1.

Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c²
2. Quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a
3. Distance formula: d = √((x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²)
4. Slope-intercept form of a line: y = mx + b
5. Point-slope form of a line: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁)
6. Midpoint formula: ((x₁ + x₂)/2, (y₁ + y₂)/2)
7. Law of sines: a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C
8. Law of cosines: c² = a² + b² - 2ab cos C
9. Sum of angles in a triangle: A + B + C = 180°
10. Area of a triangle: A = (1/2)bh
11. Volume of a sphere: V = (4/3)πr³
12. Volume of a cylinder: V = πr²h
13. Volume of a cone: V = (1/3)πr²h
14. Surface area of a sphere: A = 4πr²
15. Surface area of a cylinder: A = 2πr² + 2πrh
16. Surface area of a cone: A = πr² + πrs, where s is the slant height
17. Binomial theorem: (a + b)ⁿ = Σ(n choose k)a^(n-k)b^k, where Σ is the sum from
k=0 to n, and (n choose k) is the binomial coefficient
18. Fundamental theorem of calculus: ∫a^b f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a), where F is the
antiderivative of f
19. Derivative of a constant: d/dx(c) = 0
20. Power rule for derivatives: d/dx(xⁿ) = nx^(n-1)
21. Product rule for derivatives: d/dx(fg) = f'g + fg'
22. Quotient rule for derivatives: d/dx(f/g) = (f'g - fg')/g²
23. Chain rule for derivatives: d/dx(f(g(x))) = f'(g(x))g'(x)
24. Mean value theorem: if f is continuous on [a,b] and differentiable on (a,b), then
there exists c in (a,b) such that f'(c) = (f(b) - f(a))/(b-a)
25. Intermediate value theorem: if f is continuous on [a,b], then for any y between
f(a) and f(b), there exists c in [a,b] such that f(c) = y
26. Rolle's theorem: if f is continuous on [a,b] and differentiable on (a,b), and if f(a)
= f(b), then there exists c in (a,b) such that f'(c) = 0
27. Integration by substitution: ∫f(g(x))g'(x) dx = ∫f(u) du, where u = g(x)
28. Integration by parts: ∫u dv = uv - ∫v du
29. L'Hopital's rule: if lim(x → a) f(x)/g(x) = 0/0 or ∞/∞, then lim(x → a) f(x)/g(x) =
lim(x → a) f'(x)/g'(x)
30. Taylor series: f(x) = Σ(n=0 to ∞) f^(n)(a)/n!(x-a)^n, where f^(n) is the nth
derivative of f
31. Euler's formula: e^(ix) = cos(x) + i sin(x)
32. De Moivre's theorem: (cos x + i sin x)^n = cos(nx) + i sin(nx)
33. Fundamental trigonometric identities: sin² x + cos² x = 1, 1 + tan² x = sec² x, 1 +
cot² x = csc² x
 34. Double angle formulas: sin 2x = 2sin x cos x, cos 2x = cos² x - sin² x, tan 2x =
(2tan x)/(1 - tan² x)
35. Half angle formulas: sin(x/2) = ±√((1 - cos x)/2), cos(x/2) = ±√((1 + cos x)/2),
tan(x/2) = ±√((1 - cos x)/(1 + cos x))
36. Sum-to-product formulas: sin A + sin B = 2sin((A+B)/2)cos((A-B)/2), cos A + cos
B = 2cos((A+B)/2)cos((A-B)/2), sin A - sin B = 2cos((A+B)/2)sin((A-B)/2), cos A - cos
B = -2sin((A+B)/2)sin((A-B)/2)
37. Product-to-sum formulas: cos A cos B = (1/2)(cos(A-B) + cos(A+B)), sin A sin B =
(1/2)(cos(A-B) - cos(A+B)), sin A cos B = (1/2)(sin(A+B) + sin(A-B)), cos A sin B =
(1/2)(sin(A+B) - sin(A-B))
38. Hyperbolic functions: sinh x = (e^x - e^-x)/2, cosh x = (e^x + e^-x)/2, tanh x =
sinh x/cosh x
39. Inverse trigonometric functions: arcsin x, arccos x, arctan x
40. Logarithmic identities: log(xy) = log x + log y, log(x/y) = log x - log y, log x^n = n
log x
41. Exponential identities: e^x+y = e^x e^y, (e^x)^n = e^(nx), e^0 = 1
42. Binomial coefficients: (n choose k) = n!/(k!(n-k)!)
43. Pascal's triangle: each entry is the sum of the two entries above it
44. Fermat's little theorem: if p is a prime and a is not divisible by p, then a^(p-1) ≡
1 (mod p)
45. Chinese remainder theorem: if m₁, m₂, ..., mₙ are pairwise coprime integers and
a₁, a₂, ..., aₙ are any integers, then there exists an integer x that satisfies the system
of congruences x ≡ a₁ (mod m₁), x ≡ a₂ (mod m₂), ..., x ≡ aₙ (mod mₙ)
1. Aragtida Pythagorean: a² + b² = c²
2. Qaaciddada afargeesoodka ah: x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a
3. formula masaafada: d = √((x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²)
4. Qaabka dhexda jiirada ee xariiqda: y = mx + b
5. Qaabka jiirada bar ee xariiqda: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁)
6. formula barta dhexe: ((x₁ + x₂)/2, (y₁ + y₂)/2)
7. Sharciga dembiyada: a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C
8. Sharciga cosine: c² = a² + b² - 2ab cos C
9. Isu geynta xaglaha saddex xagal: A + B + C = 180°
10. Bedka saddexagalka: A = (1/2)bh
11. Mugga goobeedka: V = (4/3)πr³
12. Mugga dhululubo: V = πr²h
13. Mugga koorta: V = (1/3)πr²h
14. Baaxadda dusha sare: A = 4πr²
15. Bedka dhululubo: A = 2πr² + 2πrh
16. Meesha sare ee koorta: A = πr² + πrs, halkaas oo s ay tahay dhererka fidsan
17. Aragtida laba-geesoodka ah: (a + b)ⁿ = Σ(n door k) a^(n-k)b^k, halka Σ ay tahay wadarta k=0
ilaa n, iyo (n dooro k) waa isku-xidhka laba-geesoodka ah.
