“THE G- BLOCK ELEMENTS - b Jy d-block lemons: SKY amore yrast cS ener IMO PEHaltimare d orpttal . 3 GTOUP Stow and Period : 4497. 49 Clemente Caviny” x6 3 4 8 G67 Bq ww \ p,2sdseries so oT Vcr Nn Fe co Ni ca mM + pp oad series OY |, zr Nb Mo 1 Ro Rh PS ra cd pe 59 series He OW sd p,eadceies Ac Re Db gg Bh ta Mr DS Rg CH ¥ METS WIS 40 Clemens gAll AVS MRtdale. FAL AVS SOWds Oxeopte Mereayy, & oppermicigm Ciqaid) . ¥MOSt Aoandant Giement ih Earthy Crast is Iron CAth) / KMAIACST SlOmMent — Tungaren WN) — Hignesr MP and BP. x Highest OS G+S) Shown ’y osmian & Ruthenium. ¥ nignest density — Osmiam & Idiaro - - # Fowest Aensiey — Scandiany, % Group Il — Coinage Metal. * Highest IS — Neraary C1007 KT! Mol) of # First Man Made clement ~ Teenitiam. ¥comMony KNowN As Transition Clements. Transition element: FIMsSO AVE the E1ement in which Contain Parriany Piped or unpcired cd oybital in ground State or GNY oF ing Tonic | oid ON Stare . 7 >It ie the trancition sexier From WoTe positive 9 block tO. Mor DEQAIVE pP bIOCK. ly scandiom , - ineks- cry Messa) asm Conpaired ©) sade Min = um on { 23d Carpe yo? zirad® 497 { no anparred © iy Nong ionic Stay ca* : 349 Caps) zno 2 3a - Sova SPs 7 SUH, CH “erp lo dd mot hove unpaired | End NS? I orbital th ground tate @ tds Card’ onic SALE. So, they Gre Caled +P. se0do TRANSIT, PeMene, OF No-OF transition Glemens in d. block SIEMENS 1S SG C49-4) | General electronic consigutation: (& Cm, mgo-2 a Pd ; * @ip > No-oF Ns and Cn-11d Ss. Ba 3d series a) 2 4d s@rieg O08 Fs Uo 309° S Bas x pdh >... 4d B97 age j pyate add eNOS RROD e a8 4s Wah eae Wis? Spas s+. BAY go! gwnicn OF the ADIOwing lone hove Tae no-oF anpaired Ss J a cde* HE 44 og) Mott dy MNO 3 cd >. AA BoP 2. ad® 5 MO Oe HEAT SIP GS2 mp dS | eng apem Moras... aat BS" Ages aanpe=~ Minot. BUPASD ns LB. 5 BOUT 780 Which CF the Atom wil ercnibit ds consigararh IN Qrow gare. BAQ — b/RO -Dpd De « SPQe4d®ss' RUSAd®aqr PAs 4db Hor LED AAS: | NB: Platinam is JE OMI SNe atom which Sschibir da Coneig cnation in ground srate. Qeind ho: OF ANPaited & iW ed. DH bs MQ AO SRS. Adios? > —. aq nse 5 N=0 Atomic and physical prapertico: Ay Momie stae oy tonic radius: : = promic Tadius of a black loments are Werallic Yadiag shay al ave Merole * : plong O PEricd : AALS TADIUS OF ETANAtH MErAal ATOND 4 Poy fad FAIOWS A AeOQUION trend wig dueto, ge _Nadencharge sige ¥ Ciormal tend) ada cone ee oy NO.OF INCL SS F G -S VEPACION t Sige T cet) qg spices “@ as HPP. Bd%@o% =>. RAVES! nett odin fue | a 2 Pr* SHd9 2 2 : Bag? ie Bove ROD... WAS? 5 poss ays ima:a A en Naience shell 4 ps! + tah uy 74s Cero inet # TPR? PR Nucleus) onital) o =, FR “i © pete ck Metal Resort: Both ‘QS Ord Inner d aha) are pa Wieipating i in meratic inne and Cn-nd Ss ane Valenes So, ‘a 4 Wigh Penevorion ighe oF. comparatie " NE SRI ESN YG OAZP ates on somal eveTBALSTTETENCS of bale ghee Oya