MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS IN

ANTENNA
Electronics Systems and Technologies

By
Melvin C. Arceo

ENCODED BY:
LORENZO, Luer Breech B.
1) It is a metallic conductor system capable of radiating and capturing electromagnetic energy.
a) transmission lines
b) antenna
 c) waveguides
d) load

2) A directional antenna with two or more elements is known as

a) folded dipole
b) ground plane
c) loop
d) array

3) The ratio of the focal length to the diameter of the mouth of the parabola is called _____.
a) aperture
b) focal point
c) foci
d) major axis

4) The impedance of a dipole is about

a) 50-ohm
b) 73-ohm
c) 93-ohm
d) 300-ohm

5) A special type if transmission lint that consists of a conducting metallic tube through which
high-frequency electromagnetic energy is propagated.
a) medium
b) microstrip
c) stripline
d) waveguide

6) Calculate the angle of declination for an antenna using a polar mount at a latitude of 45
degrees.
a) 3.2 degrees
b) 1.3 degrees
c) 4.2 degrees
d) 6.81 degrees

7) The cone angle of the flare angle of a conical horn antenna is approximately
a) 55 degrees
b) 45 degrees
c) 40 degrees
 d) 50 degrees

8) Electrical energy that has escaped into free space in the form of transverse electromagnetic
waves
a) radio waves
b) frequency
c) signal
d) wavelength

9) The length of the ground plane vertical at 146 MHz is

a) 1.6 ft.
b) 1.68 ft.
c) 2.05 ft.
d) 3.37 ft.

10) Using a small reflector to beam waves to the larger parabolic reflector is known as
a) focal feed
b) horn feed
c) cassegrain feed
d) coax feed

11) The plane parallel to the mutually perpendicular line in the electric and magnetic fields is
called _____
a) wavefront
b) point source
c) isotropic source
d) rays

12) What is the beamwidth of a parabolic antenna with a diameter of 5 meters and an operating
frequency to 10 GHz?
a) 0.5 degrees
b) 0.675 degrees
c) 0.348 degrees
d) 3.48 degrees

13) The horizontal radiation pattern of a dipole is a

a) circle
b) figure of eight
c) clover leaf
d) narrow beam
14) The size of the antenna is inversely proportional to _____
a) frequency
b) power
c) radiation resistance
d) wavelength

15) A popular half-wavelength antenna is the

a) ground plane
b) end-fire
c) collinear
d) dipole

16) Calculate the gain of a parabolic antenna using a 2.5-m radius dish operating at 10 GHz.
a) 166.673 dB
b) 83.7 dB
c) 52.2 dB
d) 45.6 dB

17) It is the ratio of the radiated to the reflected energy

a) radiation resistance
b) radiation efficiency
c) radiation constant
d) radiation antenna

18) The feed mechanism in a parabolic antenna that radiates the electromagnetic energy
a) primary antenna
b) reflectors
c) secondary antenna
d) focal point

19) It is a polar diagram representing field strengths or power densities at various angular
relative to an antenna
a) sidelobe
b) front lobe
c) radiation pattern
d) radiation constant
20) For a transmit antenna with a radiation resistance of 72 ohms, an effective antenna resistance
of 8 ohms, a directivity gain of 20 and an input power of 100W, determine the antenna gain.
a) 12.55 dB
b) 10.43 dB
c) 11.21 dB
d) 9.78 dB

21) The radiation pattern plotted in terms of electric field strength or power density
a) absolute radiation pattern
b) relative radiation pattern
c) absolute front lobe pattern
d) absolute sidelobe pattern

22) Calculate the characteristic impedance of a quarter-wavelength section used to connect a

300-ohm antenna to a 75-ohm line
a) 150 ohms
b) 120 ohms
c) 130 ohms
d) 110 ohms

23) Plots of field strength or power density with respect to the value at a reference point
a) absolute frontlobe pattern
b) relative radiation pattern
c) relative frontlobe pattern
d) relative radiation pattern

24) What must be the height nof a vertical radiator one-half wavelength high if the operating
frequency is 1100 kHz?
a) 120 m
b) 136 m
c) 115 m
d) 124 m

25) Lobes adjacent to the front lobe

a) diagonal lobes
b) side lobes
c) front lobes
d) back lobes

26) Lobes in a directional exactly opposite of the front lobe

 a) side lobes
b) adjacent lobes
c) front lobes
d) back lobes

27) Calculate the efficiency of an antenna that has a radiation resistance of 73 ohms and an
effective dissipation resistance of 5 ohms.
a) 98.3 %
b) 93.6 %
c) 90.7 %
d) 95.5 %

