1(a) Find the rank of the matrix by the determinant method
[3]
[ ]
234
A= 4 31
124
(b) Find the adjoint of matrix A where
[12]
[ ]
103
A= 2 4 1
322
(c) State five differences between conventional approach (Classical) and
Modern approach
(state pace analysis of control engineering
[5]
2(a) Discuss five limitations of the transfer function model of control
engineering analysis
[5]
(b) Obtain an expression for transfer function of a system from given that
[5]
Ẋ ( t )= AX ( t ) +BU ( t )
Y ( t )=CX ( t ) + DU (t)
(d)(i) Draw the block diagram representation of a state model
[5]
(ii) Draw signal flow graph representation of state model
[5]
3(a) A system is characterized by the following differential equation.
Determine its transfer function.
[4]
(b) The transfer function of a system is given by
Determine the differential equation governing the system
[5]
(c) What is a state diagram
[1]
(d) Consider a linear system described by the transfer function
Y (s) 10
=
U ( s) s(s +1)(s+ 2)
Prove system controllability
[10]
4(a) Explain what is meant by Controllability and observability in modern
control engineering?
[2+2]
(b) Verify whether the following system is controllable
[5]
[][
ẋ1
ẋ2
= 01
−1−2 ][ ] [ ]
x1 0
+ [ u ] and y¿ [ 11 ] x
x2 1
(c) The dynamic equation of a system is represented by
[ ] [ ][ ] [ ]
ẋ1 −2 1 x 1 4
ẋ2
=
[]
x
+ u , y=[ 1 0 ] 1
0−3 x 2 1 x2
Prove the system observability?
[5]
(d) Draw the signal flow graph of the system described the state model
below [6]
5(a) The state model of a linear time invariant system is given by
Ẋ ( t )= AX ( t ) +BU ( t )
Y ( t )=CX ( t ) + DU (t)
Show that the transfer function of the system is given by
Y (s) CAdj [ sI− A ] B
= + D . [10]
U ( s) |[ sI −A ]|
dx
(b) The response of a system is given as y=ax+ b . Test whether the
dt
system is linear or
nonlinear.
[10]
6(a) With the aid of well-labelled diagrams, explain the following
characteristics of nonlinear systems.
[9]
Jump resonance
Saturation
Dead-zone
(b) State the condition necessary for closed loop poles to be placed
anywhere in the complex plane.
[3]
(c) Draw the block of a system described by the state model below.
[6]
(b) Explain the term state model in modern control engineering with the aid
of an example.
[2]
7(a) Obtain the state model of the electric system below
[15]
(b) Find Z transform of a unit impulse signal.
[5]