ee i vaso : 4s ES) MBs SKCMNO: OF Ghipatred To.charcinesshra= 4 < H40-5 4 ; ne ao! “dest > High NBS Se> Tid Mn= gn>V>e1>CU9 FEE D=Ni , ; ne wh a ma Top, : x a ov al Sore > LOWOTHRS gS | es Gp 4 ----- PP : Sy Bog Ngaiat Simnedeny_ zine a 2d ese “Te 8) Caan ovbtials ? s———— 40,0 Gyan | PbIOcK eee Bd > 4d>30 | re £40630 bitta to Foch Votallic ond Ae= qeungsten 3% andest element -in A oo) {ayo to Tigh MBS Hand: @p et C1 < MO SEE ise ox <2 MeTCANG CS0sTiquid) @ cee © oH MAS - % gortesr, element in d_bIo +, Sart: GP las ZN >> Spe Cored ns® \ Corandsnng? emcoption, Re >Os BAB obitals WeR Jas Stable CMEg4} Ti>Mn # Highest MP. Gp:6 > cr Gp:2 > zN> Cd hg /% Most volatile tort > 12 “ Cepy) i. hig: Riquid (te v high te SOWNBS Cine) Qbrrange Ysing Order.or MP+ Q Mn, fo, RE 62 3? NPxcige = MnZTO Mp we. MP Wicks = SC>FY/7 Ca Uitide & patios 1 Yo Fey KOHUS . nD OM t > 98 ROOFS Ay ca, bas fa A HLOMISALTON Enthaipgs / Bie is The min Amount oF ENErQy Tequhed to bIeak Ante! meratic Crystal into Merol atoms. Meg > Mg) PR £> AgW (ave Sends) = CORO g, 2 °. Seo expirmdGignesr Aart th 5) Catalytic Propeng : amansition metals can act as catalyst in soverd! due 19 They Can Show Variable 08. Lb Free Ss on Meral surpace 4 comparatively stat size = Hence, high lonio charge Fans .ltis > Availability OF _Incomplere oy VACA A OYbitAIs cose KEQ! > Raber MACs: FS > Coynreaer PIOCESS : V_IG > Qerwald Process: Rh/ PA/Pr CHNos) > Hydrogenation Toon: NIP PA Pr > WACKET PIOCESS! PACT o— zeigen nara Catalyst * qiol4 + AICCaHe)s Mains Cpoiymenisatn) > witkinaon caralyst + FAW CPPA > Decomposition oF Kelos ! MNOS © 6) Magnetic, properties: €\p anpaired Ovbhals > Paramnagnetic AIF AL orbhals Paired = Diamagneric Paramagheriem « unpaired © Spin Ong Forma, y 33 NI Pe Ovbital .] MM Pawar | oO © ~Cofamagnericd p aida A Vixs - 8 BM) Wg ae, de 2 are 2I Lhas.a |] 5 9x4 = 9-8 BM Z Is asyas |g Vax5 ‘seem / 8 Ib as 5 {axe = 4am | & j ExT =5-4RM =? ene: 3d 4s° 95 m=5 5 MM-5.QRM | Racts 3 Rutt: adage 4 ad 7 BS! 5 RUST Ad; m=8 ; MM=5-40M CPare) = "cdala S aot : adie a2 & AdP 5s N<0 Cola) 7 Nisog > NiO4 2 dB 492 => aqe 5 =2 3) BMM~28BM DMM = 5-8 BM 5 The lon. wil bo; . a) ROM PAA — NIDA ayant” > N— 5 ng fs CF Magnetic morient = afqanay, = EM): NO-OF CINPahads poet 9 BAS net a5 gqtd ar sat x @adt aaa n=0 ND ae gealeutate MM oF ivatent fon th aq-goin ; Ite zA-4e. - Hose DSB V 4-4 By dy 713 BM 51-48 5 GPS P55 Pd > 4d” BS pao? @ 4dS 5 N=9 5 MM ~9-g OM 9 catcaiare MM oF trivalent ion in aq-sin j Its <=19 agra; Pos Aa > ....50" 682 >. Bde ge! 4 ROS ABATE 5 M=o 5 MMH O-8 OM OMm of Fe** ic 5.9 BM, Find the Value of ae no Os w4 > Fe > Bds 497 Fee > SIF 5M=5 7 MM=5-9 BM Ord T)CGIOUIE OF. Spectral propend: * Transirion Metals ane fis COMPOUNAS Gre coloured fh AQuEd son anon end er is due to d= trangicion Gd-d transition : Excitation of S FIOM lowe) Energy, d arbiral to higher energy