28) The line bisecting the major lobe, or pointing from the center of the antenna in the direction
of maximum radiation is called _____.
a) line of shoot
b) diagonal shoot
c) bisecting shoot
d) antenna shoot

29) The ammeter connected at the base of a Marconi antenna has a certain reading. If this reading
is increased 2.77 times, what is the increase in output power?
a) 3.45
b) 1.89
c) 2.35
d) 7.67

30) Refers to a field pattern that is close to the antenna

a) induction field
b) far field
c) radiation
d) capture field

31) A half-wave dipole is driven a 5-W signal at 225MHz. A receiving dipole 100 km. Calculate
the received power into a 73-ohm receiver.
a) 23.5 pW
b) 7.57 pW
c) 5.64 pW
d) 1.26 pW

32) It is the resistance that, if it replaced the antenna, would dissipate exactly the same amount of
power that the antenna radiates.
 a) directivity gain
b) antenna efficiency
c) radiation resistance
d) antenna resistance

33) What is the effective radiated power of a television broadcast station if the output of the
transmitter is 1000W, antenna transmission line loss is 50W, and the antenna power gain is 3.
a) 1250 W
b) 2370 W
c) 2130 W
d) 2850 W

34) It is the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna to the sum of the power radiated and the
power dissipated.
a) radiation resistance
b) coupling resistance
c) antenna efficiency
d) antenna beamwidth

35) It is the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna to the total input power.
a) antenna efficiency
b) reflection coefficient
c) standing wave ratio
d) radiation resistance

36) If a 500-kHz transmitter of a constant power produces field strength of 100 µV/m at a
distance of 100 mil from the transmitter, what would be the field strength at a distance of 200
mi from the transmitter?
a) 45µV/m
b) 100 µV/m
c) 50 µV/m
d) 35 µV/m

37) An antenna that transmits or receives equally well in all directions is said to be ______.
a) omnidirectional
b) bi-directional
c) unidirectional
 d) quadsidirectional

38) It is the ratio of the power density radiated in a particular direction to the power density
radiated to the same point by a reference antenna, assuming both antennas are radiating the
same amount of power.
a) power gain
b) directive gain
c) total gain
d) system gain

39) If the field intensity of 25 mV/m develops 2.7 V in a certain antenna, what is its effective
height?
a) 110 m
b) 100 m
c) 98 m
d) 108 m

40) The magnetic field of an antenna is perpendicular to the earth. The antenna’s polarization
______.
a) is vertical
b) is horizontal
c) is circular
d) cannot be determined from the information given

41) If the power of a 500-kHz transmitter is increased from 150W to 300W, what would be the
percentage change in field intensity at a given distance from the transmitter?
a) 141 %
b) 150 %
c) 100 %
d) 133 %

42) It is the same with directive gain except that the total power fed to the antenna is used and the
antenna efficiency is taken into account.
a) system gain
b) power gain
c) directive gain
d) total gain
43) A ship-radio telephone transmitter operates on 2738 kHz. At a certain point distant from the
transmitter, the 2738-kHz signal is measured field at 147 mV/m, the second harmonic field at
the same decibels, how much has the harmonic emission been attenuated below the 2738-
kHz fundamental?
a) 43.2 dB
b) 51.2 dB
c) 35.1 dB
d) 25.1 dB

44) It is the equivalent power that an isotropic antenna would have to radiate to achieve the same
power density in the chosen direction at a given point as another antenna.
a) EIRP
b) ERP
c) IRL
d) RSL

45) When energy is applied to the antenna at a point of high-circulating current.

a) voltage-fed antenna
b) power-fed antenna
c) current-fed antenna
d) impedance-fed antenna

46) For a transmitter antenna with a power gain of 10 and an input power of 100W, determine the
EIRP in watts.
a) 30 dBW
b) 40 dBW
c) 50 dBW
d) 20 dBW’

47) If the energy is applied at the geometrical center of antenna, the antenna is said to be
________.
a) center-fed
b) end-fed
c) quarterwave-fed
d) halfwave-fed

48) For a transmit antenna with a power gain of 10 and an input power of 100W, determine the
power density at a point 10 km from the transmit antenna
 a) 0.574 µW/m2
b) 0.796 µW/m2
c) 1.24 µW/m2
d) 0.981 µW/m2

