Pedro Hespanha
Universidade de Coimbra, Centro de Estudos Sociais, Faculty Member
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La question du logement dans les zones rurales se pose, en grande partie, en dehors de la sphere de l'Etat et de celle du marche. Cependant, certains indicateurs lies a l'habitation en propriete privee ou au processus de la fin de... more
La question du logement dans les zones rurales se pose, en grande partie, en dehors de la sphere de l'Etat et de celle du marche. Cependant, certains indicateurs lies a l'habitation en propriete privee ou au processus de la fin de la cohabitation paraissent suggerer que cette question a trouve une reponse satisfaisante dans le cadre des ressources locales. Cherchant a examiner l'hypothese de la societe-providence dans ce domaine particulier, les AA. rendent compte d'une etude sur les pratiques de construction individuelle de l'habitat. Cette etude, realisee dans un village, montre comment les reseaux parentaux et de voisinage sont mobilises tout au long du processus qui aboutit a l'habitation en propriete privee. Sont analysees ici successivement les strategies d'accumulation et d'agencement des ressources, les sytemes de preferences et de priorites lies au travail et au mode de vie, a la composition des reseaux d'entraide et aux modeles de reciprocite, aux formes de rapport aux institutions bureaucratiques ainsi qu'a l'option entre la legalite et la clandestinite quand il s'agit de fuir les entraves bureaucratiques
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As relações entre o Estado e a Sociedade civil atravessam em Portugal um período de profunda transformação. Não se trata de um fenómeno especificamente português, mas antes de um fenómeno universal que ocorre em Portugal com alguma... more
As relações entre o Estado e a Sociedade civil atravessam em Portugal um período de profunda transformação. Não se trata de um fenómeno especificamente português, mas antes de um fenómeno universal que ocorre em Portugal com alguma especificidade. Esta especificidade decorre do facto de a sociedade civil ter sido entre nós tradicionalmente dependente do Estado, deixando que mesmo as áreas de regulação social autónoma tenham sido muitas vezes tuteladas pelo Estado. A reconstituição por que passa actualmente o Estado, sobretudo nos países centrais do sistema mundial, envolve, em geral, a devolução à sociedade civil de áreas ou aspectos da regulação social que anteriormente tinham sido confiadas ao Estado, do que decorre uma maior autonomização das práticas sociais não estatais e uma renovada proeminência dos actores sociais. o presente projecto pretende analisar o modo como este processo de reconstituição está a ocorrer em Portugal. A hipótese central é que, dada a tradicional dependê...
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The reduced level of unemployment during the last decade in Portugal has concealed the persistence of very diverse forms of work, some of them undoubtedly pre-modern ones. This diversity is partly owing to both the character and structure... more
The reduced level of unemployment during the last decade in Portugal has concealed the persistence of very diverse forms of work, some of them undoubtedly pre-modern ones. This diversity is partly owing to both the character and structure of labour market (given the ...
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... Title: Através dos Campos dos Senhores da Terra. Notas para o Estudo da Grande Lavoura Alentejana Oitocentista. Authors: Hespanha, Pedro. Issue Date: May-1983. Publisher: Centro de Estudos Sociais. Citation: Revista Crítica de... more
... Title: Através dos Campos dos Senhores da Terra. Notas para o Estudo da Grande Lavoura Alentejana Oitocentista. Authors: Hespanha, Pedro. Issue Date: May-1983. Publisher: Centro de Estudos Sociais. Citation: Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais. 11 (1983) 61-80. ...
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Communal lands were essential for the survival of communities in pre-modern societies being traditionally used for cultivation or grazing, collecting wood or stone for buildings, bushes for fuel or for fertilization, honey production,... more
Communal lands were essential for the survival of communities in pre-modern societies being traditionally used for cultivation or grazing, collecting wood or stone for buildings, bushes for fuel or for fertilization, honey production, etc. In Portugal, they have survived to this day, despite the attacks that were driven mainly from the second half of the eighteenth century by an adverse state inspired by liberal thinking and by a fierce and powerful rural bourgeoisie who anxiously wanted to lay hands on these lands. The fact that communities have had to face attacks from different antagonists (feudal nobility, gentlemen farmers, landowning bourgeoisie, physiocratic, liberal and positivist thinkers, modern state administration) has strengthened ties and strengthened collective action in communities. The recognition of community property by the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic of 1976 was an opportunity to recreate new forms of use of common goods more appropriate to contempora...
