Lesson Plan: Procedural Text – "How to Make Something"
1. Definition
A procedural text is a type of text that explains how to do or make something step by step. It provides
clear instructions so that the reader can follow and complete a task successfully.
2. Function
The main purpose of a procedural text is to give instructions on how to complete a task. It is commonly
used in:
Recipes (e.g., how to make a sandwich)
Instructions (e.g., how to use a blender)
Experiments (e.g., how to do a simple science experiment)
Tutorials (e.g., how to create a social media account)
3. Grammar Structure
Imperative verbs (command words): Cut, Mix, Pour, Stir
Connectors (to show sequence): First, Next, Then, After that, Finally
Present simple tense (used for giving general instructions)
Adverbs (to describe how to do something): Gently, Quickly, Carefully
4. Language Features
Use of imperative sentences (Put the bread on the plate.)
Use of action verbs (Mix the flour and eggs together.)
Use of sequence words (First, then, next, after that, finally)
Detailed but simple instructions
5. Example
How to Make a Cup of Tea
Ingredients & Materials:
1 teabag
Hot water
Sugar (optional)
Milk (optional)
A cup
A spoon
Steps:
1. First, boil some water until it is hot.
2. Next, put a teabag into a cup.
3. Then, pour the hot water into the cup.
4. After that, let the tea steep for a few minutes.
5. Finally, add sugar or milk if you like, stir well, and enjoy your tea!
1. Imperative Verbs (Kata Kerja Imperatif)
Imperative verbs adalah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk memberikan perintah atau instruksi. Dalam
teks prosedur, kata kerja ini digunakan untuk menjelaskan langkah-langkah yang harus dilakukan.
Contoh:
Cut the vegetables into small pieces. (Potong sayuran menjadi potongan kecil.)
Mix the flour and water together. (Campurkan tepung dan air bersama-sama.)
Pour the milk into a glass. (Tuangkan susu ke dalam gelas.)
Stir the soup slowly. (Aduk sup secara perlahan.)
2. Connectors (Kata Penghubung untuk Menunjukkan Urutan)
Connectors digunakan untuk menghubungkan langkah-langkah dalam teks prosedur secara berurutan.
Contoh:
First, boil some water. (Pertama, rebus air.)
Next, put the teabag into the cup. (Selanjutnya, masukkan kantong teh ke dalam cangkir.)
Then, pour the hot water into the cup. (Kemudian, tuangkan air panas ke dalam cangkir.)
After that, let the tea steep for a few minutes. (Setelah itu, diamkan teh selama beberapa
menit.)
Finally, add sugar or milk if you like. (Terakhir, tambahkan gula atau susu jika suka.)
3. Present Simple Tense (Menggunakan Simple Present Tense)
Teks prosedur ditulis dalam bentuk Simple Present Tense karena memberikan instruksi yang bersifat
umum atau rutin.
Struktur dasarnya: Subject + Verb (base form) + Object
Biasanya menggunakan kata kerja bentuk dasar (V1).
Contoh:
You boil the water until it is hot. (Kamu merebus air sampai panas.)
The chef mixes the ingredients together. (Koki mencampur bahan-bahan bersama-sama.)
She cuts the bread into small pieces. (Dia memotong roti menjadi potongan kecil.)
4. Adverbs (Kata Keterangan untuk Menjelaskan Cara Melakukan Sesuatu)
Adverbs digunakan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana suatu tindakan dilakukan.
Contoh:
Stir the soup gently. (Aduk sup dengan lembut.)
Cut the vegetables carefully. (Potong sayuran dengan hati-hati.)
Pour the milk quickly. (Tuangkan susu dengan cepat.)
1. Imperative Verbs (Kata Kerja Imperatif)
Digunakan untuk memberikan instruksi atau perintah.
Imperative Verb Arti
Cut Potong
Mix Campurkan
Pour Tuangkan
Stir Aduk
Bake Panggang
Boil Rebus
Chop Cincang
Add Tambahkan
Blend Haluskan dengan blender
Spread Oleskan
Peel Kupas
Squeeze Peras
2. Connectors (Kata Penghubung untuk Menunjukkan Urutan)
Digunakan untuk menghubungkan langkah-langkah dalam teks prosedur secara
berurutan.