49) For a transmit antenna with a radiation resistance of 72 ohms, an effective antenna resistance
of 8 ohms, a directive gain of 20 and an input power of 100W, determine the antenna
efficiency.
a) 90 %
b) 96 %
c) 98 %
d) 96 %

50) The field surrounding the antenna do not collapse their energy back into the antenna but
rather radiate it out into space.
a) induction field
b) near field
c) radiation field
d) magnetic field

51) For receive power density of 10µW/m2 and a receive antenna with a capture area of 0.2 m2,
determine the captured power.
a) 0.5 µW
b) 2 µW
c) 1 µW
d) 1.5 µW

52) The property of interchangeability for the transmitting and receiving operations is known as
_____.
a) efficiency
b) accuracy
c) reciprocity
d) polarization

53) The length of a doublet at 27 MHz is _____.

a) 8.67 ft.
b) 17.3 ft.
c) 18.2 ft.
 d) 34.67 ft.

54) Refers to the orientation of the electric field radiated from an antenna.
a) efficiency
b) beamwidth
c) polarization
d) accuracy

55) At frequencies below 2 MHz, what type of antenna is usually used?

a) Marconi antenna
b) Hertzian antenna
c) Herzt antenna
d) Elementary doublet

56) The angular separation between two half-power points in the major lobe of the antenna’s
plane radiation pattern.
a) bandwidth
b) polarization
c) efficiency
d) beamwidth

57) Hertz antenna are predominantly used with frequencies above

a) 3 MHz
b) 4 MHz
c) 5 MHz
d) 2 MHz

58) Defined as the frequency range over which antenna operation is satisfactory.
a) beamwidth
b) channel
c) bandwidth
d) baseband

59) One of the following is not a omnidirectional antenna.

a) half-wave dipole
b) log-periodic
c) discone
d) marconi

60) The point on the antenna where the transmission line is connected is called _____.
 a) center feed
b) end feed
c) feedpoint
d) voltage feed

61) A popular vertical antenna is the _____.

a) collinear
b) dipole
c) ground plane
d) broadside

62) The discone antenna is

a) a useful direction-finding antenna
b) used as a radar receiving antenna
c) circularly polarized like other circular antennas
d) useful as a UHF receiving antenna

63) The feedpoint presents and ac load to the transmission line called
a) antenna output impedance
b) antenna input impedance
c) feedpoint impedance
d) center feed impedance

64) A helical antenna is used for satellite tracking because of its

a) circular polarization
b) maneuverability
c) broad bandwidth
d) good front to back ratio

65) The simplest type of antenna

a) elementary doublet
b) half-wave dipole
c) quarterwave dipole
d) 5/8 wavelength dipole

66) Zoning is used with a dielectric antenna in order to

a) reduce the bulk of the lens
 b) increase the bandwidth of the lens
c) permit pin-point focusing
d) correct the curvature of the wavefront from a horn that is too short

67) It is an electrically short dipole.

a) short dipole
b) quarterwave dipole
c) half-wave dipole
d) yagi antenna

68) Cassegrain feed is used with parabolic reflector to

a) increase the gain of the system
b) increase the bandwidth of the system
c) reduce the size of the main reflector
d) allow the feed to be placed at a convenient point

69) The half-wave dipole is generally referred to as ______.

a) Yagi antenna
b) Hertzian antenna
c) Marconi antenna
d) Hertz antenna

70) Top loading is sometimes used with an antenna in order to increase its
a) effective height
b) bandwidth
c) beamwidth
d) input capacitance

71) What is the directivity of a Hertz antenna?

a) 1.64
b) 2.18
c) 2.15
d) 1.75

72) The standard reference antenna for the directive gain is the _____.
a) infinitesimal dipole
b) isotropic antenna
 c) elementary doublet
d) half-wave dipole

73) An antenna which is one-quarter wavelength long, mounted vertically with the lower end
either connected directly to ground or grounded through the antenna coupling network.
a) loop antenna
b) hertzian antenna
c) monopole antenna
d) turnstile antenna

74) An antenna that is circularly polarized is the

a) helical
b) small circular loop
c) parabolic reflector
d) Yagi-Uda

75) It is a wire structure placed below the antenna and erected above the ground.
a) ground plane
b) counterpoise
c) ground lines
d) top hat

76) Which of the following terms does not apply to the Yagi-Uda array
a) good bandwidth
b) parasitic elements
c) folded dipole
d) high gain

