Behzad Partoon
Aarhus University, Biological and Chemical Engineering, Faculty Member
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Chemical Engineering, Department Memberadd
- I am an assistant professor, working on CO2 capture and conversion technologies as well as gas hydrate production and... moreI am an assistant professor, working on CO2 capture and conversion technologies as well as gas hydrate production and inhibition. I obtained my B.Sc. and M.Sc. in chemical engineering (gas) from Persian Gulf University and the Shiraz University of Technology in Iran and moved to Malaysia in 2011 to complete my PhD study in Chemical Engineering at the Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, working on CO2 separation by gas hydrate technology. Previously, I was a postdoctoral research fellow at the CO2 Research Center (CO2RES) of PETRONAS University of Technology in Malaysia. During my time in Malaysia, I had played a key role in the research and development of CO2RES specifically in the field of gas hydrate and cryogenic studies for bulk CO2 separation from fuel and flue gases. Currently, I am working on Power to X technologies at Aarhus University.edit
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The rise in demand for energy forces us to extract oil as much as possible. A variety of methods should be used for that categorized as primary, secondary, and tertiary techniques. Tertiary methods known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR)... more
The rise in demand for energy forces us to extract oil as much as possible. A variety of methods should be used for that categorized as primary, secondary, and tertiary techniques. Tertiary methods known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) have been applied mostly to maturing reservoirs. To implement more efficient EOR methods, new materials and technologies should be used. Ionic liquids (IL) were highly regarded for chemical EOR in the last decade until researchers raised concerns about their cost, and environmental impacts. Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were discovered and known as a potential replacement for ILs due to their non-toxic nature, biodegradable, non-flammable nature, and cost. In this study, the effectiveness of DES is investigated by observing its ability to change Interfacial tension (IFT). The studies included the effects of pressure, temperature, salinity, and concentration. The optimum salinity point was obtained as 100000ppm and after that the effect was minimal. The IFT changes with pressure change were negligible, while temperature proved to be the most affecting parameter. Overall, the study suggests that IFT changes using DES in the chemical EOR method for light crudes will not be a limiting factor at reservoir conditions.
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The world demand for energy is increasing every year while the fossil fuels reservoirs are limited and expected to be exhausted in few decays. Therefore, utilization of renewable energy resources is inevitable. However, to develop the... more
The world demand for energy is increasing every year while the fossil fuels reservoirs are limited and expected to be exhausted in few decays. Therefore, utilization of renewable energy resources is inevitable. However, to develop the infrastructures for a renewable energy system for power generation, both technical and economical evaluations are a necessity. In this paper, the feasibility of a hybrid renewable power generation, including two types of solar system, a biogas generator, and a biodiesel generator along with required battery and converter for production of 5kW electrical power is studied. The system is designed for a 20year project and the HOMER Pro program is used for system evaluation. The analysis showed that the price of biodiesel and biogas were the main controlling parameters for this project.
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Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim telah menggalakkan negara-negara untuk mengurangkan kepekatan karbon dioksida dalam atmosfera. Penangkapan C02 adalah satu langkah penting untuk mengurangkan pelepasan gas rumah hijau.
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a Research Center for CO2 Capturing, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknology PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia b Institute of Petroleum Engineering, School of Energy, Geoscience,... more
a Research Center for CO2 Capturing, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknology PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia b Institute of Petroleum Engineering, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastucture and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Malaysia, No 1 Jalan Venna P5/2, Precinct 5, 62200 Putrajaya, Federal Territory of Putrajaya Malaysia bezadpartoon@gmail.com
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Understanding gas hydrate formation and disassociation processes are crucial to managing their risks or utilizing this technology for different applications. Conducting an experiment under all conditions are impractical, costly, and... more
Understanding gas hydrate formation and disassociation processes are crucial to managing their risks or utilizing this technology for different applications. Conducting an experiment under all conditions are impractical, costly, and time-consuming. Therefore, it is more practical to use models that could predict all required parameters. In the present chapter, a basic review of the thermodynamic and kinetic models is given. The models are classified based on their mechanisms. The fundamental equations have been highlighted alongside with their possible application models for each chemical.