d-orbital KpCCoIding tO CFSE. warer ges as weak (igand Sdz aN abs om ROS .o<8 | VoyTist sd! He CUSO4 XXX Hod Cogos Soin > Blog > Leacsod«] Soe @ os a-d wonsith _q? ie ae poani snoonpaneas OSS Lear ae dia no d-d nansity No d-d transition ‘ess chiess Dwhich oF she Forowing pairs are civless ane ,cost by zn, THe CVA, OT BFA Var wnat sgas 5 Qos sds 5 za: 3de soe use Cae 2 3g 5 cgay sada 5 RATE SIE pub Dwhien oF the FNowing Mdiecsle Te Chea in GAUCOUS Solty ACUSA BHACla © Fads, dance Fut: sq 7 ger ado % FOR SdH zn ssh y 63'S ponpe GV +2 3 Violet ve MOS y= = Grean cham bs Cg > co 5 BILE fink % ‘ oS Co SBWOF PINK Sorc) V4*= Blue Bh. i NEelagoasham sons Or > crt BIE Burley g F NOt STSSH 9 OM Cras > Vigor 2 Ls CU S BlUw EOE Hage L vin Mn 5 Pink Poragal-oo PBS MITE Wns => Vig\er esl eitmss * long with d-d transition, chr fe due to, & Rigand to meral choige transter EQ: Kno, — PUIpe Kactad7 — NANQeS wed ve 9. ° ° , anos Sa NZ ae Fy wom. SO USS poe S'Green ser Fo* 3 Yo}Ow oad TPHricca 6 Mor char aot a IQS wWOnstey eq: FOG TPO CONDI rene Ly polatisarn OF large Preval ee eh ae QELNIA CF EQ? Ciel — Pink, g) Formation OF complerea: = transition Meral can Form tai pation COMpounds Siwis Wew, RTHSG, SHOW VATAe oS le High Tonic Chaige fe ANATOLIY OF _Incomplere and Vacant a Orbital SEQ: LPr (Nts g@lal , LeoCometha) gy tonfearion Enthatpg: 2 plong a period, Along A period follows irregular trend, itis _duete, a LS leregalarity in aromic sige, to rregalay Slectronic consigaratiod , [> Esschange nergy *xors AS NO: OF ComMplesr Salt C Ca0Td!| comparommaly energy dinrerence oF as and ad.50, exckation oe wit yokes, Place, and, © 7 loss in exchange energy. ef a gnesr le In Sad SSTiessS ZN stable ec > sd 4s" Ls High loss In Gaachange Cneigy, Ls Rigih Nacleat Charge. oy {i aisle Re ay SR NEST IPT ae rei Fe oT in 3d SETIES > ' 29 . HX Mighest Ie wransirion Meral in qousesh te Se > nighest 1@ > Pia Fe Tey t He OF Mn & go) DENS ey? @>arcd wae oeaba wn ___9FS s BONS SA PETC, “Wghest cemsig =a SOIISS acm NE, <18a zn o Carqurerneemgge CPS KSRCN NSGMTY serait re si Nal 4D ay ciae + CNN > FS) SRIONG_A period; eB © ty pe, —H, pot —B2> Fret one a wast Seay dersigt” SOS Bde 4s zds4s! ads cerable) Density y, b cao —B4 > gye Bey quar A> COS Nidco>FE>MNSCr> ZVI Tisse — NAPErod Gy He yg LO gat EE ne = [Sccno's } Dense CSA) Bdb402 WONBE sqe gr DOWAIE sig Hidhale sqa Ad Somos “ |g, SSrabIe Cunsrabie) Corable) unstable) Bd (ee save } Density M D whieh oF the Following is Ineonecr. Mes M sosmnionn alrdign *LOWSt density : Seandian Ary oscidarion Stare: _ as x KTransition Merale Can show Variable Oacidation arare due to None oF these COMPANADIO Chergy PiFreverae Herween AE and Cn-1)d ort > tenor Ti < lear Zh H ich. Sin ig ee ee i “| xoovidation Stare, ops apa aps CP ee GR Iy CoN Cr (SD) Fe Co Ni Co ZH i O) IE, OF FE > le, OF MN DDE a OF CU > leg OF MN ran O's