised the aging body and gender.
•Material practices and processes by which biotechnology, medical assemblages and men’s aging bodies relate to concepts of health and illness.
•Aging experience and its impact upon male sexuality and identity.
•The importance of men’s roles and identities in care-giving situations and medical practices.
Highlighting how aging men’s bodies serve as trajectories for understanding wider issues of masculinity, and the way in which men’s social status and men’s roles are made in medical cultures, this innovative volume offers a multidisciplinary dialogue between sociology of health and illness, anthropology of the body and gender studies.
This book discusses both healthy and diseased states of aging men in medical practices, bringing together theoretical and empirical conceptualisations. Divided into four parts it covers:
•Historical epistemology of aging, bodies and masculinity and the way in which the social sciences have theorised the aging body and gender.
•Material practices and processes by which biotechnology, medical assemblages and men’s aging bodies relate to concepts of health and illness.
•Aging experience and its impact upon male sexuality and identity.
•The importance of men’s roles and identities in care-giving situations and medical practices.
Highlighting how aging men’s bodies serve as trajectories for understanding wider issues of masculinity, and the way in which men’s social status and men’s roles are made in medical cultures, this innovative volume offers a multidisciplinary dialogue between sociology of health and illness, anthropology of the body and gender studies.
This book explores the social history of venereal disease and public health in New Zealand in the twentieth-century by re-evaluating existing international scholarship on disease control and issues of morality. By using untapped archival... more
This book explores the social history of venereal disease and public health in New Zealand in the twentieth-century by re-evaluating existing international scholarship on disease control and issues of morality. By using untapped archival material, this case study highlights the wider importance in international research into the interception of health agencies and targeted groups and the impact of gender, race and class on the venereal disease debate. "...makes an original and valuable contribution" (Raelene Frances, Journal of the History of Sexuality 2012). "This is a book of interest to historians and to sexual health practitioners." (Janet McCalman, Medical History 2011). "...helps us to see why venereal diseases and STDs are so hard to control and adds to the growing international literature." (Barbara Brookes, Journal for the Social History of Medicine 2009)
Drawing on Rose and Novas’s concept of “biological citizenship” and Michel Foucault's "practices of self", this paper reflects on how men become agents of their own therapeutic regimens, and yet internalise messages of risk and practices... more
Drawing on Rose and Novas’s concept of “biological citizenship” and Michel Foucault's "practices of self", this paper reflects on how men become agents of their own therapeutic regimens, and yet internalise messages of risk and practices of self within early detection of prostate cancer discourses in the late 20th century. In doing so, it traces the ways in which concepts of age, gender and risk converge at the problematic site of prostate cancer and preventative health strategies, both of the state and the medical profession. Analysing how insecurities have simultaneously resulted in over-promoting and over-diagnosing risk, thereby blurring the lines between normal and pathological states of health and aging, the paper finishes with a critical discussion on how men have adopted self-surveying and attuned themselves to risk discourses. Suggestions are made for future research on comparative gender studies on embodied concepts of self and cancer screening and the relation between differential aging, risk management and the concept of the body.
Anti-aging, the idea that medical or quasi-medical concepts can intervene in the aging process to slow, stop, or even reverse the process of growing old, has become a popular and scientific buzz-word throughout the Western world. This... more
Anti-aging, the idea that medical or quasi-medical concepts can intervene in the aging process to slow, stop, or even reverse the process of growing old, has become a popular and scientific buzz-word throughout the Western world. This special issue focuses specifically on biomedicine and its relation to anti-aging cultures by contextualising this complex topic through an interdisciplinary approach that draws upon ethics, cultural anthropology, sociology, and history to offer a new understanding of biomedicine as a social and cultural practice as it engages with Western society’s quest for longevity. Emphasising the historical and socio-cultural context of the way anti-aging movements have constructed aging bodies and the aging process, a number of key themes are identified: the competing definitions of old age within biomedicine, medicalisation of old age, the ethics of the anti-aging market, and the contested nature of anti-aging as a legitimate field of gerontology. Suggestions for further research areas for the study of anti-aging medicine and its role in western society are developed, specifically: the need to contrast the science and biomedicine of antiaging with those who are experiencing this “targeted” age, paying closer attention to the different stages of old age and to the gender dynamic involved, considering the social and economic differences found amongst the elderly, and analysing the role of the media in forming and shaping anti-aging and biomedicine discourses. The papers in this special issue illustrate the multifaceted nature of anti-aging in the field of biomedicine and its related shifting of the meaning of old age.
As in other countries, in order to protect the public from venereal disease (syphilis and gonorrhoea), contact tracing in New Zealand has been a public health strategy since the mid-20th century. So far, scholars have predominantly... more
As in other countries, in order to protect the public from venereal disease (syphilis and gonorrhoea), contact tracing in New Zealand has been a public health strategy since the mid-20th century. So far, scholars have predominantly focused on the aspect of control of the cases traced. Based on a rare interview with a female contact tracer, together with a range of archival material, this article aims to expand the scholarship by focusing on the tracer instead of the patient. Using Erving Goffman's original concept of `courtesy stigma', the article will show that his idea can be nuanced to take into account contact tracers and the ways in which this stigma can be refracted through gender. Working as a tracer had a distinct impact on her life and possibly even her marital status, which were compromised by secrecy, stigma, morality and the demands of public health policies — aspects that were, paradoxically, quite similar to those she traced. The courtesy stigma that contact tracers for venereal disease acquired limited their professional options, as well as isolated them in the non-stigmatized social world.
This article evaluates the significance of race in the development of government policies regarding venereal disease, and explores the hitherto little understood impact that associated public health campaigns had on Maori in the 1930s and... more
This article evaluates the significance of race in the development of government policies regarding venereal disease, and explores the hitherto little understood impact that associated public health campaigns had on Maori in the 1930s and 1940s. Utilizing surveys of the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhoea in Whakatane as a starting point, this Essay examines the relationship between Maori, doctors and the Department in the public health
campaigns against VD.
campaigns against VD.
The first world wide symposium on the topic of gender-specific medicine provided the latest research on differences in sex and/or gender in medicine and medical care. The presentations ranged beyond the topic of reproduction to encompass... more
The first world wide symposium on the topic of gender-specific medicine provided the latest research on differences in sex and/or gender in medicine and medical care. The presentations ranged beyond the topic of reproduction to encompass the entire human organism. This Report critically reviews three issues that emerged during the Conference: gender mainstreaming, the concept of sex/gender differences and the issue of men's health. It suggests that the interdisciplinary concept of gender-specific medicine has to be mirrored by the integration of social and cultural studies into medical research and practice.