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Noticiári
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Este Caderno aborda em profundidade as políticas de emprego levadas a cabo de 2010 a 2015 – abrangendo o período de intervenção da Troica – e as suas principais linhas de orientação. E analisa a sua instabilidade, o seu grau de eficácia,... more
Este Caderno aborda em profundidade as políticas de emprego levadas a cabo de 2010 a 2015 – abrangendo o período de intervenção da Troica – e as suas principais linhas de orientação. E analisa a sua instabilidade, o seu grau de eficácia, bem como a forma como os serviços públicos foram perdendo diversidade de medidas e se transformaram num labirinto de medidas, sem os devidos recursos disponíveis para as acompanhar, abrindo cada vez mais a porta – até por via de protocolos do Estado – a entidades privadas para colmatar as lacunas deixadas
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SE a tsoria oritioa sonstitui vuma analiss inconforrnista do qua exists para detsotar sot: as roupagsns da rsalidado aparsnts as altsrnativas qua foram ssndo desoartadas», sntao ha qua rsoonhsosr qua nao faltam motivos para qus ela vsnha... more
SE a tsoria oritioa sonstitui vuma analiss inconforrnista do qua exists para detsotar sot: as roupagsns da rsalidado aparsnts as altsrnativas qua foram ssndo desoartadas», sntao ha qua rsoonhsosr qua nao faltam motivos para qus ela vsnha a rsgislar urn forte impulso ea ...
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This paper examines local responses to macro processes of change that took place in Portugal during the last decade, which was highlighted by the accession of Portugal to the European Community in 1986, the revision of the Community's... more
This paper examines local responses to macro processes of change that took place in Portugal during the last decade, which was highlighted by the accession of Portugal to the European Community in 1986, the revision of the Community's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in 1992, and the new Agreement on International Trade (1993). A strong modernlzing impetus at the national level could not be maintained by the feeble and unprepared public and private structures in the countryside. What seems to be specific to the global-local interaction in Portuguese rural areas is the generalized inability of different strata of the rural population to take advantage of the new opportunities afforded by globalization for their own benefit. Consequently, new vulnerabilities and dependencies arose, including the abandonment of farming, the decline of traditional production, the collapse of modernizing programs, distrust of state proposals, and the general spread of a pessimistic state of mind, dis...
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Em Portugal, a obrigação de os trabalhadores desempregados se manterem disponíveis para aceitarem um trabalho…
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Il est aujourd'hui généralement reconnu que ni la famille ni les groupes primaires n'ont perdu l'importance qu'ils ont toujours eue dans le domaine de la prestation de soins et, en général, dans l'amélioration du... more
Il est aujourd'hui généralement reconnu que ni la famille ni les groupes primaires n'ont perdu l'importance qu'ils ont toujours eue dans le domaine de la prestation de soins et, en général, dans l'amélioration du bien-être individuel, même dans les pays qui ont poussé ...
O ultimo quartel do sec. XX tem-se encarregado de mostrar que os nossos sistemas de proteccao social se estao a tornar obsoletos. O caracter passivo das politicas, concebidas para tratarem de situacoes de risco conjuntural, compensando os... more
O ultimo quartel do sec. XX tem-se encarregado de mostrar que os nossos sistemas de proteccao social se estao a tornar obsoletos. O caracter passivo das politicas, concebidas para tratarem de situacoes de risco conjuntural, compensando os cidadaos pelos prejuizos sofridos, tornou-se manifestamente desajustado para situacoes de risco estrutural, como o desemprego de longa duracao, situacoes que exigem um esforco de increrao social so possivel com medidas de politicas activas. O Estado-providencia activo de que necessitamos nao visa apenas indemnizar, mas sim responder directamente as necessidades sociais, intervindo a um nivel mais amplo das estruturas sociais onde os proprios problemas se geram. Nele, as politicas sociais assumem uma forma integrada e compreensiva, que rompe com as compartimentacoes artificiais entre os riscos, as medidas de politica e as instituicoes sociais impostas pela especializacao burocratica. Ao mesmo tempo, o direito de insercao torna-se a categoria central...
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Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia; COMPETE; QREN; Uniao Europeia; FEDER; Universidade de Coimbra
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The Luxembourg process is the outcome of a long journey and of a whole range of ideas. It has emerged because of a strong desire for coordinated action at the European level, but has been strongly resisted by forces and institutions... more
The Luxembourg process is the outcome of a long journey and of a whole range of ideas. It has emerged because of a strong desire for coordinated action at the European level, but has been strongly resisted by forces and institutions deeply embedded in national cultures ...
