Industrial & Marine Engines

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
When working on the engine, e.g. when adjusting the belts, changing oil or adjusting the clutch it is
important that the engine does not start. The engine may be damaged but above all there is -
! SERIOUS RISK OF INJURY.
For this reason, always secure the starting device or disconnect a battery cable
before working on the engine.
This is especially important if the engine has a remote starter or automatic starting.
This warning symbol and text is reproduced beside those maintenance points where it is
especially important to consider the risk of injury.

Operator’s Manual
DI14
Marine engine
opm96-14m en 1 588 297
2001-05:1

START-UP REPORT - WARRANTY

When the start-up report has been filled in and sent to Scania there is a 1 year warranty starting from
the start-up date. Also enter the below information since this will facilitate contacts with e.g. service
workshops.

Engine number

Start-up date

User’s name and address

Signature
Engine type
Variant

Engine type and variant are indicated on the engine type plate
FOREWORD
This operator’s manual describes the operation and maintenance of the Scania
DI14 marine engines. The instructions apply to engines in program 96, start-
ing with engine number 5 562 819.
The engines are direct injection, fluid-cooled, four-stroke diesel engines with
8 cylinders in a V-configuration. The engines are available with or without
charge air cooler, see page 10.
The engines may have two different cooling systems, a heat exchanger which
is cooled by sea water or keel cooling which has cooling coils on the keel in
which the engine coolant is cooled.
Common areas of usage include propulsion engines in boats like patrol boats
and fishing boats, larger pleasure craft or propulsion engines or aggregate
engines on board ships.
The engines have different output and speed settings and can be classified in
different classification socities (classed engines must be used in certain
marine installations).
The normal output setting of the engine (performance code) is indicated on
the type plate, see page 10.
Note Only standard components are described in the operator’s man-
ual. Regarding special equipment, refer to the instructions of the
relevant manufacturer.

In order to obtain the best value and service life from your engine, there are a
few points to bear in mind:
- Read the manual before starting to use the engine. You will find new
information in this Operator’s Manual even if you have previous
experience of Scania engines.
- Follow the maintenance instructions. Proper maintenance is essential to
keep the engine operating correctly and to increase engine life.
- Pay special attention to the safety information beginning on page 6.
- Get to know your engine so that you know what it can do and how it
works.
- Whenever necessary, always contact an authorised Scania workshop.
During the warranty period,
They have special tools, genuine Scania parts and trained staff with
practical experience of Scania engines. only use genuine Scania parts in
service and repair for the
Note: Always use genuine Scania parts in service and repair to keep the warranty to be valid.
engine operating correctly.
The information in this manual was correct at the time of going to press.
However, we reserve the right to make changes at any time, without prior
notice.

Scania CV AB
Industrial and Marine Engines
S-151 87 Södertälje

2 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 CONTENTS
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 AIR CLEANER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 READING THE
LOW PRESSURE INDICATOR . . . . . . . . . . . .32
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY . . . . . .4
CLEANING THE AIR CLEANER
CERTIFIED ENGINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 COARSE CLEANER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
SAFETY DETAILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 CLEANING OR CHANGING THE
Safety precautions for operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Safety precautions for handling materials . . . . .8 CHANGING SAFETY CARTRIDGE . . . . . . . .34
Safety precautions for care and maintenance . . 8 FUEL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
TYPE DESIGNATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 CHECKING FUEL LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
STARTING AND RUNNING . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CHANGING THE FUEL FILTER . . . . . . . . . . .35
AT FIRST START . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 CHECKING THE INJECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
CHECKS BEFORE RUNNING . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
STARTING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 CHECKING THE
At temperatures below 0 °C: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 ELECTROLYTE LEVEL IN BATTERIES . . . .37
RUNNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 CHECKING THE STATE OF CHARGE
Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 IN BATTERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Coolant temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 CLEANING BATTERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Oil pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 CHECKING THE COOLANT
LEVEL MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
STOPPING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
CHECKING THE TEMPERATURE
Emergency stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
CHECKING TEMPERATURE SENSOR . . . . . 39
CHECKS AFTER RUNNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
CHECKING THE STOP FEATURE . . . . . . . . .40
MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 CHECKING THE STOP SOLENOID . . . . 41
ENGINES WITH FEW HOURS Plunger end position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Check the stop arm on
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 the injection pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . 20 CHANGING BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
OIL GRADE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
MISCELLANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Oil analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
CHECK/TENSION V-BELTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
CHECKING OIL LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
CHECKING FOR LEAKAGE, RECTIFY AS
Checking oil level during operation . . . . . . . .21 NECESSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
OIL CHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 CHECK/ ADJUST
Maximum angle of inclination during VALVE CLEARANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CHANGING (OR CLEANING) VALVE FOR
CLEANING THE OIL CLEANER . . . . . . . . . . 22 CLOSED CRANKCASE VENTILATION . . . .45
CHANGING THE TURBO FILTER . . . . . . . . .24 LONG-TERM STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Preservative fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
CHECKING COOLANT LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . .24 Preservative oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
CHECKING CORROSION BARS . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Preparations for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
CHECKING THE SEAWATER PUMP Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
IMPELLER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
CHECKING THE COOLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Taking out of storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Checking glycol content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Checking Protection against corrosion . . . . . . 28
FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Changing coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
CLEANING THE COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . 29 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Internal cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Preventive replacement of coolant pump gear
wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

©
2001-05:1 Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 3
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Scania has always been at the forefront in the development and production of
environmentally safe engines.
We have made great progress in reducing harmful exhaust emissions to be
able to meet the stringent emission standards that are mandatory for almost
all markets.
We have done this without compromising the high quality of Scania
industrial and marine engines in terms of performance and cost effective
operation.
To maintain these superior properties throughout the life of the engine it is
important that the operator/owner follows the instructions of this manual as
regards operation, maintenance and choice of fuel and lubricants.
To further contribute to protecting the environment in service, maintenance
and repair, ensure that harmful waste (oil, fuel, coolant, filters, batteries etc.)
is disposed of and destroyed according to applicable local regulations.
This operator’s manual contains highlighted text urging you to protect the
environment in different service and maintenance operations. Always use suitable containers
to avoid spillage when bleeding
Refer to example systems or renewing
components.

4 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

CERTIFIED ENGINES
An emission certified engine has been approved according to a specific
certification standard. The certified engines delivered by Scania meet the
most compelling emission standards in the European (EU) and non-European
(USA) markets.
Scania guarantees that all engines of a certified engine type that are delivered,
correspond to the engine approved for certification.
The engine is fitted with a certification plate, stating according to which
certification rules (standard) the engine has been approved. Refer to page 10.
The following is required for the engine to meet the emission standards after
being commissioned:
- Service and maintenance must be performed according to this
Operator’s Manual.
- Only genuine Scania parts must be used.
- Service work on the injection equipment must be performed by an
authorized Scania workshop.
- The engine must not be modified with equipment not approved by
Scania.
- Seals and setting data may only be broken/modified after approval by
Scania, Södertälje. Changes should only be made by qualified
personnel.
- Changes affecting the exhaust system and intake system must be
approved by Scania.
Otherwise, follow the instructions in this manual for operation, care and
maintenance of the engine. Also observe the safety precautions described in
the following four pages.

Important! If service and maintenance are not performed as stated

above, Scania cannot guarantee that the engine corresponds
to the certified configuration and will not assume liability for
any damage occurring.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 5

SAFETY DETAILS
General
This Operator’s Manual contains safety information that must be observed in
order to avoid personal injuries and damage to the product or property. Refer
to page 1.
The text boxes to the right on the pages provide information that is important Only use Scania genuine fuel
for the proper operation of the engine and to avoid damage to the engine.
Failure to follow these instructions may void the warranty. filter.
Refer to example.
Corresponding texts may also appear in the text column, headed Caution! or
Important

The warning text in text boxes to the right on the pages provided with a
warning triangle and headed WARNING is extremely important and warns Immobilise the starting device
of serious defects to the engine or improper handling that may lead to when working on the engine.
personal injury.
If the engine starts out of
Refer to example control, there is a
SERIOUS RISK
OF INJURY.

The safety precautions that must be observed in the operation and

maintenance of Scania engines are compiled on the following three pages.
The corresponding text is also often stated next to the maintenance step
concerned, shown with different degrees of significance as described above.
All items are marked with a ! to highlight the importance of reading each
item in the section.
A general safety rule is that no smoking is allowed:
• Near the engine and the engine bay

• When refuelling and near the filling station

• When work is performed on the fuel system

• Near flammable or explosive materials (fuel, oils, batteries, chemicals

etc.)

6 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 Safety precautions for operation

Daily inspection Starter lock

Always perform visual inspection of the engine If the control panel is not fitted with a key
and engine bay before the engine is started and switch, the engine bay should be fitted with a
when the engine has been stopped after oper- lock to prevent unauthorized starting of the en-
ation. gine.
This will make it easy to detect any leakage of Alternatively, a lockable main switch or battery
fuel, oil or coolant or any other abnormal condi- master switch may be used.
tion that may require remedial action.

