A and 4 hock Element “The SWonsition Clemens (4-block) , + d-bIock elements ake present form fourth perjod woud. Theme, one sak Anxee Sexieg of Ane ~ansitton metals .— ; Bd desies >} Se... Zn Nd Sewieh > Y.---- + od ; Sd Sesies S La--- Mg i » > Genexal condigusatton of d block element + (n- ajar? nao-2 1 > Typicaryy tne sxansition elements have a6 incompletely Sued > A axbitad Dr May be deYined ag he element whose aiom 1H ) Geoond state ox ion ty one of common oxidarion sraies has ; Pasatang A- Sob Shalt (Le haviog e blw 1 +09 > 3&Ed) and (Ga)ate involved WH ASANSivlon Sexies byt they ore Caned non--Peansitfon elements due to complerely Tned d- oxpirale- as ig block elements = last ein d-Subshen lentexd | =e |Teanslaton elements = \ithen & comes $ goes iy 3 steed 1 onile. wea Q 982 oS OM gy 26 OA Bo — rom’ no) > So RN Cm My fe Co Mh Ce 35 oy p ue “st gst yg? ust ust ygt ug? Uggal aad Bde Bd> gas gat sd* ad® ad® gai'o ~F Genexal reends in Ane Chenfotyy NX RANT HON element ¢- Ke Promie size + ERO Se—> Cx exon ea) (Avornie size 4) {Norte stee=sane) (jrowte size 4) eu veeesvuveuwuve Ra-Sexies)(7-eFeciive Aoxce! ar So v= eS TP y Ce N= Ze = fnses EO wepeisfon Gu +z0= Inxex e& xepatision 1 % Mn fe co (Meraie waateg (Pe) (Gveseasteg Atomic, nooaber) ~& Mesaitic Chosactes + BT a-wock elemems ane 9° lass (ire the Penviinaje) Sheri of Clecwwong 19 expanding: Qos, wey neve, many Physical and Chernical Peopesttey fr Common. Wi) Neowy alt Ane seansitlon eremnents display typical meraite puopenties Sodh Q3 Nah sensi\3 Sreengin wo Nay y Mateabitity, High Sextmal ANd elearrdal Conduartiag and mesatiic \ustex - i) Most axangition elements hove cep | hep “pe Stovcswned. (iy) The +eansitfon elements one Ney roel Haxd and hove lou Nolaatittay 5 Avex Nove Nigh ensnalpy OF Ahomizatfon . =F ~pyansition eremenss Prysieal Peopesy depon V'Por M:B+8 rie , ¥ V3 Meralle Gono Sesengin 3 %& No: oF LApekwed Aectxong sq Co SHAW] SA U8! wn Sno: Bonjxtued = BARRA AMRAANRAA AA BRD DR ~ Aee gg EE Ve © Wcafermonion, MolMorypaenoss) ana \nilirungaien) Haxe samo no. @ oF Lnpatsed e© gna -tnerelore, Ahese owe vena had mexalg and & YaNe warkmum enrnaiples 09 atortizaston In Anelx Kespeciive heiad @ ¥ Merting and Baling Polina + . o> Meiting and dailing poinas o8 d-block > S-block- ‘eo Reason 4 gyxonges meiaitic bond Youmed peesent dy Lppotsed Ss > aecawONs. » > TIn&), €d)ana neve 1s no unpatsed electsdngs present to d-ourital In 8d Series Solgcandtom) 40 Cslemomium) meving ond Teciting Point ineveages ane Wins A “ng andl ‘ealling point deceased. Hyanese) Ao za(zine) mmanlog a hence due to agence of Coratent bond marttng and trotting Poin ff exe Ney \ow in Sexter (Nolative merala AN Cd aM): » av — 3d yg . Ca- ud? 53% 4 Ho Lnpotsed e© a Rav sal” 6s? » » ~~ Se SB 7 As she nombex ef unpatsed d- eleoawons inckeased , the numbers of Covalent bond ana bond ener Hlud Awe atorns is Expected +0 'N@sease Upto ox- Mo-Ww Secnily ushexe each of “ne al osbital “@ has om unipatked aleainong and YN opportontty Sox Conalent Shaxing Vig ox ) Na Prearest