SELF-LEARNING MODULE

MAPEH
GRADE 10

MUSIC
WRITER MR. DENNIS C. SAN ESTEBAN

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES (MELCs)

WEEK 1: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLE (INTRODUCTION)

Describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces on 20th Century styles.

WEEK 2: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLE PRACTICES (SETTINGS, COMPOSITION, COMPOSERS)

Explain the performance practices of 20th Century Music.

WEEK 3: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLES: ELECTRONIC AND CHANCE MUSIC

Explain the performance practices of 20th Century Music.

WEEK 4: COMPARISON OF THE 20TH CENTURY MUSIC TO OTHER ART FORMS

Relates 20th century music to other art forms and media during the same time period.

WEEK 5: MELODIC FRAGMENTS OF IMPRESSIONISM

Sings melodic fragments of given Impressionism period pieces.

WEEK 6: OTHER ARTS AND MEDIA THAT PORTRAY 20TH CENTURY ELEMENTS (ELECTRONIC AND CHANCE
MUSIC)
Explores other arts and media that portray 20th century elements through video films or live performances .

TO THE LEARNERS
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks which may
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to
successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated on every page of this
module.
2. Write in your notebook the concept about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, which is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module, use a separate sheet of paper
in answering the exercises.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next page.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to ask for help from your teacher. Enjoy studying!

HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY!

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 EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

a. discuss about the brief history and musical style of 20th Century Music;
b. listen and understand the different characteristics of 20th Century
Music;
c. have a better insight of the 20th Century Music;
d. identify known musical composers and contribution in Contemporary
Music;
e. listen and understand the different characteristics of early 20th
Century Music;
f. give importance to the role of performers and audiences in some 20th
Century Music style;
g. identify other musical composers and their contribution in
Contemporary Music;
h. listen and understand the different characteristics of later 20th Century
Music;
i. appreciate the role of the performers and audiences in some 20th
Century Music style;
j. discuss about the significant similarities and differences of 20th
Century Music to other art forms of the same period;
k. create an artworks that showcase music and its relationship to the
artforms of the 20th Century;
l. give importance to the uniqueness of each art form in relation to music;

m. identify the distinct characteristics of Impressionist Music;

n. sing or create simple melody based on melodic fragment of
Impressionistic Music;
o. develop a sense of appreciation to the music of the 20th Century;
p. explore other arts media that portrays 20th Century elements through
video films, video clips, and MTV using camera or mobile phones;
q. demonstrate how music can be used to create other artforms of 20 th
Century; and
r. give importance to the innovations of the 20th Century in the
development of music.

LOOKING BACK

DEFINITION OF MUSIC
Music is the scientific arrangement of sound that is
artistically put together to convey ideas and to express
emotions.

WEEK 1
MUSIC: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLE (INTRODUCTION)
MUSIC (modern description)

“Music is the scientific arrangement of sound that is artistically put together to

convey Ideas and to express emotions”

Music is a part of our life. It also changes human behavior and builds
communication skills, motor skills, and emotional development. It continuously changes
and adapts to the culture and events around it. Massive amount of technology arose
and developed in the 20th century and some of these technologies like electricity,
internet, computer, television, radio, nuclear power, and automobiles create great
impact and change the world. This evolution of technology also affects the perspective of
some musical composers that introduce the rise of distinct musical styles that reflected
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a move away from the traditional way of creating music in the early classical era.
Musical composers from this era create their musical pieces in an experimental and
unique way. Some of them used technological advances and avoided the conventional
way of creating music.
In this module you will encounter new styles of 20th century music or known as
contemporary music and we will explore the characteristics and elements of the
following styles like impressionism, expressionism, neoclassicism, avant-garde music,
modern nationalism, electronic music, and chance music. We will discuss the
characteristics and elements of 20th Century Music. As musical composer of
Contemporary Era established their own and created a new unique style in writing a
composition, some of them move away in convention style, technique, and treatment to
the music while other composers take advantage the product of 20th century technology
and introduce innovative ways of creating musical pieces resulting into variety of
musical style that influences the music scene nowadays.

IMPRESSIONISM
One of the earlier but concrete forms declaring the entry of 20th century music
was known as impressionism. It was a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th
Century. The sentimental melodies and dramatic emotionalism of the preceding
Romantic Period (their themes and melody are easy to recognize and enjoy) were being
replaced in favor of moods and impressions. There is an extensive use of colors and
effects, vague melodies, and innovative chords and progressions leading to mild
dissonances.

EXPRESSIONISM
The term Expressionism was originally borrowed from visual art and literature.
Artists created vivid pictures, distorting colors and shapes to make unrealistic images
that suggested strong emotions. Expressionist composers poured intense emotional
expression into their music and explored the subconscious mind. revealed the
composer’s mind, instead of presenting an impression of the environment. It used
atonality and the twelve-tone scale, lacking stable and
conventional harmonies. It served as a medium for expressing strong emotions, such as
anxiety, rage, and alienation.