77) It effectively cancels out the capacitance component of the antenna input impedance.
a) ground plane
b) top hat
c) loading coil
d) shunt capacitance

78) Indicate which of the following reasons for the use of an earth mat with antennas is false:
a) impossibility of a good ground conduction
b) provision of an earth for the antenna
c) protection of personnel working underneath
 d) improvement of the radiation pattern of the antenna

79) A metallic array that resembles a spoke wheel placed at the top of an antenna, it increases the
shunt capacitance to ground reducing the overall antenna capacitance.
a) loading coil
b) top loading
c) series capacitance
d) series inductors

80) Indicate the antenna that is not wideband;

a) discone
b) folded dipole
c) helical
d) Marconi

81) It is formed when two or more antenna elements are combined to form a single antenna.
a) antenna elements
b) antenna arrays
c) driven elements
d) parasitic elements

82) One of the following is not a reason for the use of an antenna coupler:
a) to make the antenna look resistive
b) to provide the output amplifier with the correct load impedance
c) to discriminate against harmonics
d) to prevent reradiation of local oscillators

83) It is an individual radiator, such as half or quarter-wave dipole

a) antenna element
b) antenna array
c) reflector
d) director

84) Indicate which of the following reasons for using counterpoise with antennas is false:
a) impossibility of a good ground connection
b) protection of personnel working underneath
c) provision of an earth for the antenna
d) rockiness of the ground itself
85) Type of antenna element that is directly connected to the transmission lines and receives
from or is driven by the source.
a) driven array
b) parasitic array
c) driven element
d) parasitic element

86) Which of the following antennas is best excited from a waveguide?

a) biconical
b) horn
c) helical
d) discone

87) Type of antenna element that is not connected to the transmission lines.
a) parasitic array
b) driven array
c) parasitic array
d) parasitic element

88) One of the following is very useful as a multiband HF receiving antenna. This is the:
a) conical horn
b) folded dipole
c) log-periodic
d) square loop

89) A parasitic element that is longer than the driven element from which it receives energy.
a) driven element
b) director
c) parasitic element
d) reflector

90) One of the following consists of nonresonant antennas.

a) rhombic antenna
b) folded-dipole antenna
c) end-fire antenna
d) broadside antenna
91) A parasitic element that is shorter than its associated driven element.
a) redirector
b) director
c) reflector
d) parasitic element

92) An ungrounded antenna near the ground.

a) acts as a single antenna near the ground
b) is unlikely to need an earth mat
c) acts as an antenna array
d) must be horizontally polarized

93) It is a non resonant antenna capable of operating satisfactory over a relatively wide
bandwidth, making it ideally suited for HF transmission.
a) turnstile antenna
b) loop antenna
c) rhombic antenna
d) discone antenna

94) A wide-bandwidth multielement driven array is the _____.

a) end-fire
b) log-periodic
c) yagi
d) collinear

95) It is a linear array antenna consisting of a dipole and two or more parasitic elements: one
reflector and one director.
a) broadside antenna
b) end-fire antenna
c) yagi-uda antenna
d) phased array antenna

96) An antenna which is consists of a cone that is truncated in a piece of circular waveguide.
a) pyramidal horn antenna
b) circular horn antenna
c) rectangular horn antenna
d) conical horn antenna
97) Which antenna has a unidirectional radiation pattern and gain?
a) dipole
b) ground plane
c) yagi
d) collinear

98) An antenna formed by placing two dipoles at right angles to each other, 90 degrees out of
phase.
a) discone antenna
b) turnstile antenna
c) bicone antenna
d) 5/8 wavelength shaped

99) The radiation pattern of collinear and broadside antennas is _____.

a) omnidirectional
b) bi-directional
c) unidirectional
d) clover-leaf shaped

100) What is the bandwidth ratio of log-periodic antenna?

a) 10:1
b) 5:1
c) 20:1
d) 1:10

101) Which beam width represents the best antenna directivity

a) 7 degrees
b) 12 degrees
c) 19 degrees
d) 28 degrees

102) It is a ration of the highest to the lowest frequency over which n antenna will satisfactoru
operate.
a) channel ratio
b) bandwidth ratio
c) reflection ratio
d) dynamic range

103) An antenna has a power gain of 15. The power applied to the antenna is 32 W. The
effective radiated power is ______.
 a) 15 W
b) 32 W
c) 120 W
d) 480 W

