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Reinforced concrete column capacity

Materials:
Concrete f'c =
Steel
fy =
Ultimate conc. strainc =
Design Code:
Resistance Factors
Confinement:

5 ksi
60 ksi
-0.003
b =

Reinforcing
Bar No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Area
As

c =

0.7

0.79
16
12.64
1.24%
4

in

39.37008
AT =

in
in^4
in

1095.3 in
IT = 90036.27 in^4
YbT =
18.00 in

in
( < 100 )
in

Axial Force/Bending Moment Interaction Diagram

3000

5.07
8.10
12.64

2,993

2500

Coordinates, in

5.36
9.90
12.93

3500

in

Y
Z
in^2
(from ctr.) (from bot.)
0.79
14.00
18.00
0.79
12.93
23.36
0.79
9.90
27.90
0.79
5.36
30.93
0.79
0.00
32.00
0.79
-5.36
30.93
0.79
-9.90
27.90
0.79 -12.93
23.36
0.79 -14.00
18.00
0.79 -12.93
12.64
0.79
-9.90
8.10
0.79
-5.36
5.07
0.79
0.00
4.00
0.79
0.79
0.79

4,070 ksi
29,000 ksi

Spiral

Section Properties:
Diameter =
36
AC = 1017.88
IC =
82448
YbC =
18
Reinforcing bars:
Bar Area =
No.bars =
(As) =
As/Ac =
Edge dist. =

0.9

Ec =
Es =

2000
1500
1000

500
0
-1500

-1000

-500

0
-500

500

1000

1500

-683

-1000
Positive moment corresponds to tension in bottom fibers of the section
Positive axial force is compressive force

Factored Loads
Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Pu
kip
500

Capacity Demand/
Mn
Mu
Capacity
kip-ft
kip-ft
Ratio
900 #VALUE!
###

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Axial Force/Moment Interaction Diagram

Pn
kip
-683
-653
-595
-453
-309
-146
-4
164
323
479
639
758
876
981
1088
1192
1318
1463
1603
1735
1869
1999
2125
2248
2362
2478
2591
2699
2803
2899
2993
2993

Mny
kip-ft
0
-43
-122
-292
-459
-629
-772
-920
-1053
-1168
-1256
-1278
-1286
-1286
-1276
-1256
-1235
-1229
-1217
-1198
-1172
-1139
-1098
-1050
-997
-936
-869
-796
-718
-641
-557
0

0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.886
0.838
0.799
0.766
0.737
0.713
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700

N/A
from
bottom
in
1E-010
1.23316
2.46633
3.69949
4.93266
6.16582
7.39899
8.63215
9.86532
11.0985
12.3316
13.5648
14.798
16.0311
17.2643
18.4975
19.7306
20.9638
22.197
23.4301
24.6633
25.8965
27.1296
28.3628
29.596
30.8291
32.0623
33.2954
34.5286
35.7618
36.9949

Cracke
d
momen
t
inertia
Icr
in^4
8827
11712
15038
17411
18794
19492
19800
19875
19880
19933
20130
20532
21228
22255
23655
25404
27666
30392
33600
37153
41359
46045
51184
56503
62413
68559
74304
80379
85847
89740
90036

Pn
kip

File: 336689393.xls

Mnz
kip-ft

Cracke
d
momen
N/A
t
from
inertia
bottom
Icr
in
in^4

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Axial Force/Moment Interaction Diagram

Pn
kip
-683
-653
-595
-453
-309
-146
-4
164
323
479
639
758
876
981
1088
1192
1318
1463
1603
1735
1869
1999
2125
2248
2362
2478
2591
2699
2803
2899
2993
2993

Mny
kip-ft
0
43
122
292
459
629
772
920
1053
1168
1256
1278
1286
1286
1276
1256
1235
1229
1217
1198
1172
1139
1098
1050
997
936
869
796
718
641
557
0

0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.900
0.886
0.838
0.799
0.766
0.737
0.713
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700
0.700

N/A
from
bottom
in
1E-010
1.23316
2.46633
3.69949
4.93266
6.16582
7.39899
8.63215
9.86532
11.0985
12.3316
13.5648
14.798
16.0311
17.2643
18.4975
19.7306
20.9638
22.197
23.4301
24.6633
25.8965
27.1296
28.3628
29.596
30.8291
32.0623
33.2954
34.5286
35.7618
36.9949

Cracke
d
momen
t
inertia
Icr
in^4
8827
11712
15038
17411
18794
19492
19800
19875
19880
19933
20130
20532
21228
22255
23655
25404
27666
30392
33600
37153
41359
46045
51184
56503
62413
68559
74304
80379
85847
89740
90036

Pn
kip

File: 336689393.xls

Mnz
kip-ft

Cracke
d
momen
N/A
t
from
inertia
bottom
Icr
in
in^4

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BIAXIAL BENDING MOMENT CAPACITY