NEOCLASSICISM
Neoclassicism was a moderating factor between the emotional excesses of the
Romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in Expressionism. It was a partial
return to an earlier style of writing, particularly the tightly knit form of the Classical
period, while combining tonal harmonies with slight dissonances. It also adopted a
modern, freer use of the seven-note diatonic scale.

AVANT-GARDE
Closely associated with electronic music, the avant-garde movement dealt with
the parameters or the dimensions of sound in space. The avant-garde style exhibited a
new attitude toward musical mobility, whereby the order of note groups could be varied
so that musical continuity could be altered. Improvisation was a necessity in this style,
for the musical scores were not necessarily followed as written. For example, one could
expect a piece to be read by a performer from left to right or vice versa.

MODERN NATIONALISM
A looser form of 20th century music development focused on nationalist
composers and musical innovators who sought to combine modern techniques with folk
materials. It can also refer to musical ideas or motifs that are identified with a specific
country, region, or ethnicity, such as folk tunes and melodies, rhythms, and harmonies
inspired by them.

ELECTRONIC MUSIC
As the 20th century acquired new technology, the capacity of electronic
machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders, and loudspeakers to create
different sounds was given importance. The presence of those electronic machines that
are useful in creating music was taken advantage of by some musical composers and
created a new distinctive style.
Musique concrete is one of its features. Is a type of music composition that utilizes
recorded sounds as raw material or composer records different sounds that are heard in
the environment such as the bustle of traffic, the sound of the wind, the barking of
dogs, the strumming of a guitar, or the cry of an infant. These sounds are arranged by
the composer in different ways like by playing the tape recorder in its fastest mode or in
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reverse. In musique concrete, the composer can experiment with different sounds that
cannot be produced by regular musical instruments such as the piano or the violin.

CHANCE MUSIC
Chance music refers to a style wherein the piece always sounds different at
every performance because of the random techniques of production, including the use of
ring modulators or natural elements that become a part of the music. Most of the
sounds emanate from the surroundings, both natural and man-made, such as honking
cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind, dripping water, or a ringing phone. As such, the
combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as each happens by chance.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nPPwYPRJgY click for more reference.

ACTIVITY

Written for Modular Learner

Activity 1: HUNT ME IF YOU CAN!
Directions: Hunt 13 phrases or words associated with 20th Century Music.
Write your answer on your answer sheet, no need to copy the puzzle.

Activity 2: SOMEWHERE I BELONG!

Directions: Complete the table. Put the corresponding characteristics and
elements of the 20th Century where they belong in the listed musical style
on the table.

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 IMPRESSIONISM EXPRESSIONISM ELECTRONIC/ NEOCLASSICISM AVANT-GARDE
CHANCE MUSIC

Written for Online Learner

Activity 1: LOOK WHO'S TRENDING NOW…
Directions: Research online about interesting facts and trivias about the
following 20th Century musical style. Write your answer on your answer
sheet and prepare to share them in your online class. Impressionism,
Expressionism, Neoclassicism, Avant-Garde Music, Modern Nationalism,
Chance Music, and Musique Concrete.

WEEK 2
MUSIC: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLE PRACTICES (SETTINGS, COMPOSITION,
COMPOSERS)

IMPRESSIONISM
This movement was influenced by the painting created by Claude Monet,
Impression, Sunrise. Musical Impressionism is the name given to a movement in
European classical music that arose in the late 19th century and continued into the
middle of the 20th century. Originating in France, musical Impressionism is
characterized by suggestion and atmosphere, and eschews the emotional excesses of the
Romantic era. The influence of Visual Impressionism on its musical counterpart is
debatable. Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel are generally considered the greatest
Impressionist composers, but Debussy disavowed the term, calling it the invention of
critics.

Impressionism composers and their role

Claude Debussy (1862-1918)
He was the primary exponent of the impressionist movement and the focal point
for other impressionist composers. He changed the course of musical development by
dissolving traditional rules and conventions into a new language of possibilities in
harmony, rhythm, form, texture, and color. The whole-tone scale was used by Claude
Debussy requiring an interval of whole step and also appeared occasionally in the 20th
century. Claude Debussy was also known as the ―Father of modern school of
composition‖.

Maurice Ravel (1875-1937)

The compositional style of Ravel is mainly characterized by its uniquely innovative
but not atonal style of harmonic treatment. It is defined with intricate and sometimes
modal melodies and extended chordal components. It demands considerable technical
virtuosity from the performer which is the character, ability, or skill of a virtuoso—a
person who excels in musical technique or execution. Many of his works deal with water
in its flowing or stormy moods as well as with human characterizations.

