CALHAN TOWN OF 2024 Drinking Water Quality Report
Covering Data For Calendar Year 2023
Public Water System ID: CO0121075
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We are pleased to present to you this year’s water quality report. Our constant goal is to provide you with a safe and dependable supply of drinking water. Please contact
CINDY TOMPKINS at 719-347-2586 with any questions or for public participation opportunities that may affect water quality.
General Information
All drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not
necessarily indicate that the water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection
Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) or by visiting epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water.
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immunocompromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing
chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV-AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk of
infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. For more information about contaminants and potential health effects, or to
receive a copy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of
infection by Cryptosporidium and microbiological contaminants call the EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (1-800-426-4791).
The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land
or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or
from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include:
• Microbial contaminants: viruses and bacteria that may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife.
• Inorganic contaminants: salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil
and gas production, mining, or farming.
• Pesticides and herbicides: may come from a variety of sources, such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses.
• Radioactive contaminants: can be naturally occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.
• Organic chemical contaminants: including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byproducts of industrial processes and petroleum production, and also
may come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems.
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment prescribes regulations limiting the amount of certain contaminants
in water provided by public water systems. The Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water that must provide the same
protection for public health.
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Lead in Drinking Water
Lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with
service lines and home plumbing. We are responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes, but cannot control the variety of materials used in
plumbing components in your home. You share the responsibility for protecting yourself and your family from the lead in your home plumbing. You can take responsibility by
identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family's risk. Before drinking tap water, flush your pipes for several minutes
by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. You can also use a filter certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to
reduce lead in drinking water. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact CINDY TOMPKINS at 719-347-2586. Information on
lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at epa.gov/safewater/lead.
Source Water Assessment and Protection (SWAP)
The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment may have provided us with a Source Water Assessment Report for our water supply. For general information or to
obtain a copy of the report please visit wqcdcompliance.com/ccr. The report is located under “Guidance: Source Water Assessment Reports”. Search the table using system
name or ID, or by contacting CINDY TOMPKINS at 719-347-2586. The Source Water Assessment Report provides a screening-level evaluation of potential contamination that
could occur. It does not mean that the contamination has or will occur. We can use this information to evaluate the need to improve our current water treatment capabilities and
prepare for future contamination threats. This can help us ensure that quality finished water is delivered to your homes. In addition, the source water assessment results provide a
starting point for developing a source water protection plan. Potential sources of contamination in our source water area are listed on the next page.
Please contact us to learn more about what you can do to help protect your drinking water sources, any questions about the Drinking Water Quality Report, to learn more about
our system, or to attend scheduled public meetings. We want you, our valued customers, to be informed about the services we provide and the quality water we deliver to you
every day.
Our Water Sources
Sources (Water Type - Source Type) Potential Source(s) of Contamination
WELL NO 1 TOWER WELL (Groundwater-Well)
EPA Hazardous Waste Generators, Other Facilities,
WELL NO 2 GORDON WELL (Groundwater-Well)
Commercial/Industrial/Transportation, Low Intensity Residential, Pasture / Hay, Septic
WELL NO 3 RAILROAD WELL (Groundwater-Well)
Systems, Road Miles
Terms and Abbreviations
• Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) − The highest level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water.
• Treatment Technique (TT) − A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
• Health-Based − A violation of either a MCL or TT.
• Non-Health-Based − A violation that is not a MCL or TT.
• Action Level (AL) − The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment and other regulatory requirements.
• Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) − The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a
disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
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• Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) − The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow
for a margin of safety.
• Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) − The level of a drinking water disinfectant, below which there is no known or expected risk to health.
MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.
• Violation (No Abbreviation) − Failure to meet a Colorado Primary Drinking Water Regulation.
• Formal Enforcement Action (No Abbreviation) − Escalated action taken by the State (due to the risk to public health, or number or severity of violations) to bring a
non-compliant water system back into compliance.
• Variance and Exemptions (V/E) − Department permission not to meet a MCL or treatment technique under certain conditions.
• Gross Alpha (No Abbreviation) − Gross alpha particle activity compliance value. It includes radium-226, but excludes radon 222, and uranium.
• Picocuries per liter (pCi/L) − Measure of the radioactivity in water.
• Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) − Measure of the clarity or cloudiness of water. Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the typical person.
• Compliance Value (No Abbreviation) – Single or calculated value used to determine if regulatory contaminant level (e.g. MCL) is met. Examples of calculated values
are the 90th Percentile, Running Annual Average (RAA) and Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA).
• Average (x-bar) − Typical value.
• Range (R) − Lowest value to the highest value.
