A genome is an organs complete set of DNA, including all of it genes. Chromosomes become more tightly packed during cell division. A karyotype is an image of an individual's collection of chromosomes.
A genome is an organs complete set of DNA, including all of it genes. Chromosomes become more tightly packed during cell division. A karyotype is an image of an individual's collection of chromosomes.
A genome is an organs complete set of DNA, including all of it genes. Chromosomes become more tightly packed during cell division. A karyotype is an image of an individual's collection of chromosomes.
A genome is an organs complete set of DNA, including all of it genes. Chromosomes become more tightly packed during cell division. A karyotype is an image of an individual's collection of chromosomes.
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Genomes, Chromosomes, and DNA Web Quest
Topic: Genomes and Chromosomes Go to: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/hgp/genome 1. What is a genome?
A genome is an organs complete set of DNA, including all of it genes.
2. On the left hand side, click on cells and DNA. Explore this site to answer the following questions: a. What is a chromosome? A DNA molecule that is packaged into thread-like structures. b. When are chromosomes visible? When the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division.
c. What is a centromere? The construction point that divides the chromosome into two sections. d. How many chromosomes do people have? 23 pairs
Go to: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/traits/karyotype/ 3. What is a karyotype? An individuals collection of chromosomes. Also refers to a technique the produces an image of an individuals chromosomes. 4. Match the chromosomes to complete the karyotype (turn on hints for help). Is the karyotype from a male or female? How do you know? This karyotype is male because of the X and Y chromosomes.
Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012
Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction
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5. Predict what would happen if a person has the incorrect number of
chromosomes. Write your prediction here. The person would be more likely be susceptible to
6. Do a quick google search to find the answer to question 5.
More chromosome means added genetic material or duplicated genetic
material. This commonly results in Down syndrome. Less chromosome means missing some genetic material, this will result in missing enzymes or insufficient enzymes.
As a class you determined that chromosomes must be duplicated before the cell can divide. This process is called DNA Replication. Topic: DNA Replication Go to: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/shockwave.html Click: DNA replication (upper left) and then click unzip Read the script, answer the questions below, and then, click OK. 1.
2.
In a real cell, what does the DNA molecule do before it unzips?
The molecule unwinds from spools made from protein, then untwist.
What molecules break the rungs (bases) apart?
The DNA molecule is known to break the rungs apart. In order for this to be accomplished, the bases must synthesize with the DNA.
Drag the correct bases over to synthesize the new DNA halves. Read script, answer questions, and then click OK. 3.
How many base pairs are in the real human genome?
Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012
Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction
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3 billion
Go to: http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/dna_double_helix/ Click on Play DNA Game; Click next and reading each page, continue to click next until you come to the game.; Click on organism #1 and match the base pairs as fast as you can! It is hard. Click next and then click on each organism until you identify the one that belongs to chromosome #1; continue playing the game with the other two chromosomes, filling in the chart below. Be careful, other teams may get different results. Chromosome # 1
How many chromosomes? 20
How many base pairs? 2,500 million
How many genes? 22,000
14
22.7 million
5,300
16
11.7 million
6,300
What is the organism? House Mouse Malaria parasite Bakers yeast
Topic: Mutations Go to: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/mutations_03 Read the information and fill out the table below: Type of mutation Substitution
Description A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another
Effect on resulting protein
Change a codon to one that encodes the same amino acid and causes no change in the protein produced.
Insertion
Extra base pairs are inserted into a
new place in the DNA.
The protein made by the gene may not
function properly.
Deletion
A section of DNA is lost, or deleted.
Small deletions may remove one or a few
base pairs within a gene, while larger deletions can remove an entire gene or several neighboring genes.
Beyond DNA: From Cellular Mechanisms to Environmental Factors: How Epigenetics Shapes Our Biological Destiny and its Implications for Health, Behavior, and the Future of Research
Beyond DNA: From Cellular Mechanisms to Environmental Factors: How Epigenetics Shapes Our Biological Destiny and its Implications for Health, Behavior, and the Future of Research
