1. The critical activity of the concrete pavement construction project is the concrete pavement construction itself.
2. A slip-form paver will be used to place, consolidate, and finish the concrete pavement without conventional forms. The slip-form paver can place slabs that are up to 45cm thick and 6m wide at speeds up to 3m/min.
3. The concrete aprons will be divided into four worksites and constructed in a continuous flow process from one worksite to the next according to the construction sequence schematic. Temporary traffic management will be implemented to minimize impacts to existing traffic during construction.
1. The critical activity of the concrete pavement construction project is the concrete pavement construction itself.
2. A slip-form paver will be used to place, consolidate, and finish the concrete pavement without conventional forms. The slip-form paver can place slabs that are up to 45cm thick and 6m wide at speeds up to 3m/min.
3. The concrete aprons will be divided into four worksites and constructed in a continuous flow process from one worksite to the next according to the construction sequence schematic. Temporary traffic management will be implemented to minimize impacts to existing traffic during construction.
1. The critical activity of the concrete pavement construction project is the concrete pavement construction itself.
2. A slip-form paver will be used to place, consolidate, and finish the concrete pavement without conventional forms. The slip-form paver can place slabs that are up to 45cm thick and 6m wide at speeds up to 3m/min.
3. The concrete aprons will be divided into four worksites and constructed in a continuous flow process from one worksite to the next according to the construction sequence schematic. Temporary traffic management will be implemented to minimize impacts to existing traffic during construction.
1. The critical activity of the concrete pavement construction project is the concrete pavement construction itself.
2. A slip-form paver will be used to place, consolidate, and finish the concrete pavement without conventional forms. The slip-form paver can place slabs that are up to 45cm thick and 6m wide at speeds up to 3m/min.
3. The concrete aprons will be divided into four worksites and constructed in a continuous flow process from one worksite to the next according to the construction sequence schematic. Temporary traffic management will be implemented to minimize impacts to existing traffic during construction.
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Concrete pavement construction
In consideration of the construction methods, the overall arrange of works and
the interaction of activities, the critical activities of this project is concrete pavement construction.
We propose to use the slip-form paver to complete the concrete pavement, this slip-form paver is capable of spreading, consolidating, and finishing a concrete slab without the use of conventional forms, and the concrete develops sufficient strength to be self-supporting by the time it leaves the paver. The slip-form paver is capable of placing slabs up to 45 cm thick and 6 m wide at speeds up to 3 m/min.
As specified in the tender drawings, the Concrete Aprons will be divided into four worksites namely A1, A3 and A4. We intend to adopt the continuous flow process technology, in the sequence of Apron A3, A4, and A1, and shows in the drawing (construction sequence schematic of concrete aprons).
1. Temporary Traffic Management
Temporary traffic management schemes will be carefully planned in advance and properly implemented to minimize the impact of construction on the existing traffic. The Engineering Manager will prepare temporary traffic management schemes for various stages of the Works. At all times, measures will be in place to minimize the impact to local traffic, while meeting the Contract requirements and the Works Programme. The proposal plan shows in the drawing (general view showing haulage routes).
2 Steps in the construction process
Chart 3-2-6 Construction sequences of apron concrete
Prepare cement treated base Maintain and check course surface mixing plant
Survey and layout
Adjust design mixture
Prepare reinforcement where the L:W is over 1.25
Fix dowels, tie bar and expansion
Trail mixing joint falsework
Multifunctional Construct trial section or Apron paver
Dump truck Finishing of concrete
Texturing of running surfaces
Approved by Engineer
Design Concrete mixing formula Covering&Curing by water truck
Cut the joint by cutting machine
Fill the joint with filling machine
Flatness, flexural strength, concrete
Approved by engineer thickness checking
Open to Traffic
3 Preparing the base
When the base has been thoroughly compacted it will need to be shaped to conform to the specified profile and cross-section. Sometimes, good base have soft spots from which the soft material has to be ripped, removed and replaced with material of the same quality as specified by the design, and compacted.
The base will need to be laid to a regular and accurate level, and maintained in a clean condition until the concrete is laid; in the interim, its use by construction traffic should be strictly limited. Good control of the base surface level improves the uniformity and quality of performance of a concrete pavement, as any unevenness in the finished base will be reflected in variations in the thickness of the poured slab.
4 Joint assemblies and reinforcement
At this stage various joint assemblies will be placed in position, depending upon the design drawing.
Type A expansion joint
assemblies with dowel bars and filler boards are prefabricated and securely supported on cradles and fixed to the base so that they will not shift when the concrete is being spread and compacted.
Type B expansion joint only
filler boards are prefabricated and securely supported and fixed to the base.
Contraction joint dowels are
placed on prefabricated metal cradles and fastened to the base ahead of the paving machine; cradles supporting dowel bars should not extend across the joint line.
