LTC1535

Isolated RS485 Transceiver

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FEATURES DESCRIPTIO
■ UL Rated Isolated RS485: 2500VRMS The LTC®1535 is an isolated RS485 full-duplex differential
UL Recognized File #E151738
®
line transceiver. Isolated RS485 is ideal for systems where
■ Eliminates Ground Loops the ground loop is broken to allow for much larger com-
■ 250kBd Maximum Data Rate mon mode voltage ranges. An internal capacitive isolation
■ Self-Powered with 420kHz Converter barrier provides 2500VRMS of isolation between the line
■ Half- or Full-Duplex transceiver and the logic level interface. The powered side
■ Fail-Safe Output High for Open or contains a 420kHz push-pull converter to power the iso-
Shorted Receiver Inputs lated RS485 transceiver. Internal full-duplex communica-
■ Short-Circuit Current Limit tion occurs through the capacitive isolation barrier. The
■ Slow Slew Rate Control transceiver meets RS485 and RS422 requirements.
■ 68kΩ Input Impedance Allows Up to 128 Nodes The driver and receiver feature three-state outputs, with
■ Thermal Shutdown the driver maintaining high impedance over the entire
■ 8kV ESD Protection On Driver Outputs and common mode range. The drivers have short-circuit cur-
Receiver Inputs rent limits in both directions and a slow slew rate select to
■ Available in 28-Lead SW Package minimize EMI or reflections. The 68kΩ receiver input
U allows up to 128 node connections. A fail-safe feature
APPLICATIO S defaults to a high output state when the receiver inputs are
■ Isolated RS485 Receiver/Driver open or shorted.
■ RS485 with Large Common Mode Voltage , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.

■ Breaking RS485 Ground Loops

■ Multiple Unterminated Line Taps

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TYPICAL APPLICATIO **
CTX02-14659
1/2 BAT54C
+
10µF
2

1/2 BAT54C 2
2 3 11 14

VCC 1 VCC ST1 ST2 GND2 VCC2

+ 420kHz
10µF

1 A
16
RO TWISTED-PAIR
LOGIC COMMON RO 28 R
B CABLE
15
1
FLOATING RS485 COMMON RO2
RE 17
2 RE 27
** TRANSFORMER Y
COOPER (561) 241-7876 DE 13
DE 26
D
DI Z
DI 25 12

4 GND SLO
18
1
1535 TA01

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LTC1535
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ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
(Note 1)
TOP VIEW
ORDER PART
VCC to GND ................................................................ 6V VCC 1 28 RO NUMBER
VCC2 to GND2 ............................................................ 8V ST1 2 27 RE
Control Input Voltage to GND ...... – 0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) ST2 3 26 DE LTC1535CSW
Driver Input Voltage to GND ........ – 0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) GND 4 25 DI LTC1535ISW
Driver Output Voltage
(Driver Disabled) to GND2 .............. (VCC2 – 13V) to 13V
Driver Output Voltage
(Driver Enabled) to GND2 ............... (VCC2 – 13V) to 10V
Receiver Input Voltage to GND2 ............................ ±14V
Receiver Output Voltage .............. – 0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
GND2 11 18 SLO
Operating Temperature Range
LTC1535C ........................................ 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C
Z 12 17 RO2
Y 13 16 A
LTC1535I ..................................... – 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C VCC2 14 15 B
Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C
SW PACKAGE
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C 28-LEAD PLASTIC SO
TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 125°C/W

Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VCC = 5V, VCC2 = 5V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VCC VCC Supply Range ● 4.5 5.5 V
VCC2 VCC2 Supply Range ● 4.5 7.5 V
ICC VCC Supply Current Transformer Not Driven (Note 10) ● 13 28 mA
ICC2 VCC2 Supply Current R = 27Ω, Figure 2 ● 63 73 mA
No Load ● 7 12 mA
VOD1 Differential Driver Output No Load ● 5 V
VOD2 Differential Driver Output R = 50Ω (RS422) (Note 2), VCC2 = 4.5V ● 2 V
R = 27Ω(RS485), Figure 2, VCC2 = 4.5V ● 1.5 2 V
VOC Driver Output Common Mode Voltage DC Level, R = 50Ω, Figure 2 ● 2.0 2.5 3.0 V
IOSD1 Driver Short-Circuit Current Driver Enabled (DE = 1)
VOUT = HIGH –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 10V ● 60 100 150 mA
VOUT = LOW –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 10V ● 60 100 150 mA
VIH Logic Input High Voltage DE, DI, RE ● 2 1.7 V
SLO ● 4 2.2 V
VIL Logic Input Low Voltage DE, DI, RE ● 1.7 0.8 V
SLO ● 1.8 1 V
IIN Input Current (A, B) (Note 3) VIN = 12V ● 0.25 mA
VIN = – 7V ● –0.20 mA
VTH Receiver Input Threshold –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, (Note 4) ● –200 –90 –10 mV
∆VTH Receiver Input Hysteresis –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 0°C ● 10 30 70 mV
– 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C ● 5 30 70 mV
RIN Receiver Input Impedance ● 50 68 100 kΩ
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 LTC1535
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VCC = 5V, VCC2 = 5V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VIOC Receiver Input Open Circuit Voltage 3.4 V
VOH RO Output High Voltage IRO = – 4mA, VCC = 4.5V ● 3.7 4.0 V
VOL RO Output Low Voltage IRO = 4mA, VCC = 4.5V ● 0.4 0.8 V
IOZ Driver Output Leakage Driver Disabled (DE = 0) 1 µA
VOH2 RO2 Output High Voltage IRO2 = – 4mA, VCC = 4.5V ● 3.7 3.9 V
VOL2 RO2 Output Low Voltage IRO2 = 4mA, VCC = 4.5V ● 0.4 0.8 V
fSW DC Converter Frequency ● 290 420 590 kHz
RSWH DC Converter Impedance High ● 4 6 Ω
RSWL DC Converter Impedance Low ● 2.5 5 Ω
IREL RE Output Low Current RE Sink Current, Fault = 0 ● – 40 – 50 – 80 µA
IREH RE Output High Current RE Source Current, Fault = 1 ● 80 100 130 µA
VUVL Undervoltage Low Threshold RE Fault = 1, (Note 5) ● 3.70 4.00 4.25 V
VUVH Undervoltage High Threshold RE Fault = 0, (Note 5) ● 4.05 4.20 4.40 V
VISO Isolation Voltage 1 Minute, (Note 6) 2500 VRMS
1 Second 3000 VRMS
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SWITCHI G CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VCC = 5V, VCC2 = 5V, R = 27Ω (RS485) unless otherwise noted.