res) ~ > Lowest ranting pains (2%) 3 Highest melatng point (exes) J lex 00m temps) - Porgater) e ‘\ te es * Dens: D Me Aomic volumes of se -Wansion elemenys are lous Compared ~ Ulin vine elemenig of geovlp 1 and 2. Anis is becauge ane inexeated eMeertve nor of Craege + TW addition, the exxa electeons added occupy Tonex oxbHelss a Congeqy ently se Gens of ame reansvfon metals oe Qee. Nah 5IN| > Rexoss a pertodd Leorm lel so wgnt axomic Nolumes deosease and Mommie magseh ineseases. ea nein : e oo VGOL[ SC WAVE HEME Bee cog Wecurzn | ON ‘ ezine {3 an exceiplion , having touge Aomie Volwme anal hag lowex, Sensing. > BAYA C5 a Sede lMaden >= > |Maxtmom, Aengiay ¥ Midtorm (hy > Osmiom os) [@enstey Y3 Grovip wor} cu un a oe & Ties Z : 6 x 5 A Greooip Nombes Ae Donisation Enexaies ow Donisarion Ener > Ta Sexies Leom els 40 signe, lonisarfon enthalpy ossessg due to inexease in Nvcleas Charge i {et to qn —Tzeh ay\ > MWe Yings ionisation enesay of La, cd and acne Newy igh becavse of Andis Pty Wwed (m-1y" ns? Conttgusaston ~& Oidasion Qakes 1 > The sransition mrerals extibts a laxge no: of oxidarton SSAAES > Gath, Ane excefpiton of a Rew elements, ost oT AhEse Brow Vakelie Oxidatfon SrareS. These diifexem oxidation stares axe relayed 49 ane eleossonic Cont Rqueavion 8 Anelx atom.Gee |b MONG A AL AL ©. eo ye S Me extexance oF ahe srxansifon arements fa atfexens oxtdasrton 3 anak Anefs G40 Can lose aid fexent noe of Llecnon Rares means s Tis is dve-yo ine pasticaprton of Annes Ln- 4) a Heetsons {oy Dwecavse We enesgies of 4ne ng Adafafon AO OOACK H9- VECKONS Ana Ln- 4) a- Sobshell ase nearly, game. of a blocks element 1S 5 _ QErevad oxidation tare Aap > omy Wlesmiven)y and@d\gement vin) Shows +B oxidarfon stare in ; . 7 ‘ [nintmum oxidatten s¥aie = no: of ts" etecrions | p Maximum oxidarvon grote = No- of "8" glecrwons ++ untpated | > ele ck XonS > > Ey Yelos) : [psjad? us » Wintmorm oxidarfon grate = +2 . mortmom oxtdartor State = Whit » ae 2 aro = tb Ay » » » dx Compound - > Mickle i et . @ fore) ana Rig wh (od ana Velesys, grows 720 oxidation State - = ES SS eS > sc m = GS) and Zn) exhite onty one oxidaafon StAXe- © > ae . FRA Series highest oxfdarion grate is +4 LMn- Manganese) Phy 8% Wighes oxidarfon Stared are most Stable in fwoxides and Sxides Loser. br F Relarive Stability of oxidaaion state t gc? < gc BWP ath lee we : ines, Stable ec i mnt? ; 8 ony Roesvion) Vtg yt : CGUdCOCEMn'® ¢ mid] o& sravie conftgueaston ° ( Gs! < ex'S]a® ts more siable than dfn a aq: 301”. “& Natwre of oxiae Wydreoxtde ;. A A teas (gd sete) poe Oxidation stare. Nature of oxide hysxoxtde > 44,479,543 Basic > an Amphoxestc Addie > 45, 4b,49548 aa Bxcebiton = Cx,0a, = Amphosextc Quaar- Pind ane Most acidic oxide 5 Yves ® N503, Gor’. _ = oxidast =+ Qe) vooy Nn0g, = Oxidaifon State = +3 Nooy = oxfdasfon giate = +4 he Noos = onidaston grate = 45 (d) None “F Magnesic propestion : > When tne Vexious guoatance ase placed ina magne\te Yelad rhey Ao nor belnave in gientlox wary ie ney Show diWexeny Hehavfoux Lich, as Known ag magnerto