EXPRESSIONISM
The term expressionism was probably first applied to music in 1918 and
associated with Arnold Schoenberg. It was also influenced by the visual arts
expressionism that shows powerful emotion and avoided the traditional forms of beauty.
Expressionist music seeks to eliminate all conventional elements and produce atonal
style of music. Expressionist music often features a high level of dissonance, extreme
contrasts of dynamics, constant changing of textures, ―distorted‖ melodies and
harmonies, and angular melodies with wide leaps.

Expressionism composers and their role

Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)
Schoenberg’s style was constantly undergoing development. From the early
influences of Wagner, his tonal preference gradually turned to the dissonant and atonal,
as he explored the use of chromatic harmonies. His music became increasingly

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dissonant and chromatic in the style of Expressionism. The sense of key or tonal center
became less and less obvious eventually resulting in atonality. Although full of melodic
and lyrical interest, his music is also extremely complex, creating heavy demands on the
listener. His works were met with extreme reactions, either strong hostility from the
general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his supporters. There was so much unrest
at one concert that the police were called. Arnold Schoenberg was also credited with
using the Twelve-tone scale.

Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971)

Stravinsky’s early music reflected the influence of his teacher, the Russian
composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. His composition The Rite of Spring (1913) was
another outstanding work. A new level of dissonance was reached and the sense of
tonality was practically abandoned. Asymmetrical rhythms successfully portrayed the
character of a solemn pagan rite. He eventually. He left his country and migrated to the
United States of America and became an American citizen. Stravinsky abandoned his
style and cultivated his neoclassical style.

NEOCLASSICISM
Neoclassicism was a 20th century trend that sought the return of aesthetic
perception associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order,
balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint. The neoclassical impulse found its
expression in such features as the use of pared-down performing forces, an emphasis on
rhythm and on contrapuntal texture, an updated or expanded tonal harmony, and a
concentration on absolute music as opposed to Romantic program music. Igor
Stravinsky is also a prominent composer of Neoclassicism.

Neoclassicism composers and their role

Bela Bartok (1874-1951)
As a neo-classicist, primitivist, and nationalist composer, Bartok used Hungarian
folk themes and rhythms. He also utilized changing meters and strong syncopations.
His compositions were successful because of their rich melodies and lively rhythms.

Sergei Prokofieff (1874-1951)

Prokofieff is regarded today as a combination of neo-classicist, nationalist, and
avant garde composer. His style is uniquely recognizable for its progressive technique,
pulsating rhythms, melodic directness, and a resolving dissonance. He was highly
successful in his piano music, as evidenced by the wide acceptance of his piano
concertos and sonatas,featuring toccata-like rhythms and biting harmonic dissonance
within a classical form and structure.

Francis Poulenc (1899-1963)

Francis Poulenc was the leading composer of Les Six, the French group devoted to
turning music away from Impressionism, formality, and intellectualism. He wrote in a
direct and tuneful manner, often juxtaposing the witty and ironic with the sentimental
or melancholy. He heavily favored diatonic and modal textures over chromatic writing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXsM4L3vza4 click for more reference.

ACTIVITY

Written Task for Modular Learner

Activity 1: NOW YOU KNOW
Directions: Give a brief answer to the following questions based on what you
know about 20th Century Music. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What group of people inspired many of Bartok’s compositions?

2. What kind of musical style is attributed to Schoenberg and Stravinsky??
3. Who is considered the foremost impressionist?
4. what are the broadly defined concept of classicism?

Written Task for Online Learner

Activity 1: NOW LISTEN TO ME…
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 Directions: Listen to the following compositions of the different composers
on Youtube. Write a short explanation about what you think and felt about
the music that you have heard and associate it to the descriptions that you
have read about them. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

Claire de Lune by: Claude Debussy

Bolero by: Maurice Ravel
Pierrot Lunaire by: Arnold Schoenberg
The Rite of Spring by: Igor Stravinsky
Six String Quartets by: Bela Bartok

WEEK 3
MUSIC: 20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLES: ELECTRONIC AND CHANCE MUSIC

AVANT-GARDE
Avant-garde is French for 'advance guard' or 'vanguard.' Avant-garde music is on
the cutting edge and challenges expectations. The term is typically used to describe the
musical styles that evolved after 1945, sometimes referred to as post-World War II
music. It is also considered to be at the forefront of innovation in its field, with the
term"avant-garde" implying a critique of existing aesthetic conventions, rejection of the
status quo in favor of unique or original elements, and the idea of deliberately
challenging or alienating audiences.