Starting spray
Refuelling Never use starting spray or similar as a starting
When refuelling, there is a risk of fire and explo- aid. An explosion may occur in the intake pipe,
sion. The engine must be stopped and smoking which could cause personal injury.
is not allowed.
Do not overfill the tank, since the fuel may ex-
pand, and close the fuel filler cap properly. Operation
Only use fuel recommended in the service The engine should not be operated in environ-
literature. Fuel of an incorrect grade may cause ments with surrounding explosive materials
malfunctions or stoppage by interfering with the since electrical or mechanical components of
operation of the fuel injection pump and the in- the engine may emit sparks.
jectors. It is always a safety hazard to be near an en-
This could cause engine damage and possibly gine that is running. Body parts or clothing, or a
personal injury. dropped tool may get stuck in rotating parts,
such as the fan, causing bodily injury.
Always cover rotating parts and hot surfaces as
Harmful gases much as possible to ensure personal safety.
Only start the engine in a properly ventilated ar-
ea. The exhaust emissions contain carbon
monoxide and nitrogen oxides that are toxic.
When operating the engine in an enclosed ar-
ea, an effective extraction device for exhaust
gases and crankcase gases must be used.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 7

Safety precautions for handling Safety precautions for care and
materials maintenance
Fuel and lubrication oil Stop the engine
All fuels and lubricants as well as many chemi- Always stop the engine before any mainte-
cals are flammable. Always follow the instruc- nance and service work unless otherwise
tions stated on the container. stated.
All work on the fuel system must be performed Prevent unauthorized starting by removing the
when the engine is cold. Fuel leakage and spill- starter key and turning off the power by the
age on hot surfaces may cause fire. main switch or the battery disconnect switch,
Store drenched rags and other flammable ma- locking it in the off position. Also attach a warn-
terials in a safe way to avoid spontaneous com- ing tag, stating that work on the engine is in
bustion. progress, at a suitable location.
It is always a safety hazard to work on an en-
gine that is running. Parts of your body or cloth-
Batteries ing, or a dropped tool may get stuck in rotating
Batteries, particularly when being recharged, parts, causing bodily injury.
emit highly flammable fumes that can explode.
Do not smoke or let open flame or sparks come
near the batteries or the battery compartment. Hot surfaces and fluids
Incorrect connection of a battery cable or jump A hot engine always presents a risk of scalding.
start cable may cause a spark, which in tun may Always take care not to touch the exhaust
cause the battery to explode. manifold, turbocharger, oil pan, hot coolant and
oil in pipes and hoses.

Chemicals
Lifting the engine
Most chemicals, such as glycol, corrosion in-
hibitors, preservation oils, degreasers etc. are Use the engine lifting eyes when lifting the
hazardous. Always follow the safety precau- engine. First check that the lifting equipment is
tions stated on the container. in proper condition and has sufficient lift capac-
ity rating.
Some chemicals, e.g. preservative oil, are
flammable. Auxiliary equipment fitted to the engine may
cause the centre of gravity to be displaced.
Always store chemicals and other hazardous Thus, additional lift devices may be required in
materials in approved and distinctly marked order to provide proper balance and a safe lift.
containers and out of reach of unauthorized
persons. Always dispose of superfluous or Never work below a suspended engine!
used chemicals through an authorized waste
disposal contractor.
Batteries
Batteries contain a highly corrosive electrolyte
(sulphuric acid). Always take care to protect
your eyes, skin and clothing when charging and
handling batteries. Wear protective gloves and
goggles.
If electrolyte splashes on the skin, wash the
affected part of the body with soap and plenty
of water. If electrolyte splashes into the eyes,
rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water and
seek medical attention.
Dispose of used batteries through an author-
ized waste disposal contractor.

8 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 Electrical system Cooling system
Before work is performed on the electrical sys- Never open the coolant filler cap while the en-
tem, turn off the power by the main switch or the gine is hot. Steam and hot coolant can come
battery disconnect switch. out forcefully and cause scalding.
Also disconnect any external power supply to If the cooling system must still opened or disas-
auxiliary equipment on the engine. sembled while the engine is hot, open the filler
cap very cautiously and slowly to release the
pressure before the cap is removed. Use
Arc Welding gloves since the coolant is still very hot.
Before welding near or on the engine, remove Dispose of used coolant through an authorized
the battery and alternator cables. Also remove waste disposal contractor.
the control unit connector.
Connect the weld clamp to the component to be
welded, close to the weld location. Never con- Fuel system
nect it to the engine or in such a way that the Always use gloves when checking for leaks in
current can pass through a bearing. or performing other work on the fuel system. Al-
After the welding is completed, connect the ca- ways wear eye protection when testing injec-
bles to the alternator and the control unit before tors.
connecting the batteries. Fuel escaping under high pressure can pene-
trate body tissue and cause serious injury.
Never use non-genuine parts in the fuel system
Lubrication system and the electrical system. Genuine parts are
Hot oil may cause scalding and skin irritation. designed and manufactured to minimize fire
Avoid skin contact with hot oil. and explosion hazard.
Make sure that the pressure in the lubrication
system is relieved before work is carried out.
Never start or operate the engine with the oil fill- Before starting
er cap removed since oil will be ejected force- Install any guards that have been removed be-
fully. fore the engine is started. Check to ensure that
Dispose of used oil through an authorized no tools or other objects have been left on the
waste disposal contractor. engine.
Never start the engine unless the air filter is in-
stalled. Otherwise there is a risk of objects en-
tering the compressor wheel or a risk of
personal injury from contact with it.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 9

TYPE DESIGNATIONS
The engine designation indicates, in the form of a code, the type of engine, its
size and intended use, etc.
The type designation and engine serial number are indicated on a type plate
affixed to the right-hand side of the engine.The engine number is also stam-
ped in the engine block beside the first cylinder head.
Engines that are certified regarding smoke and emissions are fitted with a cer-
tification plate specifying the documents they conform to. The plate is fitted
to rocker cover number four from the front on the right hand side.

DI 14 74 M 31 S LR

Type
DI Turbocharged diesel engine with liquid-cooled charge air cooler

Displacement in whole dm3

Performance and certification code
Indicates, together with the application code, the normal gross engine
output.
The actual output setting of the engine is indicated on the engine card.

Application
M For marine use

Variant 01-99

Governor type
D Electronically controlled auxiliary governor
S RSV, all-speed and single-speed governor
T RQ, single-speed governor

Classification society (applies to classed engines)

ABS American Bureau of Shipping
BV Bureau Veritas
GL Germanischer Lloyd
LR Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
DNV Dwt Norske Veritas
RINA Registro Italiano Navale
SjöV Sjöfartsverket

10 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 22 5 3 10 1 6 12 19 23 22

21

22
20

22 8 13 7 4
9

24

17 18
9 15 14 11 9
The drawings illustrate a common type of DI14 engine.
Your engine may have other equipment not shown here.
1. Type designation plate 10. Turbocharger 19. Oil filling
2. Engine number, 11. Injection pump 20. Sea water pump
stamped in engine block 12. Fuel filter 21. Heat exchanger
3. Oil cooler 13. Starter motor 22. Protective anodes
4. Oil dipstick 14. Alternator 23. Exp. tank with pressure cap
5. Oil cleaner 15. Fan belt adjustment 24. Oil pressure monitor
6. Oil filter, turbo 16. Inspection hatch, coolant
7. Draining, engine oil pump
8. Coolant pump 17. Inspection holes, engine block
9. Charge air cooler 18. Draining, coolant

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 11

STARTING AND RUNNING
AT FIRST START Coolant composition:
When the engine is started for the first time, follow the maintenance points
listed under "First start" in the maintenance schedule, see page 19.
If there is a danger of freezing:
Since the points are important for satisfactory operation of the engine right minimum 30% glycol by volume
from the outset, they are also listed below.
maximum 60 % glycol by volume
1. Checking the oil level (see page 21).
8. Checking the coolant (see page 26). If there is no danger of freezing:
The coolant should contain corrosion inhibitor to protect the cooling 7-12% by volume
system from corrosion. Scania Anti-corrosive
If there is a danger of freezing: (no glycol)
- Only anti-freeze glycol should be used in the coolant as protection
against corrosion. We recommend only nitrite-free anti-freeze glycol
with the following supplier designations:
BASF G48-24 or BASF D542
- The concentration of glycol should be 30 - 60% by volume depending Ethylene glycol and corrosion
on the ambient temperature. 30% glycol by volume provides anti-freeze inhibitor, if swallowed can be
protection down to -16 °C. See page 26. fatal.
- The concentration of glycol should be 30 - 60% by volume depending Avoid contact with the skin.
on the ambient temperature. A content of 30 % by volume provides pro-
tection down to -16 °C. See page 26.
- Never top up with only water or only glycol. Fluid losses must always
be replaced with pre-mixed coolant having the same glycol concentra-
tion as that in the engine. If the glycol content drops, both anti-freeze
protection and protection against corrosion are impaired. The recommended glycol must
not be mixed with glycol having
Note A glycol concentration below 30% by volume will not provide suf- nitrite-based anti-corrosive.
ficient protection against corrosion. Glycol concentrations higher
than 60% do not improve anti-freeze protection and have a nega-
tive effect on engine cooling capacity.
If there is no danger of freezing:
- Only Scania Anti-corrosive should be used in the coolant as protection
against corrosion. The correct corrosion inhibitor content is 7-12% by The use of too much Scania
volume and must never be less than 7% by volume. The inhibitor in Sca- Anti-corrosive as mixed with
nia Anti-corrosive is free of nitrite. glycol may cause deposits.
- First filling: Fill the cooling system with water + 10% by volume of
Scania Anti-corrosive. Use drinkable water with a pH value of 6 - 9.
- Never top up with only water or only anti-corrosive! Fluid losses
must always be replaced with premixed coolant:
water + 10 % by volume of Scania Anti-corrosive. If a coolant filter has been fitted
Coolant filter (not standard equipment) it must not contain inhibitor.
Only coolant filter without inhibitor may be used. The use of coolant filters
increases the life of the coolant and reduces the risk of deposition corrosion.