Hehaviou¥. These ake clagsittead ag UW) Paxamagesie Sobstances =the Sebsyance Whidh ase ayxacted| bi: magnesia Sidd axe catted paramageric substance AWS ANE CASKoerey criges due 0 she Poesence of unpatiedi eecor8 In jhe aromie oabhals - A Yiamagese Suostanced = The Substances which ave weperted by ma Yela axe Catted| diarmagneve QuLEstanceh ANel Ng Chaxacey arises 40 the Ppeesence of Pdtked) elecssong. ee, ave aaa ae ee em eeSS . oe Ne 4 Yoe WO Ashe Presence “. Qve +o He ae OF onpatved elecrsons of paived eecr6ons. > The magnerfe moment axise Ory Geom We SIA @Y eleca%ons Ints Gene Ganesh Moon she volaNon le SIREN [wnere@- noo unpatsed eleersons) aes pC . “Popes moment > M=Tiniay) Bm ~e Powmarfon of Invexsilaial Compovndl + ~> Taansition merals Sxors Tniexsiital Corapound wian elernents Soch ag, hydsogens DWOKON , CARON anal ATHOgEN. The Sena arornd of Anese Non- mesranic elemems (H,].C Weve gers swapped fn Nacany Spaces of ane \prttees a} ane ysansitton merals aroms- S5qs- BY We, Yese , Wry go-t:8e. > [Propestfey They Ae Qeneralty non- stotchiomerste Compound. Neianes +ypical Yoric nos Covalent: r Heedex Shan pure meres. tatgn malting pote hen pose meralg. Matieatniay and avery less shen pose metals. Chemicaily inest. * Coralytic peep exited t- > A-bleck Metals os {nEle Coripounds act ag Caralyst in many weaction eve -to i+EbLYG UW) Possibility of Variable oxidation stase- wi) Presence of Sree Valances ovex metal Buxface. ladsoxpiion Ui) Presence of Nacant al- oxbitals. 339; a ay 20S &9) So. 4 to, > 80g Va0g + 90y —> Sog-+ Voo4q SN,04 +O, —> QNg0e, a . (v) Veg ofl + a > Neg Ginee “# Moy Soxmarfog ™ ANoy Gwe homogeneovs Solid Solusions tn Whe he Atos ef one Metal oxe Afsysthuted Kordlomity arson she atoms oF Ane ones MEAL. The. ANOYE Awe encsantyy Qosendd by Adse dors LOWKely have mejatite xadti waka Ass OF each oFNes- > Teansiifon meals oxen a lasge Hvmbex of Alloys. The eansitton eS axe! apiie stentltox in size ana sneselove sine ators OF one emerad Can guasiure dhe atoms oh ores Nerals In VS Crystal lattice. : EQ & Potagsium Oickwomate i ~ WaeO) > Peepexarions Srepr 0 FecyOy + Naatog 40. ——> Nagcxoy + Te,og Coy, [chwonsre oa Seaton ose Greomie ro - Beagg, Baonze, Amalgam, e+e > ) Ms xs ” . Step i-09 NagC%oy “ HaSoy —> Nae ex s 03, Na, a%oq 3) Sodion Suporte | Sedtor, hae Chyontte) acfok dieweomaie)SREP HOS Nageez0, 4 Kel > GSaqBH x woos DL na Seater | Poyagsivm | [odtor ichtsorare) aol Slorrornate cnoride) F Potaasivin diotkomare (kOe 0a) Ig! prepared: Yorn ; Chromite oxe Weea,oxt) 1 AE KC%303 19 Separate dt vy Ywactionad caypranitsarton i Cheomy) Oh “eat 5 Ky@0q tb Kok + Wodo0y — > Caorcte ~y kHSOY A L199 Poragsivm y : (cores ' sichuornate) Chiowde, ; (Red xapors) "> Propenties of Kees 09) te pant oe ct t ) \) When potassiven dicrsomate 1s healed ulin any tonto ontoxtde , (2% Nach, Bad, este) and concenwaredd Hadoy, Sed Vaposs j of Clraomy-Chhoxtde ote ovroinedt. (eraomey aniorde sess) ) > srwwotures oF dhwomate ond Aichxomare ton3 5 » Kale 0 ' (Gorcast mn oho eee to i rm ok wwomare) (Porasstur