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

tSJ Data Sample Jitter Figure 8, (Note 7) ● 250 285 ns
fMAX Max Baud Rate Jitter = 10% Max, SLO = 1, (Note 8) ● 250 410 kBd
tPLH Driver Input to Output DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 ● 600 855 ns
DE = 1, SLO = 0, Figure 4, Figure 6 ● 1300 1560 ns
tPHL Driver Input to Output DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 ● 600 855 ns
DE = 1, SLO = 0, Figure 4, Figure 6 ● 1300 1560 ns
tr, tf Driver Rise or Fall Time DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 ● 20 100 ns
DE = 1, SLO = 0, VCC = VCC2 = 4.5V ● 150 500 1000 ns
tZH Driver Enable to Output DI = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 ● 1000 1400 ns
tZL Driver Enable to Output DI = 0, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 ● 1000 1400 ns
tLZ Driver Disable to Output DI = 0, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 ● 700 1300 ns
tHZ Driver Disable to Output DI = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 ● 700 1300 ns
tPLH Receiver Input to RO RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 ● 600 855 ns
tPHL Receiver Input to RO RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 ● 600 855 ns
tPLH Receiver Input to RO2 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 30 ns
tPHL Receiver Input to RO2 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 30 ns
tr, tf Receiver Rise or Fall Time RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 20 ns
tLZ Receiver Disable to Output Figure 3, Figure 9 30 ns
tHZ Receiver Disable to Output Figure 3, Figure 9 30 ns
tSTART Initial Start-Up Time (Note 9) 1200 ns
tTOF Data Time-Out Fault (Note 9) 1200 ns
ST1, ST2 Duty Cycle 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C ● 56 %
– 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C ● 57 %
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LTC1535
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the Note 7: The input signals are internally sampled and encoded. The internal
life of a device may be impaired. sample rate determines the data output jitter since the internal sampling is
Note 2: RS422 50Ω specification based on RS485 27Ω test. asynchronous with respect to the external data. Nominally, a 4MHz
Note 3: IIN is tested at VCC2 = 5V, guaranteed by design from internal sample rate gives 250ns of sampling uncertainty in the input
GND2 ≤ VCC2 ≤ 5.25V. signals.
Note 4: Input fault conditions on the RS485 receiver are detected with a Note 8: The maximum baud rate is 250kBd with 10% sampling jitter.
fixed receiver offset. The offset is such that an input short or open will Lower baud rates have lower jitter.
result in a high data output. Note 9: Start-up time is the time for communication to recover after a fault
Note 5: The low voltage detect faults when VCC2 or VCC drops below VUVL condition. Data time-out is the time a fault is indicated on RE after data
and reenables when greater than VUVH. The fault can be monitored communication has stopped.
through the weak driver output on RE. Note 10. ICC measured with no load, ST1 and ST2 floating.
Note 6: Value derived from 1 second test.

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TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
VCC Supply Current vs VCC2 Supply Current vs VCC2 Supply Voltage vs
Temperature Temperature Temperature
130 90 6.5
VCC = 5V COOPER VCC2 = 6V fDI = 250kHz
120 CTX02-14659 80 SLO = 0V
TRANSFORMER RL = OPEN, VCC = 5V
110 70 6.0
VCC2 CURRENT (mA)
VCC CURRENT (mA)

RL = 54Ω
VCC2 VOLTAGE (V)
VCC2 = 5V
100 60 RL = 54Ω, VCC = 5V
90 50 5.5
RL = 120Ω VCC2 = 4.5V
80 40
RL = 54Ω, VCC = 4.5V
70 30 fDI = fMAX 5.0
SLO = 0V COOPER
60 RL = OPEN 20 CTX02-14659
RL = 54Ω
TRANSFORMER
50 10 4.5
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
1535 G01 1535 G02 1535 G03

Maximum Baud Rate vs Driver Differential Output Rise/ Driver Differential Output Rise/
Temperature Fall Time vs Temperature Fall Time vs Temperature
500 65 800
VCC2 = 5V, 4.5V SLO = 0V
60 SLO = VCC2 RL = 54Ω
700
RL = 54Ω
400 55 VCC2 = 5V
600
50
fMAX (kHz)

TIME (ns)

TIME (ns)

300 45 500
VCC2 = 4.5V
40
400
200 VCC = VCC2 = 4.5V 35
SLO = VCC2 300
RL = 54Ω 30

100 25 200
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
1535 G04 1535 G05 1535 G06

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 LTC1535
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TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Switcher Frequency vs Driver Differential Output Voltage Receiver Output Low Voltage vs
Temperature vs Temperature Temperature
600 4 1.0
VCC = 5V 0.9 I = 8mA
VCC2 = 6V VCC = 4.5V
0.8
500 3

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

0.7
FREQUENCY (kHz)

VCC2 = 5V VCC = 5V
0.6
400 2 0.5
VCC2 = 4.5V
0.4
0.3
300 1
0.2
SLO = VCC2
RL = 54Ω 0.1
200 0 0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
1535 G07 1535 G08 1535 G09