12 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 14. Checking the fuel level (see page 35).
17. Checking theelectrolyte level in batteries (see page 37).
18. Checking the state of charge in batteries (see page 37).
20. Checking the coolant level monitor (see page 38).
Immobilise the starting device
21. Checking the temperature monitor (see page 39). when working on the engine.
22. Checking the oil pressure monitor (see page 40). If the engine starts out of
control, there is a
23. Checking stop feature (see page 40).
SERIOUS RISK
24. Checking v-belt tension (see page 42). OF INJURY.

CHECKS BEFORE RUNNING

Before running, ”Daily maintenance” as described in the maintenance sche-
dule should be carried out, see page 19.

STARTING THE ENGINE

If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine has not been used for a long
time, bleed the fuel system, see page 35. Only start the engine in a
Out of consideration for our common environment, your new Scania engine properly ventilated area.
has been designed to use a smaller amount of fuel when starting. Using When operating the engine in
unnecessarily large amounts of fuel when starting the engine always results in an enclosed area, an effective
the discharge of unburnt fuel.
extraction device for exhaust
- Engines with mechanical stop control: Set the stop control to operating gases and crankcase gases
position. must be used.
- Open fuel valve (if fitted).
- Declutch the engine (does not apply to engines with fixed clutch, e.g.
gensets).
- Engines with battery master switch: Switch on the power using the bat-
tery master switch.
- Set the speed control to raised idling. (Does not apply to gensets) Never use starting spray or
- Start the engine. similar as a starting aid.
Starting at low temperatures An explosion may occur in the
intake pipe, which could cause
Local environmental requirements must be complied with. Starting aids, personal injury.
engine heaters and/or flame start devices should be used to avoid starting
problems and white smoke.
To limit white smoke, the engine should be run at low speed and under mode-
rate load. Avoid running it longer than necessary at idling speed.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 13

At temperatures below 0 °C:
Note Only use starting aids recommended by Scania.
- The starter motor may only be used for 30 seconds at a time. After that
time it must rest for 2 minutes.
If the engine has flame start:
- Operating flame start without timer relay: Press the control button,
which also acts as a pre-glow button (max. 20 seconds). The glow plug
continues to glow as long as this button is depressed after the engine has
started. Maximum time is 5 minutes. Maximum starter engagement
- Operating flame start with timer relay: Press the pre-glow button time is 30 seconds. Risk of
(a maximum of 20 seconds). Release it when the engine starts. The timer overheating. Allow starter to
relay keeps the glow plug glowing for 5 minutes. If a shorter glow time cool for 2 minutes after a
is required, press the release button. The key must be set to the starting attempt before
0 position if the start attempt fails.
cranking again.
Note If the engine is equipped with an INTERLOCK switch, this
switch should be depressed and held down until the oil pressure
has reached a sufficiently high level.
- Generator sets should be operated under load immediately after starting
to avoid the risk of white smoke. This applies in particular to engines
that have been installed without aids for heating or applying a basic
load.
- Set the appropriate idle speed before the engine reaches 1,000 rpm (does
not apply to gensets).
- Warm up the engine with a light load. A light load on a cold engine
gives better combustion and faster heating than warming up with no
load.

14 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

RUNNING
Check instruments and warning lamps at regular intervals.

Speed
The Scania tachometer is divided into sectors of different colours, as follows.

0 - 500 rpm red area: prohibited engine speed, passed when

stopping and starting.
500 - 700 rpm yellow area: low idle.
700 - 2200 rpm green area: normal operating speed.
Highest torque and lowest fuel consump-
tion at 1400 - 1600 rpm. Low operating
speed gives less engine wear.
2200 - 2600 rpm yellow/ unsuitable operating speed. May occur
green when switching off.
striped:
2600 - 3000 rpm red area: prohibited engine speed

Coolant temperature
Correct coolant temperature during operation:
70 - 93 °C for system at atmospheric pressure.
70 - about 100 °C for system with positive pressure.
High coolant temperature leads to engine damage. Reduce the load on the
engine in order to lower the temperature. If the temperature does not drop,
stop the engine and look for the fault.
During long periods of operation with very low power take-off, the engine
may have difficulty in reaching 70 °C. However, if the load is increased, tem-
perature will rise.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 15

Oil pressure
Max. oil pressure:
warm engine running at a speed above 800 rpm 6 bar
Normal oil pressure:
warm engine running at operating speed 3 - 6 bar
High lubricating oil pressure
Min. oil pressure:
(above 6 bar) is normal when
warm engine running at 800 rpm 0.7 bar starting a cold engine.
At speeds below 800 rpm the gauge may show low oil pressure although no
fault is present.
Oil pressure below 0.7 bar at speeds above 800 rpm will cause engine
damage. The engine must be stopped immediately.
Charging indicator lamp
If the lamp comes on during operation:
- Check/adjust the alternator drive belts as described under the mainte-
nance point. See page 42.
- If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this could be due to an alterna-
tor fault or a fault in the electrical system.

STOPPING THE ENGINE

1. Run the engine without a load for a few minutes if it has been run con-
tinuously with a heavy load.

2. Stop the engine using the stop control. Engines with a stop solenoid and
fuel shut-off valve are stopped using the stop button. Hold the stop but- There is danger of turbo damage
ton depressed until the engine has fully stopped.
and post boiling if the engine is
3. Engines with battery master switch: Cut the power using the battery stopped without cooling.
master switch. (Does not apply to emergency power back-up units).

4. Set the control switch to 0. (Does not apply to emergency power back-
up units).
The power must not be switched
Emergency stop off before the engine has
The stop solenoid linkage system has a knob marked ”STOP”. Pull the lin- stopped.
kage system to the stop position using this knob if it is not possible to stop the
engine using the stop solenoid.

16 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

Clutch
- See the manufacturer’s instructions for handling and operating the
clutch.
WARNING If the clutch output shaft is rotating (e.g. in multiple
engine installations where other engines are running), the clutch
can, under its own power, be drawn to the engaged position.
THIS CAN CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY and engine damage.
For this reason, always secure the clutch in the disengaged posi-
tion if there is a risk of the output shaft starting to rotate.

CHECKS AFTER RUNNING

- Check that the power is cut from the battery master switch and that the
control switch is in the "0" position.
- Fill the fuel tank. Make sure that the filler cap and the area round the Immobilise the starting device
filler opening are clean to avoid contamination of the fuel. when working on the engine.
- If there is a risk of freezing, the cooling system must be drained if it If the engine starts out of
does not contain a sufficient amount of glycol, refer to page 26. control, there is a
- Close inlet valve for the sea water system (if fitted). SERIOUS RISK
OF INJURY.
- If there is danger of freezing the sea water system must be emptied.
- At temperatures below 0 °C: Prepare for the next start by connecting the
engine heater (if fitted).

Top up engine coolant when the

engine has been stopped after
being started for the first time.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 17

MAINTENANCE
The maintenance programme covers 27 points, divided into the following
main groups:
Lubrication oil system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 20
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 24
Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 32
Fuel system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 35
Electrical system, monitors, batteries etc. . . page 37 Immobilise the starting device
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 42 when working on the engine.
If the engine starts out of
The maintenance points are divided into intervals as follows: control, there is a
Daily maintenance SERIOUS RISK
Maintenance before first start
OF INJURY
Maintenance after the first 400 hours of operation
Periodic maintenance every 200 hours of operation (carried out after 200,
400, 600, 800 etc. hours)
Periodic maintenance after every 400 hours of operation (carried out after
400, 800, 1200, 1600 etc. hours)
Periodic maintenance after every 1,200 hours of operation (carried out after
1,200, 2,400, 3,600 etc. hours)
Periodic maintenance after every 2,400 hours of operation (carried out after
2,400, 4,800 etc. hours)
Periodic maintenance after every 4,800 hours of operation (carried out after
4,800, 9,600 etc. hours)
Annual every year
Maintenance every 5th year

ENGINES WITH FEW HOURS

OF OPERATION
Emergency back-up power units and the like which are not used regularly
should be test run and checked according to the unit manufacturer’s instruc-
tions.
The engine is run to operating temperature and the maintenance points below
should be carried out:
1. Checking oil level.
For engines with few operating
5. Checking coolant level.
hours that are not subject to
10. Checking low pressure indicator. periodic maintenance according
14. Checking fuel level. to the maintenance schedule on
page 19, maintenance should be
17. Checking electrolyte level in batteries.
carried out in accordance with
18. Checking battery charge. the schedule:
19. Cleaning batteries. "Every year"
25. Look for leaks. Remedy as necessary "Every 5 years"

18 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
First Interval At least
time at