OF Ti > leg orzo sonmond Core 4 Check ata NE se WT froor aes Ct My S84! eq Zn ts { 6 oaks 480 5 : ost ley -\@® BOSD, ° or a ae a for Mo} to seems] 44 SS SOeoe Recah ' y a * MAIS Yoni: Yn, ey ME Wo} Re ance " ble os La AS Bddadoad” By + Inner F SBT SEM Sd >4d> Bd W >>Md>Cr LEER ey eei al transition MEVal FOESN't oh, S 9 which oF the Frolowing N ee ( Se a ©) woth add a) ca XI) Fd dick os dirrerence ba * % [No-oF degenerate Gymral 7 Ssechange snerayt EQ: Fos a eae as 414141 3d 41111 v % Hignest o¢ oF metal can be Ie stabiised by wery mone in their respective group. FAS GDT So crd® ne? 5 Highest os = 47 Sone es GA SOs Wn" | ccabiteg, 4 7 Ads qo? ig Bd: Ret Re™ > ToT >IT les ot ‘Good on ost MOTT pgs SM te CHigh xen) eras 4 gee ISMN, gy 4s oa 48 a5 Good OA: KNNOg > KaCI207 5 Voom * DUC tO _hi GP8 > Gp-nds ne2 $e Moos > Woe x08 oF MENA In MeIal conoongle B Selo, due w ayneraic ep ect CT ACIA Chatacre@y) cord 7 tech DetrMEMI), BAEKE dD3p- 49) AVOD Formation: oy Denagecm BissS . go, balance eassieG ; Beg GRE > NOMOAENOUS MHIRIGIS’ Containing DOF MoYe FHOrdl ator © Tgp abAS ORT 72 @gote ify IF the metal chonid hove, * Almost similar sige gine APFOTEN 415%) * Airnosr Sicvilan Metallic BOnd Screnath. A Pirnese cipsiiay lonic ChaTgE # TZN = Brose % CU + SN Bronge / Bell Meral » 4a # CQ TZN ASN => GUN MEIa CF CO + ZN-+Ni~ Qeiman silver ron mera! Carer * OTC S creat Chon WRG Aiton) * FET CA WN. > Fungaren sree) e* FE + CYAN > Stainless greg) Neesc) * FE + Ni > IVT (High tensile errength) * Fe th > Mischmeral 1 Fe and Rg dogs for for SN), COR”), . : ANOY dae to high dir OX FO + NANT -EC0 5} AlNies renee their merck Crast © bond srrength and of Sbondant) BE Chg ie Weak bat Fei on ‘SrroTNg)- ASO Wand Zn # Merl + Ng = Metal amalgam Ceionid Alloy) See dor A v + astais weak eq Natigs ZO-Kg oy Weakmeratic boned ©: Cs Bock &2h), Hacicay choige, FE Can: t show. +6) 43) Intereritial compounds:i i ~ Stra Siged Grom The HNLBL ETE Soranouinte hs Lrstiial veids of meratiic Cras! : Wrereritial compounds , . _ > w soy Gre porn HOLSTON FNEC at Gg % the bord fe, Neither fanle NOT COValEn,” Cragr an attracrive — NILE og Into NN & Chemicaly inert ae Noi ¥* Does Nor Boog 1a OF Yerinke mon, | EQ? Miia + Voss tron. . Fea gg 1 Md yas! > Properties, * Hardness Hardiness oF come borides = Diamond * eral sratiita, | imergeiial > Rave Tera! * Mp @ OP . « * Density, * %* Ductile ae HF Mateaple PEE MEXal > Inovsririal ‘nerstitia)), 43) crystal Rartice: : soi phigh tonsile strangth, nigh ter] MAL Stabilitg.and theg have apeciric eTYystal ldtrice ‘eke > Group S-a 1 NOP CHERagonal aude clo. é ‘ se pack) ektaciune| > Soup B-s Boe C Body Conrered CUbieelogepackd > Group 1-3 : HOP Cexeepr FE CBE, Mn Enid) SrOUP Fy 19,1! CCP Couple close pack) : > Group 19+ Nil TTOACLAN SCR nee) cSrandara Redaction jn solution: ’ e a ™ ba oO Pag re M cag Dot or ih Arua! Porenrial | staldifry oF Metal {el By Hess’ s law, |T2 = Aan + Ahgd H + 29 sw we oH ® Ey yar = Ve wus _Ssin CRA) Ble LS. ot] AQ EST SE an ESSENCE IIe RY vel EF =-Ve AG = 4ve Teqn ie Mon spomanecas Oxdn is spomanecag wet staple TEL abihitg to loss HOF ten in con BAWY WY any t TY aE Meet edt con Mewar 7 WS 2 —4ve AG’=-ve TEAn ie sponraneous Ordy is NON spontaneous Mat Stable7 i erailed by ~cxapiy OF THERA! fon in-sOI is CONT by K crandard Reduction porencial CSR * Ygartacion enthatipg Ct) Standard Reduction parenta oscicn | oF meral CEM) | Mey SSL, yor cag) \ cen Stable riod FOMOWS gh y ¥ SRP value oF transition Mert along 4 PSF ce, | Pregalan trend, due to, stats: mreauiatitg in, cane enxnotpy 4 b trreogatarieg in 12 b Inregulavitg in Ohya #, +O.ccondi © ongmtiongnitlgy . ody - 0 flow 11 Stabe co CHS 4y) moa, Inable to, disp} Oke 1H Aron Aciq U+OHL van e “ey Nn ay tT Monel > Nelo RA wx 2° vo\Ue Tiove x ENAUE OF Cats tye, com Iea = 40-34 y tt} Awl Tete -EPvatac Bhs age I SBS cat ES Qgar sate Nok a get = Ao + TE) + 2e9 \« High 12: a Fo VAWE OF ZN is. Lye, Foxntt}an = —O-1¢ v znio Move RA than Fe Tey “Oat e+ Te, 4 By + Aah 1 bow ban Sy ant 28, cnet BAP 4s) Sdio in 42 gg . tone) aN 4 Zn Nave di Conriganation SRP NOG OF ES ystsqiod t M coy > M3 coup cag erable) RE sg — _ . Ey ry yar OSTN | Fused nae, = —8 e ~S: Sev (wer io'moie stanie Sel Ss OA shan MS In soln * ES Mor O8dn yer cs ee ea oe fa Fost] Fens = Stable is son RPL —eP value eo ay RRS CTOFS Tt Sy at ay Eve = AWE Cus je move erable Ahan MP) @ ca) yar Ned, gas Mn'> CF > ZN> FE > COPNI DCH # tobility Ti can aq) (Sratie)‘OR HES Nae OR? COB* > WN 3ty FO™ we POT VET See yey 7 : TE PS Aah T+ lent + Shodt wo oO ec G high Bon _ & yor Sat, yt ey aq? cand 33 ad? a Stable Unstable : tag |B hor pest, A? = tQ3 sidhle Fee _ "sein Foot lew saF sd6 Feet —— > feat stabe sirable Which ic Strangest RA- A) Fee OF Crot osxin = FO SA pose ads 305 Cea - NE Fe™ is mote arable faq than Fes+ ca@ “Cre is move RA thon feo Seed Gy st 33 yet a4 EGA — “Ve a ens ~ 9c Om = > cas eyet en enat ee Ave ee = -ve Zn More RA than ca er ig MOIe Noble tran At ey eevee ss * 34 VION Me yin esher Vc PNW = ave WPHOVE RB than Net: yout 7 MTS Stable han Cut due to, concted by see n ye b wigh hyd ation 7 Entnalpy . So ES, ‘eu feu Ne + aw Ce Ss 5 tale aaa cur shone’ sixed _ Angad W4 Avya Wh change © Eroaat/eat = TNe Ee 2 vaxiaom 9c0s —> cua sou aa undergoes dispropanti-) at or onadion segcrn, Set , 4g) Stability OF Orcide |hale /oxcacide: ¥ Highest Os OF Meta) eschibked th its Hustides and ox} des Only due to, b eq ae Nigh NE GON and Have small clae- b heir bond is“errective. M-F/IO tonic bod covalent bord | Tonic bond serengthad Adatticn td sige YEE d BOT AguT et BRS Cah A aanice®) CAI. Donat. ed by ou Sn: Highest og OF Meral if More Sta)aleIPle bong ye Foutine, pecause Onggen cat cae) Metal, ee oo M=O i M—F 7 aq w ae