Avant-garde composers and their works

George Gershwin (1898-1963)
Considered the “Father of American Jazz,”He was influenced by Ravel, Stravinsky,
Berg, and Schoenberg, as well as the group of contemporary French composers known
as ―Les Six” that would shape the character of his major works— half jazz and half
classical.
Leonard Bernstein (1928-1963)
Bernstein’s philosophy was that the universal language of music is basically
rooted in tonality. This came under fire from the radical young musicians who espoused
the serialist principles of that time.
Philip Glass (1937)
Philip Glass who is also an avant-garde composer. He explored the territories of
ballet, opera, theater, film, and even television jingles. His distinctive style involves cell-
like phrases emanating from bright electronic sounds from the keyboard that progressed
very slowly from one pattern to the next in a very repetitious fashion. Aided by soothing
vocal effects and horn sounds, his music is often criticized as uneventful and shallow,
yet startlingly effective for its hypnotic charm.

MODERN NATIONALISM
A looser form of 20th century music development focused on nationalist
composers and musical innovators who sought to combine modern techniques with folk
materials. As a musical movement, nationalism emerged early in the 19th century in
connection with political independence movements, and was characterized by an
emphasis on national musical elements such as the use of folk songs, folk dances or
rhythms, or on the adoption of nationalist subjects for operas, symphonic poems, or
other forms of music.

Modern Nationalism composers and their works

Nikolai Rimsky Korsakov
Bela Bartok
Sergei Prokofieff

ELECTRONIC MUSIC
The first electronic devices for performing music in the history of electronic music,
were developed at the end of 19th century. Shortly afterward Italian futurists explored
sounds that had previously not been considered musical. During the 1920’s and 1930’s,
electronic instruments were introduced and the first compositions for electronic
instruments were composed. By 1940’s magnetic audio tape allowed musicians to tape
sounds and then modify them by changing the tape speed or direction. Musique

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concrete was created in Paris in 1948. It was based on editing together recorded
fragments of natural and industrial sounds. Music produced in Germany in 1953.

Electronic music composers and their role

Edgard Varese (1883 -1965)
Known as the ―Father of Electronic‖. He was considered an ―innovative French-
born composer.‖ However, he spent the greater part of his life and career in the United
States, where he pioneered and created new sounds that bordered between music and
noise.
Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928)
He is a central figure in the realm of electronic music. Stockhausen’s music was
initially met with resistance due to its heavily atonal content with practically no clear
melodic or rhythmic sense.
Still, he continued to experiment with musique concrete. His Helicopter String Quartet,
in which a string quartet performs whilst airborne in four different helicopters, develops
his long-standing fascination with music which moves in space.

CHANCE MUSIC
Originates from the Latin word "alea" which means "dice". Aleatoric/Chance is
music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary
element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer(s).
The term is most often associated with procedures in which the chance element involves
a relatively limited number of possibilities.

Chance music composers and their role

John Cage (1912 -1992)
John Cage is the 20th century conceptual artist who famously "composed" the
piano piece titled 4' 33" (1952), which consists of the pianist(s) sitting at a piano and not
playing for exactly four minutes and 33 seconds. He continued to experiment and push
the boundaries music and embarked on a career of what he called "an exploration of
non-intention.". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBsRfmBEsq4 click for more
reference.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k85mRPqvMbE (sample electronic music)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqxMgC7C3po (Poeme electronique by Edgard
Varese)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13D1YY_BvWU (Helicopter String Quartet by
Karlhenz Stockhousen)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWVUp12XPpU (4’33 by John Cage)

ACTIVITY

Written Task for Modular Learner

Activity 1: WHO YOU?
Directions: Give a brief answer to the following questions based on what you
know about 20th Century Music. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Who was the French composer known as the ―Father of Electronic

Music?
2. This music originates from the Latin word "alea" which means "dice".
3. Who composed an experimental Helicopter String Quartet played
inside the four different helicopters?
4. This type of music is created using a magnetic audio tape this allowed
the musicians to record the sounds and then modify them by
changing the tape speed or direction.
5. French for 'advance guard' or 'vanguard.' The term is typically used to
describe the musical styles that evolved after 1945,

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 6. This are group of composers and musical innovators who sought to
combine modern techniques with folk materials.

Written Task for Online Learner

Activity 1: LETS STALK ABOUT THE COMPOSERS…
Directions: Search in youtube or other media flatform about the life and
work of one of the composers that we discussed about, list down some
important and interesting things about them. Write your answer in your
answer sheet and submit it to your teacher using this format:

Name: Grade & sec. Date

Composer’s name:

Information about the composer:

WEEK 4
MUSIC: COMPARISON OF THE 20TH CENTURY MUSIC TO OTHER ART FORMS
1.
2. The 20th century music is a complete step away from the traditional notions of
what music as an artform is. Not only can Impressionist and Expressionist, and other
style of music be used in listening, it can also be extended to other types of media and
art such as sand art, sculptures, dance accompaniment, movies, animations, game
commercials and advertisements.