Every 5th year

At first start

Every year
1200 h

2400 h

4800 h
400 h

200 h

400 h
Daily
LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM, page 20
1. Checking oil level l l
2. Oil change l1 l
3. Cleaning the lubrication oil cleaner l1 l
4. Changing the turbo filter l1 l
COOLING SYSTEM, page 24
5. Checking coolant level l
6. Checking corrosion protection rods 4) l5 l
7. Checking seawater pump impeller 4) l5 l
8. Checking coolant l l6 l6
9. Cleaning cooling system l1 l
AIR CLEANER, page 32
10. Test reading low pressure indicator l
11. Cleaning coarse cleaner l1 l
12. Cleaning or changing filter insert l3 l
13. Changing safety cartridge l l
FUEL SYSTEM, page 35
14. Checking fuel level l l
15. Changing main filter l1 l
16. Checking injectors l l
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM, page 37
17. Checking electrolyte level in batteries l l2 l
18. Checking charge state of batteries l l2 l
19. Cleaning batteries l2 l
20. Checking level monitor l l l
21. Checking temperature monitor l l l
22. Checking oil pressure monitor l l l
23. Checking stop function l l l
MISCELLANEOUS, page 42
24. Checking V-belts l l l
25. Look for leaks. Remedy as necessary l
26. Checking/adjusting valve clearance. l l
27. Changing (or cleaning) valve for closed crankcase l
ventilation

1. More often if required

2. For engines with few operating hours, see page 18.
3. Earlier if low pressure indicator shows red.
4. Applies only to M engines with seawater pump.
5. Guidline values. Vary according to composition of seawater.
6. If inhibitor has not been topped up for five years, coolant should be changed.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 19

LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM
OIL GRADE
The engine oil must at least meet the requirements for one of the following
oil classifications:
-ACEA E3, E4 or E5
- The Total Base Number (TBN) should be minimum 12-13
(ASTM 2896).
- Check with your oil supplier that the oil meets these requirements.
- The specified oil change intervals apply provided that the fuel sulphur Additives must not be used.
content does not exceed 0.3% by weight. If the sulphur content exceeds The oil should be suitable for all
0.3 % but is maximum 1.0%, the oil change intervals must be halved temperature variations until the
(200 h). next oil change.
- Viscosities as illustrated below.
- For operation at extremely low ambient temperature: Consult your
nearest Scania representative on how to avoid starting difficulties.

Oil analysis
Some oil companies can offer analysis of the engine oil. Such analysis
measures the oil TBN (Total Base Number), TAN (Total Acid Number), fuel
dilution, water content, viscosity and the quantity of friction particles and
soot in the oil.
The result of a series of analyses is used as the basis for establishing a
suitable oil change interval.
If the conditions are changed, a new oil analysis programme must be carried
out to establish the new change interval.

-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 °C

SAE 20W-30

SAE 30

SAE 40

SAE 50

SAE 5W-30

SAE 10W-30

SAE 15W-40

20 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 1. Daily:
CHECKING OIL LEVEL
Note Before checking oil level: Allow the engine to remain stopped for
at least 1 minute.
- The correct level is between the marks on the dipstick. Top up when the
level is at the lower mark.
- Correct type, see ”Oil grade”, page 20.

Checking oil level during operation

On some engines, oil level can be checked during operation.
- Remove the oil filler cap to release the pressure in the crankcase.
- Check the level on the dipstick. Correct oil level: 10 mm below
Min. or Max. mark.

10 mm
10 mm

2. Every 400 hours:

OIL CHANGE
Note Under extremely severe operating conditions, especially in dusty
environment or if the deposits in the centrifugal cleaner are
thicker than 20 mm: change oil more frequently. Max 30 dm3
- Pump out the oil with the oil bilge pump when the engine is warm. Min 25 dm3
- Fill up with new oil.
- Check the level on the dipstick.
Max 26 dm3
Min 20dm3
WARNING
The oil may be hot.
Wear protective gloves and
goggles Always use a suitable container
to avoid spillage when
changing oil.
Maximum angle of inclination during operation Dispose of used oil through an
Maximum permissible angles during operation vary, depending on the type of authorized waste disposal
oil sump, see illustration. contractor.
Note Specified angle may only occur intermittently.

15° 18°

45° 35°
30° 30°

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 21

 3. Every 400 hours:
CLEANING THE OIL CLEANER
(at same time as oil change)

- Unscrew the nut and remove the cover.

Open the cap carefully. The

oil may be hot.

- Lift out the rotor and slacken the rotor bowl retaining nut three turns.

- If the nut is jammed:

Clamp the nut, never the rotor, in a vice and turn the rotor three turns by
hand or with a screwdriver.

- Tap the nut lightly with your hand or a plastic hammer, to detach the
rotor bowl from the bottom plate.

- Unscrew the nut and remove the rotor bowl.

- Prise carefully to detach the strainer from the bottom plate.

- Scrape off the deposits from the inside of the rotor bowl. If there are no
deposits, this indicates that the cleaner is not working properly.
- If the deposits are thicker than 20 mm: clean more often.

22 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 - Clean all parts in diesel fuel.

- Fit the O-ring in the rotor bowl. Make sure it is not damaged.
Change if necessary.

- Assemble the rotor

- Tighten the rotor nut firmly by hand.

- Refit the rotor.

- Make sure that it spins easily.

- Check that the O-ring in the bowl is undamaged.

A hardened or damaged O-ring must be changed.
- Screw the bowl down hard by hand
If the nut is tightened using a tool, the rotor shaft, nut or bowl may be
damaged.

Operational test
The rotor spins very fast and should continue to rotate when the engine has
stopped.
- Stop the engine when it is warm.
- Listen for the whirring from the rotor or feel whether the cleaner hous-
ing is vibrating.
The rotor normally rotates 30 - 60 seconds after the engine has stopped.
If not: Dismantle and inspect.

© Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 23

 4. Every 400 hours:
CHANGING THE TURBO FILTER
(at the same time as the oil change)
- Remove the old filter.
- Oil the rubber gasket and fit a new genuine Scania filter.
- Tighten the filter by hand.
Never use a tool for tightening. The filter could be damaged, obstruc-
ting circulation.
- Start the engine and check for leaks.

Important If the deposits in the centrifugal cleaner exceed 20 mm the oil

filter must be changed at more frequent intervals, at the same
time as the centrifugal filter is cleaned and the oil changed.

Always collect oil in a suitable

container to avoid spillage when
renewing the oil filter.
Dispose of used filters through
an authorized waste disposal
contractor.

COOLING SYSTEM
5. Daily:
CHECKING COOLANT LEVEL
- Open the expansion tank filler cap and check the coolant level. Carefully open the cap.
- Correct level: (Scania expansion tank) . Hot water and steam
may blow out.
- Cold engine: Coolant level should reach the lowest part of the
filler pipe.
- Warm engine: Coolant level should be between 10-20 mm above the
lowest part of the filler pipe.
- Other types of expansion tank according to the installer’s instructions.
- Top up the coolant as necessary, see point 6. Always top up with ready mixed
Note When filling large amounts of coolant: coolant.
Never pour cold coolant into a hot engine.
This could cause cracks in the cylinder block and the cylinder
head.

24 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 6. Every 400 hours:
CHECKING CORROSION BARS
(Only engines with heat exchanger)
- Empty the sea water circuit and check the corrosion bars (protection
anodes). Located as illustrated.
- Scrape off all loose material on the anode.
- Change if less than half the bar is left.
A new bar is 55 mm long with a diameter of 17 mm.

Important If the corrosion bars are very corroded they need to be checked
more often, for example every 200 hours.

7. Every 400 hours:

CHECKING THE SEAWATER PUMP
IMPELLER
(Only engines with heat exchanger)
- Close the bottom valve if the seawater pump is below the water line.
- Empty the sea water circuit.
- Take off the seawater pump cap.
- Check that the impeller vanes are not worn or damaged.

Important If the impeller must be changed frequently, the cleaning of the

sea water must be improved.

Changing the impeller

- Pull out the impeller with puller 98 482 (Scania Special Tools).
- Fit new impeller and cap. Check that the cap seal is not hard or dam-
aged.
Note A spare impeller should be kept on board.
- The impeller can be deformed at longer periods of inactivity. Change
before or remove the impeller before longer periods of stoppage. Also
see "Preparations of storage".