Receiver Output High Voltage vs Driver Differential Output Voltage Driver Output High Voltage vs
Temperature vs Output Current Output Current
4.5 5 5
I = 8mA TA = 25°C TA = 25°C
VCC = 5V VCC = 5.5V
4 4
VCC = 5V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

4.0
3 3
VCC = 4.5V VCC = 4.5V

2 2 VCC = 5V
3.5
VCC = 4.5V VCC = 5.5V
1 1

3.0 0 0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
TEMPERATURE (°C) OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
1535 G10 1535 G11 1535 G12

Driver Output Low Voltage vs Driver Differential Output Voltage Receiver Output Voltage vs Load
Output Current vs VCC2 Supply Voltage Current
5 5 5.0
TA = 25°C TA = 25°C TA = 25°C
RL = 60Ω VCC = 5V
4 4.5
4
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

VCC = 6V OUTPUT HIGH, SOURCING

3 4.0
VCC = 5V
3
VCC = 4.5V
2 1.0

2 OUTPUT LOW, SINKING

1 0.5

0 1 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) VCC2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) LOAD CURRENT (mA)
1535 G13 1535 G14 1535 G15

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LTC1535
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PI FU CTIO S
POWER SIDE ISOLATED SIDE
VCC (Pin 1): 5V Supply. Bypass to GND with 10µF capaci- GND2 (Pin 11): Isolated Side Power Ground.
tor. Z (Pin 12): Differential Driver Inverting Output.
ST1 (Pin 2): DC Converter Output 1 to DC Transformer. Y (Pin 13): Differential Driver Noninverting Output.
ST2 (Pin 3): DC Converter Output 2 to DC Transformer. VCC2 (Pin 14): 5V to 7.5V Supply from DC Transformer.
GND (Pin 4): Ground. Bypass to GND2 with 10µF capacitor.
DI (Pin 25): Transmit Data TTL Input to the Isolated Side B (Pin 15): Differential Receiver Inverting Input.
RS485 Driver. Do not float. A (Pin 16): Differential Receiver Noninverting Input.
DE (Pin 26): Transmit Enable TTL Input to the Isolated RO2 (Pin 17): Isolated Side Receiver TTL Output. This
Side RS485 Driver. A high level enables the driver. Do not output is always enabled and is unaffected by RE.
float.
SLO (Pin 18): Slow Slew Rate Control of RS485 Driver. A
RE (Pin 27): Receive Data Output Enable TTL Input. A low low level forces the driver outputs into slow slew rate
level enables the receiver. This pin also provides a fault mode.
output signal. (See Figure 11.)
RO (Pin 28): Receive Data TTL Output.

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BLOCK DIAGRA
POWER SIDE ISOLATED SIDE
1 1.3

2 3 11 14
ST1 ST2 GND2 VCC2
12.75k
63.5k A
420kHz 16
27.25k
1 VCC DECODE ENCODE
R
RO
28 12.75k
B
15
63.5k
27.25k
RE
27 FAULT RO2
17

Y
ENCODE DECODE 13
D
DE Z
26 EN 12
DI
25 EN SLO
18
100k
4 GND FAULT
VCC2
1535 BD

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 LTC1535
TEST CIRCUITS
ILOAD IEXT
** VCC2
CTX02-14659
1/2 BAT54C
+
10µF IVCC2

1/2 BAT54C
2
2 3 11 14

VCC 1 VCC ST1 ST2 GND2 VCC2

+ 420kHz
10µF

1 A
16
RO
RO 28 R
B
fRO = MAX 15
BAUD
RATE RO2
RE 17
27
Y Y
DE 13
26
D RL
DI Z Z
25 12
C1 C2
4 GND SLO 50pF 50pF
18
2 2
1
1535 F01
SLOW SLEW
RATE JUMPER
LOGIC COMMON FLOATING RS485 COMMON ** TRANSFORMER
COOPER (561) 241-7876
1 2 2