During the 20th century there was a large increase in the variety of music that
people had access to. Prior to the invention of mass market gramophone records
(developed in 1892) and radio broadcasting (first commercially done ca. 1919–20),
people mainly listened to music at live Classical music concerts or musical theatre
shows, which were too expensive for many working class people; on early phonograph
players (a technology invented in 1877 which was not mass-marketed until the mid-
1890s); or by individuals performing music or singing songs on an amateur basis at
home, using sheet music, which required the ability to sing, play, and read music.
These were skills that tended to be limited to middle-class and upper-class individuals.
With the mass-market availability of gramophone records and radio broadcasts,
listeners could purchase recordings of or listen on radio to recordings or live broadcasts
of a huge variety of songs and musical pieces from around the globe. This enabled a
much wider range of the population to listen to

performances of Classical music symphonies and operas that they would not be able to
hear live, either due to not being able to afford live-concert tickets or because such
music was not performed in their region.
The early part of the 20th century features three important artistic attitudes. They
are Impressionism and the related literary attitude of Symbolism, Primitivism, and
Expressionism. All three ideas are borrowed from literature and the visual arts,
especially painting. Each of these three attitudes can be seen as extensions of some
aspect of Romanticism, and they thus form an appropriate bridge to the 20th century.
Impressionism and Symbolism sought to avoid explicit "meaning" in painting and
poetry. Painters explored the idea that the ways that external objects "really" look
depends upon conditions of light and weather, plus the state of mind of the observer.
Poets sought to write poems rich in ambiguous imagery. Composers, most notably
Claude Debussy, sought to translate these ideals into musical expression.
Impressionism is principally a French phenomenon, although Spanish, Italian, and
American composers contributed important examples.
Primitivism may have a different meaning in the visual arts from that in music.
Primitive paintings may be those created by artists outside academic circles. Their lack
of educated technique often resulted in an artistic vision or expression that was of great
originality and interest. Another use of the term "Primitivism" in art refers to the choice
of "primitive" subjects, or the deliberate adoption of a style similar to that of unschooled
artists. Primitivism in music rarely suggests lack of conventional technique. Rather, it
seeks to express ideas or images related to antiquity or to some "primitive" culture or
attitude. Primitivism can also be understood as a late development of 19th century
nationalism.
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Expressionism extends to the point of abnormal psychology the fascination that many
Romantic composers felt about heightened emotional states. Essentially a phenomenon
of German and Northern European culture, this artistic movement owes much to the
studies of the unconscious mind undertaken at this time by the Viennese physician
Sigmund Freud.

Some important composers

Claude Debussy (1862-1918) is one of the most creative minds in the history of
Western European music. His exquisite sense of color, harmony, and melody opened up
alternatives to the musical thought dominated by the Central Europeans for more than
a century.
Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) is a central figure in 20th century music. Although his
early career is characterized by his big ballets which epitomize primitivism, he composed
important works in many styles. His influence on other composers has been
incalculable.
Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) is another key figure in 20th century music. However,
he is most well-known for his development of the so-called "Twelve-Tone Technique"
which he developed after the period considered in this unit.

ACTIVITY

Performance Task for Modular Learner (for Music/Arts)

Activity 1: MY FEELS!
Directions: In a piece of paper, draw or paint an example of your
interpretation related to the following compositions of Debussy, Stravinsky
and Schoenberg. (explanation about the composition were provided so that
you could answer even without a gadget} Write your explanation at the back
of your work.

Claire de Lune by: Claude Debussy- This musical composition is a

perfect example of impressionism in Music, it is about the Moonlight,
adding beauty and mystery to the night.

Pierrot Lunaire by: Arnold Schoenberg- This musical composition is

perfect example Expressionism in Music, its about the representation of a
20th century people who live in a world of fear,irrationality, mistrust, anxiety
and disorderliness.

The Rite of Spring by: Igor Stravinsky- This Musical composition is

an example of Neoclassicism, its about all the wonderful things that
happens during Spring.

(You may refer to your lesson in arts in week 2 about Impressionism)

Performance Task for Online Learner (for Music/Arts)

Activity 1: MY FEELS..
Directions: In a piece paper, draw or paint an example of your interpretation
related to the following compositions of Debussy, Stravinsky and
Schoenberg. It is better to listen first to the excerpt of their compositions
and relate it to your art piece. Write your explanation at the back of your
work.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY Claire de Lune by:

Claude Debussy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bd2cBUJmDr8 Pierrot Lunaire by:

Arnold Schoenberg

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 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOTjyCM3Ou4 The Rite of Spring
by: Igor Stravinsky

(You may refer to your lesson in arts in week 2 about Impressionism)

Rubrics for the activity

Criteria Excellent(10) Very Satisfactory Needs Total
pts. Satisfactory( (5pts) improvement(3
8pts) pts.)