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 25

 8. Every 2400 hours:
CHECKING THE COOLANT
Coolant should be checked as follows:
a) Check the appearance of the coolant.
Coolant composition:
If there is a danger of freezing:
b) Coolant with glycol: Check the glycol content.
minimum 30% glycol by
c) Coolant with Scania Anti-corrosive: volume
Check the protection against corrosion.
maximum 60% glycol by
volume
The composition of the coolant is also described under If there is no danger of freezing:
“Starting and running” 7-12% by volume
a) Scania Anti-corrosive
Checking the appearance of the coolant
- Fill a receptacle with a little coolant and check that it is clean and clear.
- If the coolant is contaminated or cloudy, consider changing it.
- Water added to the coolant should be clean and free from dirt of any
kind.
- Use drinking water with a pH of 6 - 9.

b)
Checking glycol content
If there is a danger of freezing, use only glycol as an anti-corrosive in the
coolant.
Ethylene glycol is highly
- Cooling systems with glycol should contain at least 30% glycol by dangerous if ingested and can
volume to provide acceptable protection against corrosion.
prove fatal.
- A content of 30% glycol by volume protects against freezing down to Avoid skin contact with glycol.
-16°C. If further protection is needed, refer to the table on the next page
for calculating the required amount of glycol.
We recommend only nitrite-free anti-freeze glycol with the following sup-
plier designations:
BASF G48 or BASF D542 The coolant should be ready
- Always top up the anti-freeze if its glycol content drops below 30% by mixed when it is poured into the
volume. A glycol content above 60% by volume will not provide greater
protection against freezing.
cooling system.
Never top up with only water or
- The table shows the temperature at which ice starts to form. The engine
will freeze and fracture at appreciably lower temperatures, see diagram.
only glycol.
- Ice forming in the coolant often causes malfunctioning without any risk
of damage. The engine should not be subjected to heavy loads when ice
starts to form.
Note Change the coolant when cleaning the cooling system: Every 4800 The recommended glycol must
hours or minimum every 5 years. not be mixed with glycol having
Important If a coolant filter is used in the cooling system, it must not con- nitrite-based anti-corrosive.
tain an inhibitor. Risk for build up of sludge and
reduced cooling capacity.

26 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 % Glycol by volume

Characteristics of glycol at low temperatures:

- Example with 30% glycol by volume
- Ice slush starts to form at -18 °C
- There is risk for malfunctions at -30 °C
- The engine cannot freeze and fracture with a
minimum of 30% glycol by volume

Curve A: Ice build up starts (slush)

Curve B: Temperature at which damage due to
freezing can occur
1. Safe range
2. Malfunctions may occur (ice slush)
3. Risk of damage by freezing

A
% glycol by
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Cooling 60
volume
system
Ice slush starts capacity, dm3
-6 -9 -12 -16 -22 -27 -36 -46 -55
to form at °C
5 6 8 9 11 12 14 15 18 30
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 40
8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25 30 50
9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 36 60
11 14 18 21 25 28 32 35 42 70
12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 48 80
14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45 54 90
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 100
Glycol dm3 17 22 28 33 39 44 50 55 66 110
(litres) 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 72 120
20 26 33 39 46 52 59 65 78 130
21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 84 140
23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75 90 150
24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 96 160
26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85 102 170
27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 108 180
29 38 48 57 67 76 86 95 114 190
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 200
A= Area to be avoided. Only for calculating glycol mix.
Coolant freezing temperature when ice starts to form at different glycol mixes

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 27

c)
Checking Protection against corrosion
There must always be sufficient anti-corrosive (inhibitor) in the coolant to
protect the cooling system against corrosion. Corrosion inhibitor, if
swallowed can be fatal.
If there is no danger of freezing use only Scania Anti-corrosive.
Avoid contact with the skin.
The inhibitor in Scania Anti-corrosive is nitrite-free.
The correct proportion of anti-corrosive is 7-12% by volume.
- Topping up with 1.0% Scania Anti-corrosive by volume should be done
after every 2400 hours of operation.
Mixing corrosion inhibitor with
- Never top up with only water or only anti-corrosive! glycol or adding too much
Fluid losses must always be replaced with premixed coolant:
corrosion inhibitor may cause
water + 10% by volume of Scania Anti-corrosive.
deposits and reduced cooling
Note The coolant should be changed when the cooling system is clea- capacity.
ned: every 4,800 hours or minimum every 5th year.

If a coolant filter has been fitted

it must not contain inhibitor.

Changing coolant
1. Remove the filler cap from the expansion tank.
2. The coolant is drained at two points as illustrated:
- the ”lowest point” of the engine block, see drawing
- the ”lowest point” of the cooling system.
3. Close the valves.
4. Top up with coolant through the expansion tank filler hole.
Mix coolant as described on page 26.

Always collect fluid in a suitable

container to avoid spillage when
changing coolant.
Dispose of used coolant through
an authorized waste disposal
contractor.

28 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

 9. Every 4800 hours:
CLEANING THE COOLING SYSTEM
Note If necessary, the cooling system should be cleaned more often.
External cleaning
The cooling system must never
Heat exchanger be cleaned with caustic soda.
1. Drain the coolant from the engine, see “Changing coolant”. There is a risk of damage to
2. Drain the seawater circuit. aluminium parts.
3. Detach the heat exchanger hose and pipe connections.
4. Dismantle the heat exchanger as illustrated.
5. Clean the outside of the element. Use a paraffin-based engine cleaner.
6. Any deposit on the inside of the pipes is removed mechanically using a
round rod. There are springs and seal
strips in the heat exchanger to
7. Assemble the heat exchanger with new gaskets and O-rings. the right, between the housing
Grease O-ring 4 before fitting.
and the element, which are not
8. Refit hose and pipe connections. illustrated.
9. Fill the system with coolant as described on page 26.

1. Housing
2. Spiral pin
3. Element
4. O-ring
(DSI only)
5. Gasket
6. Gasket
7. Cover
8. Screw
9. Screw
10. Cover
11. Screw
12. O-ring
13. Plug
14. Protective anode
15. Gasket
16. O-ring
17. Screw
18. Gasket
19. Gasket
20. Flange pipe
21. Gasket
22. Screw
23. Screw
24. Plug
25. Plug
26. Washer DI14 68, DI14 75
27. Plug

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 29

Charge air cooler
1. Drain the coolant from the engine, refer to “Changing coolant”.
2. Detach the charge air cooler inlet and outlet connections.
3. Detach the upper part of the intake manifold.
4. Dismantle the charge air cooler as illustrated.
Be careful - do not damage the core water connections.
5. Clean the outside of the element. This is especially important if the
engine is equipped with closed crankcase ventilation. Use a paraffin-
based engine cleaner.
6. Clean and degrease the sealing surfaces on the core and the air intake
manifold upper and lower parts with a spirit based cleaner. The cooling system must never
be cleaned with caustic soda.
7. Apply sealant (silicone 816 064) in a uniform bead, approximately
2-3 mm, on both sealing surfaces of the element. There is a risk of damage to
aluminium parts.
8. Fit new V-ring seals on the connections of the element.
9. Assemble the charge air cooler within 15 minutes of applying the sea-
lant. Torque tighten the bolts to 50 Nm.
10. Refit the inlet and outlet connections with new O rings.
11. Connect the intake manifold from the turbo.
12. Fill up with coolant according to the specification
on page 26.

Important Allow the sealant to cure for minimum

24 hours before the engine is used.

1. Intake manifold,
lower part
2. Radiator element
3. Intake manifold,
upper part
4. V-ring seal
5. Sealant 816 064

Engines without heat exchanger (keel-cooling)

1. Check cooling elements/cooling pipes on the inside and outside of the
keel.
2. Clean as necessary using a paraffin-based engine cleaner or carefully
scrape off deposits from external pipes.
Take care - do not damage cooling elements or cooling pipes.

30 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

Internal cleaning
Removing oils and greases
- If possible, run the engine until it has reached the operating
temperature and then drain the cooling system.
- Remove the thermostats.
- Fill the system with clean, hot water mixed with liquid dishwasher
detergent designed for household use.
Concentration 1% (0.1/10 l). Handling cleaning agents for
- Run the engine until warm for about 20-30 minutes. Do not forget the the cooling system:
cab heating system (if fitted). Read the warning label on the
- Drain the cooling system. container.
- Fill the system again using clean, hot water and run the engine for
approximately 20-30 minutes.
- Drain the water from the system.
- Refit the thermostats.
- Fill up with new coolant according to the specification on page 26.
Removing deposits
- If possible, run the engine until it has reached the operating temperature
and then drain the cooling system.
- Remove the thermostats. Always collect fluid in a suitable
- Fill the system with clean, hot water mixed with one of the container to avoid spillage when
commercially available radiator cleaners based on sulphamic acid and draining coolant.
containing dispersing agents. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for Dispose of used coolant through
mixing proportions and cleaning times. an authorized waste disposal
- Run the engine for the specified time and then drain the cooling system. contractor.
- Refill the system with hot water and run the engine for approximately
20-30 minutes.
- Drain the water from the system.
- Refit the thermostats.
- Fill up with new coolant according to the specification on page 26.

Preventive replacement of coolant pump gear wheel

Note Should be carried out when cleaning the cooling system.
- Detach the coolant pump.
- Remove the gear wheel.
- Fit a new gear wheel and tighten the nut with 200 Nm.
Note The tightening torque must no be applied across the gear wheel..
- Refit the coolant pump with new gaskets against the timing gear hous-
ing.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 31

AIR CLEANER
10. Daily:
READING THE
LOW PRESSURE INDICATOR
If the indicator’s red plunger is fully visible, change or clean the air cleaner
filter element, point 12.

The coarse cleaner must always

11. Every 200 hours: be fitted in an upright position.
CLEANING THE AIR CLEANER
COARSE CLEANER 1 2
1. Remove the cover from the coarse cleaner.
2. Lift off the conical coarse separator. Remove the particles of dirt and
clean it.
3. Fit the coarse separator and screw down the cover.

