What is It
The Respiratory System
Do you know that each day we breathe about
twenty thousand times?Breathing is so important to
life that it happens automatically. All of us cannot live
without breathing. All of this breathing could not
happen without help from the respiratory system.
Breathing is the process that delivers oxygen to where it is needed i n the body and
removes carbon dioxide. All animals need oxygen to live. Land animals get oxygen from
the air. We breathe in to allow oxygen to move into our bloodstream and we breathe
out to remove carbon dioxide from our blood. The oxygen is carried in the blood to all
cells of the body. And did you know that the air we breathe out has 100 times more
carbon dioxide than the oxygen we breathe in. And what organ is incharge when it
comes to breathing?
If you guessed your lungs, you are right. Your lungs make up one of the largest
organs in your body, and they work in your respiratory system to allow you to breathe.
Air flows into your body through the nose or mouth and enters a specific pathway for
air. These pathways carry air into our lungs.
Parts and Its Functions
The human respiratory system is composed of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It is liable for the method of respiration that's vital to the
survival of living beings.
Mechanism of Breathing
Inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (expiration) are the processes by which the
body takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide during breathing.
You breathe with the help of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles between
your ribs.
● Breathing in (Inhalation)
When you breathe in (inhale), your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves
downward. In this way, it could provide a bigger space for your lungs to expand in the chest
cavity. Also, the intercostal muscles help widen the area in the chest cavity. They contract to
pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you breathe. As your lungs expand, air
enters the nose and mouth, traveling towards your windpipe and into your lungs.
● Breathing out (Exhalation)
When you breathe out (exhale), your diaphragm relaxes and moves upward into the
chest cavity. The intercostal muscles also relax to decrease the area in the chest cavity. As the
space in the chest cavity reduced, carbon dioxide is pushed out of your lungs and windpipe,
and then out of your nose or mouth.
● Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the rest of the body, except for
the lungs. The main function of this circulation is to carry oxygenated blood to all cells and
transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Systemic circulation starts when blood
leaves the left ventricle. The blood then flows through the torso, arms, legs, and head, and
then reverts to the heart.
● Coronary circulation consists of the blood vessels that supply blood to, and remove
blood from, the heart. The vessels that provide blood high in oxygen levels to the heart are
called as coronary arteries.
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ACTIVITY 1
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