Figure 1. Self-Oscillation at Maximum Data Rate

(Test Configuration for the First Six Typical Performance Characteristics Curves)

TEST POINT S1 1k
Y RECEIVER VCC
R OUTPUT

VOD 1k
VOC CRL S2

R
1535 F03
Z
1535 F02

Figure 2. Driver DC Test Load Figure 3. Receiver Timing Test Load

3V
DE
S1
Y R CL1
DI VCC
500Ω
OUTPUT
Z R UNDER TEST
CL2 S2
CL
1535 F04
1535 F05

Figure 4. Driver Timing Test Circuit Figure 5. Driver Timing Test Load
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LTC1535
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SWITCHI G TI E WAVEFOR S
3V
DI 1.5V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns 1.5V
0V
t PLH t PHL
Z
VO
Y

VO
80% 80%
0V VDIFF = V(Y) – V(Z)
20% 20%
–VO
1535 F06
tr tf
t SJ t SJ

Figure 6. Driver Propagation Delays

3V
DE 1.5V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns 1.5V
0V
t ZL t LZ
5V
Y, Z 2.3V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW 0.5V
VOL

VOH
OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH 0.5V
Y, Z 2.3V
0V
t ZH t HZ 1535 F07

t SJ t SJ

Figure 7. Driver Enable and Disable Times

t SJ t SJ
VOH
RO 1.5V OUTPUT 1.5V
VOL
t PHL tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns t PLH
VOD2
A–B 0V 0V
INPUT
–VOD2 1535 F08

Figure 8. Receiver Propagation Delays

3V
RE 1.5V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns 1.5V
0V
tZL t LZ
5V
RO 1.5V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW 0.5V
t SJ t SJ

OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH 0.5V

RO 1.5V
0V
tZH t HZ 1535 F09

t SJ t SJ

Figure 9. Receiver Enable and Disable Times

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 LTC1535
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Isolation Barrier and Sampled Communication Push-Pull DC/DC Converter
The LTC1535 uses the SW-28 isolated lead frame package The powered side contains a full-bridge open-loop driver,
to provide capacitive isolation barrier between the logic optimized for use with a single primary and center-tapped
interface and the RS485 driver/receiver pair. The barrier secondary transformer. Figure 10 shows the DC/DC con-
provides 2500VRMS of isolation. Communication between verter in a configuration that can deliver up to 100mA of
the two sides uses the isolation capacitors in a multiplexed current to the isolated side using a Cooper CTX02-14659
way to communicate full-duplex data across this barrier transformer.
(see Figure 20 and Block Diagram). The data is sampled
Because the DC/DC converter is open-loop, care in choos-
and encoded before transmitting across the isolation
ing low impedance parts is important for good regulation.
barrier, which will add sampling jitter and delay to the
Care must also be taken to not exceed the VCC2 recom-
signals (see Figures 13 and 14). The sampling jitter is mended maximum voltage of 7.5V when there is very light
approximately 250ns with a nominal delay of 600ns. At
loading. The isolated side contains a low voltage detect
250kBd rate, this represents 6.2% total jitter. The nominal circuit to ensure that communication across the barrier
DE signal to the driver output delay is 875ns ±125ns,
will only occur when there is sufficient isolated supply
which is longer due to the encoding. Communication
voltage. If the output of the DC/DC converter is over-
start-up time is approximately 1µs to 2µs. A time-out fault loaded, the supply voltage will trip the low voltage detec-
will occur if communication from the isolated side fails. tion at 4.2V. For higher voltage stand-off, the Cooper
Faults can be monitored on the RE pin.
CTX02-14608 transformer may be used.
The maximum baud rate can be determined by connecting
in self-oscillation mode as shown in Figure 1. In this
configuration, with SLO = VCC2, the oscillation frequency
is set by the internal sample rate. With SLO = 0V, the
frequency is reduced by the slower output rise and fall
times.
ILOAD IEXT
**
CTX02-14659 VCC2 vs ILOAD
1/2 BAT54C IVCC2
8
+
10µF
2
6