erwomate) Ho , A Cxnoy> —= a —_—_—_ Coo 2 one \c ichsomaye. ton) [Creorare. ony ae , - “2 roe yt 0 ° ° : a“ o ew ex 8 i aN é\ 5 eyo>The cleomare and dickwomate tons axe {nrexcomextiiple in Aqueous Solvvton depenaiing por she PHL OF ane Solosfon: Ao wwe 3 Coles) nee Lo? ee “2 , Q em") a ° “yes enjovr) Pe0y7* 4 gon" _ Basic _y aa : : me, sre dton” (aernee) Chromate S fond Bort ion Gino seis aes a petenarty, sranctavdl (6 Nolumerrta anaysis . > “Kal 03” Powexlor cxidiging agent An acidic medion 5 Onalsing Agent > dusxo ka oxidation Koxega apna xedvesion Peo Kaxke- “fk 7 r mas alt Ckaeeaos Oy + \WaSoy o S20}, -F\HgS01 et Culsou),, si (rons oesierg) / Doric Loses “Oa 0y?"y HY ax? 4 [o] + Hao By e909 WTS FE —> ev Huge 4 etd 42 Contes QS ® YT 7d aptife® Se Pet oatde) (Toatrg, | Ugat™@ => 808 iene) CD (Sey sou? dg) ys —> S nA AMAMO OD OO MOMMOMAMQQHAUNNT FF FF* Poraasivm Pewmaganare - (KMno,) 7 ok green) " S4ebeMnog + Kot 4} Oo —GrS+ oo y . : > Preipasotion - Pyxolusite (Mno,) Porasst a) i - , Foaganate = Eos) ae KaMinoy * yee ae FHM + ego + KT ; . 3) Potagstow, oe , a pes moger’) , ae . ° #. DW As-prepaved py Rosion of pypolusite (Manoa) , with Kou fn ¢ Ane presence oP an oxidisin: AQENN KE KNOg! This Producer AHE dank queen porasstom maganate (Ks Mav) wohteh ) Aispropassonates in a neural ox adidfe Zo\wston +0 give \ porple Peeranganare- \ > In ine eeeetes Koy is Prepare d 4 oxidatfon.of raggnese , (n) fon sory KY” Peroxodtsoyphate- , avin 58:03" Bo —> BMnog + Josey 4. \bet ' (Pevorodtaniphare), es (Cesenaganes) : = Potagsive maganete 7 Rogciagtorn, smaganaie | (Komnoy) ({sron0y) Jonta Lown ionic Youm corre, (HI) eee (Meee)mr Byevetue oF Manganate and Pesmanganare 5 Royagsiom manganare , Porassiom pesmaganate (KaMinoy) : (KMinow) Dorie Rosm = (minoy) Donte Josey =tvnow?) noe A : o oO” u ‘ \ Mn Hl el ZA \ ~~ Zw rbot | oO 6 oo” } N\ o}! ¢ [emponecsas waganare fos) 5 ie (Pose colour) “(aareke Yveer’ esiose) en Og te Ee on > Porassiom SMaNganate (Kno) 5 - at stgk Kranoy —_-. Katinoy f onney On ye Rotaasiom “\" nfosasstorn 4, , pes esangaate)" manqara®) D> Powers oridising agent An Aid, neteral ow gaste medion 5 Useonoy), ; > oxtatstng Agent io_Ketato Medio ») 7 2 i KMpog + Ha8oq —? Mot 4 sou, Has + COSY Dorie = | Mor Ww TEs, oy iemnmca tne Mae [0}® Doaide ro iodine Bide +o lod Moog + BY D7 3 Mot ego + Lo 8). Mycogen Sutide te Sse Moog Wt 4 9s rant® 4 ago a3 wi) yor ton\: ween) to FT fon etter) Maoyd Ut 4 V2 > “ ni® Vergo + Fe* wd oxalate fon -ro_cavoon ationtle Moog + weogou? > mat nd x O36 / W) Solphite to salphare , Moog + Ht 4 wg” __“y asta ail sou Wi) Nitdte +o whisale Moog +e Soy Ma® a Hg9 © Og” > _ KMaoy in basic and nexsod medion Moog” + tao 3" Mnog + On fo} SY Dodide to fodare (ay og) —— te ¥ MAG 4 Hoo Agd—s3 Moog 4 out + Vag" Wi) Thiosetphaie to 30 ) phate (ss0g% > s0y" 2) Mn > E dy 04 83:09 —> Mnoy + on + Soy?