104) It is simply a single-turn coil of wire that is significantly shorter than one wavelength and
carries RF current.
a) turnstile antenna
b) loop antenna
c) rhombic antenna
d) long-wire antenna

105) A coax has an attenuation of 2.4 dB per 100 ft. The attenuation of 275 ft.
a) 2.4 dB
b) 3.3 dB
c) 4.8 dB
d) 6.6 dB

106) It is a group of antennas or group of antenna arrays that when connected together,
function as a simple whose beamwidth and direction can be changed electronically withour
having to physically move any of the individual antennas or antenna elements within the
array.
a) end fire antenna
b) broadside antenna
c) phased array antenna
d) log-periodic antenna

107) Conductors in multielement antennas that do not receive energy directly from the
transmission line are known as ______.
a) parasitic element
b) driven element
c) the boom
d) receptor

108) It is a broad VHF or UHF antenna that is suited for applications for which radiating
circular rather than horizontal or vertical polarized electromagnetic waved are required
a) discone antenna
b) bicone antenna
c) log-periodic antenna
d) helical antenna
109) Mode of propagation of helical antennas where electromagnetic radiation is in the
direction at right angles to the axis of the helix.
a) normal mode
b) axial mode
c) helix mode
d) helical mode

110) Mode of propagation of helical antennas where radiation of the antenna in the axial
direction and produces a broadband relatively directional pattern
a) helical mode
b) normal mode
c) axial mode
d) helix mode

111) In a Yagi antenna, maximum direction of radiation is toward the

a) director
b) driven element
c) reflector
d) sky

112) It is defined as the ratio of the antenna maximum gain in the forward direction to its
maximum gain in its backward direction.
a) side-to-back ratio
b) front-to-side ratio
c) back-to-side ratio
d) front-to-back ratio

113) The horizontal radiation pattern of a vertical dipole is a _____.

a) figure of eight
b) circle
c) narrow beam
d) clover leaf

114) An antenna that provides extremely high gain and directivity and very popular for
microwave radio and satellite communications link
a) helical antenna
b) parabolic antenna
 c) hyperbolic antenna
d) log-periodic antenna

115) Part of a parabolic antenna that houses the primary antenna which radiates
electromagnetic waves toward the reflector.
a) feed mechanism
b) focal point
c) center feed
d) feed antenna
116) It is a passive device that simply reflects the energy radiated by the feed mechanism into
a concentrated, highly directional emission in which the individual waved are all in phase
with each other.
a) director
b) parabolic segment
c) reflector
d) feed mechanism

117) The energy near the edge of the parabolic dish that does not reflect but rather is diffracted
around the edge of the dish.
a) spillover
b) corona
c) dissipated power
d) copper loss

118) Determines the angular aperture of the reflector, which indirectly determines how much
the primary radiation is reflected by the parabolic dish.
a) numerical aperture
b) V number
c) aperture number
d) aperture angle

119) For a 2-m diameter parabolic reflector with 10W of power radiated by the feed
mechanism operating at 6 GHz with transmit antenna efficiency of 55 % and an aperture
efficiency of 55 % determine the beamwidth.
a) 1.25 degrees
b) 2.25 degrees
c) 1.5 degrees
d) 1.75 degrees

120) Type of lead mechanism where the primary radiating source is located just behind a small
opening at the vertex of the paraboloid rather than at the focus.
 a) cassegrain feed
b) center feed
c) horn feed
d) antenna feed

121) Discone radiation pattern is

a) omnidirectional
b) unidirectional
c) figure of eight
d) bi-directional

122) Which is properly terminated antenna?

a) dipole
b) marconi
c) hertz
d) rhombic

123) An example of a Marconi antenna is _____.

a) quarter wave vertical tower
b) collinear
c) yagi
d) rhombic

124) At the ends of a half-wave antenna, what values of current and voltage exist compared to
the remainder of the antenna?
a) minimum voltage and maximum current
b) minimum voltage and minimum current
c) equal voltage and current
d) maximum voltage and minimum current

125) Radiation resistance is the ratio of ______.

a) radiated power to antenna center current
b) radiated power to the square of the antenna center current
c) voltage to any point of the antenna
d) square of voltage to thesquare of current at any point in the antenna

126) Consists of basic antenna connected to a transmission line plus one or more additional
conductors
 a) parasitic array
b) directors
c) driven array
d) reflectors