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As easy gas resources around the world are depleting; high Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas fields are thrust into the spotlight to become new candidates for field development. However, the presence of oftentimes sizable Carbon Dioxide contents... more
As easy gas resources around the world are depleting; high Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas fields are thrust into the spotlight to become new candidates for field development. However, the presence of oftentimes sizable Carbon Dioxide contents in the gas reservoir (can be up to 80% volumetric) introduced a huge technical and economic challenges towards the field exploitation. Over the last few years, several studies have been conducted on cryogenic technologies such as cryogenic distillation and supersonic nozzle in CO2 separation for fields containing more than 40% of CO2. Based on the studies, these new cryogenic technologies have shown to have high potential in separating CO2 from natural gas offshore to be utilized under carbon, capture, storage and utilization (CCUS) project. The new cryogenic technologies are currently being tested for the proof of concept. Hence, a pilot plant, which is a scaled down version of the technology was developed. One of the major challenges faced during t...
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Abstract The formation of gas hydrates hinders oil & gas transportation in pipelines, however, adequate knowledge and understanding of the gas hydrate phase behaviour is a key to its prevention. Thus, this study reports the inhibition... more
Abstract The formation of gas hydrates hinders oil & gas transportation in pipelines, however, adequate knowledge and understanding of the gas hydrate phase behaviour is a key to its prevention. Thus, this study reports the inhibition effect of glycine, alanine, proline, serine and arginine on the carbon dioxide hydrate phase equilibrium condition using the isochoric T-cycle method in the pressure range of 2.53–4.0 MPa. The studied amino acids concentrations ranged from 5 to 20 wt%. The presence of all the studied amino acids significantly shifted the carbon dioxide hydrate phase boundary to higher pressures and/or lower temperatures area, hence indicating inhibition effect. Glycine is found to show the highest inhibition strength with an average depression temperature of 1.83 K at 10 wt%. In agreement with COSMO-RS sigma profile analysis, the amino acids inhibitions strengths are found to be influenced by their ability to reduce water activity in hydrate formation via hydrogen bonding with water molecules. The calculated carbon dioxide hydrate dissociation enthalpies in the presence of amino acids, suggested that, amino acids do not take part in carbon dioxide hydrate cage occupation and structure during hydrate formation. Furthermore, the measured carbon dioxide hydrate phase conditions in the presence of amino acids are predicted and are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
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Research Interests: Chemical Engineering, Thermodynamics, Chemistry, Carbon Dioxide, Gas Hydrate, and 15 moreIonic Liquids, Flow Assurance in Pipes, Gas Hydrates, Classical Physics, Flow Assurance, Methane, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, Inhibitor, Fluid phase equilibria, Gas Phase, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, Hydrate, Phase Equilibrium, Ammonium based ionic liquids, and Tmaoh
Natural gas hydrates are recognized as the potential source of methane gas as the current estimates of the global methane hydrates inventory range between 1000 and 10000 Giga Tonnes of carbon. The behavior of methane hydrate formation in... more
Natural gas hydrates are recognized as the potential source of methane gas as the current estimates of the global methane hydrates inventory range between 1000 and 10000 Giga Tonnes of carbon. The behavior of methane hydrate formation in porous media is investigated in the Tubular Hydrate Cell at 8 MPa and 276 K. The present work is focused on finding the optimum porosity of the quartz sand with the grain sizes of 600–800 µm that could accelerate the methane hydrate formation. The effect of different porosity (O of 0.32, 0.34, 0.37, and 0.4) on the methane hydrate induction time, methane hydrate saturation, and the time taken for methane hydrates to completely form in the unconsolidated sand is investigated. The result shows that the optimum value for porosity is 32% based on the fastest time taken for complete formation and largest value of methane hydrate saturation which is 33.35 h and 6.34%, respectively, at the specified operating conditions.
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Production of natural gas from hydrate-bearing sediments is significantly influenced by permeability variations in the presence of gas hydrate. The quantification on how absolute permeability and relative permeability affect natural gas... more
Production of natural gas from hydrate-bearing sediments is significantly influenced by permeability variations in the presence of gas hydrate. The quantification on how absolute permeability and relative permeability affect natural gas production from hydrate-bearing sediments is one of the key interests for reservoir engineering studies. This study focuses on the relationship between water saturation, permeability, and porosity in unconsolidated quartz sand. Methane hydrate was formed in quartz sand in high-pressure stainless steel cell using deionized water at 276 K and 8 MPa. The sand pack with porosity of 40% was saturated with 35% water. This study found that porosity of the sample reduced significantly as the sand pack saturated with 35% of water. Porosity reduced from 40 to 37.4% due to the increase of hydrate saturation. Absolute permeability is 108.72 mD, and it was measured before gas hydrate formation. Relative permeability was measured after gas hydrate formation, and results show that relative permeability is 0.49. Formation of hydrate in pores significantly reduces the relative permeability and porosity. Relative permeability from this work is compared with a theoretical model, and the value shows that the relative permeability from this work is close to the value from Masuda model with N = 10.
