Chapter :01
CHANGING TRENDS AND CAREERS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION:
[Link] OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION :
If a survey was to be conducted and individuals asked what they understood when
they heard the term Physical Education, the response could possibly be that physical
education is knowledge related to sports activity, sports education, sports coaching,
health education, education about yoga or anything related to individual fitness.
Physical Education is all of the above and something more.
Physical Education is a combination of two separate words, ‘physical and education’.
The first word is physical which means related to body or related to any one or all
of the bodily characteristics, that include physical strength, physical endurance,
physical fitness, physical appearance and physical health. And, the second word is
education which means preparation for life or systematic instruction and training.
DEFINITION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
“Physical Education is the sum of those experiences which come to the individual
through movement.” –Delbert Oberteuffer
“Physical Education is an integral part of the total educational process. It is a field
of endeavour that has as its aim the improvement of human performance through
the medium of physical activities that have been selected with a view to realizing
this outcome”.– Charles A. Bucher
“Physical Education is the sum of man’s physical activities selected as to kind, and
conducted as to outcomes.” –Jesse Feiring Williams
“Physical Education is that phase of the whole field of education that deals with the
big muscle activities and their related responses.” –Jay B. Nash
To sum up, Physical Education is a process of education which aims at the holistic
development of an individual by using physical activity or body movement.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION :
“The aim of Physical Education must be to make every child physically, mentally and emotionally fit and
also to develop in him such personal and social qualities as will help him to live happily with others and
build him up as a good citizen.” It means the aim of Physical Education is the overall development of a
person.
Objectives :
1. Value of Physical Education: The chief objective of Physical Education is to
make individuals aware of and appreciate the value of Physical Education and
its contribution to a healthy and active lifestyle.
2. Develop interest in the discipline: The focus of a well-designed Physical
Education plan should be to encourage a high level of interest and personal
engagement in Physical Education showing initiative, enthusiasm and
commitment towards the same.
3. Achieve Optimum Physical Fitness and Health: Physical Education Programmes
should aim to develop an individual’s physical fitness and to make her/him
work to her/his optimal level of physical capacity. It also aims to develop
healthy habits of sleep, exercise, food etc. for optimum health.
4. Social Development: Physical Education leads to social development as it
provides the individual ample opportunities for social contact and group living .
5. Development of Organ Systems: The objective of Physical Education Programme
is to develop all organ systems such as respiratory system, circulatory system,
digestive system, nervous system, and muscular system. This leads to increased
physical efficiency and capacity.
6. Neuro-muscular Co-ordination: The Physical Education Programme should be
planned in such a manner that it helps in maintaining a better relationship
between the nervous system and the muscular system. This helps in developing
control and balance among different body parts.
[Link] Citizenship: At last but not the least, the Physical Education
Programme prepares an effective citizen who serves the country in better
manners.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN INDIA – POST INDEPENDENCE.
In 1948, Government of India was setup Central Government Physical Education Committee also known
as Tara Chand Committee which recommends Central Institute of Physical Education and Recreation and
improvement of standards of games and sports in India.
In 1950 Central Advisory Board of Physical Education was set up with a purpose to
advise the government regarding physical education issues.
First Asian Games were held in 1951 at New Delhi which motivated Indian youth to participate in games
and sports at International level.
Then health minister of India Rajkumari Amrit Kaur introduce Coaching Scheme
for games and sports in 1953.
In 1957, Minister of Education & Culture, Government of India established First College of Physical
Education as Lakshmibai College of Physical Education (LCPE) at Gwalior,
National Fitness Corps was established in 1965 with object to make youth physically
strong.
In 1982, Asian Games were held in India which give huge boost in infrastructure and
facilities related with sports. In 1984 Sports Authority of India (SAI) was established
under the Department of Sports
XIX Commonwealth Games 2010 was conducted in New Delhi. In
2018 CBSE launched Physical Education as Compulsory subject in class IX to XII as
mainstreaming Health, Physical Education.
Changing Trends in Sports- playing surface, wearable gears
and sports equipment, technological advancements
A wide variety of playing surfaces is used for physical activity, exercise and sports.
Athletic Jogging Track ,
Clay & Cinder: Synthetic:
Turf:Grass and Clay: Polygrass, Astroturf:
MUGA (Multi Utility Games Area):
Wearable Gears and Sports Equipment Safety,
Performance:
Monitoring & Judgement:
Aesthetics:
Technology in sports
Officiating technology,
Protective equipment
Biomechanical and Movement analysis software : These are integrated with
video recording or live video of sports performance .
VARIOUS ACADEMIC COURSES IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Post Graduate Diploma Level Courses
h Post Graduate Diploma in Adventure Sports Administration
h Post Graduate Diploma in Disability Sports
h Post Graduate Diploma in Fitness Management
h Post Graduate Diploma in Sports Coaching
h Post Graduate Diploma in Sports Journalism
h Post Graduate Diploma in Sports Management
h Post Graduate Diploma in Sports Nutrition
h Post Graduate Diploma in Yoga Education
Bachelor Level Course
h Bachelor of Arts (Programme) Sports & Performance
Bachelor of Physical Education & Sports
Bachelor of Physical Education (Four Year Course after 12th)
Bachelor of Science Exercise Physiology
Bachelor of Science in Physical Education
Bachelor of Science in Physical Education, Health Education and Sports
Sciences
CAREER OPTIONS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical Education Teacher:
Sports Coordinator
Professional Coach
Outdoor and Adventure Sports Educators:
Sports Administrator:
Event Manager of a Sports Club
Sports Clothing & Equipment Designer:
Dietician and Nutritionist:
Yoga Trainer and fitness trainer
Sports Journalist:
KHELO INDIA
The Khelo India Programme has been introduced to revive the sports culture in India
at the grassroots level by building a strong framework for all sports played in our
country and to establish India as a great sporting nation
VISION OF KHELO INDIA
The vision of the Government of India behind launching the Khelo India Programme
is to further sports culture in India, especially at the grassroots level as well as
achieve sporting excellence in the country.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMM
Play Field Development
Community Coaching Development,
State Level Khelo India Centres
Annual Sports Competitions
Talent Search and Development
Utilization and Creation/Upgradation of Sports Infrastructure
Support to National/Regional/State Sports Academies
Physical fitness of school children
Sports for Women
Promotion of sports amongst people with disabilities
Sports for peace and development
Promotion of rural and indigenous/tribal games.
Fit India Movement
FIT India Movement was introduced on 29th August, 2019 by Hon’ble Prime Minister
with an objective to launch fitness as integral part of our lives .The Mission of the
movement was to bring positive behavioural changes and to adopt physical active
healthy lifestyle. Towards achieving this mission, Fit India proposes to undertake
various initiatives and conduct events to achieve the following objectives:
h To promote fitness as easy, fun and free
h To spread awareness on fitness and various physical activities that promote
fitness through focused campaigns
h To encourage indigenous sports
h To make fitness reach every school, college/university, panchayat/village,
etc.
h To create a platform for citizens of India to share information, drive
awareness and encourage sharing of personal fitness stories.
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