127) Which of the following is not a driven array

a) yagi
b) broadside
c) collinear
d) end fire

128) What is used to determine phase difference between two broadcast antennas?
a) a phase monitor
b) a frequency monitor
c) an amplitude monitor
d) a power monitor

129) In antennas, which gives more forward gain?

a) reflector
b) driven element
c) parasitic element
d) director

130) Which of the following is longer?

a) director
b) reflector
c) driven element
d) parasitic element

131) Which is closer to the driven element?

a) parasitic element
b) driven element
c) director
d) reflector

132) How much do they differ in length from a half-wavelength?

a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 15%
 d) 20%

133) How much move feed-point impedance does a folded-dipole have than normal dipole?
a) two times as much
b) three times as much
c) four times as much
d) five times as much

134) How is it possible to produce 70-ohm twin lead?

a) by folding more parasitic element
b) by manufacturing
c) by increasing the radiation resistance
d) by increasing the length of the antenna

135) With similar size parabolic, plane reflector, and corner-reflector beams, which has greates
gain?
a) plane reflector
b) parabolic
c) corner-reflector beam
d) V-beam

136) With similar size, which has the narrowest lobes?

a) parabolic
b) V-beam
c) corner-reflector beam
d) plane reflector

137) Why would the wires of V beam be closer together when used on higher frequencies?
a) main lobe lays further to wire
b) main lobe lays closer to wire
c) secondary lobes closer to wire
d) secondary lobes further to wire

138) How is the V-beam made unidirectional?

a) impedance terminated
b) capacitive terminated
c) inductive terminated
 d) resistor terminated

139) Why might a rhombic be better than a V-beam?

a) it is resistor terminated
b) more acreage needed
c) less acreage needed
d) it is unidirectional

140) Why is it usual rhombic nor frequency-sensitive?

a) unidirectional
b) terminated with its characteristic impedance
c) less acreage required
d) main lobe is greater than back lobe

141) In what direction is the null of small diameter loop in relation to the plane of the loop?
a) 45 degrees angle
b) 180 degrees angle
c) 360 degrees angle
d) 90 degrees angle

142) When is a loop unidirectional?

a) when horizontal
b) when vertical
c) when circular
d) when unidirectional

143) Why are verticals sometimes top-loaded?

a) to resonate on high frequency
b) to decrease the electrical length
c) to resonate on low frequency
d) to look better

144) Why is pi-network superior to direct coupling to an antenna?

a) reduce harmonic radiation
b) better frequency response
c) better radiation of energy
d) reduce power dissipation
145) Why might L networks be used between an antenna and transmission line?
a) step impedance up
b) step impedance down
c) better radiation of energy
d) reduce power radiation

146) Why are antenna ammeters often shorted out or disconnected from the antenna expect
when readings are desired?
a) to replace it with dummy
b) not to interfere with transmission
c) for proper reception of signals
d) to protect from lightning

147) Device to split transmission line current to two or more antenna towers
a) splitter
b) coupler
c) isolator
d) phasor circuit

148) What method can be used to determine the feed-point impedance of a vertical antenna?
a) resistance substitution
b) impedance matching
c) dissipated resistance measurement
d) grounding the antenna

149) In what unit is field intensity measured/

a) volts
b) amperes
c) watts/m
d) mV/m

150) How fast does low-frequency field strength attenuate?

a) directly proportional to distance
b) inversely proportional to distance
c) directly proportional to time
d) inversely proportional to time
151) Under what condition might a harmonic of a transmission be heard at a distant point
when the fundamental cannot be?
a) when the carrier is weak
b) when fundamental is too weak
c) when harmonics are weak
d) when the harmonics are amplified

152) Field gain can be measured in ______.

a) volts
b) dB
c) ohms
d) both volts and dB

153) What is involved in the ERP of an antenna?

a) input power times field gain
b) input power squared times field gain
c) output power times field gain
d) output power squared times field gain

154) Why do ground radials assure constant feed-point impedance?

a) virtual ground constant in any weather
b) ensure strength of signals
c) produce a signal image
d) creates good ground

155) What feed requirements must be met to produce a circular radiation pattern when using
two crossed dipoles?
a) feed 180degrees apart electrically
b) feed 45 degrees apart electrically
c) feed 360 degrees apart electrically
d) feed 90 degrees apart electrically

156) A section which would be a complete antenna by itself

a) bay
b) reflector
c) paraboloid
d) hyperboloid
157) In what range of frequencies are most omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas
used?
a) VHF and UHF
b) HF and VHF
c) UHF and HF
d) LF and MF