“The Temex Tiansition Bement (4 - block) “© Laninanids t+ RUA LORRI ON ( AE We tnnex *wonsision glements consigt 0 Wnanddot dd Kd Aeainods aaa Xe Choxacteriged by Yiting of 2 oxvinals. a lonnanot BS x The gexies lave —Winanoi dg, Wing she Tuting of UF- Oxvitals Aqmowi ' lanrmanom 7= 84) 18 cated Sne \aninanotd Sexier. SAY Sernents in anis gexies, SYA Loi Ce xiven SOC ga) Lo, \urestiorn te Lat). exe aX > Ryo exvies of \anthonoids > Wwe Signy dense meraig “ ene ign Meving poinas. i 1 Yorn MEYS easily with others medals - e 8 i Ree Soft, maneadle, and duewfle-wskith lous tensile SMeengine | > Oxidation graye > NE MOs+ Char BMEMENSS Ig oxidation gia. 1 AcreRste oxidation sare oF lanshencide ; Some of Ane evernens algo extol + ® ond | t nent ‘ P Coloured _najoser: . Beene of AME aNivalentions of lammnencids are Cawv%seg. 4 Mis {gs due tw AME absexptfon io Nigibte xegton ot Ane : Selpraom resorting 9-4 svansinion because ANey Have 1 ‘Pareety Yue oxdfpars. i at oe 1 a= [Comenon oxidation ate of Lot? ig @| : Y> Magneric peopesryy j- ad . * - ° \ : Renan lansnonotds , Le®* and Ls) Wanton have UPong uf! eleessOns - Oxe diatmognexe and an tne oper tsiralent lan xmenoids \ONS oxe Be crearnagneric Heoause of jhe Presence of unpatred et > Reacriviays- S AN Jantnancids axe wigniy elecdxopositive metals and hove AD Alrmost Vetlay clhernicad xeacrivity: ~> Laninanotal conrsacifon 5- YH lanthanofag; sian Incseasing @AOM*E Hormbex 5 HE Srowievana Tonic wadti decxeaces “Mom one clemens to MES but tne decveage is Nosy Smait - 14 13 because , fox Newy Additonal proton Io Nve| CNS) AME Cowsesipondfing e- goes AMO @ UP- gubshall, Linich tg ~oo AI Fused to Brcen AME DEACLS Ag ePReortvely AS We Enoxe’ \ocalised innex shall: Hence; tne arrzaciton ofS Ane nvcleng fox ane Ovex most Cleerwong \noxeages Srenaty whin the comic number. 7 [+ 4 Dabital, none ‘poo’ Srietatng eect —jleroste saeba]Q9S-ElL PEOS/LL +K Acainoids + > The elernents Votloust SKE cated gaainotd > Ree vy Sah, AMEX mmerals , Spectany fons - > Are sity RAY WHY metals, Wher axe Nighy reactive. + > Ger rorxnishead Usher Aowauds acids. > Rerinoiag Gonar. On a . ? Te arcmic and ionic size. Aeckeages Uta an (nexease NS Otome B+ e- axe added 40 Ane nucieay cher ge inexease , Causing AWE, Sink Imodaxdg oF ane sobshert. . he cope Beret 68 E- tn Voiwtial Ay Foo stand eMeat rat AG? hy ‘ , , of oes , {waleax change 1 ' \ ’, . Size decxeager |, : - ae maaan 22". =H [Aerinotaa conssacvion > Lactinetals: oo ay v . (arg \s& eae) : ‘Lanegt sett) ane sy . 2 oO. ve ys WSL, poow sheiaing eXfeor of 5% ofbstal 1§ queare’s Anan “*.'G® osbtial. : ” > Hrecreonte Configuaaitons, : vee Y ; : Acainiviny has “He elecizonfe Conftguxaifon bd FS Quom smoxiom (Z=Qo) SMWwaxds 4 ao oxiral ge+ 7 progessively ued vip: Lecavse of Eqvad ere 08 meee y EAS vbshell, Nese Ase Dome wNessdingles a Aeriniven, Aelz=8g), Lp Ao lavoxencivm {z=103) eXPEeEd Ao aNkAllS ang axe less ‘eacstve ane SF gubshall, a8 0 dYegoiy ghly denge metals usin a Wgh snating potas and Your anioys“eQ@rdiing utiag J a® S® and E- Most oF jHeke proper!ikelid Comperanle 40 Shak oF laos acids. > oxtdarton site Hreneory & oxidavon sarave 1s jpredexxed To Aealnolds. he « Rlermenss Ae ame Rust oF ackinaids Sexies Aseqvensty