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OOPs C++ Important Notes

This document provides important notes on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) using C++, covering fundamental concepts such as classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also discusses control structures, functions, constructors, destructors, file handling, templates, and exception handling. The content is exam-oriented and includes code snippets for better understanding.

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24 views3 pages

OOPs C++ Important Notes

This document provides important notes on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) using C++, covering fundamental concepts such as classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also discusses control structures, functions, constructors, destructors, file handling, templates, and exception handling. The content is exam-oriented and includes code snippets for better understanding.

Uploaded by

srai58640
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPs Using C++ - Very Important Notes (Exam Oriented)

1. Basic Concepts of OOP

- Class & Object: Class = blueprint; Object = real entity.

- Encapsulation: Data + functions ko ek unit mein rakhna.

- Abstraction: Sirf necessary details show karna.

- Inheritance: Ek class doosri class ke features le sakti hai.

- Polymorphism: Ek function ka multiple forms (Function Overloading, Operator Overloading).

- Data Hiding: Private members directly access nahi hote.

2. Tokens, Expressions & Control Structures

- Tokens: Keywords, Identifiers, Constants, Strings, Operators.

- Operators: Arithmetic (+, -, *, /, %), Relational (==, !=, <, >), Logical (&&, ||, !), Assignment (=, +=,

-=)

- Control Structures: if, if-else, switch, for, while, do-while

3. Functions in C++

- Call by Value vs Call by Reference

- Default Arguments

- Function Overloading

4. Classes and Objects

class Student {

private:

int roll;
public:

void setRoll(int r) { roll = r; }

void display() { cout << roll; }

};

5. Constructors & Destructors

- Constructor: Class name jaisa function, object banate hi call hota hai.

- Types: Default, Parameterized, Copy

- Destructor: ~ClassName() - object destroy hone pe call hota hai.

6. Inheritance

- Types: Single, Multiple, Multilevel, Hierarchical, Hybrid

class A { };

class B : public A { }; // Single Inheritance

- Access control: Public, Private Inheritance

7. Polymorphism

- Compile Time: Function Overloading, Operator Overloading

- Run Time: Virtual Functions (base class pointer to derived object)

8. File Handling

#include<fstream>

ofstream fout("file.txt");

fout << "Hello!";

fout.close();

- Classes: ifstream, ofstream, fstream


- Modes: ios::in, ios::out, ios::app

9. Templates & Exception Handling

template <class T>

T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; }

try {

// risky code

} catch(...) {

// error handle

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