Nikolaus G . O . Boroffka
German Archaeological Institute, Eurasia Department, Department Member
- Romanian Archaeology, Archaeology, Craftsmen, SE-Europe, Archaeometallurgy, Metallurgy, and 41 moreSocial Structure, Raw materials trade, Archaeology of Mining, Archaeology of Central Asia, Archaeology of Social status, Geoarchaeology, Neolithic hoards, Eurasian Nomads, Central Asia, Jadeite Axe, Cucuteni-Tripolye culture, Teutonic Knights, Research Methodology, Bronze Age, Pottery, 3rd Millennium BC, Mediterranean, Vucedol Culture, Baden culture, Cetina Culture, Lerna, Olympia, Aegean Bronze Age, Balkans, South Asian Archaeology, Eurasia, Transport, Kazakhstan, Eurasian Prehistory, Ritual theory and practice (Archaeology), Laszlo Simon, Gonur Depe, Neolithic Alpine axeheads, from the Continent to Great Britain, the Isle of Man and Ireland, Ancient jewellery, Hallstatt and Latene period Middle Europe, Tureng Tepe, Vampirism and Feminism, Menga. Revista de Prehistoria de Andalucía, Andrijana Pravidur, cultura Glina, and Medicineedit
- I am currently working mainly in Central Asia, with a major interest in the early metal ages (Eneolithic to Iron Age)... moreI am currently working mainly in Central Asia, with a major interest in the early metal ages (Eneolithic to Iron Age). At the same time I am still working on the metal ages of South-East Europe, especially Romania. I am also still heading excavations and projects in both regions. Special interests, besides the periods mentioned, are (long-distance) trade, resource uses, raw material exploitation, mining & metallurgy, transport, social structures, religious ideas, hoarding and the interpretation of ritual deposits.edit
SCHÄßBURG – WEINBERG / SIGHIŞOARA – DEALUL VIILOR II Archäologische Grabungen bei der Fundstelle „Gräberfeld” / „Necropolă”, 2020 printed Book appeared. Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of... more
SCHÄßBURG – WEINBERG / SIGHIŞOARA – DEALUL VIILOR II Archäologische Grabungen bei der Fundstelle „Gräberfeld” / „Necropolă”, 2020
printed Book appeared.
Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of settlements and burials from the Bronze Age to the Medieval Period.
Here only the title-pages and contents are shown.
This project has been fulfilled - the book has been printed and can now be ordered at:
https://www.cetateadescaun.ro/produs/schasburg-weinberg-sighisoara-dealul-viilor/
Preface, Romanian and English summaries are freely available at the website.
The stated price of 199,00 lei (RON) corresponds to roughly € ± 41 (depending on the excghange rate) and is without packaging & postage, which can be quite expensive outside Romania.
printed Book appeared.
Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of settlements and burials from the Bronze Age to the Medieval Period.
Here only the title-pages and contents are shown.
This project has been fulfilled - the book has been printed and can now be ordered at:
https://www.cetateadescaun.ro/produs/schasburg-weinberg-sighisoara-dealul-viilor/
Preface, Romanian and English summaries are freely available at the website.
The stated price of 199,00 lei (RON) corresponds to roughly € ± 41 (depending on the excghange rate) and is without packaging & postage, which can be quite expensive outside Romania.
Research Interests:
printed Book appeared. Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of settlements and burials from the Bronze Age to the Medieval Period. Here only the title-pages and contents are shown. This project... more
printed Book appeared.
Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of settlements and burials from the Bronze Age to the Medieval Period.
Here only the title-pages and contents are shown.
This project has been fulfilled - the book has been printed and can now be ordered at:
https://www.cetateadescaun.ro/produs/schasburg-weinberg-sighisoara-dealul-viilor/
Preface, Romanian and English summaries are freely available at the website.
The stated price of 199,00 lei (RON) corresponds to roughly € ± 41 (depending on the excghange rate) and is without packaging & postage, which can be quite expensive outside Romania.
