Unit 4:

Linear Equations

Name: _______________________________

Section 1→ Coordinate Plane and Points

Section 2→ Functions, Domain and Range

Section 3→ Function Notation

Section 4→ Slope

Section 5→ Writing Linear Functions as an (from a graph)

Section 6→ Graphing Linear Functions

Section 7→ Writing Linear Functions (from points)

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 Section 1:
Coordinate Plane and Points

Goal 1: Plot points on a coordinate plane

Goal 2: Identify ordered pairs and quadrants.

Coordinate Plane
Composed of two axes.

The Horizontal Axis →

The Vertical Axis →

The intersection of the Axes is called the

______________________, and is given the point
(0,0).

The Axes also split the plane into _____

Quadrants, labeled counter-clockwise
with Roman Numerals. (I, II, III, IV)

Ordered Pairs are a way to distinguish the

location on the plane. They are given as
(x,y).

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Example 1) Plot the following ordered
pairs and state the quadrant.

A (4, 6) Q _____ B (-2, 5) Q_______

C ( 7, – 3) Q _____ D (– 10,0) Q ______

E (-8, -1) Q ______ F (0,2) Q ______

G (3, -8) Q ______

Example 2) Without graphing determine

which quadrant the following points exist.
W (-4, 5) Q ______ X (10, 11) Q ______

Y (-9, -12) Q ______ Z( 6, -6) Q ______

Example 3) What ordered pair and

quadrant corresponds to the following
objects?
Heart (_____, ______)

Square (_____, ______)

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 Section 2:
Functions, Domain and Range

Goal 1: Identify the domain and range of a relation

Goal 2: Identify functions

Domain: X-Values Range: Y-Values A relation is a way to

describe a set of points.

A Function is a relation in
which each x-value maps to
EXACTLY one y-value.

If you plug in a value, you

need to get the same thing
out each time.

“You only get one birthday”

Vertical Line Test:

(Independent vs Dependent)

Determining Domain/Range/Function from ORDERED PAIRS.

1.) 2.) 3.)

{(3,2),(5,2), (-9, 10), (1,1)} {(-4,2),(1,2), (-4, 10), (1,11)} {(0,2),(5,0), (-9, 1), (1,2)}

Domain:________________ Domain:________________ Domain:________________

Range:_________________ Range:_________________ Range:_________________
Is the relation a function? Is the relation a function? Is the relation a
________________ ________________ function?________________

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4.) From the following ordered pairs create a table, mapping diagram, and graph the
points. State the domain and range and if it’s a function.

{(3,4), (5,4), (– 3, – 2), (1,1)}

Domain: ________________
Range: ________________

Function? ________________

Determining Domain/Range/Function from GRAPHS.

5.) 6.) 7.)

Domain: Domain: Domain:

Range: Range: Range:

Function: Function: Function:

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8.) 9.) 10.)

Domain: Domain:
Domain:

Range: Range:
Range:

Function: Function:
Function:

11.)

Domain:

Range:

Function:

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 Section 3:
Function Notation

Goal 1: Use function notation

Goal 2: Solve for different inputs or outputs.

Functions are known properties which can be notated in different ways.

Is 𝒚 = 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟒 a function?

______ is the input variable while _____ is the output variable

Since it is we can rewrite it as 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟒 where ________ is the input variable while
_________ is the output variable.

Function Notation:

Practice: Rewrite the following equations in function notation.

1.) 𝒚 = −𝟖𝒙 − 𝟑 2.) 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒉 − 𝟐 𝟐
3.) 𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏

Evaluating Functions:
4.) Given that 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐, then 𝒇(−𝟐) = 𝟗( ) + 𝟏𝟐

f (– 2) =

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Solve the following problems given that:
𝟐
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟗𝒙, 𝒈(𝒙) = − 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟔, 𝒉(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎 and 𝒋(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖

5.) 𝒇(𝟕) 6.) 𝒈(𝟏𝟖) 7.) 𝒉(𝟐𝟐)

8.) 𝒋(−𝟒) 9.) 𝒉(𝟏𝟑) 10.) 𝒈(−𝟗)

11.) Find x if 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟗 12.) Find x if 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝟎 13.) Find x if 𝒋(𝒙) = −𝟏𝟒

14.) Given the graph of f(x), find each of 15.) Given the graph of f(x), find each of
the following: the following:

a.) f(0) = a.) f(-2) =

b.) f(2) = b.) f(0) =

c.) if f(x) = 1 then x= c.) if f(x) = 2 then x=

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16.) Given the table of f(x), find each of 17.) Given the graph of f(x), find each of
the following: the following.

x f(x)

1 –8

2 –4

3 0

4 4
a.) f(2) =
a.) f(0) =

b.) f(3.5) =
b.) f(3) =

c.)if f(x)=-8 then x= c.)if f(x) = 3 then x=

d.) if f(x)=4 then x= d.)if f(x) = 1 then x=

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 Section 4:
Slope

Goal: Identify slope from a graph or two points.

Linear Relationships
Linear Function:

Linear Equations/Functions/Graphs differ by their slopes and Y-intercepts.