Toa as MN oO1 sy MNOSE } MNES ° Does mor ex nee @® Mn FIN f Oo) @ ~~ Sho © : High Qp-2p sepalsion high Sroricerrect 44 _ MX) yt * VPs, * Neahest oxcidarn y stebiligeg® +4 ‘Store can srabiit— yy iS ; Ton Red by X40 Vad,) PY F&O +6 CrRe 5 onl is \ FLO ™n eh foo Cig 05, M904 > Ne5 ts _emice , bur Vols / Veg dogs not omice, ~ a ‘ 3 Velp omoacids |: OR + Ho ——> voolg y cits NBI5 oR Wo NOBIS at gy dl S>BNOtHET Fegtanes oF os 420 4a . 32, 2 FQ: NOly ,VBIg Goeier bur VEo d0es nor soigt Flanide b: their ingrabiting Wn Lowel gerentinoer OF BseaTeaneigy a © s ue ze Vac cops) ah SO ‘i y +9, ta, 4 «MNO < Mnoa < Mnad7 idle marane = Yoon ett, CaP peidic NGS > Voos e Uno <\a05 Ont teric hove 1 Here ae Fe tee ou ‘BP thon covalent | ORF Vo05 lOnic > Covalent Note oF Oxide: Basic y weidiet Rasict Ceasic) FEO, CUO 40 ERCOpr, + AB THO , Cin02 Nog- Nost v og) neces Mphoreric | > # VO > covalent a 9 Dae 0 ~ GY OSS ge ee Bo sen ened OSS MNT oy =F Green'catoat due to BNET Ceigand meral chare trons|| Misoed oxide: FO 304 2 FEO K&FOIS *Cosd4 co & an | * vngoa ! Mog + find t — KoCrg0, . : % Propared From’ Iton chromate Crecrace) +3 : LF80 + A102) Preparation: 46 sdi0 i + Fea! 1 podthog + Nagcos +02 =? Nastros 3 ae. kann CayooT Sodiam Chiomate: Mon chrome “Se covoes as 4 Nagero4 + OH* —— > Nagcied4 : sadam dicmornare TNaa@tads OKC) ——5!kae¥9 04 i * Porossiam dichromate NB! KaoTAOr 2 Prepared tough Nast1e07 HecIAs© g9- dium dichtomate fe More salable than KeCTa07- Dichsormare ~ crno4 * — chiomatre ChO4°7 kesoronce roseibie - s ° » ATS OPT Oy I QT 3 91 opq Sd a \) Terrahedral So 9 tS 5 3d? dia #1 Cro bonds are to RMOD KMIRO«, PTEPATES FTOTN Meng y CPyrolusite) preparation ‘ _ by MNda * KOH + Oo EN * by koMNOs + ONT ——_ KyNog Cunoa7) + NOD } PRorassiar permanganare Kono Cros) Porassiam manganare INDUSTRIAL PREPARATION CABORATORY PREPRRANON b wn®* -+ Sodg” —Had_, KMNO 4 Perordidefcuiphate lon va o4 Oo * 4& 4v 3 Op? Manganate lon Terranedial OT Apq — Wy @ wntS = sade Pana , MM (158M Green duet | ot 7 -d transition *® mo g® o a note Permanganare lyn | Ag 21005 Mn Terrahedial TN ST 9 Opq—3dqC5)] : 0 6:0 | MntT = 3q° dig, NM=O Parple coloay duero, suey Yellow Slay due 2aaivatent. C4)ppm ca [DE PpTEPeTHIES OF Khinggy : a . AS ¥ a ( ® Biewtortae Cores ) 5 : , at 7 DOTK _PAIPIS OMI Needle tke crgarattine ood’, L SOR eo 2 e% SZ 2 eating We EAR OM) c7 We? YJ 0 ee T Le + |4.0n NEIING fe decomposes to FoI Kannds (Paiple Of ar XQ _ ° 7 ° greend -§7 aps ep3 SO 0 AHS CTO Dongs AE SALtivaeg omidising action: nat GAT > 4: Op_ - 3dq ers 3 pig , we ThE SH 4] ¥09. . Prop Stange sed due to ANON : a Mn+ \enees > kolI9O7 is an grange Ciystatine solid. wis less soludie in water. ym = 4 1 > Mp > er0k > on Heating ; ir decampases to Fo Kaci 4 Corange NB? ‘© Yellow) | Oxcidising action + ‘ crtS 4 ge —_tedn_, gy a 1S = Reidfe median 7 C101 4 GST + A HY > oer2t 40 a ee Me = 