To work effectively the dowels
in each assembly must be aligned parallel to both the surface of the slab and the centreline of the pavement. Filler boards, which are normally 25 mm thick, must be set vertically to ensure that adjacent slab ends are also vertical and that there is no likelihood of one riding up over the other.
Concrete saws are used to cut contraction
joints in concrete slabs to control shrinkage cracking. The depth of control joints should be depended on design drawings, but not less than the maximum size of the aggregate used. Sawing should be done when the concrete is still green but has hardened sufficiently to produce a clean cut. This is usually 6 to 30 h after the concrete has been placed. Tie bars in wet-formed longitudinal joints assemblies are made up into rigid assemblies with adequate supports, and securely attached to the base in advance of the paving machine. The tie bars at longitudinal joints will be vibrated into position, using a method that ensures compaction of the concrete about the tie bars.
5 Preparing the concrete
For the concrete of a consistent quality must be provided at the site at a steady rate. Steady progress requires the careful and matching of the paving machine’s productive capacity with the mixing plant’s output capability and the availability of enough suitable vehicles to transport the fresh concrete, to keep the paving machine in continuous operation.
We propose to use HZS75 concrete mixing plant which the theory productivity would be 75m3 per hour, and located nearby the construction site which shows in the drawing (general view showing haulage routes).
We have more storage facilities and equipment that can control the flow of materials from the stockpiles, through the batching and mixing plant, to the mixed concrete into waiting vehicles for transport to the site.
When the construction of ApronA4 sections, the haul-road is through urban
areas, and it is long and bumpy, the risk of vehicles bunching in traffic congestion increases, with the consequent risk of an irregular supply to the paving machine. And the concrete may begin to stiffen and its consistency and workability at the site will be detrimentally affected, so concrete mixer truck will be used, to ensure the quality and workability of the concrete at the placement point on-site should be such as to enable it to be fully compacted and finished.
When the construction of Apron A1，A3 sections, trucks will be used.
Unless otherwise specified, use air entrainment in all slip-form concrete.
6 Placing and finishing the concrete
The placing of the fresh concrete upon the base should be carried out so as to obtain an even depth, of uniform density.
The slip-form paver is self-propelled and mounted on caterpillar tracks. The
correct alignment and the true surface level of the concrete slab are achieved with the aid of an electronic sensing system that is attached at the paving machine; this continuously picks up guidance signals from tensioned guide- wires on stakes on side of the pavement, and automatically adjusts the machine’s operation as necessary. The accuracy to which the vertical and horizontal alignments of the guide-wires are established is absolutely critical to the success of the slip-form paving operation.
With a conforming plate slip-form paver the concrete is deposited in a hopper at
the front of the moving paver. A hydraulically-adjustable plate attached to the hopper maintains a constant surcharge of concrete above the level of the conforming plate. As the paver moves forward the slab edges are formed by the moving slip-forms as the concrete is forced under the conforming plate. Immersed vibrators between the strike-off and conforming plates keep the con- crete in a fluid state, and help compact it as it is forced into the space between the base and the conforming plate. The hopper will be fitted with a spreader to help distribute the concrete across its full width.
Slip-form pavers have the ability to insert transverse contraction-joint dowels, at
predetermined positions, into the concrete as it flows from the front of the machine.
If transverse and longitudinal joints have not been wet-formed a vibrating blade is used to saw them as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to allow a sharp-edged groove to be produced without spalling, and before random cracks appear in the slab.
sawing is carried out between 10 and 20 h after slab construction. Typically, the grooves are between 1/4 and 1/3 of the slab depth and not less than 3 mm wide. Preformed compressed formers that can accommodate the normal expansion and contraction changes in the joint, without allowing the entry of water or grit, are then vibrated into the joints.
7 Texturing of running surfaces
If the slab surface is to have good skid resistance it must have an adequate microtexture and macrotexture.
The macrotexture of the running surface is obtained by wire-brushing the
surface, at right-angles to the centreline, upon completion of the final regulation of the slab surface and before the application of the curing membrane.
Wire brushing is carried out manually, from a travelling bridge, at right angles to the longitudinal axis of t the slab.
8 Curing the concrete
Curing aims to ensure that a satisfactory moisture content and temperature are maintained in the newly-placed concrete slab, so that hydration of the cement continues until the design strength is achieved.
Curing involves keeping the surface of the concrete damp for at least 7 days using curing compound. The method used will be to mechanically spray the surface and exposed edges of the concrete slabs with the curing compound immediately after the finishing/texturing processes.
The curing compound which is sprayed that completely covers the surface with a membrane, and, the membrane will be then worn away by tyre traffic when vehicles or planes are allowed on the slab surface.
Rain damage to the freshly-textured concrete is minimized with the aid of about 60 m of polythene sheeting; this is towed behind the curing compound sprayer.