Applied Loads
Load Description

P
kip

My
kip-ft

Uniaxial Capacities
Mz
kip-ft

Mny
kip-ft

Mnz
kip-ft

Demand
Capacity
Ratio
(My/Mny)a+
(Mz/Mnz)a

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Nrd = [0.85f'c(Ac-As)+fyAs] = 3521.457 kip

File: 336689393.xls

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My-Mz Contour plot at axial force P =

Mny neg =
Mnz neg =
P/Nrd =

25 kip

(0 0)

#VALUE! kip-ft

Mny pos =

#VALUE! kip-ft

Sign convention

#VALUE! kip-ft

Mnz pos =

#VALUE! kip-ft

My positive creates tension on the bottom

0.007

a=

2.000

Mz positive creates tension on the right

Biaxial Moment Capacity Diagram (kip-ft) at P = 25 kip

Biaxial Moment Capacity Diagram (kip-ft) at P = 25 kip
Mz

12

10

My
4

0
0

10

15

20

File: 336689393.xls

25

30

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Moment capacity about inclined axis

Angle to Y-axis, =

30 deg (090)

Moment capacity about axis inclined 30 deg. from Y-axis

Moment capacity about axis inclined 30 deg. from Y-axis

Pn

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

-0.0002

-0.0004

-0.0006

Mn

-0.0008

-0.001

-0.0012

File: 336689393.xls

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Biaxial
Interact'n
coeff.

This spreadsheet uses Eurocode 2 biaxial

bending Interaction formulas modified for
ACI and AASHTO codes (which do not offer
solution of their own).
Biaxial bending [EC2 5.8.9]
(My/Mny)a+(Mz/Mnz)a 1.0 (EC2 - 5.39)
For circular section a = 2
For rectangular sections use table
P/Nrd 0.1 0.7 1.0
a
1.0 1.5 2.0
where Nrd = [0.85f'c(Ac-As)+fyAs]

File: 336689393.xls

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nsion on the bottom

nsion on the right

File: 336689393.xls

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Moment capacity about inclined axis

File: 336689393.xls

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CONTROL OF CRACKING
Service Load Analysis (cracked section - triangular concrete stress)
Material Properties
Concrete f'c =

5 ksi

fy =

60 ksi

fcf = 0.2285f'c =
Ec =

0.511 ksi

Es =

29000 ksi

4070 ksi
0

n = Es/Ect =

Creep factor, Ct =
Long term concrete Ect = Ec/(1+Ct) =

Steel

7.13

4070 ksi

Reinforcing Details
Bar diameter, db =
Bar spacing, s =
Concrete cover to bar in tension, clr =

1 in
5.5 in
3 in

Spacing in circular bar layout =

Service Loads:
P=
M=

200 kip
500 kip-ft

(positive for compression)

(positive for tension on the bottom)

Cracked section analysis

Dist. to N.A. from compression edge, cNA =
Max. stress in tensile reinforcement, fs =
Concrete stress, fc =
Tensile steel
located from:

Area of steel in tension, Ast =

Bottom, yb =
Compress. edge, ds =

12.0 in
30.7 ksi
-2.60
8.69
23.4
12.6

MPa
mm
mm
mm

Analysis Completed

( 11 bars)

Maximum bar spacing by AASHTO LRFD 4th Edition, 2006

s = 1+(clr+db/2)/[0.7(h-clr-db/2)] =
Exposure factor, e =

1.154

0.75
Corresponds to crack limit width =
0.013
Calculated crack width, wk =
0.0107
Smax = 700e/(sfs) - 2(clr+db/2) =
7.8
Check maximum bar spacing S Smax

Class 1 exposure e = 1.00, Class 2 e = 0.75)

in
in
in

(0.27 mm)
(5.7.3.4-1)
5.5in 7.8in

OK

Maximum bar spacing by ACI 318-05

Smax = 600 /fs - 2clr =
13.6
Smax = 4800 /fs =
15.7
Smax =
13.6 in
Check maximum bar spacing S Smax

(10-4)

5.5in 13.6in

OK

5.5

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Crack control by Australian standard AS3600

Exposure:
B2 C and U - permanent effects at serviceability limit state
Element:
Beam
Maximum allowable steel stress
Beams
Slabs and walls
Table 8.6.1(A) fs =575-130Ln(db) =
22
580 ksi
Table 8.6.1(B) fs = 320-0.8S) =
30
395.6 ksi
fs(max) = max(A,B) =
30
60 ksi
Check maximum steel stress fs fs(max)
ks =
0.6 flexure
fs = min(fy,Tabel 8.6.1A) =
22 ksi
Ast.min. = 3ks(Act/fs) =
5 in
Ast =
8.69 in
Check minimum reinforcement Ast.min. Ast

case =

30.7 > 30.2

N.G.

59

OK

(8.6.1)

Crack width calculated by British Standard

distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
acr = [(S)+(c+db)]-db =
4.0 in
Concrete stiffening factor ks =
Crack limit width =
Strain at the tension face
1 = (fc/Ect)(h-c)/c =

1.0 (1.5 if limiting crack width of 0.1mm, otherwise 1.0)

0.2 mm

0.001269
2 = ksAct(h-c)/(3EsAst(ds-c)) = 0.0001658
m = 1-2 = 0.001104
wk = 3acrm/[1+2(acr-clr)/(h-c)] =
0.012 in

Check maximum crack width Wk Wk,max

(0.31 mm)
0.31mm 0.2mm

N.G.