• Sample Size (n) − Number or count of values (i.e. number of water samples collected).
• Parts per million = Milligrams per liter (ppm = mg/L) − One part per million corresponds to one minute in two years or a single penny in $10,000.
• Parts per billion = Micrograms per liter (ppb = ug/L) − One part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000.
• Not Applicable (N/A) – Does not apply or not available.
• Level 1 Assessment – A study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system.
• Level 2 Assessment – A very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli MCL violation has occurred and/or
why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multiple occasions.
Detected Contaminants
CALHAN TOWN OF routinely monitors for contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws. The following table(s) show all detections found in the
period of January 1 to December 31, 2023 unless otherwise noted. The State of Colorado requires us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the
concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary significantly from year to year, or the system is not considered vulnerable to this type of contamination. Therefore,
some of our data, though representative, may be more than one-year-old. Violations and Formal Enforcement Actions, if any, are reported in the next section of this report.
Note: Only detected contaminants sampled within the last 5 years appear in this report. If no tables appear in this section, then no contaminants were detected in the last round of
monitoring.
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Disinfectants Sampled in the Distribution System
TT Requirement: At least 95% of samples per period (month or quarter) must be at least 0.2 ppm OR
If sample size is less than 40 no more than 1 sample is below 0.2 ppm
Typical Sources: Water additive used to control microbes
Disinfectant Time Period Results Number of Samples Below Level Sample Size TT MRDL
Name Violation
Chlorine December, 2023 Lowest period percentage of samples meeting 0 1 No 4.0 ppm
TT requirement: 100%
Lead and Copper Sampled in the Distribution System
Contaminant Name Time Period 90th Percentile Sample Unit of 90th Sample 90th Percentile Typical Sources
Size Measure Percentile Sites AL
AL Above AL Exceedance
Copper 09/03/2021 to 0.05 10 ppm 1.3 0 No Corrosion of household
09/08/2021 plumbing systems; Erosion of
natural deposits
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Radionuclides Sampled at the Entry Point to the Distribution System
Contaminant Name Year Average Range Sample Unit of MCL MCLG MCL Typical Sources
Low – High Size Measure Violation
Gross Alpha 2019 1.6 0.9 to 2.1 3 pCi/L 15 0 No Erosion of natural deposits
Combined Radium 2019 1.73 1.2 to 2.1 3 pCi/L 5 0 No Erosion of natural deposits
Inorganic Contaminants Sampled at the Entry Point to the Distribution System
Contaminant Name Year Average Range Sample Unit of MCL MCLG MCL Typical Sources
Low – High Size Measure Violation
Arsenic 2022 1.33 0 to 4 3 ppb 10 0 No Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from
orchards; runoff from glass and electronics
production wastes
Barium 2022 0 0 to 0.01 3 ppm 2 2 No Discharge of drilling wastes; discharge from
metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits
Chromium 2022 3.33 3 to 4 3 ppb 100 100 No Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of
natural deposits
Fluoride 2020 0.84 0.58 to 1.35 3 ppm 4 4 No Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which
promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer
and aluminum factories
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Secondary Contaminants**
**Secondary standards are non-enforceable guidelines for contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin, or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or
color) in drinking water.
Contaminant Name Year Average Range Sample Size Unit of Measure Secondary Standard
Low – High
Sodium 2022 108.1 90.9 to 140.3 3 ppm N/A
Violations, Significant Deficiencies, and Formal Enforcement Actions
Non-Health-Based Violations
These violations do not usually mean that there was a problem with the water quality. If there had been, we would have notified you immediately. We missed collecting a sample
(water quality is unknown), we reported the sample result after the due date, or we did not complete a report/notice by the required date.
Name Description Time Period
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS FAILURE TO MONITOR AND/OR REPORT 01/01/2023 - 12/31/2023
DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE FAILURE TO MONITOR AND/OR REPORT 07/01/2023 - 09/30/2023
Additional Violation Information
Please share this information with all the other people who drink this water, especially those who may not have received this notice directly (for example, people in apartments, nursing
homes, schools, and businesses). You can do this by posting this notice in a public place or distributing copies by hand or mail.
Describe the steps taken to resolve the violation(s), and the anticipated resolution date: All required tests have been completed. There were no contaminants detected, potential adverse
effects include: Disinfectant residual serves as one of the final barriers to protect public health. Lack of an adequate disinfectant residual may increase the likelihood that disease-causing
organisms are present. adequate disinfectant residual may increase the likelihood that disease-causing organisms are present. Some people who drink water containing di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate well in excess of the MCL over many years may have problems with their liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
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