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In this paper we present experimental hydrate-liquid water vapor equilibrium data for mixtures of gas comprising rich CO2content. Data were generated by a reliable step-heating technique validated using measured data for CH4. The... more
In this paper we present experimental hydrate-liquid water vapor equilibrium data for mixtures of gas comprising rich CO2content. Data were generated by a reliable step-heating technique validated using measured data for CH4. The experimental results obtained in this measurement were compared with various commercial softwares (CSMGem, CSMHYD). The prediction results obtained with different software packages shows in weak agreement with experiment data point with high average absolute error (AAE) of 1.18 and 1.45 for hydrate equilibrium pressure condition while with model used in this work the average absolute error obtained is 0.01 respectively.
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Hydrate based technology is a promising new process for separation of Carbon dioxide from different gas mixtures. The process is claimed to be less energy intensive, green and low technology. In this article effect of composition on the... more
Hydrate based technology is a promising new process for separation of Carbon dioxide from different gas mixtures. The process is claimed to be less energy intensive, green and low technology. In this article effect of composition on the efficiency of such process is discussed. CSMGem software is used for analysis. Results shows that gas phase composition have important impact on the efficiency of process.
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Recent advances in gas hydrate research mainly focus on dual function gas hydrate inhibitors (DF-GHIs). DF-GHIs exhibit dual behavior of shifting the hydrate dissociation curve to lower temperatures and higher pressures as well as... more
Recent advances in gas hydrate research mainly focus on dual function gas hydrate inhibitors (DF-GHIs). DF-GHIs exhibit dual behavior of shifting the hydrate dissociation curve to lower temperatures and higher pressures as well as hindering or delaying the nucleation. The main focus of this review is to discuss all the possible factors that can induce dual functionality in gas hydrate inhibitors (GHIs). In this regard, this review summarizes the latest developments, classification, evaluation techniques and experimental findings of GHIs. The experimental data of different research groups is critically analyzed and systematically evaluated in terms of average depression temperature (ΔŦ) and relative inhibition power (RIP). The ΔŦ and RIP is calculated from existing experimental data. The studies in this field will give more knowledge at both academic and industrial level for the development of economical, efficient and biodegradable DF-GHIs.
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The formation of gas hydrate shows good potential to work as a separation medium for gas mixtures. However, to put it in practice, the impact of process parameters, such as flow rates, operational temperature and pressure are required to... more
The formation of gas hydrate shows good potential to work as a separation medium for gas mixtures. However, to put it in practice, the impact of process parameters, such as flow rates, operational temperature and pressure are required to be adequately investigated. In this work, a new gas hydrate reactor is introduced for fast production of gas hydrate. The reactor is used for separation of carbon dioxide from methane in a series of semi-batch experiments. Results indicated that fast hydrate production is achievable. In addition, carbon dioxide is effectively separated from methane by producing gas hydrate from a gas mixture containing more than 60% carbon dioxide.
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n this experimental study, the phase boundary behaviour of CO2 hydrate is reported in the presence of 1, 5, and 10 wt% of three aqueous ammonium based ionic liquids (AILs) solutions. The T-cycle technique is used to measure the hydrate... more
n this experimental study, the phase boundary behaviour of CO2 hydrate is reported in the presence of 1, 5, and 10 wt% of three aqueous ammonium based ionic liquids (AILs) solutions. The T-cycle technique is used to measure the hydrate equilibrium conditions of AILs + CO2 + H2O hydrate systems within the ranges of 274 – 283 K and 1.80 – 4.20 MPa. All studied AILs inhibited CO2 hydrate with the inhibition effect increasing with AILs concentration. The 10 wt%, TEAOH showed the highest inhibition effect with an average suppression temperature (∆Ŧ) of 1.7 K, followed by TMACl (∆Ŧ = 1.6 K) and then TPrAOH (∆Ŧ = 1.2 K). Furthermore, COSMO-RS analysis is performed to understand the molecular level inhibition mechanism of AILs. In addition, the enthalpies of hydrate dissociation for all studied systems are also determined. The calculated hydrate dissociation enthalpies revealed that all the studied AILs show insignificant participation in CO2 hydrate cage formation at all concentrations, hence, do not form semi-clathrate hydrates.
