Waste Disposal and Management

The purpose of this research was to create awareness on asbestos and its effects to both human beings and their environments, to find out possible asbestos alternatives | substitute products, discover why there is still prevalent use of asbestos-containing materials despite its ban and also to formulate viable management strategies & policies for asbestos use. This project report is divided into five phases or chapters which includes;

The first chapter, which is the introduction, defines asbestos, its types, uses, effects and proper management and disposal procedures. This first chapter also gives background of the study on global, regional, national and local scenarios on asbestos use, the problem statement, objectives of the project, assumptions and premises, theoretical framework, significance, scope and the expected limitations of the project.

The second chapter is the literature review which supports the topic of research through previously done research work done focusing on the same topic. The information on the literature review were gotten from library books, journals, newspapers and articles from the internet.

The third chapter is the methodology, which includes; the study area, research design, target population, sample size & sampling procedure, data collection methods & analysis.

The fourth chapter gives empirical evidence on asbestos use in Nairobi County’s industrial, residential and central business district (CBD). It contains analyzed data arrived at from the findings of the study.

The fifth chapter provides general conclusions of the study including recommendations for asbestos users, policy makers and further future researchers. This final chapter also confirms whether the objectives of the study had been achieved.

In a nation like India which consists of 655 million women, 48% of this female population is not aware of the proper usage of a sanitary napkin. The literature on menstrual waste disposal methods is limited and consequently little is understood about women's management of menstruation. This study investigates how women manage menstrual waste in India and amounts of sanitary waste that ends up into landfill. Lack of awareness and immense taboo around menstruation in India is adding up to the issues of proper sanitary waste management. This infectious waste if not handled properly, would pose an immense threat to the oceans and land, as well as human and animal health. Considering the health hazards caused by inefficient disposal methods, it is necessary to come up with a solution that is sustainable on every front. To avoid proliferation of the problem, a decentralized solution to handle the menstrual waste at its generation point is vital. With this study, we try to conclude best practices to be observed and a solution that is economical, viable and rational.

There was pollution of effluents from some of the industries inside Eastern industrial park. Consequently, the paper intended to assess the liquid waste management practices and the role of Communal treatment plant. The researcher used mixed approach. Accordingly, the existing liquid waste management practices were not sufficient. The perception of employees of industries also revealed, there was no effective liquid waste communal treatment plant and the existing equipments and facilities was not sufficient. Based on multinomial logistic regression model, formulation and enforcement of legislation and training and motivation of personnel were the factors that determine the existence of effective liquid waste management practices. While financing and investment in equipment and facilities, training and motivation of personnel and public education and involvement are the factors that determine the existence of sufficient facilities and equipment for liquid waste management practices. ...

Oil-polluted sediment bioremediation depends on both physicochemical and biological parameters, but the effect of the latter cannot be evaluated without the optimization of the former. We aimed in optimizing the physicochemical parameters related to biodegradation by applying an ex-situ landfarming set-up combined with biostimulation to oil-polluted sediment, in order to determine the added effect of bioaugmentation by four allochthonous oil-degrading bacterial consortia in relation to the degradation efficiency of the indigenous community. We monitored hydrocarbon degradation, sediment ecotoxicity and hydrolytic activity, bacterial population sizes and bacterial community dynamics, characterizing the dominant taxa through time and at each treatment. We observed no significant differences in total degradation, but increased ecotoxicity between the different treatments receiving both biostimulation and bioaugmentation and the biostimulated-only control. Moreover, the added allochthon...