Publication of excavation results from Sighişoara / Segesvár /Schäßburg. Site of settlements and burials from the Bronze Age to the Medieval Period.
Here only the title-pages and contents are shown.
This project has been fulfilled - the book has been printed and can now be ordered at:
https://www.cetateadescaun.ro/produs/schasburg-weinberg-sighisoara-dealul-viilor/
Preface, Romanian and English summaries are freely available at the website.
The stated price of 199,00 lei (RON) corresponds to roughly € ± 41 (depending on the excghange rate) and is without packaging & postage, which can be quite expensive outside Romania.
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Introduction to the volume: A Millennium of History. The Iron Age in southern Central Asia (2nd and 1st Millennia BC). Proceedings of the conference held in Berlin (June 23-25, 2014). Dedicated to the memory of Viktor Ivanovich Sarianidi.... more
Introduction to the volume: A Millennium of History. The Iron Age in southern Central Asia (2nd and 1st Millennia BC). Proceedings of the conference held in Berlin (June 23-25, 2014). Dedicated to the memory of Viktor Ivanovich Sarianidi.
Archäologie in Iran und Turan, Band 17 & Mémoires de la Délégation Archéologique Française en Afghanistan, Volume XXXV
For the moment only the first page may be uploaded, since there is a 2-year moratorium on making studies openly accessible in this series.
Archäologie in Iran und Turan, Band 17 & Mémoires de la Délégation Archéologique Française en Afghanistan, Volume XXXV
For the moment only the first page may be uploaded, since there is a 2-year moratorium on making studies openly accessible in this series.
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Svend Hansen (Hrsg.), Archäologische Forschungen in Kasachstan, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan und Usbekistan. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Eurasien Abteilung (Berlin 2010) / Николаус Бороффка, Свенд Хансен (Hrsg.), Археологические исследования в Казахстане, Таджикистане, Туркменистане и Узбекистане. Германский Археологический Институт, Евразийский Отдел (Берлин 2010).more
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Svend Hansen (Hrsg.), Archäologische Forschungen in Kasachstan, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan und Usbekistan. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Eurasien Abteilung (Berlin 2010) / Николаус Бороффка, Свенд Ханзен (Hrsg.), Козоғстон, Тожикистон, Туркменистон ва Ўзбекистонда археологик тадқиқот ишлари. Германский Археологический Институт, Евразийский Отдел (Берлин 2010).more
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Svend Hansen (Hrsg.), Archäologische Forschungen in Kasachstan, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan und Usbekistan. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Eurasien Abteilung (Berlin 2010) / Николаус Бороффка, Свенд Хансен (Hrsg.), Қазақстан, Тәжікстан, Туркіменстан және Өзбекстандағияльıқ ғылыми зерттеулер. Германский Археологический Институт, Евразийский Отдел (Берлин 2010).more
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Hermann Parzinger and Nikolaus Boroffka (unter Mitarbeit von Kabul Alimov, Mira Bubnova, Jurij F. Burjakov, Jusuf Jakubov, Ernst Pernicka, Gerd Weisgerber und mit Beiträgen von Anvar Atachodžaev, Norbert Benecke, Jochen Görsdorf), Das Zinn der Bronzezeit in Mittelasien I. Die siedlungsarchäologischen Forschungen im Umfeld der Zinnlagerstätten. Archäologie in Iran und Turan 5. Verlag Philipp von Zabern (Mainz am Rhein [2003]).more
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Research Interests: Demography, Archaeology, Medieval History, Iron Age, Romania, and 3 moreBalkans, Bronze Age, and SE-Europe
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The recent excavations at the site of Molali, located in southern Uzbekistan and dated to the mid-second millennium BCE, offer new insights into the definition of the Final Bronze Age pottery complex in southern Uzbekistan and the... more
The recent excavations at the site of Molali, located in southern Uzbekistan and dated to the mid-second millennium BCE, offer new insights into the definition of the Final Bronze Age pottery complex in southern Uzbekistan and the technological and stylistic links between the potting traditions of the various cultural groups at this period. An archaeometric study has been conducted in order to characterize the various wares, investigate the compositional variability of the ceramic assemblage, and determine the provenance of the raw materials. The results from a combination of techniques (Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray Diffraction, and thin section Optical Microscopy) allowed us to identify a local pottery production of wheel-made fine ware and to determine the local/regional origin of the handmade, coarse, shell-tempered ware. Exchange relationships with 'steppe' populations have been confirmed; they involved not only vessels (coarse rock-tempered pots) but also pottery traditions (specific 'steppe'-like decorations on pots of regional origin). Although not numerous, they are nonetheless evidence of large-scale connections between the settlements in the Surkhan Darya valley and other peripheral cultures and areas in the mid-second millennium BCE. The diversity of fabrics (use of various raw materials and different technological processes) is also discussed regarding the choices made for intrinsic material properties required for specific functions, highlighting the strong expertise and management acquired by the potters for the production of diverse ceramic functional categories.