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Os baixos niveis de escolaridade, as elevadas taxas de abandono e insucesso escolar, as dificuldades de acesso ao primeiro emprego colocam Portugal numa posicao particularmente desfavoravel quando se comparam esses dados com os de outros... more
Os baixos niveis de escolaridade, as elevadas taxas de abandono e insucesso escolar, as dificuldades de acesso ao primeiro emprego colocam Portugal numa posicao particularmente desfavoravel quando se comparam esses dados com os de outros paises nossos parceiros na Uniao Europeia. As causas do problema sao diversas e tem sido amplamente estudadas, sabendo-se hoje que elas nao sao atribuiveis em exclusivo a nenhuma das instituicoes que tem a cargo ocupar-se dos jovens, sejam elas a escola, a familia, a comunidade, os empregadores ou as actividades de lazer, mas sim a todas elas em conjunto. Neste artigo, examinam-se questoes a ter em conta por quem esta envolvido nos processos educativos, designadamente as que se prendem aos contextos em que se produzem os problema
L'article present analyse les reactions des groupes d'agriculteurs et de la population rurale aux changements survenus entre 1986 et 1996, liees aussi bien au processus d'integration du Portugal a la Communaute europeenne... more
L'article present analyse les reactions des groupes d'agriculteurs et de la population rurale aux changements survenus entre 1986 et 1996, liees aussi bien au processus d'integration du Portugal a la Communaute europeenne qu'aux impacts de la globalisation economique. La faiblesse et le manque de preparation des structures publiques et privees dans le domaine portugais ont freine les ajustements exiges par le nouveau cadre economique et institutionnel, empechant une forte poussee vers la modernisation qui s'est fait sentir. De nouvelles vulnerabilites et dependances apparaissent alors, associees a l'abandon de l'agriculture, au declin de la petite production traditionnelle, a l'echec des projets de modernisation et au scepticisme devant les propositions de l'Etat, debouchant sur la generalisation du pessimisme, du mecontentement et de la revolte
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This paper discusses the impact of austerity on social services in Portugal. The highly complex process of changes to public services launched by anti-crisis programmes needs to be analysed from different perspectives. On the supply side,... more
This paper discusses the impact of austerity on social services in Portugal. The highly complex process of changes to public services launched by anti-crisis programmes needs to be analysed from different perspectives. On the supply side, the impacts are associated with reducing expenditure in social areas in different ways: reducing benefits by axing services, cutting staff costs, dismissing public sector workers and centralizing procurement; privatizing public management; blind cuts to the current expenses budget. On the demand side, the impacts are associated with reductions to the disposable income of families by cutting entitlements to healthcare, education, housing, social security and other benefits, cutting public sector pay, taxing pensions, and introducing or increasing restrictions on access to public services.
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This article is dedicated to an analysis of the life trajectories of individuals with spinal cord injuries in Portugal. From a perspective that aims to understand the challenges faced in the different stages following the initial injury,... more
This article is dedicated to an analysis of the life trajectories of individuals with spinal cord injuries in Portugal. From a perspective that aims to understand the challenges faced in the different stages following the initial injury, it aims to relate corporeal, personal, and social impacts to medical, institutional, and political responses. Based on a total of 93 interviews, the analysis focuses on the period that starts with the event that caused the injury and extends to the present day, following the entire rehabilitation and integration process and identifying key structures, services, and institutions. In offering a critical reading of processes and structures that are capable of ensuring quality of life and social inclusion for persons with spinal cord injuries, it broadens the discussion to reveal the social exclusion widely experienced by persons with disabilities in Portugal.
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FIVE lnclusion through participation? Active social policies in the EU and empirical observations from case studies into types of work Henning Hansen, Pedro Hespanha, Carlos Machado and Rik van Berkel lntroduction Much has been written in... more
FIVE lnclusion through participation? Active social policies in the EU and empirical observations from case studies into types of work Henning Hansen, Pedro Hespanha, Carlos Machado and Rik van Berkel lntroduction Much has been written in this book about the inclusionary and ...