3 4
1. Filter insert
12. Every 1200 hours: 2. Coarse cleaner
CLEANING OR CHANGING THE 3. Cover
4. Low pressure indicator
FILTER ELEMENT Air cleaner with
Note Earlier if the vacuum indicator shows red coarse cleaner

Disassembly
1. Remove the side cover from the air cleaner.
2. Change or clean the element.
Note Cleaning the element always entails a risk of damaging it. The Only use Scania genuine air
element can only be cleaned a maximum of four times. After filter. Change the filter element
cleaning, it has poorer dust capacity than a new element. if it is damaged.
3. Mark the filter when it has been cleaned. Danger of engine damage if the
Cleaning the element filter element is damaged.
- Carefully blow the filter element clean using dry compressed air from
the inside.
Note This filter element must not be washed with water.
Never start the engine unless
the air filter is installed.
Danger of personal injury or
engine damage.

32 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

Checking
- Insert a flashlamp into the insert and check from the outside that there
are no holes or cracks in the filter paper.
- Change the filter insert if there is any damage at all. Danger of engine
damage.
Assembly
1. Assemble the air cleaner in reverse order.
2. Reset the red plunger in the vacuum indicator by pressing in the button.

Filter with a non-changeable element (unit cleaner)

Cleaning
- The filter may be cleaned a maximum of 3 times. Mark the filter after
each time it has been cleaned.
- Use a cleaning solution consisting of water mixed with approx. 1% mild
detergent.

1. Pour the cleaning solution into the element outlet at the same time as
turning the element so that the cleaning solution pours through the
element against the direction of the air flow.
2. Leave the element in the cleaning solution for 5 minutes and then take it
out so that all the cleaning solution drains away.
3. Rinse the element with ca 30 litres clean water at 30 - 40 °C. Pour the
rinsing water into the element in the same way as the cleaning solution.
4. Take out the element and allow the rinsing water to drain off.
5. Repeat the procedure until the rinsing water is clean.
6. Leave the element to dry in a warm place for a few days.

Note The element must not be dried with compressed air.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 33

13. Every 2400 hours:
CHANGING SAFETY CARTRIDGE Do not remove the safety
cartridge unnecessarily.
Note All filters are not fitted with safety cartridge.
1. Remove the side cover from the air cleaner.
2. Remove the filter insert.
3. Remove the safety cartridge.
4. Fit a new genuine safety cartridge.
5. Change or clean the filter element, see point 12. 1
6. Assemble the air cleaner.

1. Safety cartridge
Air cleaner with safety cartridge

Never clean the safety cartridge

34 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

FUEL SYSTEM
Be extremely careful with
14. Daily: cleanliness when working on
the fuel system.
CHECKING FUEL LEVEL
Malfunctions
- Top up fuel if necessary.
can easily arise and the
- If the tank is run dry, bleed the fuel system, see point 15. injection equipment
can be damaged.

15. Every 1200 hours:

CHANGING THE FUEL FILTER
Fuel tanks
- Drain any water from the fuel tanks.
Main filter
The filter consists of two parallel coupled filter units.
- Wash the outside of the filters and unscrew them. Dispose of the filters
according to environmental regulations.
- Do up the new filter by hand.
Never use tools for this. The filters can be damaged,
obstructing circulation.

- Bleed the fuel system as described below.

- Start the engine and check for leaks.
Bleeding the fuel system
- Open the bleed screw 1 on the main filter. Only use Scania genuine fuel
- Pump the hand pump 2 until air-free fuel flows out at the maim bleed filter.
screw.
- Close the bleed screw. Pump a few times using the hand pump.
If the engine is difficult to start after bleeding . . . . .
- Slacken the injection pump overflow valve 3 one half turn Always collect fuel in a suitable
and try starting again. container to avoid spillage when
If the engine still won’t start . . . . . . . bleeding system or renewing
- Pump the hand pump until bubble-free fuel flows from the overflow components.
valve.
- Tighten the overflow valve when the engine has started.
3

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 35

16. Every 2400 hours:
CHECKING THE INJECTORS 1. Socket nut
2. O-ring
Injectors should be inspected by trained personnel with access to the neces-
sary equipment. Inspection should be carried out at least once a year or every 3. O-ring
2400 hours. 4. Stop ring
Removal 5. Guide pin
6. Seal
1. Clean round the injectors and connections, including clamps and
brackets.
2. Detach the delivery pipe bundle and leak-off fuel lines.
3. Unscrew the injector.
4. Fit protective plugs on the injector and delivery pipe.
5. Lift up the seal from the bottom of the injector seat if it does not come
out together with the injector.
6. Fit a core plug in the injector seat in the cylinder head. The delivery pipes must
not be bent.
7. Clean the injectors and check/adjust in a nozzle tester.
All clamps must be refitted.
Correct opening pressure, see Technical data, page 49.
Fitting
1. Check that there is no old seal in place and fit a new seal in the bottom
of the injector seat.
2. Fit a new O-ring in the threaded socket nut and a new seal under the Always wear gloves and eye
socket nut. protection when testing
3. Fit the injector. injectors.
Fuel escaping under high
4. Tighten the socket nut to 70 Nm (7.0 kpm).
pressure can penetrate body
5. Fit the delivery pipe and tighten the cap nut to 20 Nm (2.0 kpm). Fit tissue and cause serious injury.
clamps and brackets.

Important Take care to fit the delivery pipe without tension and make sure
that the cone on it is correctly positioned in the connection.

6. Fit the leak-off fuel line. Tighten the bolts to 11 Nm (1.1 kpm).

1. Delivery pipes
2. Cap nut
3. Washer
4. Cone
5. Connector on injector or
injection pump

Delivery pipe connection

36 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
17. Every 200 hours:
Do not let open flame or sparks
CHECKING THE come near the batteries.
ELECTROLYTE LEVEL IN BATTERIES When batteries are charged,
they emit highly flammable
1. Undo the plugs and check the electrolyte level in all cells.
fumes that can explode.
2. Top up using distilled water until the level is 10-15 mm above the plates.

18. Every 200 hours:

CHECKING THE STATE OF CHARGE
IN BATTERIES
Note Every 200 hours applies to gensets and the like. Other installa-
tions every 1200 hours.
Wear gloves and eye protection
- Check the density with an acid tester.
when charging and
In a fully charged battery it should be: handling batteries.
1,280 at +20 °C Batteries contain a highly
1,294 at 0 °C corrosive acid.
1,308 at -20 °C
- If the density is below 1.20, the battery must be charged.
A discharged battery freezes at -5 °C.
Do not rapid-charge the batteries. This will damage the battery in the
long run.

19. Every 200 hours: Do not connect the cables to the

wrong terminals.
CLEANING BATTERIES This could cause serious
Note Every 200 hours applies to gensets and the like. Other installa- damage to the electrical system.
tions every 1,200 hours. If the terminals are
shortcircuited, sparks
1. Clean batteries, cables and cable terminals.
will be generated.
2. Check that all cable terminals are firmly tightened.
3. Grease battery terminal posts and cable terminals with vaseline.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 37

20. Every 1200 hours:
CHECKING THE COOLANT
LEVEL MONITOR
(optional equipment)
Note Check the coolant level monitor when the engine is cold.
1. Loosen clamping of level monitor cable on the engine and disconnect
the connector.
2. Put a container under the water-cooled exhaust manifold and unscrew
the monitor. Immediately insert a threaded plug M18x1.5 in the hole for
the monitor. Avoid contact with the skin when handling coolant.
3. Connect the monitor connector and put the control switch in the "ON"
position.
4. Check that the warning lamp remains on and that the buzzer sounds (if
fitted).
5. Lower the monitor into a metal container (steel) with liquid. It is impor-
tant that the monitor body is in contact with the metal.
6. After approximately 2 seconds the warning lamp should go out. 2-pole level monitor
7. Remove the monitor from the liquid. After approximately 7 seconds the
warning lamp will come on and the buzzer sound (if fitted).
8. Disconnect the monitor connector and screw on the monitor again.
9. Clamp the monitor cable as before and connect the connector.
10. Top up the system with coolant according to the specification on page
26.

38 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

21. Every 1200 hours:
CHECKING THE TEMPERATURE
MONITOR
1. Drain the coolant, allowing the temperature monitor to be removed.
2. Remove the temperature monitor cable(s).
3. Unscrew the monitor. C = Common connection
4. Refit the cable(s) to the monitor. 1 = Connection C -1 closes at
5. Submerge the monitor sensor body in water. Heat the water slowly stamped temperature
(about 1° per minute) using e.g. an immersion heater. 2 = Connection C -2 opens at
6. Set the control switch to "ON". Use a thermometer to check that the stamped temperature
warning lamp comes on or that an alarm is initiated at the correct tem- 2-pole temperature monitor
perature.
The correct temperature is stamped on the hexagonal part of the
monitor.
The temperature tolerance is ± 3°.