Research Interests: Ancient History, Geography, Archaeology, Ceramic Technology, Archaeology of Central Asia, and 11 moreBMAC Archaeology, Provenance studies of archaeological material, Civilization, Central Asian Archaeology, Pottery, Uzbekistan, Bronze Age, Bronze, Andronovo, Oxus Civilization, and Pottery Archaeology
Two idols from the site of Livezile "La Izvoru Popii", judet Alba in Romania are analysed. They are made from the frontal part of a lower jaw (mandibula) with forward incisors (incisivi 1 right and 1 left) of a domestic pig (Sus... more
Two idols from the site of Livezile "La Izvoru Popii", judet Alba in Romania are analysed. They are made from the frontal part of a lower jaw (mandibula) with forward incisors (incisivi 1 right and 1 left) of a domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus). They are polished and perforated near the top. Thus, the perforations represent eyes and the incisors feet. This type of idol is so far unknown in the literature. It is concluded on the basis of the accompanying finds and the small number of analogies that the two idols belong to the end of the Copper Age or the beginning of the Early Bronze Age. They probably served as pendants or amulets, as is suggested by the holes. However, it is not clear whether or not they can be linked with burial ritual.Obravnavana sta dva idola iz najdišča Livezile "La Izvoru Popii", JudeJ Alba, Romunija. Izdelana sta iz sprednjega dela spodnje čeljustnice (mandibula) s prednjimi zobmi-sekalci (incisivi 1 desno in 1 levo) domače svinje (Sus ...
The DFG-Project "RESAF – Ressources and antique mining in Afghanistan", began in June 2017 as a continuation of the research supported so far by the German Foreign Ministry. The development of the geo information systems (GIS)... more
The DFG-Project "RESAF – Ressources and antique mining in Afghanistan", began in June 2017 as a continuation of the research supported so far by the German Foreign Ministry. The development of the geo information systems (GIS) and the database for archaeometallurgy and mining in Afghanistan are basic aims of the project. Moreover, the documentation and protection of endangered cultural heritage sites and archaeological finds are central topics, as well as capacity building in workshops and trainee programmes for Afghani colleagues held in Germany, are crucial to support sustainable local archaeological work and heritage management in the country.
The settlement and burials of Molali, southern Uzbekistan, were discovered and partly studied in the early 1970s. They became eponymous for a stage of the Late Bronze Age although only few materials were published. Re-identified in 2010,... more
The settlement and burials of Molali, southern Uzbekistan, were discovered and partly studied in the early 1970s. They became eponymous for a stage of the Late Bronze Age although only few materials were published. Re-identified in 2010, an Uzbek-German team worked on the settlement in 2012 and 2013. The site was formerly located along 400–500 m on the right bank of a stream and had a width of ca. 200 m, much of which is destroyed or covered by the modern village. Three Bronze Age building phases and a Medieval cemetery could be excavated.
