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Experiment No. 2 Control System Simulation Using MATLAB and SIMULINK

1. The document describes three experiments involving control system simulation using MATLAB and Simulink. 2. The first experiment involves writing code to analyze the time domain specifications of a second order system from its step response. Plots of the system response are generated. 3. The second experiment simulates two dynamic systems with unit step inputs and plots the response. 4. The third experiment involves designing P, PI, and PID controllers for a plant using root locus analysis and finding the critical gain and oscillation period. Step responses are plotted with and without controllers.

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Som Pratap Singh
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80 views11 pages

Experiment No. 2 Control System Simulation Using MATLAB and SIMULINK

1. The document describes three experiments involving control system simulation using MATLAB and Simulink. 2. The first experiment involves writing code to analyze the time domain specifications of a second order system from its step response. Plots of the system response are generated. 3. The second experiment simulates two dynamic systems with unit step inputs and plots the response. 4. The third experiment involves designing P, PI, and PID controllers for a plant using root locus analysis and finding the critical gain and oscillation period. Step responses are plotted with and without controllers.

Uploaded by

Som Pratap Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

2
Control system simulation using MATLAB and SIMULINK
Objectives:
1. Write a MATLAB code for finding the time domain specifications of the second order
system from its unit step response. The transfer function of the system is given below,
2
𝐺 (𝑠) =
𝑠 2 + 1.5𝑠 + 2
˙
2. Simulate the following system and plot 𝑥𝑣𝑠𝑥 graphs:
¨ ˙
a) 𝑥 + 0.5𝑥 + 2𝑥 = 0
¨ ˙
b) 𝑥 + 0.5𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 𝑥2 = 0
3. The open loop transfer function of the plant is
6
𝐺 (𝑠) =
(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 2)(𝑠 + 3)

Using the MATLAB code find the values of critical gain and the corresponding period
of the oscillation. Design a P, PI, and, PID controller for the given system (use Root
Locus Technique). Find the step response of the system.

Results and Discussions:


Objective 1 
1. MATLAB code:
clc

num=[2];

den=[1 1.5 2];

sys=tf(num,den)

step(sys)

stepinfo(sys)
sys = 2

---------------

s^2 + 1.5 s + 2

Continuous-time transfer function.

ans =

struct with fields:

RiseTime: 1.2020

TransientTime: 4.0869

SettlingTime: 4.0869

SettlingMin: 0.9238

SettlingMax: 1.1401

Overshoot: 14.0072

Undershoot: 0

Peak: 1.1401

PeakTime: 2.6403
2. Plots:

3. Discussions:
In this lab, we investigated the time domain characteristics of a second-order system using its
unit step response and MATLAB simulations.

• Rise Time:- It is the time required for the response to rise from 0% to 100% of its final
value.

• Peak Time:- It is the time required for the response to reach the peak value for the first
time.

• Peak Overshoot:- Peak overshoot Mp is defined as the deviation of the response at peak
time from the final value of the response. It is also called the maximum overshoot.

• Settling Time:- It is the time required for the response to reach the steady state and stay
within the specified tolerance bands around the final value.
Objective 2 
1. Simulink Model :
2. Plots (For unit step input) :

3. Discussions:
In this lab experiment, we conducted a simulation to analyze the behavior of a second-order
dynamic system governed by the differential equation (x)'' + 0.5 (x)' + 2 x = 0 and (x)'' + 0.5
(x)' + 2 x + x*x = 0 for unit step response. The primary objective was to gain insights into the
response of the system and to plot the x vs. (x)' graphs using Simulink.
Objective 3 
1. MATLAB code:

a. clc
num=[6];

den=[1 6 11 6];

sys=tf(num,den)

rlocus(sys)

sys =

----------------------

s^3 + 6 s^2 + 11 s + 6
Kp= 10;
Pcr=1.9;

b. Without controller
clc

num=[6];

den=[1 6 11 12];

sys=tf(num,den)

figure,
step(sys)
c. With P controller
clc

syms kp ki kd

kp=5;

ki=0;

kd=0;

num=[6.*kd 6.*kp 6.*ki];

den=[1 6 11+6.*kd 6+6.*kp 6.*ki];

sys=tf(num,den)

figure,

step(sys)
d. With PI controller
Ti=(1/1.2)*Pcr=1.583
Ki=Kp/Ti=5/1.583=3.158
clc

syms kp ki kd

kp=5;

ki=3.158;

kd=0;

num=[6.*kd 6.*kp 6.*ki];

den=[1 6 11+6.*kd 6+6.*kp 6.*ki];

sys=tf(num,den)

figure,

step(sys)

e. With PID controller

Td=0.125 Pcr= 0.2375


Kd=Kp*Ti=1.1875
clc

syms kp ki kd

kp=5;

ki=3.158;

kd=1.1875;

num=[6.*kd 6.*kp 6.*ki];

den=[1 6 11+6.*kd 6+6.*kp 6.*ki];

sys=tf(num,den)

figure,

step(sys)

2. Discussions:
In this assignment, we have analyzed Ziegler-Nichols Method of implementing PID
controller.

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