1/2 BAT54C VCC = 5.5V

VCC2 (V)

2 VCC = 5V
4
2 3 11 14
VCC = 4.5V
VCC 1 VCC ST1 ST2 GND2 VCC2
+ 420kHz
2
10µF

1
4 GND 0
0 50 100 150
1
1535 F10 TOTAL LOAD CURRENT, ILOAD (mA)
1535 F10a
LOGIC COMMON FLOATING RS485 COMMON ** TRANSFORMER
COOPER (561) 241-7876
1 2

Figure 10

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LTC1535
U U W U
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Driver Output and Slow Slew Rate Control Monitoring Faults on RE
The LTC1535 uses a proprietary driver output stage that The RE pin can be used to monitor the following fault
allows a common mode voltage range that extends be- conditions: low supply voltages, thermal shutdown or a
yond the power supplies. Thus, the high impedance state time-out fault when there is no data communication across
is maintained over the full RS485 common mode range. the barrier. During a fault, the receiver output, RO, defaults
The output stage provides 100mA of short-circuit current to a high state (see Table 2). Open circuit or short-circuit
limiting in both the positive and negative directions. Thus, conditions on the twisted pair do not cause a fault indica-
even under short-circuit conditions, the supply voltage tion. However, the RS485 receiver defaults to a high
from the open-loop DC converter will remain high enough output state when the receiver input is open or short-
for proper communication across the isolation barrier. circuited.
The driver output will be disabled in the event of a thermal
The RE pin has a weak current drive output mode for
shutdown and a fault condition will be indicated through
indicating fault conditions. This fault state can be polled
the RE weak output.
using a bidirectional microcontroller I/O line or by using
The CMOS level SLO pin selects slow or fast slew rates on the circuit in Figure 11, where the control to RE is three-
the RS485 driver output (see Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 for stated and the fault condition read back from the RE pin.
typical waveforms). The SLO input has an internal 100k The weak drive has 100µA pull-up current to indicate a
pull-up resistor. When SLO is low, the driver outputs are fault and 50µA pull-down current for no fault. This allows
slew rate limited to reduce high frequency edges. Left the RE pin to be polled without disabling RE on nonfault
open or tied high, SLO defaults to fast edges. The part conditions.
draws more current during slow slew rate edges. Both sides contain a low voltage detect circuit. A voltage
less than 4.2V on the isolated side disables
communication.

VCC

VCC
RO

RE RE
LTC1535
DI
FAULT
POLL
DE
GND

FAULT BUFFER

POLL

FAULT
FAULT INDICATED WHEN RE IS THREE-STATED 1535 F11

Figure 11. Detecting Fault Conditions

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 LTC1535
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Table 1. List of Transformers Designed for LTC1535
DC
ISOLATION
PART VOLTAGE PHONE
MANUFACTURER NUMBER (1 Second) NUMBER
Cooper CTX02-14659 500V (561) 241-7876
Cooper CTX02-14608 3.75kVAC (561) 241-7876
Epcos AG (Germany) B78304-A1477-A3 500V (0 89) 636-2 80 00
(USA) (800) 888-7724
Midcom 31160R 1.25kV (605) 886-4385
Pulse FEE (France) P1597 500V (33) 3 84 35 04 04
Sumida (Japan) S-167-5779 100V 03-3667-3320
Transpower TTI7780-SM 500V (775) 852-0140