The work is The work is The work is The work is

outstanding, good, shows fine, it shows poorly done
Workmanship shows the the some the
Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic It did not show
s of the s of the s of the any the
musical style musical style musical style Characteristics
and artistic & artistic & artistic of the musical
creativity of creativity of creativity of style and
the students the students the students artistic
creativity of the
student

The The The The

presentation presentation presentation presentation is
Presentation is very is convincing, was fine the poorly done it
impact convincing,Th The drawing drawing is ok did not show
e drawing is is Neat and and some any of the ideas
very Neat and ideas are ideas are needed.
ideas are well defined defined
defined

All of the Most of the Some of the The work is

elements of elements of elements of unorganized, it
Over all impressionism impressionis impressionis did not show
performance was m was m was creativity and
organized and organized organized was poorly
very well and very well and very well presented
presented presented presented

LOOKING BACK
Directions: Recall the activities, insights, and reflection that you have learned in week 4.
Write your answer in your MAPEH journal.

Let’s recall the lesson in Week 4

I learned that..

WEEK 5
MUSIC: MELODIC FRAGMENTS OF IMPRESSIONISM

One of the earlier but concrete forms declaring the entry of 20th century music
was known as impressionism. It is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20 th
century. The sentimental melodies and dramatic emotionalism of the preceding
Romantic Period (their themes and melody are easy to recognize and enjoy) were being
replaced in favor of moods and impressions. There is an extensive use of colors and
effects, vague melodies, and innovative chords and progressions leading to mild
dissonances. Sublime moods and melodic suggestions replaced highly expressive and
program music, or music that contained visual imagery. With this trend came new
combinations of extended chords, harmonies, whole tone, chromatic scales, and
11
pentatonic scales. Impressionism was an attempt not to depict reality, but merely to
suggest it. It was meant to create an emotional mood rather than a specific picture. In
terms of imagery, impressionistic forms were translucent and hazy.

Other features include the lack of a tonic-dominant relationship which normally

gives the feeling of finality to a piece, moods and textures, harmonic vagueness about
the structure of certain chords, and use of the whole-tone scale. Most of the
impressionist works centered on nature and its beauty, lightness, and brilliance.

A number of outstanding impressionists created works on this subject.

The impressionist movement in music had its foremost proponents in the French
composers Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel. Both had developed a particular style
of composing adopted by many 20th century composers. Among the most famous
luminaries in other countries were Ottorino Respighi (Italy), Manuel de Falla and Isaac
Albeniz (Spain), and Ralph Vaughan Williams (England).And our very own Antonio
Molina (Philippine)

Comparative Styles of Debussy and Ravel

While their musical works sound quite similar in terms of their harmonic and
textural characteristics, the two differed greatly in their personalities and approach to
music. Whereas Debussy was more spontaneous and liberal in form, Ravel was very
attentive to the classical norms of musical structure and the compositional
craftsmanship. Whereas Debussy was more casual in his portrayal of visual imagery,
Ravel was more formal and exacting in the development of his motive ideas.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lof6AHvXCPw click for more information.

With this things in mind the melodic fragment of impressionism has the following
characteristics:

1. Use of Whole Tone Scale -in music, a scalar arrangement of pitches, each separated
from the next by a whole-tone step (or whole step) they also use the Pentatonic Scale
common to Asian music this scale uses only five notes penta means five ex. Do, Re, Mi So
La, not playing fa, and ti that are half tone.
2. In terms of harmony, chords overlapped lightly with each other to produce new subtle
musical colors.
3. Chords did not have a definite order and a sense of clear resolution. Other features
include the lack of a tonic-dominant relationship which normally gives the feeling of
finality to a piece, moods and textures.
4. Harmonic vagueness about the structure of certain chords.
5. Most of the impressionist works centered on nature and its beauty, lightness, and
brilliance.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lof6AHvXCPw Click for sample music La Mer by
Debussy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_P44-Q_FXVY Miroir by Maurice Ravel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPQRGanwmE8 Hating Gabi by Antonio Molina

ACTIVITY

Performance Task for Modular Learner

Activity 1: PICTURE SOUNDS PERFECT
Directions: Listen to any piece of music. It can be a song or an instrumental
music that is resembling an impressionistic music. (you may refer to our
discussion about the characteristics of impressionism in music to choose
your music) After listening to it, explain or describe in details (a short story)
what you picture in your mind while you are listening. As if painting a
picture or drawing the sound that you hear through words and sentences.
Or compose a poem that can be use as lyrics of a song. Write your work in a
piece of paper and submit it to your teacher for evaluation.