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The Bronze Age city-site of Gonur Depe in the Margiana has been excavated by V. I. Sarianidi and his team for many years. Since 2010 the Eurasia Department is taking part in the research. New work has been carried out in the eastern part... more
The Bronze Age city-site of Gonur Depe in the Margiana has been excavated by V. I. Sarianidi and his team for many years. Since 2010 the Eurasia Department is taking part in the research. New work has been carried out in the eastern part of the city inside the surrounding wall, in an area just outside the northern gate of the city wall, where architecture and burials were discovered, as well as in outlying rural sites and by surveying the surroundings to around 10 km distance from the central city.
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L’ ouvrage A Millennium of History. The Iron Age in southern Central Asia (fig. 1) a été réalisé sous la direction de Johanna Lhuillier (Archéorient) et Nikolaus Boroffka (Deustches Archäologisches Institut) et coédité dans les... more
L’ ouvrage A Millennium of History. The Iron Age in southern Central Asia (fig. 1) a été réalisé sous la direction de Johanna Lhuillier (Archéorient) et Nikolaus Boroffka (Deustches Archäologisches Institut) et coédité dans les collections “Archäologie in Iran und Turan” et “Mémoires de la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan” avec le soutien de la Fondation Alexander von Humboldt. Il regroupe 18 contributions présentées lors d’un colloque qui s’est tenu à Berlin en juin 2014. Pa..
“A Millennium of History” contains new research on 1000 years of history by international scientists. The Iron Age is framed by two major cultural changes: the end of Bronze Age urban civilizations and their huge cemeteries and the... more
“A Millennium of History” contains new research on 1000 years of history by international scientists. The Iron Age is framed by two major cultural changes: the end of Bronze Age urban civilizations and their huge cemeteries and the conquest of Central Asia by Alexander the Great. The integration of the region into the Achaemenid Persian Empire lies at its core. Radical social changes in settlements, technology, networks and spiritual life may be connected to the roots of the Avesta and the Zoroastrian religion, which became official in the Persian Empire. A new look at texts and archaeology demonstrates full integration of Bactria and Sogdia into Achaemenid Empire during the 6th Century BC.
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r brief overview of Romani history in Romania is followed by some modern observations, especially as regards the accumulation of wealth and its conspicuous display in specific forms and on certain occasions. r consideration of the modern... more
r brief overview of Romani history in Romania is followed by some modern observations, especially as regards the accumulation of wealth and its conspicuous display in specific forms and on certain occasions. r consideration of the modern situation from an archaeological point of view asserts that what we as archaeologists would view as an elite is indeed an elite (within the Romani population), but on thewhole is amarginalizedminority facing discrimination. The article asks what we actually recognize as elite when we speak archaeologically of ‘royal’ graves, and invokes the possibility of increased attention to multi-ethnic or multicultural communities in prehistoric times.
Research Interests: Geography and Prehistory
Publication of new Bronze Age finds & hoards from the Republic of Moldavia.
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Svend Hansen (eds.), Archäologische Forschungen in Kasachstan, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan und Usbekistan. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Eurasien Abteilung (Berlin 2010) / Николаус Бороффка, Свенд Хансен (ред.), Қазақстан, Тәжікстан, Туркіменстан және Өзбекстандағияльıқ ғ...more
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N. Boroffka, Probleme der jungbronzezeitlichen Keramik in Ostungarn und Westrumänien. In: H. Ciugudean, N. Boroffka (ed.), The Early Hallstatt Period (1200-700 B.C.) in South-Eastern Europe. Proceedings of the International Symposium from Alba Iulia, 10-12 June, 1993. Bibliotheca Musei Apulensis ...more
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Publication of an Iron Age burial from Transylvania (Romania). Scythian burial with western goods, showing cultural contacts to modern former Yugoslavia.