Table 2. Fault Mode Behavior

VCC > VUVH VCC < VUVL VCC > VUVH VCC < VUVL THERMAL
FUNCTION (PINS) VCC2 > VUVH VCC2 > VUVH VCC2 < VUVL VCC2 > VUVL SHUTDOWN
DC/DC Converter (2, 3) On On On On Off
RO (28) RE = 0V Active Forced High Forced High Forced High Forced High
RE = VCC Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z
RE = Floating Active Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z
RO2 (17) Active Active Active Active Active
Driver Outputs Active Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z
Y and Z (13,12)
Communication Across Active Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled
Isolation Barrier
Fault Indicator on RE (27) Low High High High High

Table 3. Driver Function Table Table 4. Receiver Function Table

INPUTS OUTPUTS INPUTS OUTPUTS
RE DE DI A B RE DE A–B RO RO2
X 1 1 1 0 0 X ≥ VTH(MAX) 1 1
X 1 0 0 1 0 X ≤ VTH(MIN) 0 0
X 0 X Z Z 0 X Inputs Open 1 1
Note: Z = high impedance, X = don’t care 0 X Inputs Shorted 1 1
1 X ≥ VTH(MAX) Z 1
1 X ≤ VTH(MIN) Z 0
1 X Inputs Open Z 1
1 X Inputs Shorted Z 1
Note: Z = high impedance, X = don’t care

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LTC1535
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
High Voltage Considerations provide a path to shunt static charge safely to ground.
The LTC1535 eliminates ground loops on data communi- Again, two resisitors are necessary to withstand high
voltage faults. Electrostatic spikes, electromagnetically
cation lines. However, such isolation can bring potentially
induced transients and radio frequency pickup are shunted
dangerous voltages onto the circuit board. An example
would be accidental faulting to 117V AC at some point on by addition capacitor C1.
the cable which is then conducted to the PC board. Receiver Inputs Fail-Safe
Figure␣ 12 shows how to detect and warn the user or
installer that a voltage fault condition exists on the twisted The LTC1535 features an input common mode range
pair or its shield. A small (3.2mm) glow lamp is connected covering the entire RS485 specified range of –7V to 12V.
between GND2 (the isolated ground) and the equipment’s Differential signals of greater than ±200mV within the
safety “earth” ground. If a potential of more than 75V AC specified input common mode range will be converted to
is present on the twisted pair or shield, B1 will light, TTL compatible signals at the receiver outputs, RO and
indicating a wiring fault. Resistors R3 and R4 are used to RO2. A small amount of input hyteresis is included to
ballast the current in B1. Two resistors are necessary minimize the effects of noise on the line signals. If the
because they can only stand off 200V each, as well as for receiver inputs are floating or shorted, a designed-in
power dissipation. As shown, the circuit can withstand a receiver offset guarantees a fail-safe logic high at the
direct fault to a 440V 3∅ system. receiver outputs. If a fail-safe logic low is desired, connect
as shown in Figure 19.
Other problems introduced by floating the twisted pair
include the collection of static charge on the twisted pair,
its shield and the attached circuitry. Resistors R1 and R2

Y
TWISTED-PAIR
LTC1535 NETWORK
B

Z
GND2
2
2

R1* R3**
2 470k 100k
C1***
10nF
R2* R4**
470k 100k
B1
CN2R (JKL)

EQUIPMENT SAFETY GROUND * IRC WCR1206

EARTH GROUND ** IRC WCR1210
*** PANASONIC ECQ-U2A103MV
FLOATING RS485 COMMON
2 1535 F12

Figure 12. Detecting Wiring Faults

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12
 LTC1535
U U W U
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO

DI DI

Y–Z Y–Z

1535 F13.tif 1535 F14.tif

Figure 13. Driver Propagation Delay Figure 14. Driver Propagation Delay
with Sample Jitter. SLO = VCC2 with Sample Jitter. SLO = 0V

Z Z

Y Y

1535 F15.tif 1535 F16.tif

Figure 15. Driver Output. Figure 16. Driver Output.