Connector Arti
First Pertama
Second Kedua
Next Selanjutnya
Then Kemudian
After that Setelah itu
Finally Terakhir
Before Sebelum
Meanwhile Sementara itu
Connector Arti
At the same time Pada saat yang sama
Once Setelah itu
In the end Pada akhirnya
Last but not least Yang terakhir tetapi tidak kalah penting
3. Adverbs (Kata Keterangan untuk Menjelaskan Cara Melakukan
Sesuatu)
Digunakan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana suatu tindakan dilakukan.
Adverb Arti
Slowly Perlahan
Quickly Cepat
Gently Dengan lembut
Carefully Dengan hati-hati
Thoroughly Secara menyeluruh
Evenly Merata
Firmly Dengan kuat
Lightly Dengan ringan
Properly Dengan benar
Completely Sepenuhnya
Gradually Secara bertahap
Roughly Secara kasar
Multiple Choice Questions on Procedural Text
1. What is the purpose of a procedural text?
a) To tell a story
b) To give instructions on how to do something
c) To describe a place
d) To entertain the reader
➡️b) To give instructions on how to do something
2. Which of the following is an imperative verb?
a) Slowly
b) Gently
c) Mix
d) Carefully
3. What type of sentence is commonly used in procedural texts?
a) Declarative sentences
b) Imperative sentences
c) Interrogative sentences
d) Exclamatory sentences
4. Which of the following is a sequence connector?
a) First
b) Happy
c) Delicious
d) Sweet
5. What verb is best for describing the action of blending fruit into a smoothie?
a) Chop
b) Blend
c) Bake
d) Peel
6. Which sentence is an example of a procedural text instruction?
a) The cake was delicious.
b) Pour the milk into a glass.
c) I like drinking tea.
d) The weather is nice today.
7. What is the correct order of sequence connectors?
a) Finally – First – Next – Then
b) First – Next – Then – Finally
c) Next – First – Finally – Then
d) First – Finally – Next – Then
8. Which of these words is NOT an imperative verb?
a) Stir
b) Quickly
c) Chop
d) Bake
9. Which sentence is written in the correct present simple tense?
a) He mixing the dough.
b) I mixed the ingredients.
c) She stirs the soup gently.
d) We will bake a cake.
10. Which adverb best describes an action done with care?
a) Carefully
b) Quickly
c) Roughly
d) Firmly
11. What is the correct instruction for peeling an orange?
a) Peel the orange before eating it.
b) The orange is peeled.
c) Peeling the orange.
d) Peels the orange.
12. Which of the following connectors is used to indicate the last step?
a) First
b) Next
c) Finally
d) After that
13. What type of text is a recipe?
a) Procedural text
b) Narrative text
c) Descriptive text
d) Persuasive text
14. Which of the following is NOT commonly found in a procedural text?
a) Steps
b) Ingredients or materials
c) Dialogue
d) Instructions
15. What is the correct instruction for making a sandwich?
a) Spread butter on the bread.
b) The butter is spread on the bread.
c) Spreading butter on the bread.
d) I spread butter on the bread.
16. What is the function of adverbs in procedural text?
a) To describe the sequence of steps
b) To describe how an action is performed
c) To name the ingredients
d) To introduce a story
17. Which of the following is a correct procedural text sentence?
a) I like drinking tea in the morning.
b) You should make a cup of tea.
c) Boil some water and add a teabag.
d) It is important to drink tea.
18. What is the correct way to describe a gentle action in a procedural text?
a) Stir the soup gently.
b) Gently stir the soup.
c) Stir gently the soup.
d) Soup stir gently.
19. What is the best verb to describe cutting something into small pieces?
a) Chop
b) Pour
c) Mix
d) Stir
20. Which word is commonly used to introduce the second step in a procedural text?
a) Next
b) Finally
c) First
d) Last