extint Wghes oxidation Sore. EQ dine cnaxtiur oxfatatfon stare Incseoseh Boom [AG 10. MH) 4o (AS, Hy ADA in Pa, & and We) vespectNary WF decrease An gvecee ding Sernens- > Colovsed Naruse 5- > Mogneste peoipesty . ” : 3 Mong @® Ave acrinctas fons axe Foramagnerte In Masuse. ) > > > > » » » 4 Wwe centers Fons ave Colovsed. ~~ = Ne ; W >D Reacrivtry 5- | > yee ASS elecrwopositive Anat Yowen Barns qs Weil ag Complexes + Many of anese Sr OSE Radkfoaciive. ede ~ DiMMexences bo Lanwmansids and Acvigot ds lanwnancids and fete 3 Lantnancids' > vf oarlial 1s peogeessivery > sf oxntred fs Ruead Med. : + PBordarion srare ts 08+ > Mey sHow GO ©, Cemenor along esti Beara) @s Oxidaaton Stone, @w- Ooty Promearnionm (Pm) &s — AN awe. waaioaerine. wadhoaesvive progessively tite Pr > Tey owe less xeaertve Aman 7 Me ycwe mone reactive - 2 eaZ VEOC/LLI6G:> AEXre Psol eXATEX atee | 5 Magneste ‘propenttes axe > regres cn QoFAPLEX: lesg Complex: ‘ ¥% Uses of Lanihancids »- : ‘ axe Used As > Me pose mesals hore no specie vse+ So AY ANoYs Cx Compounds. : ° nich > AS alloys lansnanaidgs ake Used ty Maing a mised Merals) ONY Consists of \arihansid'S merals (+95%]*) and won (eS4l") os) Feaces oF guiphos, Combon, Caletos and alvenintum »Magnestom WAIKEA UTAH Qa]. Mish emerald 1S LSed Sox mariog, Sek engine Pas. ‘ jor . > Real mixed wih Las Ce, PS ANA WA Ws USE SH Ame mranvfoeure OF Pame Arreousiog FanKs. ~> Lanranancids exideg are sed Box polishing qass- > Neoaymivm ana Prarecdyentom oxides arse used Ros a Cojoused Qasses os VWaaes-: ~> Cedvry gaia are vsed in ayeing coven ANd ABO AS Coraiysre > tanrnancids compounds axe ged ag a cataryat Lox he Hypregenation, deryaeogenaion ANA Peolewm Ceaekt oq. > Pysophoric atoys axe vsed Sos marking traces Duets ancl Shells. ne * uses of AoNinsids's- seefted URES OF AEROSES, > Mnoxivm ig used Fos in ane treatment of cancer. > Lranfom ig LIed in Ane Q\ass Anatossey 5 Aexat\e Sodugry 5 . An medicines andes Hveieas Suet. > Plwtontom is used In asorcie Yeactoxs and in adtoenta dompe. , ; (ab Standasad Recrxode Porentfal + > Rrecrrode porenvfal is she porensial deveroped on a rneial Rlecrxode vohen'is is io equillosiven ular a soluton of tag von ong , taking elec4xons Axor ANE elecyxode. > Mexe is Wweequiax voxiavfon in elecrxode porenial dave to Fesegutax votaiion ta ionisation enthalpy » Soblimarton energy And energy of hydration. The €° value decsease Yor teh Ao xignt acxosa fre gediess Mn Mi yzn Have Wrghes Nalve than MPerred hecause of Wee hat} ined ow Comperary Med Sd- wablialg in cage of Vn and z0** neapecsen and the highest Pegative enexqy enidataby oF Hyaeavion (ii5, Qua Why ts the Highest oxidation state of a meral exhibited tn {43 oxides and Noxtode. ony} fee Mesal > dddieck V gh —> oridistng agenrtstss v ‘{merats se e* ‘ete MOs4 ele crwonegast Ne element ood #. DE. -Fo senalt Size andl hon erecreoneg atiity > oxygen ox SWworine can oxfaise @ meral jo MS nt AS a Yegul4 of aris, Oxfdlation state. NEST exidarfon, Strate. 7 Mey Can oxidise g meral so HS Highest Ee Kee%s0q. Kr oy.