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N. Boroffka, Rasiermesser der Bronze- und Hallstattzeit aus Rumänien. In: C. Becker, M.-L. Dunkelmann, C. Metzner-Nebelsick, H. Peter-Röcher, M. Roeder, B. Teržan (ed.), Χρόvoς. Beiträge zur prähistorischen Archäologie zwischen Nord- und Südosteuropa. Festschrift für Bernhard Hänsel. Internationa...more
Publication of Bronze Age to Early Iron Age metal razors from Romania and discussion of their classification, chronology & distribution.
Extensive discussion of the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age psalia (Cheek-pieces, horse-harness) from Romania, with practically all then known analogies from Eurasia given in lists. Contribution to chariots, racing, ritual symbolism and... more
Extensive discussion of the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age psalia (Cheek-pieces, horse-harness) from Romania, with practically all then known analogies from Eurasia given in lists. Contribution to chariots, racing, ritual symbolism and others.
Early Neolithic settlement site in Transylvania (Romania)
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alvage excavation report on the Medieval town center of Luckau. Diskussion of the "German" Colonization and the beginning of Hard-fired gray pottery.
Publication of survey finds of the palaeolithic period.
N. G. O. Boroffka, Probleme der späten Otomani-Kultur. In: Jan Gancarski (ed.), Kultura Otomani-Füzesabony - rozwój, chronologia, gospodarka. Materiały z konferencji archeologicznej Dukla, 27-28.11.1997/Die Otomani-Füzesabony-Kultur - Entwicklung, Chronologie, Wirtschaft. Materialien der archäolo...more
Discussion of the pottery and chronology of the Bronze Age Otomani Culture of Hungary, Romania and Slovakia.
Brief report on the excavations around Bandikhan, southern Uzbekistan. Monuments of various periods, spanning the time from the Iron Age to the Early Medieval Period.
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Obituary for the archaeologist B. Wanzek, specialist on the Bronze Age of SE-Europe and excavator of several sites in Germany. In Romanian
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Obituary for the well known archaeologist and friend, who laid the base for muc of Central Asian archaeology. In German
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Obituary for the well known archaeologist, who laid the base for much of Central Asian archaeology. In English
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In memory of Dr. Burger Wanzek, an excellent colleague & archaeologist of Bronze Age Europe. In German
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Research Interests: Archaeology, Ritual, Ritual, Ritual, Ritual, and 29 moreRitual, Ritual, Theory, Theory, Theory, Culture, Culture, Culture, Bulgaria, Ritual Theory, Archaeology of Ritual and Magic, Black Sea region, Moldova, Burials, Ukraine, Romania, South-Eastern Europe, Review, Bronze Age, the Carpathian Basin, Europe, Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin, Hungary, Carpathian Basin, Burial Customs, Slovakia, Danube region, Funerary discoveries, and Tradition (Archaeology)
Research Interests: Archaeology, Ritual, Theory, Culture, Bulgaria, and 19 moreRitual Theory, Archaeology of Ritual and Magic, Black Sea region, Moldova, Burials, Ukraine, Romania, Tradition, South-Eastern Europe, Review, Bronze Age, Europe, Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin, Hungary, Carpathian Basin, Burial Customs, Slovakia, Danube region, and Funerary discoveries
Research Interests: Archaeology, Bronze Age, Moldavia, Chronology, Hoards, and 3 moreEneolithic, Metal, and Republica Moldova
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Review: Pierre Briant (ed.), Irrigation et drainage dans l´Antiquité, qanāts et canalisations souterraines en Iran, en Égypte et en Grèce, séminaire tenu au Collège de France. Persika 2 ([Paris 2001]). Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan 35-36, 2003-2004 (2005), pp. 451-455.more