R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = VCC2 R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = 0V

Y–Z Y–Z

1535 F17.tif 1535 F18.tif

Figure 17. Driver Differential Output. Figure 18. Driver Differential Output.
R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = VCC2 R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = 0V

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13
LTC1535
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO S
3V
DE
Y R CL1
DI

Z R
CL2

1535 F04

Figure 19. Fail-Safe Logic “0”

RO A TTL INPUT RO A
RE B RE B TTL INPUT 30k
LTC1535 LTC1535
DE Y 30k DE Y
DI Z DI Z
1535 TA05

(20a) Noninverting (20b) Inverting

Figure 20. Configuring Receiver for TTL Level Input. Y and Z Outputs Are TTL Compatible with No Modification

Full-Duplex Connection
**
CTX02-14659
1/2 BAT54C
+
10µF
2

1/2 BAT54C
2
2 3 11 14

VCC 1 VCC ST1 ST2 GND2 VCC2

+ 420kHz
10µF

1 A
16
RO
RO 28 R 120Ω
B
15

RO2
RE 17
RE 27

1 Y
DE 13
VCC 26
D 120Ω
DI Z
DI 25 12

4 GND SLO
18
1
1535 TA02

LOGIC COMMON FLOATING RS485 COMMON ** TRANSFORMER

COOPER (561) 241-7876
1 2

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14
 LTC1535
U
PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO
SW Package
28-Lead Plastic Small Outline Isolation Barrier (Wide .300 Inch)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1690)

.697 – .712*
(17.70 – 18.08)
28 27 26 25 18 17 16 15

NOTE 1 .394 – .419

(10.007 – 10.643)

1 2 3 4 11 12 13 14
.291 – .299**
(7.391 – 7.595)

.093 – .104 .037 – .045

.005 .010 – .029 × 45° (0.940 – 1.143)
(0.127) (2.362 – 2.642)
(0.254 – 0.737)
RAD MIN

0° – 8° TYP

.050
.009 – .013 (1.270) .004 – 0.012
(0.229 – 0.330) NOTE 1 BSC (0.102 – 0.305)
.014 – .019
.016 – .050
(0.356 – 0.482)
(0.406 – 1.270)
TYP
NOTE:
INCHES
1. DIMENSIONS IN SW28 (ISO) 0502
(MILLIMETERS)
2. PIN 1 IDENT, NOTCH ON TOP AND CAVITIES ON THE BOTTOM OF PACKAGES ARE THE MANUFACTURING OPTIONS
THE PART MAY BE SUPPLIED WITH OR WITHOUT ANY OF THE OPTIONS.
*DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE
**DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE

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Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.

However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no represen-
tation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 15
LTC1535
U
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
Complete, Isolated 24-Bit Data Acquisition System
1/2 BAT54C LT1761-5
IN OUT
+ 10µF 10µF
16V
TANT
SHDN BYP + 10µF
GND 10V
T1 1µF TANT

2 10µF
+ 10µF CERAMIC
1/2 BAT54C 10V
TANT
2 LTC2402 2
“SDO” RO ST1 ST2 VCC2 A
RE B FO VCC
LTC1535
DE Y SCK FSSET
“SCK” DI VCC1 G1 G2 Z 1k SDO CH1
CS CH0
LOGIC 5V
10µF + 1 2 = LOGIC COMMON 2
GND ZSSET
1 10V 1 1535 TA03
TANT ISOLATION = FLOATING COMMON
1 BARRIER 2 2
T1 = COOPER CTX02-14659

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PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS
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LTC1531 Self-Powered Isolated Comparator 2.5V Isolated Reference, 3000VRMS Isolation
LT1785/LT1791 ±60V Fault Protected RS485 Transceiver, Half/Full-Duplex ±15kV ESD Protection, Industry Standard Pinout
LTC1690 Full-Duplex RS485 Transceiver ±15kV ESD Protection, Fail-Safe Receiver

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LT/TP 1103 1K REV A • PRINTED IN USA

Linear Technology Corporation
16 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ●
FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com  LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1999