DEODORANT

A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to

prevent or mask body odor caused by bacterial
breakdown of perspiration, for example in the
armpits, groin, or feet. A subclass of deodorants,
called antiperspirants, prevents sweating itself,
typically by blocking sweat glands. They come in
various forms, such as sprays, sticks, roll-ons, and
creams.
 USES OF DEODORANT
1. Odor Control: The primary purpose of deodorants is to
control and mask body odor. They contain antimicrobial
agents that help inhibit the growth of bacteria on the skin,
reducing the unpleasant smell associated with sweat.

2. Sweat Absorption: Some deodorants also contain

ingredients like talc or cornstarch that help absorb excess
sweat, keeping the underarm area dry and preventing
discomfort.
3. Antiperspirant Properties: Many deodorants also function
as antiperspirants. They contain aluminum-based compounds
that temporarily block sweat glands, reducing the amount of
sweat produced.

4. Hygiene: Regular use of deodorants contributes to personal

hygiene by preventing the growth of odor-causing bacteria,
especially in areas prone to sweating.

5. Prevention of Stains: Some deodorants also contain

ingredients to prevent yellow stains on clothing caused by the
interaction between sweat and certain fabrics.
6. Prevention of Stains: Some deodorants also contain
ingredients to prevent yellow stains on clothing caused by the
interaction between sweat and certain fabrics.

7. Skin Soothing: Deodorants may include ingredients like

aloe vera or chamomile to soothe and moisturize the skin,
reducing irritation caused by shaving or other factors.
 TAWAS (ALUM OR POTASSIUM ALUM)

is a naturally occurring mineral that has been used for various

purposes, including as a deodorant.

1. Antimicrobial Properties: Tawas has natural antimicrobial

properties, meaning it can help inhibit the growth of odor-causing
bacteria on the skin.
2. Astringent Properties: Tawas has astringent properties, which
means it can help constrict or tighten skin pores.
3. Gentle on the Skin: Tawas is generally considered to be gentle on
the skin, making it suitable for individuals with sensitive skin.
4. Sting-Free: Unlike some deodorants with alcohol or other harsh
chemicals, tawas is typically sting-free when applied to the skin,
making it a comfortable option for many users.

5. Aluminum-Free: Tawas does not contain the same type of aluminum

compounds found in many antiperspirants. Some individuals choose
alum-based deodorants as an aluminum-free option.
 TYPES OF DEODORANTS

1. SPRAY 2. ROLL ON 3. STICKS 4. CREAM

 CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF DEODORANTS

1. Antimicrobial Agents: These are substances that help to

kill or inhibit the growth of odor-causing bacteria on the
skin. Common antimicrobial agents include triclosan,
triclocarban, and various antimicrobial essential oils.

2. Fragrance: Deodorants often contain fragrances to mask

body odor and provide a pleasant scent. Fragrances can
be synthetic or derived from natural sources.
3. Alcohol: Many deodorants contain alcohol, such as ethanol
or isopropyl alcohol, which helps to create a quick-drying
formula. Alcohol also has antimicrobial properties.

4. Aluminum Compounds: In antiperspirant deodorants,

aluminum compounds like aluminum chloride, aluminum
chlorohydrate, or aluminum zirconium are commonly used.
These ingredients help reduce sweat by forming temporary
plugs in sweat ducts.
5. Humectants: These are substances that help to retain
moisture and keep the skin hydrated. Common humectants
include glycerin and propylene glycol.

6. Emollients: Deodorants may contain emollients, such as

oils or fatty acids, to provide a smooth and moisturizing feel
to the skin.

7. Thickeners: Substances like waxes or polymers may be

included to give the deodorant its desired texture and
consistency.
8. Preservatives: To prevent the growth of harmful bacteria
or fungi in the product, deodorants often contain
preservatives like parabens or phenoxyethanol.

9. Astringents: Some deodorants may include astringents like

witch hazel to help constrict pores and reduce sweat
production.

10. Anti-inflammatory Agents: Ingredients with anti-

inflammatory properties, such as chamomile or aloe vera,
may be added to soothe the skin and reduce irritation.
 OTHER CHEMICALS IN DEODORANTS

1. Baking Soda (Sodium Bicarbonate)- neutralizes pH

2. Zinc Ricinoleate- helps absorb and neutralize odor
molecules
3. Silica or Talc- used as absorbent
4. Sorbitol or Xylitol- sugar alcohols that can have
antimicrobial properties and also act as humectants
 POTENTIALLY HARMFUL COMPONENTS OF DEODORANTS

Aluminum-based compounds are used as the active

ingredient in antiperspirants. These compounds form a
temporary “plug” within the sweat duct that stops the flow
of sweat to the skin's surface. Some research suggests that
aluminum-containing underarm antiperspirants, which are
applied frequently and left on the skin near the breast, may
be absorbed by the skin and have estrogen-like (hormonal)
effects.
However, no studies to date have confirmed any substantial
adverse effects of aluminum that could contribute to
increased breast cancer risks. A 2014 review concluded there
was no clear evidence showing that the use of aluminum-
containing underarm antiperspirants or cosmetics increases
the risk of breast cancer
PARABENS, which are preservatives used in some deodorants
and antiperspirants that have been shown to mimic the
activity of estrogen in the body’s cells. It has been reported
that parabens are found in breast tumors, but there is no
evidence that they cause breast cancer. Although parabens
are used in many cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical
products, most deodorants and antiperspirants in the United
States do not currently contain parabens.
Triclosan is an antibacterial agent used in some deodorants.
It has been associated with concerns about antibiotic
resistance, and there are ongoing investigations into its
potential impact on hormone regulation and environmental
persistence.

Fragrance- Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to

certain fragrance components.
 COMMON CONCERNS

The yellow stains on clothes caused by deodorants are often

the result of a reaction between the aluminum compounds in
antiperspirants and sweat. Aluminum compounds are
commonly used in antiperspirants to block sweat glands and
reduce perspiration. When these compounds come into
contact with sweat, they can form yellowish compounds that
may stain clothing.
 COMMON CONCERNS

Black or darkened underarms are not typically caused

directly by the components of deodorants. Darkening of the
underarm skin can be attributed to various factors, and it's
essential to consider lifestyle, hygiene practices, and
individual skin characteristics.

Example: Friction, Hyperpigmentation, Irritation, Shaving,

Dead skin cells, Excessive Sweating.