18. Aragtida aasaasiga ah ee calculus: ∫a^b f(x) dx = F (b) - F(a), halka F uu yahay
antiderivative-ka f
19. Ka-soo-saar joogta ah: d/dx(c) = 0
20. Xeerka awoodda ee derivatives: d/dx(xⁿ) = nx^(n-1)
21. Xeerka wax soo saarka ee derivatives: d/dx(fg) = f'g + fg'
22. Xeerka qiyaasta ee derivatives: d/dx(f/g) = (f'g - fg')/g²
23. Xeerka silsiladda ee derivatives: d/dx(f(g(x)))) = f'(g(x))g'(x)
24. Aragtida qiimaha celceliska: haddii f ku sii socoto [a,b] oo lagu kala duwanaan karo (a,b),
markaa waxaa jira c gudaha (a,b) sida f'(c) = (f(b) - f (a))/(b-a)
25. Aragtida qiimaha dhexdhexaadka ah: haddii f uu ku sii socdo [a,b], markaa y kasta oo u
dhexeeya f (a) iyo f (b), waxaa jira c gudaha [a,b] sida f (c) = y
26. Aragtida Rolle: haddii f uu ku sii socdo [a,b] oo lagu kala duwanaan karo (a,b), iyo haddii f
(a) = f (b), markaa waxaa jira c gudaha (a,b) sida f' (c) = 0
27. Isku-dhafka beddelka: ∫f(g(x))g'(x) dx = ∫f(u) du, halka u = g(x)
28. Isku-dhafka qaybaha: ∫u dv = uv - ∫v du
29. Xeerka L'Hopital: haddii lim(x → a) f(x)/g(x) = 0/0 ama ∞/∞, dabadeed lim(x → a) f(x)/g(x)
= lim (x → a) f'(x)/g'(x)
30. Taxanaha Taylor: f(x) = Σ(n=0 to ∞) f^(n)(a)/n!(x-a)^n, halka f^(n) ay tahay tii nth derivative
ee f
31. Qaacidada Euler: e^(ix) = cos(x) + i sin(x)
32. Aragtida De Moivre: (cos x + i sin x)^n = cos(nx) + i sin(nx)
33. Aqoonsiga trigonometric aasaasiga ah: sin² x + cos² x = 1, 1 + tan² x = sek² x, 1 + sariirta² x =
csc² x
34. Qaaciidooyinka xagasha laba jibaaran: sin 2x = 2sin x cos x, cos 2x = cos² x - sin² x, tan 2x =
(2tan x)/(1 - tan² x)
35. Qaababka xagasha kala bar: sin(x/2) = ±√((1 - cos x)/2), cos(x/2) = ±√((1 + cos x)/2), tan(x/
2) = ±√((1 - cos x)/(1 + cos x))
36. Wadarta qaacidooyinka badeecada: sin A + sin B = 2sin((A+B)/2)cos((A-B)/2), cos A + cos B
= 2cos((A+B)/2) cos ((A-B)/2), dembi A - dembi B = 2cos ((A+B)/2) sin ((A-B)/2), cos A - cos B
= -2sin((A+B) ) sin((A-B)/2)
37. Wax soo saarka-ilaa-calaamadaha: cos A cos B = (1/2) (cos (A-B) + cos (A+B)), sin A sin B
= (1/2) (cos (A-B) - cos (A+B)), dembi A cos B = (1/2)( dembi (A+B) (A-B)
38. Hawlaha sare: sinh x = (e^x - e^-x)/2, cosh x = (e^x + e^-x)/2, tanh x = sinh x/cosh x
39. Shaqooyinka trigonometric rogan: arcsin x, arccos x, arctan x
40. Logarithmic identities: log(xy) = log x + log y, log(x/y) = log x - log y, log x^n = n log x
41. Aqoonsiga jibbaarada: e^x+y = e^x e^y, (e^x)^n = e^(nx), e^0 = 1
42. Isku-beegyada laba-geesoodka ah: (n door k) = n!/(k!(n-k)!)
43. Saddexagalka Pascal: gelitaan kasta waa wadarta labada galmood ee ka sarreeya
44. Aragtida yar ee Fermat: haddii p uu yahay ra'iisul iyo a aan la qaybin p, ka dibna a^ (p-1) ≡ 1
(mod p)

45. Aragtida hartay ee Shiinaha: haddii m₁, m₂, ..., mₙ ay yihiin laba-geesood oo isugeyn ah iyo
a₁, a₂, ..., aₙ waa halbeeg kasta, ka dib waxaa jira x integer ah oo qanciya nidaamka isku-
xirnaanta x ≡ a₁ ( mod m₁), x ≡ a₂ (mod m₂), ..., x ≡ aₙ (mod mₙ)