2x6 +J-Ve.0¢ —> 9 9 — rower +veos Lower +e Os ——> Higher +ve og FQ: > KMnog + Qo — Ls pnt ee NSO 4 FQ: cr 904 Mt 5 , > kt + ot - 3M > KoC1207 +909 —H erst + 9037 > 3%a ee Se = _ yon 7 * . MN Alkaline soln oF nectral medians 2 as > KoO%9 O7 + HNO, ——_, e134 + NOs” Green aa : Mnog + se” ——> Mn4* Y oF Cos) 3 SES SEAS Sa TT7 {MreyConvey Se ChTOMALE and Aichrorare ions I" "Abi with suftable. pit - ros EE e103 3 0H7 orange. Yeitos 7 / PH >E 508 4 USeS OF KoO19 94! 7 > God Of ip Volumetric Analysis - ~ > of in leather industrg . — Preparations oF Mang asocoMpound . GSD Cradare tony) ‘san oN 3x03 8042 Y20, ee g MONQAINAS And Perma) pie with SuitabIe PR. Ht eH cg nganare. Ions .are interconvend. wno4?” Green ses OF KNNg, + G00 SA my Volumetric Analyste > Bleaching OF Sik, Corton, ete. > Heccloarisarion oF ails. > Disinrecrant in water >in VQ CON. MNO4™ PY 5a 50H Parpie AY Me doe 16 ies Oxidising character> 5 pica . Past S emerin antipenatrimare FP > Also known as Inner transition CONES - Cantnanoid Benes ranjon’ ran Baa tag onttoraa Prasgatymin, Premetign | Fare | THERM TM Yb *Cormonty known as Rare earth gemens. * AI ATE siverg white metal * common os is 43 3 _® Radioactive tantnancid: Pr Cpromethtund )¥ Steel hard Metal: Sm samarium) Electronic conrigaration: Ti tue sins piace a Exe] ar 5qent go tos cy - — | ~ Ap act ag? 4f 45q4602 ap lH tgs *orners, ; Lxe] 4e=°S got ne, ty Gast = apt S sm = Lxel] 4eS e928 s Ba 6 a > Cxe] ae%es2 a BS by tyst W =~ [xe] ae* 34 Atomic ot tonic Radius: THE $-BLOCK eheMeENTS FT Reringid Series BICAEINOM ty inom PKG ANE) Beveswom £1 he 2h Pa UND RG BiG OR ee fel “thoniany Wonton Auronton Wrlow ' Coliromntas gp Oe Nadioactive ements. y REOVIEST NALGTANY Geeaving element ie Uranium . Elem- ers CFTC) CHANG ane cated rane chaniim Siemens apt are Merals. KCOMMON Oe | Electtonic Coneigavation ; +3. 3 GEC > CN=9) FAH Capa o* pst Cm=period) ean Pra:7 TRn1 BF BAS AQ2. | Len] BEI !S Se? Ae eee OM----------- ee ss Soe BF? ed! Io? Bred! Ts? BEN gqi jaa BF! Gd! 4% tas Bdlec? Breed Teo he > gate? boms* omer Tend BF eee 5 es ty qn2? > ten) oF a tp oo = Ten] pr 1s : a8 a a “Atomic ar lanic tadiug: © am Ss pend BET TIS? 8Consequently . * Bromic radius / onic radius: Rast >COs > =. >SIF*> oH * Mromic Tadius of 4d =Bd series = zrAt = Rat * Basic chayacrer , Cisotation is dificate) 7 BME Y ACI AS RaCoWg) > Cecons)> ----- > LACOWs ~ sige ~ Basic SE Rasigg % Racowds » Gd Conds, CUCOHs, YCOND: lL > LACOHIS > GACONIs > KU COHs > VCOHad ise yori ey COGUVER ANA Magneric Property! IS % go Para gy Nounpaired eo red No UNnpaired CF via due to Dio citless #-F transition golguriess = Esxcepr: @d3+ > chiess % Max Paamagneriom tice > Nd" veadioniom HP caleutare Magnerie mornent oF Gd2*. a5-q BM ») 4-9 EM Oeqew 47-9 eM > 6d3t 3 4—7 ; ‘No-oF Gnpaired C= 71 = MMe 1-9. By Oscidation stare: * COMMON and atable ag ig +5, * pe ; Ma