Always use a suitable container

CHECKING TEMPERATURE SENSOR to avoid spillage when
1. Drain the coolant, allowing the temperature sensor to be removed. draining coolant.
2. Remove the temperature sensor cable(s). Dispose of used coolant through
an authorized waste disposal
3. Unscrew the sensor. contractor.
4. Connect an ohmmeter to the temperature sensor.
5. Submerge the sensor body in water. Heat the water slowly
(about 1° per minute) with for example an immersion heater.
6. Check the resistance at the temperatures given below.
7. The sensor should give the following readings:
2-pole temperature sensor
At temp. °C Resistance Ω Tolerance °C

60 134 ± 13.5 ±4

90 51.2 ± 4.3 ±3

100 38.5 ± 3 ±3

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 39

22. Every 1200 hours:
Sensor function
Measure the sensor output voltage (pin 3) at different oil pressures. The
sensor output voltage shall be as follows:
0.85-1.15 bar = 2.45 volt
1.80-2.20 bar = 3.70 volt
2.75-3.25 bar = 4.50 volt
3.79-4.20 bar = 5.20 volt
4.55-5.45 bar = 5.70 volt
5.40-6.6 bar = 6.10 volt
The tolerances apply at +30°C - 110°C. At lower temperatures the tolerance
range is wider, e.g. 0°C = x 1.4.
Monitor function
Connect a test lamp to the oil pressure monitor, pin 4 (- ground), and check
that the monitor switches on at the correct pressure when the engine is started
and stopped. The monitor shall switch on at 0.7 ± 0.15 bar when the engine is
stopped. 1 4

Important The sensor/monitor must be supplied with voltage during the

measurement. Maximum 4 W load from a test lamp.

Monitor connected for automatic stop in case of a fault:

3
1. Start the engine. 2
2. Check on the oil pressure gauge that oil pressure rises.
3. Stop the engine manually (using the emergency stop).
4. Check on the oil pressure gauge at what pressure the stop solenoid oper-
ates and the monitor opens. Correct pressure: 0.7 ± 0.15 bar.
Monitor connected to buzzer:
1. Main power switch in operating position, check that buzzer sounds.
2. With the engine running, check that the buzzer falls silent when the oil
pressure is above 1.1 ±0.15 bar and the monitor closes.

23. Every 400 hours:

CHECKING THE STOP FEATURE
Check that the stop solenoid is activated and stops the engine when the stop
signal is given by the button, temperature monitor, coolant level monitor and
oil pressure monitor if these are coupled for automatic stop in the case of
fault.

40 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

CHECKING THE STOP SOLENOID
The following should be checked when changing the stop solenoid:

Plunger end position

- Connect a test lamp between connector pin 3 in the stop solenoid con- Adjusting
nector and battery negative. screw

- With the stop solenoid in energized position, the test lamp should light,
i.e. there should be power on pin 3). Adjust the stop solenoid linkage
until the test lamp lights (adjusting screw at yoke, see drawing) with the
solenoid energized.
The test lamp indicates that the pull coil is disconnected and that
the latch coil is connected.
If the pull coil is connected for more than 10 seconds, the solenoid is
damaged.

Test lamp

Check the stop arm on

the injection pump
RSV governor
- The stop arm should precisely touch the end stop in both operating and
stop positions.

RQ/RQV-K governor
- The stop arm should be against the mechanical stop inside the governor
housing in both operating and stop positions.

Important Adjust as necessary with the yoke adjusting nut.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 41

CHANGING BATTERY
Removal
Do not connect the cables to the
1. Disconnect the negative cable (-) from the battery (cable connected to wrong terminals.
ground).
This could cause serious
2. Disconnect the positive cable (+) from the battery (cable connected to damage to the electrical system.
starter motor).
If the terminals are short-
Fitting circuited, sparks will be
1. Connect the positive cable (+) to the battery (cable connected to starter generated.
motor).
2. Connect the negative cable (-) to the battery (cable connected to
ground).
Dispose of used batteries
through an authorized waste
disposal contractor.
MISCELLANEOUS
24. Every 200 hours:
CHECK/TENSION V-BELTS
Correctly tensioned drive belts should be possible to depress
about 10 mm with a force of 35-50 N (depending on the free
length of the belt) when pressing on one belt.
Change worn or damaged belts.
1. Detach the securing screws.
2. Set the correct tension using the adjusting screw.
Do not over-tighten the belts.

Measurement using belt tension gauge Krikit

(Part. No. 587 495)
1. Zero the gauge by pressing the measuring arm.
2. Place the gauge on the V-belt at an equal distance from two pulleys.
3. Press until the gauge clicks.
4. Read the gauge.
- Recommended tension in Scania genuine belts
at test is 300 N.
- When changing belts, slightly higher (10-15%) tension should be used.

42 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

25. Daily:
CHECKING FOR LEAKAGE, RECTIFY
AS NECESSARY
- Start the engine.
- Check for oil, coolant, fuel, air and exhaust leakages.
- Tighten or change leaking connections. Check the overflow holes (1)
which show whether the O-rings between the cylinder liner and crank- Ensure that any leakage does
case are leaking, see drawing. not pollute the environment.
a) If coolant is leaking out, the two upper O-rings are leaking.
b) If oil is leaking out, the lower O-ring is leaking.
- Check that the drain hole (2) on the coolant pump is not blocked, see
drawing. If there is leakage, change the pump seal.
- Check that the drain for the “V” behind the injection pump is open all In case of major leakage,
the way through the block and drain pipe so that no fluid can collect in contact the nearest Scania
the “V”. See illustration. workshop.
A small amount of leakage from the overflow holes during the engine’s
running-in period is normal. (Seals and O-rings are lubricated with soap
or oil when fitted.).
This leakage normally stops after a time.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 43

26. Every 2400 hours:
CHECK/ ADJUST WARNING
VALVE CLEARANCE Immobilise the starting device
Note Checking/adjusting valve clearances should also be carried out when working on the engine.
after the first 400 hours of operation. If the engine starts out of
Valves should be adjusted when the engine is cold, at least 30 minutes after
control, there is a
operation. SERIOUS RISK
OF INJURY.
Rocker cover gaskets should be changed as necessary. Tightening torque:
25 Nm.
Intake valve clearance: 0.45 mm
Outlet valve clearance: 0.80 mm.
Alternative 1
- Turn the crankshaft in its direction of rotation until the No. 1 cylinder is 1
at 30 after TDC on the combustion stroke. There is a mark, ⊥ , at this
point.
5
- Adjust the following valves: 2
Right side Cyl 1 Intake and exhaust 6
2 Ex
4 Ex 3
Left side Cyl 5 In and ex 7
7 In
8 In 4
- Turn the crankshaft one revolution in its direction of rotation to the mark 8
⊥. The No. 1 cylinder piston is then at 30 after TDC in the induction
stroke. FLYWHEEL
- Adjust the following valves:
Cylinder numbering
Right side Cyl 2 In
3 In and ex No. 1 cylinder piston 30° after
4 In TDC in
Left side Cyl 6 In and ex
combustion induction
7 Ex
stroke stroke
8 Ex

Note
On silumin casings readings can only be
taken from underneath.
On cast iron casings readings can be
taken from either underneath or from
the side (60o) according to the accessi-
bility.

FLYWHEEL

Covers for reading Intake valve

on flywheel casing Exhaust valve

44 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

Alternative 2
- Set the No. 1 cylinder to TDC by turning the engine in its direction of
rotation until both valves are closed.
- Adjust both the valves for the No.1 cylinder. Correct valve clearance is
indicated on the instruction plate on one of the rocker covers.
- Repeat this procedure with the remaining cylinders in the order
5 - 4 - 2 - 6 - 3 - 7 - 8 (firing sequence) by turning the engine 1/4 revolu-
tion in its direction of rotation between each adjustment.

27. Every 2400 hours:

CHANGING (or CLEANING) VALVE FOR
CLOSED CRANKCASE VENTILATION
Alternative 1:
Change the valve at the specified interval.
Alternative 2:
- Remove the valve after the specified interval.
- Clean the valve by placing it in a bath of diesel oil overnight. Then rinse
it several times in diesel and allow it to drip dry.
- Refit the valve.
- The valve may be reused (cleaned), maximum twice after the initial
2400 hours of operation. Take care to mark the valve after cleaning it.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 45

LONG-TERM STORAGE
If the engine is not to be used for a lengthy period of time, special measures
should be taken to protect the cooling system, fuel system and combustion
chamber from corrosion and the exterior from rusting.
The engine can normally stand idle for up to six months. If it remains unused
for longer than this the following measures, which provide protection for
about four years, should be adopted.
Preparing the engine for long-term storage means:

- Thoroughly cleaning the engine

- Running the engine for a certain time using special preservative fuel, oil
and coolant.
- Otherwise preparing the engine for storage
(filter changes, lubrication etc.).

Preservative coolant
If the engine is to be stored with a full cooling system, use coolant containing
50% glycol by volume. Glycol without nitrite-based inhibitor must be used. Ethylene glycol, if swallowed
E.g. BASF G48 or BASF D542. can be fatal.
Avoid contact with the skin.
Preservative fuel
- Use diesel fuel oil mixed with Lubrizol 560A or the equivalent.
- Mix 1 cm3 (ml) Lubrizol 560A in 10 dm3 (l) of fuel.

!
HANDLING LUBRIZOL 560A
Hazardous!
Contains aromatic hydrocarbons
Use spot extractors where there is a danger of vapour build-up.
Wear protective gloves and goggles when handling Lubrizol. Do not use contaminated clothing.

In case of splashes in the eye: Rinse with moderate water spray (for min. 15 minutes). Seek medical attention.
In case of skin contact: Wash affected areas with soap and water.
If you inhale it: Fresh air, rest and warmth
Flammable: Fire class 2A. Flash point + 27°.
In case of fire: Extinguish using carbonic acid, powder or foam
Storage: In properly sealed container in a dry, cool place. Keep out of reach of children.