Slope describes the steepness of a line. It is the ratio of the difference of the
______ - coordinates over the difference of the ______ - coordinates. It is thought of as
______________ over _____________. We denote slope using the letter _____.

The “m” refers to either mons, Latin for mountain, or montagne, French for mountain.

Slope: Four Types of Slope:

Positive Negative
To Calculate Slope you need two points

On a Graph: count the difference between

the _________________ and count the
difference between the ____________________.
Then place in a ratio, 𝒎 =
𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆
. Zero Undefined
𝒓𝒖𝒏

With Points: Find the difference between

the _________________ and the difference
between the ____________________.
𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆
Then place in a ratio, 𝒎= .
𝒓𝒖𝒏

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From the given graphs calculate the slope. Write all slopes as reduced fractions

1.) 2.)

3.) 4.)

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From the given ordered pairs calculate the slope.
Write all slopes as reduced fractions.
Sketch what the slope would look like / , \ , --- , or |.

5.) (– 6, 13) and (– 2, 1) 6.) (– 5, 16) and (– 8, 11) 7.) (1, 9) and (-5, 9)

8.) (–13, – 4) and (– 14, 3) 9.) (2, 12) and (18, – 8) 10.) (– 2, 5) and (– 2, 1)

𝟑
11.) The pitch (slope) of a barn roof should be 𝟓. When the contractor uploads the design
into a CAD program one a point on the roof hits at (– 2, – 1) and also passes through (x,
2). What is the x-value?

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 Section 5:
Writing Linear Equations

Goal: Write linear equations in slope intercept form.

Linear Equations: functions that form a line, can be written in multiple forms.

Line – defined by two points, extends in opposite directions forever, one dimensional
(length.) “All lines are straight.” (Curves are not straight.)

The y-intercept tells you where the line crosses the y-axis.

We use the variable ________ to denote the y-intercept.

Example 1: Write the equation of the following graph in slope-intercept form. Identify
the slope and the y-intercept. m = ____, b = _____.

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Write the equations of the following linear functions in slope-intercept form.

2.) 3.) 4.)

m= m= m=
b= b= b=

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 Section 6:
Graphing Linear Equations

Goal: Write linear equations in slope intercept form.

Converting any equation to Write the following functions in slope-intercept form

Slope-Intercept Form 1.) 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟏𝟖𝒚 = 𝟏𝟖 2.) 𝒚 + 𝟕 = −𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟒)

Solve the equation for y.

Graphing Slope-Intercept Form Graph the following linear function.

𝟐
3.) 𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟓
Step 1: Solve For y

Step 2: Plot Y-Intercept

(on the ______________ axis)

Step 3: Count out your slope

(𝒎 = )

Step 4: Connect the points with

a STRAIGHT EDGE and extend
the line in both directions to
the EDGES OF THE
COORDINATE PLANE. Place
arrows on both ends.

Label the line with the

equation.

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Graphing Slope-Intercept Form 4.) 𝒚 + 𝟑 = −𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟏)

Step 1: Solve For y

Step 2: Plot Y-Intercept

(on the ______________ axis)

Step 3: Count out your slope

(𝒎 = )

Step 4: Connect the points with

a STRAIGHT EDGE and extend
the line in both directions to the 5.) 𝟏𝟒𝒙 − 𝟕𝒚 = −𝟐𝟏
EDGES OF THE COORDINATE
PLANE. Place arrows on both
ends.

Label the line with the equation.

6.) −𝟗𝒙 + 𝟔𝒚 = −𝟑

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5.) Graph 𝒚 = −𝟑𝒙 + 𝟓 6) −𝟒𝒙 + 𝒚 = −𝟐

𝟑
8.) 𝒚 + 𝟕 = 𝟒 (𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐) 9.) 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖𝒚 = −𝟏𝟔

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 Section 7:
Writing Linear Equations from points

Goal: Write linear equations in slope intercept form.

We often need to write our Point-Slope Form Reminders

own equation. The 𝒎=
𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏
=
simplest way to do so is to 𝒓𝒖𝒏 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
use the SLOPE of the line
and a POINT the equation
passes through.

How to write an equation in slope-intercept form:

1.) Identify the slope of the function (m)
2.) Identify a point the function passes through (x1, y1)
3.) Place both into point-slope form
4.) Write the equation in slope-intercept form (solve for y)

Write the equations in SLOPE-INTERCEPT form of the linear functions with the following
characteristics.

1.) Write the equation of the function 𝟒

2.) Slope of 𝟓 and passes through (15, – 11)
that has a slope of – 9 and passes
through (-4, 5) in slope-intercept form

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3.) Passes through the points 4.) Passes through the points
(4, 7) (6, 17) (9, – 2) and (– 3, 2)

5.)Slope of 3, passes through (3, – 10) 6.) Passes through (4,3) and (– 8,0)

7.) Passes through (1,2) and (7,2)

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8.) Write the equation and graph the linear function that passes through (𝟓, 𝟏) and (𝟏𝟓, −𝟓)

Slope:

Equation:

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