1. Introdução 2. O impacto das políticas de austeridade nos serviços sociais 2.1. O modelo português de proteção social e o seu desenho constitucional 2.2. Crise e austeridade nas políticas sociais 2.3. O impacto da crise e da austeridade... more
1. Introdução 2. O impacto das políticas de austeridade nos serviços sociais 2.1. O modelo português de proteção social e o seu desenho constitucional 2.2. Crise e austeridade nas políticas sociais 2.3. O impacto da crise e da austeridade nos serviços sociais públicos 2.4. O risco de desqualificação dos serviços sociais 2.5. Margem de manobra dos cidadãos e ajustamento dos serviços 3. As desigualdades e a pobreza 3.1. Que pobreza temos e que compromissos assumimos... 3.2. Que pobreza pensamos ter e como agimos... 3.3. Uma elegibilidade mais apertada 3.4. A importância das transferências sociais e dos serviços públicos no combate à pobreza e à desigualdade 4. A opinião dos portugueses sobre o Estado Social e as crises 4.1. O sistema de proteção português e o contexto europeu 4.2. A correção das desigualdades 4.3. Qualidade dos serviços sociais 4.4. Confiança institucional e social e participação 5. Conclusões
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Este artigo pretende mostrar a importância de uma análise das redes sociais para compreender as trajetórias sociais e clínicas das pessoas com doençamental e conhecer as potencialidades e constrangimentos de ditas redes para a prestação... more
Este artigo pretende mostrar a importância de uma análise das redes sociais para compreender as trajetórias sociais e clínicas das pessoas com doençamental e conhecer as potencialidades e constrangimentos de ditas redes para a prestação de cuidados num contexto de desinstitucionalização da doença mental. Com base nas histórias de vida de vinte pessoas com doença mental e de sete estudos de caso realizados no interior desse grupo emPortugal, identificam-se os nós e os laços das suas redes sociais, mapeando-se atores e tipos de apoio disponíveis. O artigo revela a vitalidade e a capacidade de resposta da rede familiar, mas mostra também as dificuldades materiais e emocionais enfrentadas, as fragilidades do apoio prestado pela família e as limitações à autonomia e inclusão social das pessoas com doença mental.
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Résumé/Abstract L'article présent analyse les réactions des groupes d'agriculteurs et de la population rurale aux changements survenus entre 1986 et 1996, liées aussi bien au processus d'intégration du Portugal à la... more
Résumé/Abstract L'article présent analyse les réactions des groupes d'agriculteurs et de la population rurale aux changements survenus entre 1986 et 1996, liées aussi bien au processus d'intégration du Portugal à la Communauté européenne qu'aux impacts de la ...
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ABSTRACT The rural world of Portugal. Italy, Greece and Turkey has changed radically in the last fifty years. From being profoundly backward, the agriculture of these countries has rapidly reached a level of economic growth which is very... more
ABSTRACT The rural world of Portugal. Italy, Greece and Turkey has changed radically in the last fifty years. From being profoundly backward, the agriculture of these countries has rapidly reached a level of economic growth which is very close to that of mort-western Europe. Inevitably social and environmental problems have accompanied this rapid process of change. The volume describes the most significant changes that have taken place in the agricultural sector. It considers the main characteristics and problems of the policies implemented, studies export flows, in relation also to the Common Market countries and identifies prospects of development. The volume can therefore contribute usefully to the definition of a better European Community agricultural policy for the future.
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ABSTRACT Despite the interest of the social sciences in issues of exclusion and inequality, the question of disability, as a key issue of reflection, remains absent from many academic areas. The emergence of disability studies owes much... more
ABSTRACT Despite the interest of the social sciences in issues of exclusion and inequality, the question of disability, as a key issue of reflection, remains absent from many academic areas. The emergence of disability studies owes much to contexts in which the activism of disabled people has revealed the structural conditions that oppress and neglect experiences of disability. Bearing in mind the specific features of the Portuguese socio-political environment, two lines of inquiry are developed in this text. Firstly, what are the challenges faced by Portuguese academics in making disability a central issue, enabling it to confront the silencing of the voices and experiences of disabled people in society? Secondly, how important is it for research to engage with an ethical and political paradigm that supports the rights of disabled people?
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The aim of the study is to present a methodology and an instrument to study cities through a case study undertaken in the county of Aveiro, in Portugal. More specifically, it is to establish a typology of social areas, via the concerns... more
The aim of the study is to present a methodology and an instrument to study cities through a case study undertaken in the county of Aveiro, in Portugal. More specifically, it is to establish a typology of social areas, via the concerns that define quality of life. The data are from 1991
(the last published census), coThe aim of the study is to present a methodology and an instrument to study cities through a
case study undertaken in the county of Aveiro, in Portugal. More specifically, it is to establish a typology of social areas, via the concerns that define quality of life.
(the last published census), coThe aim of the study is to present a methodology and an instrument to study cities through a
case study undertaken in the county of Aveiro, in Portugal. More specifically, it is to establish a typology of social areas, via the concerns that define quality of life.
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O Dicion rio Internacional da Outra Economia est sintonizado com os ideais e as realiza es objectivas da outra economia, aquela que se apresenta como alternativa material e humana superior economia capitalista. A obra visa divulgar, para... more
O Dicion rio Internacional da Outra Economia est sintonizado com os ideais e as realiza es objectivas da outra economia, aquela que se apresenta como alternativa material e humana superior economia capitalista. A obra visa divulgar, para um amplo p blico, os conceitos e as teorias mais ...
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