we) -9.9 <> -g.ay aways -Vve SRP Seer inweree TOW er BP gl aR Te BF ce To-of ar oS Ms FSS Have a er Ss 1; Bees Hane ag! Poor/ Negligible se 7 SEY 5 Saaible oe; ge wyciae W “Rettacty blu Nucleus And . Retinoic eanuracticn Nalence shel t siae 4 = fanthandid cont ey congeaNOnelg, le =? C835, => 4F' Contoured) om Pa >. ACRE SW > > erst) 7 BASIC = ACCOHI|> ThoWs >... > ErCoH)s. ar ——————> pr node:n-) > Nodew-1 5 > Bls4 { _NO-OF node 4 Sey Retraction + | gactinoid Contraction is greater sro Cement to Clem! ent than lanthanoid contraction due to ce oF BF fe om aliey than 4F Cie; 5F > negligiple and 4e > emall oe) ealoureg and Magnetic Propertg: | Q which oF the Folowing ton is chess 9 meet ower gras? dame Citlese Bo,a9 Borda | firor and last | DeDwnn emmy Oy Mes) Cinay SUS4 => 4PM = coloutless * Magneric Moment =n oseidation crate’: _ time Goagai CE, PT NA, MH, BY okt —Rinaga.. a ‘only in Oxides , Moo, Ee yatyyat = TNS 3% Mas __a8dn_, wyst caqy : (aay I + Goad of & + Good of setae), 0 Ve saan Z > Poetcesy 7 AN TaN : So, always M4 ig MOTE stable.ace Fst war = Ve we) wat osan yar y Goad RA Chemical Properties: a s tp" Ce) is oneidan, Hark BNon.) Nea sMnge,Lnges—- f06 es r ccontides) a3 eters thos, e Het From diare adi s Basic ko. ot with acids hy alkatineoun 6? My, A tera) ox-8 Ides and Wareckies *.Ahe Chemical properties oF kn \P_ = SOO KT! MHOh (Sa =t000 KT! Mol CHINES FOF ¥% sm, EA, Ty, Yos Nd 9 +2 the sormath OF this ion caqy cea) Egat Is strony Agent = Ruminiot Ke oF KN Aatcium Che Cartier MEMbers ave quire i ‘reactive similar to calcium, with’ Tsing arornic Number 4). Applications of d and + block Slements: S Fe and sreet: Most imp Consrraiction mareriat S Feo + En Mischmeral + Bater making cused in Ma- Bie 7 Oe : asad alloys), p-————> Coraces OF Stace $,¢1, AI, ca, eI.) duce ahen and 1 VSdlachhy Yor CHE Is vedcicrgg| PUR MOVES g 7 : 7” a = -ov csmoll Vz cost 1s NOE Wan Cea iy solation EOOcpt § EPpy st Jey y ‘Voriatn), ta ea " » RY sr contiguraty go, Ces ur cag) ‘OY does Nor erxcist in golution am Pa UND Pu pm om Bk Cro oF AS 45 43 45 43 4s 4 4s +3 Ge) +4 44 44 ta 44 $4 44 nant 75 4H +m a NQNESe OS OF F-Hlack Is +7 chown by Atinolds . mw ACLINIAS can FoI JANge NO.OF Os than lanthancids: HECIUSES COMPATADIE | slight nergy dirFevENnce blw 49,84 and BF Orbiral. chemical Properties; . xbcrincids One highly Tedtive bur they are Tadfoactive a XXX ANCON) s + No Bncows Tho me ApRiications oF @ and -# block Clements: bb Mixed Oxides QF Fanthancids + caralyerin petroleum S BUSPAR a ea cracking ond Etovision Screougs agg HOTS). ZNENile} 1 Nnoas th Dig COL. (Batrerg Indaserg ISO FEAAICESLs Ager Coliver Bromide? : PHorod"s Ly eu s+areel > coppel UK ans - phic Industty . Copecta Vighit—san, | Propertigg 9 - G aga nickel 3 SET OK Coin / SIINET coin : +s Ranthanside : Producth oF alloy Ste elo Foy plates on Coest Single Use) EK % Bi