Performance Task for Online Learner

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 Activity 1: PRESS AND IMPRESS
Directions: Choose one of the options that is convenient to you.

1. Using “Whole-tone” or “Pentatonic” scale make your own short melody

in the style of impressionism in music (NOTE: 3min. maximum, but
not less than a minute, you may use “Perfect Piano” app on Playstore
or Appstore or other piano apps. or any instrument available to you.

2. Listen intently to an example of impressionistic music: hum the

melody and memorize it, put words or lyrics that are suitable to that
melody and sing it.

You can also refer to the different examples of impressionistic music using
the link found in this modules. Record your work and submit it to your
teacher for evaluation.

Rubrics for the activity

Criteria Excellent(10) Very Satisfactory Needs
pts. Satisfactory( (5pts) improvement(3
8pts) pts.)

The work is The work is The work is The work is

outstanding, good, shows fine, it shows poorly done
Theme shows the the some the
Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic It did not show
s of s of s of any the
impressionism impressionis impressionis Characteristics
and artistic m artistic m artistic of
creativity of creativity of creativity of impressionism
the students the students the students artistic
creativity of the
student

The The The The

presentation presentation presentation presentation is
Technique is very is convincing, was fine the poorly done it
convincing,Th The drawing drawing is ok did not show
e drawing is is Neat and and some any of the ideas
very Neat and ideas are ideas are needed.
ideas are well defined defined
defined

All of the Most of the Some of the The work is

elements of elements of elements of unorganized, it
Over all impressionism impressionis impressionis did not show
performance was m was m was creativity and
organized and organized organized was poorly
very well and very well and very well presented
presented presented presented

WEEK 6
MUSIC: OTHER ARTS AND MEDIA THAT PORTRAY 20TH CENTURY ELEMENTS
(ELECTRONIC AND CHANCE MUSIC)

Because of the advancement of science and technology and the invention of

electronic devices such as tape recorders, amplifiers, etc. many artist and musicians
where able to experiment not only with music but with other artforms thus opening an
avenue for renewed creativity and freedom of expression. With this development, music
of the 20th Century has become a new and unique artform on its own.

Musical styles such as Electronic and Chance music is a perfect example of this
development. “Everything that we can do is music” by John Cage as seen in City
Symphony https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hrDNGmAigU this idea strongly
influenced the radical compositions that this experimental musical style has produced,
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their music is truly unique and innovative. They experimented with the element of
rhythm, melody, harmony, tempo and timbre in daring way never attempted before, this
expanded the concept of music far beyond the conventions of earlier periods, and
challenge both the new composers and the listening public.

ELECTRONIC MUSIC
The first electronic devices for performing music in the history of electronic music,
were developed at the end of 19th century. Shortly afterward Italian futurists explored
sounds that had previously not been considered musical. During the 1920’s and 1930’s,
electronic instruments were introduced and the first compositions for electronic
instruments were composed. By 1940’s magnetic audio tape allowed musicians to tape
sounds and then modify them by changing the tape speed or direction. Musique
concrete was created in Paris in 1948. It was based on editing together recorded
fragments of natural and industrial sounds. Music produced in Germany in 1953.

CHANCE MUSIC
Originates from the Latin word "alea" which means "dice". Aleatoric/Chance is
music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary
element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer(s).
The term is most often associated with procedures in which the chance element involves
a relatively limited number of possibilities

For reference please click on the following examples of this music:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k85mRPqvMbE (sample electronic music)
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqxMgC7C3po (Poeme electronique by
Edgard Varese)
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13D1YY_BvWU (Helicopter String Quartet by
Karlhenz Stockhousen)
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWVUp12XPpU (4’33 by John Cage)

ACTIVITY

Performance Task for Modular & Online Learner (for Music/Arts)

Activity 1: JUST EXPESS IT…
Direction: In a piece of paper, express what you feel through painting while
listening to any music resembling an examples of electronic and chance
music, using any styles of Abstract Expressionism (Action Painting,
OpArt, Color Field, PopArt, and Conceptual Art) you may refer to your
lesson in Art week 6.
Use this format:

Name: Grade & Sec

Date:

Title of the Song: (indicate if it’s an Elecronic or Chance music)

Style used: (what syle did you use)

(Title of your work)

Rubrics for the activity

Criteria Excellent Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Needs
(10pts) (8pts) (5pts) Improvement
(3pts)
Interpretatio The characteristic of the The characteristic The The characteristic
n Music perfectly matches of the Music characteristic of of the Music did
with the idea on the matches with the the Music barely not match with
painting idea on the matches with the idea on the
painting the idea on the painting
painting

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Artistry The musical style and The musical style The musical The musical style
painting technique was and painting style and and painting
brilliantly and properly technique was painting technique was not
applied and properly technique was applied
applied applied
functuality The output was The output was The output was The output was
submitted ahead of time submitted on time barely submitted submitted not on
on time time
Attention to The art work is very The art work is The art work is The art work is
details neat and clean neat and clean clean not clean
TOTAL
POINTS
SCORE

Remarks

REMEMBER
Keep in mind the following terms for you to understand the lesson.