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In this experimental work, the phase boundaries of TMAOH + H2O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 hydrates are measured at different concentrations of aqueous TMAOH solution. The temperature-cycle (T-cycle) method is applied to measure the... more
In this experimental work, the phase boundaries of TMAOH + H2O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 hydrates are measured at different concentrations of aqueous TMAOH solution. The temperature-cycle (T-cycle) method is applied to measure the hydrate equilibrium temperature of TMAOH + H2O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 systems within the ranges of 3.5-8.0 MPa and 1.8-4.2 MPa, respectively. Results reveals that, TMAOH acts as a thermodynamic inhibitor for both gases. In the presence of 10 wt% of TMAOH, the inhibition effect appears to be very substantial for CO2 with an average suppression temperature (∆Ŧ) of 2.24 K. An ample inhibition influence is observed for CH4 hydrate at 10 wt% with ∆Ŧ of 1.52 K. The inhibition effect of TMAOH is observed to increase with increasing TMAOH concentration. Confirmed via COSMO-RS analysis, the TMAOH inhibition effect is due to its hydrogen bonding affinity for water molecules. Furthermore, the calculated hydrate dissociation enthalpies in both systems revealed that TMAOH does not participate in the hydrate crystalline structure.
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In natural gas transmission and processing, gas hydrate formation is a major flow assurance challenge which led scientists towards conducting new and more detailed studies on different aspects of gas hydrates inhibitors. Ionic liquids... more
In natural gas transmission and processing, gas hydrate formation is a major flow assurance challenge which led scientists towards conducting new and more detailed studies on different aspects of gas hydrates inhibitors. Ionic liquids (IL) recently revealed as novel hydrate inhibitors due to their unique properties like electrostatic charges together with ability to form hydrogen bonding with water molecule lead them viable research area in the field of gas hydrate mitigation. This paper highlighted the experimental evaluation of thermodynamic measurements of tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) for Methane (CH4) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas hydrates. TMAOH belongs to ammonium based ionic liquids (AILs) which is comparatively economical ILs among the other ILs families. Traditional T-cycle technique with isochoric step heating method was adopted for determining thermodynamic inhibition in this work. Results reveal that TMAOH effectively shift the hydrate equilibrium curve to upper pressure and lesser temperature regions for CH 4 + TMAOH + water system and CO 2 + TMAOH + water system. The average reduced temperature obtained for CH4 + TMAOH + water system is around 1.06 o C while for CO2 + TMAOH + water system, the inhibition effect found to be around 2.09 oC. Therefore, this study provides roadmap for superior alternative for the development of novel thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor, which can efficiently control the gas hydrate formation.
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In this experimental work, the phase boundaries of TMAOH + H O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 hydrates are measured at different concentrations of aqueous TMAOH solution. The temperature cycle (T-cycle) method is applied to measure the... more
In this experimental work, the phase boundaries of TMAOH + H O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 hydrates are measured at different concentrations of aqueous TMAOH solution. The temperature cycle (T-cycle) method is applied to measure the hydrate equilibrium temperature of TMAOH + H2O + CH4 and TMAOH + H2O + CO2 systems within the ranges of 3.5e8.0 MPa and 1.8e4.2 MPa, respectively. Results reveal that TMAOH acts as a thermodynamic inhibitor for both gases. In the presence of 10 wt% of TMAOH, the inhibition effect appears to be very substantial for CO 2 with an average suppression temperature (DŦ) of 2.24 K. An ample inhibition influence is observed for CH 4 hydrate at 10 wt% with DŦ of 1.52 K. The inhibition effect of TMAOH is observed to increase with increasing TMAOH concentration. Confirmed via COSMO-RS analysis, the TMAOH inhibition effect is due to its hydrogen bonding affinity for water molecules. Furthermore, the calculated hydrate dissociation enthalpies in both systems revealed that TMAOH does not participate in the hydrate crystalline structure.
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n this work, the hydrate phase boundary of a gas mixture consisted of 29.9 mol% CH4 and 70.1 mol% CO2 is experimentally studied in the presence of 1–7 mol% of an aqueous acetone solution. Results indicated that acetone acts as a weak... more
n this work, the hydrate phase boundary of a gas mixture consisted of 29.9 mol% CH4 and 70.1 mol% CO2 is experimentally studied in the presence of 1–7 mol% of an aqueous acetone solution. Results indicated that acetone acts as a weak inhibitor on this gas mixture. In addition, enthalpy of hydrate dissociation for this system is reported. Based on the results, the inhibition effect of acetone is found to be decreasing with the increase of acetone concentration while the enthalpy of hydrate dissociation is increasing with the increase of acetone concentration within the studied range.