Crack width calculated by Euro Code 2 [ EN1992-1-1:2004(E) ]

Limiting crack with W k,max =

0.2 mm

Bond coefficient

k1 =

0.8

Strain distribution coefficient

k2 =

0.5

k3 =

3.4

k4 =

0.425

kt =
Load duration coefficient
hc,ef = min[2.5(h-d), (h-c)/3] =

0.4

=
Ac,eff (hc,ef) =
p,eff = Ast/Ac,eff =

(0.8 for deformed bars and 1.6 for plain bars)

(0.5 for bending, 1.0 for pure tension)
( country specific, recommended 3.4, 1.0 used in earlier code)
( country specific, recommended 0.425 , 0.25 used earlier code)
(0.6 for short term and 0.4 for long term loading)

8 in
1.962 rad
168 in
0.0517

Maximum crack spacing

Bar spacing S =
Sr,max=k3c+k1k2k4db/p,eff =
Sr,max = 1.3(h-c) =

5.5 mm 5(clr+db/2) =

17.5 mm

13 in

(7.11)

31 in

(7.14)

esm, ecm - steel and conc. strains

esm-ecm = [fs-ktf'cf(1+np,eff)/p,eff]/Es 0.6fs/Es =
Crack width Wk=Sr,max(esm-ecm) =

0.012 in

Check maximum crack width Wk Wk,max

0.00087 (7.9)
(0.3 mm) (7.8)
0.3mm 0.2mm

N.G.

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Strain-Compatibility Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Section

Note: Bottom fibers in compression
Materials:
Concrete f'c =
Steel

fy =

60 ksi

Ultimate strain c =

1 =

Ec = 4069.6 ksi
Es = 29000 ksi
n = Es/Ec =
7.1

5 ksi
0.003

0.80

Design Code:

ACI 318-05
b =
Resistance Factors:
Confinement:
Spiral

c =

0.9

0.7

0.700

Section Properties:
Shape: Circular
Diameter , h =
36 in
Concrete Ag = 1017.88 in

39.37
Steel As =

12.64 in

Area, in
Centroid from bottom, in
Ac
nAs
Ac+nAs
Yc
Ys
Y
0 1017.876
18
0
18
Gross Concrete 1017.88
1017.88
77.4318
1095.308
18
18
18
Transformed
18 17.9849
Cracked transformed 1016.95 77.4318 1094.379 17.984
Loads:
P =
M =

0 kip
641 kip-ft

Bending direction:

P=
(calculated)

kip

Moment Inertia, in^4

Ic
nIs
I
82448
0 82448
82448 7588.31 90036
82152 7588.33 89740

The only variable allowed to change on this sheet

(Positve for compression)

bottom fibers in tension

Axial capacity calculations

Pu(max) = k1[0.85f'c(bh-As)+fyAs] = 2993.24 kip
k1 = 0.85
Pu(min) = (fyAs) = -682.56 kip
Equivalent depth of concrete compression zone, a =
28.6 in
Neutral axis location (from the bottom), c = a/1 =
35.8 in

(Compression)
(Tension)

Curvature, = c/c = -8E-005 1/in

Static Equilibrity Equations
Sum of Forces = 0
-0.85f'cAc = -3686.6 kip
(As*(fs-fc)) = -454.18 kip
P=
Total

0 kip
-4140.8

Ac = 867.437 in
h/2-Yc = 2.36294 in
= 2.20113 rad

Sum of Moments = 0
(As(fs-fc)(Ys-h/2)) =
0.85f'cAc(h/2-Yc) =
M=

190 kip-ft
725.9 kip-ft
915.5 kip-ft

Recalculate!

Equivalent concrete area in compression (based on 'a')

Distance from the centroid of gross section to the centroid of Ac
Central angle (for circular section only)

Calculating in accordance with AS3600 and AS5100

N=
Flexure and axial load,

Nu =

0.800

Mu =

732.3915

Pure flexure, o

0.800

oMuo =

1495.657

Flexure and axial load,

=

0.656 (for constructing interaction diagram only)

0.8 a = kud*
Current

Muo
N=0

Mud
N=0

Nub

Nu =
Mu =
Ast =
Asc =
d=
d' =
ku =

0
915
0
13
0.0
13.0

0
1870
6896
1505
677.7
141.3

0
193334
6896
1505
677.7
150.4

5769
2646
6294
2107
731.4
178.9

###

0.344

0.400

0.600

kud =

0.0

233.3

271.1

438.8

a = kud* =

0.0
0
-454

178.7
3284
-236

216.9
4099
-324

336.2
2189
-589

-3687
-4140.781

-3048
-2E-008

-3775
-5E-013

-7369
0

Ts =
Cs =
Cc = -0.85f'cAc =
Sum(P)=

Nout
-758