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Nikolaus Boroffka, Review: Pierre Gentelle, Prospections archéologiques en Bactriane Orientale (1974-1978) 1. Données paléogéographiques et fondements de l´irrigation. Mémoires de la Mission Archéologique Française en Asie Centrale 3 (Paris 1989); Bertille Lyonnet, Prospections archéologiques en Bactriane Orientale (1974-1978) 2. Céramique et peuplememnt du Chalcolithique à la conquête arabe. Mémoires de la Mission Archéologique Française en Asie Centrale 8 (Paris 1997); Jean-Claude Gardin (avec la collaboration d´Hélène Scour), Prospections archéologiques en Bactriane Orientale (1974-1978) 3. Description des sites et notes de synthèse. Mémoires de la Mission Archéologique Française en Asie Centrale 9 (Paris 1998). Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan 33, 2001, pp. 449-456.more
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N. Boroffka, Review: Heidi Peter-Röcher, Kannibalismus in der prähistorischen Forschung. Studien zu einer paradigmatischen Deutung und ihren Grundlagen. Universitätsforschungen zur Prähistorischen Archäologie 20, Aus dem Seminar für Ur- und Frühgeschichte der Freien Universität Berlin (Bonn 1994). Studii şi Cercetări de Istorie Veche şi Arheologie 46, 1995, pp. 83-87.more
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N. Boroffka, Review: Richard Bradley, The passage of arms. An archaeological analysis of prehistoric hoards and votive deposits. xvi + 243 Seiten, 15 Tafeln, 41 Abbildungen. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge 1990). ISBN 0.521.38446.X. Praehistorische Zeitschrift (Berlin) 69, 1994, pp. 99-102.more
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N. Boroffka, Review: Gh. Lazarovici, Grupul şi staţiunea Iclod, Cluj, 1991, 42 S. und mehreren Abbildungen und Tabellen im Text. Gh. Lazarovici und Zoia Maxim-Kalmar, Tărtăria, Cluj, 1991, 28 S., 6 Abbildungen, 4 Tafeln im Text. Zoia Maxim-Kalmar, Turdaş, Cluj, 1991, 20 S., 8 Abbildungen. Dacia N.S. 37, 1993 (1995), pp. 339-340.more
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N. Boroffka, Review: Simpozium international "Cultura Vinča - rolul şi legăturile sale", Reşiţa, Băile Herculane, Timişoara. In memoriam prof. dr. doc. Vladimir Dumitrescu (19 oct./1 nov. 1991), (Banatica 11, 1991), Reşiţa, 1991, 325 p. mit zahlreichen Abbildungen und Tabellen im Text. Dacia N.S. 37, 1993 (1995), pp. 337-338.more
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In Central Asia and Khorasan, the Bronze Age is known for major socio-historic phenomena, such as urbanization, the intensification of agriculture with the development of irrigation systems, an increase in social stratification, the... more
In Central Asia and Khorasan, the Bronze Age is known for major socio-historic phenomena, such as urbanization, the intensification of agriculture with the development of irrigation systems, an increase in social stratification, the formation of a central authority in territorial organization, the development of long-distance exchange networks, technological advances – in particular in metallurgy – as well as a higher degree of pastoral mobility. Sociocultural interactions between the northern and the southern part of Central Asia became more complex, thereby affecting the historical development of the diverse communities.
Much research has been done or is currently in progress in the whole of Central Asia and north-eastern Iran, which now provides important data for renewing the discussion on various issues. New discoveries have been made during recent years, and innovative approaches, such as the social interpretation of material culture in particular, have achieved major results.
Overall, this conference intends to share new information between scholars and to tackle the obstacles, the weaknesses and the unsolved questions, leading towards a better identification of the historical and evolutionary processes in Central Eurasian Bronze Age societies.
Much research has been done or is currently in progress in the whole of Central Asia and north-eastern Iran, which now provides important data for renewing the discussion on various issues. New discoveries have been made during recent years, and innovative approaches, such as the social interpretation of material culture in particular, have achieved major results.
Overall, this conference intends to share new information between scholars and to tackle the obstacles, the weaknesses and the unsolved questions, leading towards a better identification of the historical and evolutionary processes in Central Eurasian Bronze Age societies.