46 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

Preservative oil
Suitable preservative oil can be supplied by most petroleum companies.
For example: Dinitrol 40 or the equivalent.

Preparations for storage

- Drain and flush the cooling system. Top up with preservative coolant.
- Warm up the engine on regular fuel. Stop the engine and drain the oil.
- Change the fuel filter and turbo filter.
Always use suitable containers
- Fill the engine with preservative oil up to the minimum level on the to avoid spillage when
dipstick. draining oil and coolant.
- Mix preservative fuel in a can. Detach the fuel pipe at the feed pump Dispose of used oil and coolant
suction line and connect a hose from the can. through an authorized waste
- Detach the fuel pipe at the overflow valve and connect a return hose to disposal contractor.
the can.
- Start the engine and run it at about 1000 rpm (not single-speed engines)
for 20-25 minutes.
- Stop the engine, remove the hoses and connect the regular fuel lines.
- Oil the valve mechanism generously with preservative oil.
- Remove the injectors and spray preservative oil into each cylinder,
max 30 cm3 (ml).
Turn the engine over a few times using the starter motor. Spray a small
amount of oil additionally into each cylinder.
After this the engine must not be cranked. Refit the injectors.
- Drain the preservative oil from the engine. Fresh engine oil can be filled
directly or when the engine is taken out of storage.
- Drain the coolant if the engine is not to be stored with a full cooling
system. Plug and tape over all coolant connections (if the cooling system
is not completely assembled).
- Air cleaner: Clean or change the filter element.
- Cover air intakes and exhaust pipes.
- Alternator and starter motor:
- Spray with water-repellent anti-corrosive oil, CRC 226, LPS1 or equal.
- Spray the outside of bright metal engine parts, first with penetrating pre-
servative oil such as Dinitrol 25B and then with Dinitrol 112 or equal.
Winter storage
- In order to minmize the risk of condensation water in the fuel tank
during a winter stop it should be filled with fuel.

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 47

 - Attach a label to the engine showing the date of preservation and
clearly stating that it must not be started or cranked.

STORED ENGINE
Date . . . . . . . . . . .
Do not start or crank!

Batteries
Remove the batteries for trickle charging at a charging station. (This does not Wear gloves and eye protection
apply to batteries which, according to the manufacturer, are maintenance free.) when charging and handling
The same is applicable for short-term storage if the engine has not been pre-
pared for storage as above. batteries.
Batteries contain a highly
Storage corrosive acid.
After the preparations, the engine should be stored in a dry and warm place
(room temperature).

Taking out of storage

(Procedure when the engine is to be put into operation)
- Remove plugs and tape from coolant connections, air intakes and exhaust
pipes.
- Fill the system with coolant, see page 12.
- Check the oil level in the engine or top up with new motor oil.
Always use suitable containers
- Turn the engine over a few times with the injectors removed, at the same to avoid spillage when
time copiously oiling the valve mechanism with pushrods and tappets.
draining oil and coolant.
Important The engine must be turned over with the injectors removed so Dispose of used oil and coolant
that surplus preservative oil will be pressed out of the cylinders. through an authorized waste

- Fit the injectors. disposal contractor.

- Empty the fuel system main filter of preservative oil.
- Bleed the fuel system.
- Wash off any externally applied preservative oil, using white spirit.

48 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

TECHNICAL DATA
GENERAL DI14
Number of cylinders V8, 90°
Cylinder bore mm 127
Stroke mm 140
Displacement dm3 (litres) 14.2
Number of main bearings 5
Firing sequence 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8
Compression ratio 15:1 High output engine:13.5:1
Engine direction of rotation viewed from rear Anti-clockwise
Fan direction of rotation viewed from the front Anti-clockwise
Cooling Fluid
Valve clearance, cold engine:
intake valve mm 0.45
exhaust valve mm 0.80
Weight (without coolant and oil)
engine with heat exchanger kg 1400
engine without heat exchanger (keel-cooling) kg 1325
Output see “Engine record card”

LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Max. oil pressure
(warm engine at speed above 800 rpm) bar (kp/cm2) 6
Normal oil pressure
(warm engine at operating speed) bar (kp/cm2) 3-6
Min. oil pressure
(warm engine 800 rpm) bar (kp/cm2) 0.7
Oil capacity, see page 21.

Crankcase pressure with closed crankcase

ventilation mm VP -55 - +20

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 49

FUEL SYSTEM DI14
Pump setting BTDC See plate on rocker cover
Injectors, opening pressure bar (kp/cm2) 300
Low idle rpm 700
Maximum full load speed See engine card
Fuel Diesel fuel oil1)
Tightening torques:
Socket nut for injectors Nm 70
Cap nut for delivery pipe Nm 20
Oil leakage connection Nm 11
1)
see page 51

COOLING SYSTEM
Number of thermostats 2
Thermostat, opening temperature °C 79
Coolant temperature:
system with atmospheric pressure °C 70 - 93
system with positive pressure °C 70 - about 100
Capacity
with heat exchanger dm3 (litres) 93
without heat exchanger (keel-cooling) dm3 (litres) 50

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
System voltage V 24
Alternator, current A 65 or 120 or 2x65
Starter motor power kW (hp) 6,7 (9,1)
Monitors, settings:
oil pressure monitor bar (kp/cm2) 2-pole: 0.7 ± 0.15
temperature monitor °C Stamped on monitor hexagon

50 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 2001-05:1

FUEL
Diesel fuel
The composition of the diesel fuel is vitally important to the operation and
life of the engine and the fuel injection pump. The engine power output and
the exhaust emissions are also dependent on the fuel quality.
The requirements and the test standards for the most important properties are
described in the workshop manual in sections that can be ordered from your
Scania dealer or directly from Scania. The address of Scania is printed on the
cover.
The diesel fuel shall comply with the following standard:
EN 590 (European standard).
The table below shows the requirements for some of the most important
properties:

Property Requirement
Viscosity at 40°C 2.0 - 4.5 mm2/s (cSt)

Density at 15°C 0.82 - 0.86 kg/dm3

Sulphur (concentration by mass) max. 0.3%

Ignitability (CET rating) min. 49

Flashpoint 56°C

Environmentally favourable fuels (low sulphur fuels)

There are three different grades of so called environmentally favorable fuels
(SS15 54 35). Grade 1 is sulphur-free and grade 2 is low in sulphur.
Compared with class 3 (normal fuel), these fuels are less dense and this
reduces engine power output. Only class 1 fuel should be used with a
catalytic converter.
Short term use of fuel with a higher sulphur content than 0.05% by weight
will not cause permanent damage to the catalytic converter.
The catalytic converter may, however, require fuel with low sulphur content
for some time after this to regain its normal efficiency.

© Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 51

Temperature dependence of diesel fuel
At temperatures lower than those specified for the diesel fuel, paraffin wax
may precipitate from the fuel and block filters and pipes. The engine can then
loose power or stop.
The diesel fuel is adapted for use in the specific climate of each country. It is not permitted to mix
If a vehicle or an engine is to be operated in a temperature zone with lower kerosene with diesel fuel that is
temperature than normal, first identify the temperature properties of the
already adapted for the climate
fuel concerned.
concerned. The injection pump
The properties of the fuel when cold can be improved by adopting one of the may be damaged. All use of
following measures before the temperature drops:
paraffin other than kerosene is
- If the fuel concerned is not intended for the expected temperature and no forbidden, as it causes
diesel fuel with the correct temperature properties is available, we engine damage.
recommend that an electric fuel heater be installed as a preventative
measure.
- The low temperature properties of diesel fuel may be improved by
adding kerosene as a preventative measure. A maximum of 20% may
be added. When refuelling, the kerosene should be added first, so that it
mixes thoroughly with the diesel fuel.
Note It is prohibited to use kerosene in engine fuel in some countries. It is not permissible to mix
petrol with diesel fuel. Petrol
- To prevent water in the fuel from freezing and forming ice, maximum may cause wear to the fuel
0.5-2% alcohol (isopropanol) may be added. injection pump and it may also
Drain fuel tanks and drain or renew fuel filters at regular intervals. cause damage to the engine.

52 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines

 INDEX

Air cleaner, low pressure indicator . . . . . . . . . 32 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Air cleaner, pre-filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Maintenance schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Air cleaner, safety cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Air filter, insert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Oil analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Oil capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Battery, changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Oil change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Bleeding, fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Oil cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Oil grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Certified engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Checks after running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Oil pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Checks before running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Pre-filter, air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Protection against corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Coolant level monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Coolant temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Coolant temperature monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Safety cartridge, air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Coolant, changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Safety details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Cooling system, cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Safety precautions for care and maintenance . . 8
Safety precautions for handling materials . . . . . 8
Emergency stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Safety precautions for operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Environmental responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Filter, air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Start-up report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Filter, fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Stop solenoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
First start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Stopping the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Fuel filter, changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Fuel level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Taking out of storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Fuel specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Fuel system, bleeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Temperature monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Turbo filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Glycol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Type designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Injectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Valve clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Leakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Low pressure indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Lubrication oil pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2001-05:1 © Scania Industrial & Marine Engines 53