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Gas hydrate based technology is one of new promising methods for capturing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide hydrate is a green compound which does not have any impact on the environment and the process is assumed to be less energy... more
Gas hydrate based technology is one of new promising methods for capturing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide hydrate is a green compound which does not have any impact on the environment and the process is assumed to be less energy intensive. However, the development of gas hydrate based technology is suffering from slow formation rate and long induction time and endothermic nature of gas hydrate formation. In this article, a process based on gas hydrate technology is introduced for capturing of carbon dioxide from gaseous stream. The heart of this process is a new gas hydrate crystallizer which is designed especially for enhancing the hydrate formation rate. A series of semi-batch process is performed to investigate the performance of this setup for capturing carbon dioxide from a high carbon dioxide content methane-carbon dioxide gas mixture. Results indicated that new crystallizer has the ability to significantly reduce the induction time, increase the formation rate and overcome to the generated heat problem. Furthermore, it shows that pressure has the highest influence on formation rate and separation efficiency of the process among the studied parameters.
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The world demand for energy is increasing every year while the fossil fuels reservoirs are limited and expected to be exhausted in few decays. Therefore, utilization of renewable energy resources is inevitable. However, to develop the... more
The world demand for energy is increasing every year while the fossil fuels reservoirs are limited and expected to be exhausted in few decays. Therefore, utilization of renewable energy resources is inevitable. However, to develop the infrastructures for a renewable energy system for power generation, both technical and economical evaluations are a necessity. In this paper, the feasibility of a hybrid renewable power generation, including two types of solar system, a biogas generator, and a biodiesel generator along with required battery and converter for production of 5kW electrical power is studied. The system is designed for a 20-year project and the HOMER Pro program is used for system evaluation. The analysis showed that the price of biodiesel and biogas were the main controlling parameters for this project.
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Application of gas hydrate in separation of carbon dioxide (CO 2) form nitrogen in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) chain is recently studied by many researchers. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is suggested as promoter for this process. The same... more
Application of gas hydrate in separation of carbon dioxide (CO 2) form nitrogen in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) chain is recently studied by many researchers. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is suggested as promoter for this process. The same process can be suggested for separation of CO 2 from methane (CH 4) for gas treatment and sweetening, especially for high CO 2 content mixtures such as landfill gas. The first step in development of such process is understanding of the phase boundary of this mixture at different pressure-temperature condition and gas/liquid composition. In this work, gas hydrate phase boundary of CH 4 , CO 2 , THF and water at different pressure from 4.5 to 8.1 MPa is experimentally measured. CO 2 mole fraction in gas phase is fixed at 0.7 and THF concentration in the liquid phase set at 0.03 mole fraction. Results show that presence of THF in the mixtures shift the phase boundary to the lower pressure / higher temperature condition. This effect is favorable for industrial applications.
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In natural gas transmission and processing, gas hydrate formation is a major flow assurance challenge which led scientists towards conducting new and more detailed studies on different aspects of gas hydrates inhibitors. Ionic liquids... more
In natural gas transmission and processing, gas hydrate formation is a major flow assurance challenge which led scientists towards conducting new and more detailed studies on different aspects of gas hydrates inhibitors. Ionic liquids (IL) recently revealed as novel hydrate inhibitors due to their unique properties like electrostatic charges together with ability to form hydrogen bonding with water molecule lead them viable research area in the field of gas hydrate mitigation. This paper highlighted the experimental evaluation of thermodynamic measurements of tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) for Methane (CH4) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas hydrates. TMAOH belongs to ammonium based ionic liquids (AILs) which is comparatively economical ILs among the other ILs families. Traditional T-cycle technique with isochoric step heating method was adopted for determining thermodynamic inhibition in this work. Results reveal that TMAOH effectively shift the hydrate equilibrium curve to upper pressure and lesser temperature regions for CH4 + TMAOH + water system and CO2 + TMAOH + water system. The average reduced temperature obtained for CH4 + TMAOH + water system is around 1.06 oC while for CO2 + TMAOH + water system, the inhibition effect found to be around 2.09 oC. Therefore, this study provides road map for superior alternative for the development of novel thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor, which can efficiently control the gas hydrate formation.
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Understanding gas hydrate formation and disassociation processes are crucial to managing their risks or utilizing this technology for different applications. Conducting an experiment under all conditions are impractical, costly, and... more
Understanding gas hydrate formation and disassociation processes are crucial to managing their risks or utilizing this technology for different applications. Conducting an experiment under all conditions are impractical, costly, and time-consuming. Therefore, it is more practical to use models that could predict all required parameters. In the present chapter, a basic review of the thermodynamic and kinetic models is given. The models are classified based on their mechanisms. The fundamental equations have been highlighted alongside with their possible application models for each chemical.