Let’s Recall

The early half of the 20th century also gave rise to new musical styles,
which were not quite as extreme as the electronic, chance, and minimalist
styles that arose later. These new styles were impressionism, expressionism,
neo-classicism, avant garde music, and modern nationalism.

Impressionism made use of the whole-tone scale. It also applied suggested,

rather than depicted, reality. It created a mood rather than a definite picture.

Expressionism revealed the composer’s mind, instead of presenting an

impression of the environment. It used atonality and the twelve-tone scale,
lacking stable and conventional harmonies. It served as a medium for
expressing strong emotions, such as anxiety, rage, and alienation.

Neo-classicism was a partial return to a classical form of writing music with

carefully modulated dissonances. It made use of a freer seven-note diatonic
scale.

The avant garde style was associated with electronic music and dealt with
the parameters dimensions of sound in space.

Modern nationalism is a looser form of 20th century music development

focused on nationalist composers and musical innovators who sought to
combine modern techniques with folk materials.

Tuhe new musical styles created by 20th century classical composers

were truly unique and innovative. They experimented with the elements of
rhythm, melody, harmony, tempo, and timbre in daring ways never
attempted before. Some even made use of
electronic devices such as synthesizers, tape recorders, amplifiers, and the
like to introduce and enhance sounds beyond those available with traditional
instruments. Among the resulting new styles were electronic music and
chance music. These expanded the
concept of music far beyond the conventions of earlier periods, and
challenged both the new composers and the listening public.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Read and analyze the questions very carefully. Choose the best
answer and write it in your MAPEH notebook.

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__________1. If you will categorize a music that creates a mood rather than a
definite picture and lacks dominant-tonic relationship it will be a?
a. Chance Music b. Expressionism
c. Impressionism d. Neo-Classicism

__________2. Which of the following is a characteristic of Expressionism?

a. strong emotion c. translucent and hazy texture
b. partial return to classical d. associated with electronic music
__________3. Rolando wants to create a musical style associated with
electronic music and deals with the parameters or dimension of sound in
space he is doing?
a. Avant-garde b. Neoclassicism
C. Electronic Music d. Impressionism
__________4. Which of the paintings created by Claude Monet influenced the
origin of impressionism?
A. Starry night C. Women with parasol
B. Impression, Sunrise D. Female nude
__________5. Illustrate a music that uses a twelve-tone scale?
A. Music that is soft and nice
B. music that is Classical sounding
C. it is a music with a high level of dissonance
D. Music that is well balanced
__________6. He is a 20th century composer that uses Hungarian folk themes
and rhythms, also utilized changing meters and adopted syncopation in his
music?
A. Arnold Schoenberg C. Maurice Ravel
B. Bela Bartok D. Igor Stravinsky

_______7. John Cage was known for his chance music while_____ is known as
the―Father of Electronic Music?
A. Claude Debussy C. Edgard Varese
B. Philip Glass D. Bela Bartok

________8. You create a piano composition where you just sit in front of the
piano for four minutes and thirty-three seconds you're actually doing the.
A. Stare C. Sit in front of piano
B. 4’33” D. Sound of silence
________9. Choose from the following composer who has the title of―Father
of American Jazz Music?
A. Philip Glass C. Maurice Ravel
B. George Gershwin D. Leonard Bernstein

________10.” French and thoroughly French”which of the following describes

this style.
A. Impressionism B. Expressionism C. Primitivism

________11. It is described as the 20th century style that seeks to express

ideas or images related to antiquity or to some culture or attitude.
A. Impressionism B. Expressionism C. Primitivism

________12. the following musical innovations are formed in the 20th

century except:_____
A. The use of altered chords and extended chords
B. The development of powerful, loud guitar amplifiers
C. the use of classical music as the foundation of all music

________13.When you play the scale Do, Re, Mi So La. You are playing the
a. whole tone scale b. pentatonic scale
c. 12 tone scale d. diatonic scale
_________14. Describe “Claire de Lune”. By Claude Debussy
a. It's about the Moon b. It tells about the Sunshine
C. it is the Four Seasons d. it is the Mirror

_________15. Filipino composer who also used impressionism in his music

a. Claude Debussy b. Nicanor Abelardo
c. Igor Stravinsky d. Antonio Molina

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