1. The document discusses a student presentation on genetic engineering that covers its history, applications, processes and techniques, the Dolly sheep cloning experiment, and advantages and disadvantages.
2. Genetic engineering has applications in medicine like producing human insulin, agriculture by developing drought-resistant crops, and environmental conservation.
3. Techniques used in genetic engineering include the plasmid and vector methods, biolistic method, and the newer CRISPR gene editing technique.
1. The document discusses a student presentation on genetic engineering that covers its history, applications, processes and techniques, the Dolly sheep cloning experiment, and advantages and disadvantages.
2. Genetic engineering has applications in medicine like producing human insulin, agriculture by developing drought-resistant crops, and environmental conservation.
3. Techniques used in genetic engineering include the plasmid and vector methods, biolistic method, and the newer CRISPR gene editing technique.
1. The document discusses a student presentation on genetic engineering that covers its history, applications, processes and techniques, the Dolly sheep cloning experiment, and advantages and disadvantages.
2. Genetic engineering has applications in medicine like producing human insulin, agriculture by developing drought-resistant crops, and environmental conservation.
3. Techniques used in genetic engineering include the plasmid and vector methods, biolistic method, and the newer CRISPR gene editing technique.
1. The document discusses a student presentation on genetic engineering that covers its history, applications, processes and techniques, the Dolly sheep cloning experiment, and advantages and disadvantages.
2. Genetic engineering has applications in medicine like producing human insulin, agriculture by developing drought-resistant crops, and environmental conservation.
3. Techniques used in genetic engineering include the plasmid and vector methods, biolistic method, and the newer CRISPR gene editing technique.
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Baghdad University
Faculty of Medicine Department of Pharmacology
GENETIC ENGINEERING Student preparation: 1. Shams Mohammed Sabri 2. Shams Mohammed Abd Alhameed 3. Shahad Ahmed mohammed The stage: 1st stage Under supervision Dr. Mohammed Abd Alhassan Jabara Headlines of the topics we are going to discuss in this presentation:
1. A brief history about genetic engineering
2. Applications of genetic engineering 3. Process and techniques 4. Dolly sheep experiment 5. Advantages and disadvantage of genetic engineering 6.CRISPR: the next step in Genetic manipulation Introduction : • Q. what is Genetic Engineering ? • Genetic Engineering, also called Recombinant DNA Technology, involves the group of techniques used to cut up and join together genetic material, especially DNA from different biological species, and to introduce the resulting hybrid DNA into an organism in order to form new combinations of heritable genetic material. A brief history of Genetic Engineering : • The history of Genetic Engineering dates back to the early 1970s when scientists first developed the techniques for manipulating DNA.
1. 1972: the first successful recombinant DNA
experiment was performed by Paul Berg at Stanford University. This experiment involved the insertion of apiece of DNA from a bacteriophage into the DNA of a bacterium. 2. 1973-1974: Stanley Cohen & Herbert Boyer developed a technique for cloning genes from one organism into another. They used this technique to create the first genetically modified organism, a bacterium that was resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin. • 3. 1982: the first genetically engineered drug, human insulin, was approved by the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA). This insulin was produced genetically modified bacteria that had been engineered to produce human insulin.
• 4. 1983: the first genetically modified plant was
created by researchers at Washington University in St. Louis. The plant, a tobacco plant, was genetically modified to be resistant to an antibiotic. • 5. 1996: the first genetically modified animal, a mouse, was created by researchers at the University of Hawaii. The mouse was modified to be more prone to developing cancer, which allowed researchers to study the disease more effectively.
• 6. 2012: the genome of a human embryo was
sequenced for the first time using next- generation sequencing techniques. This breakthrough opened up new avenues for Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy. 3. Applications of Genetic Engineering: Genetic Engineering has a wide range of applications in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental conservation. Here are some examples of Genetic Engineering applications:
• In medicine For example, the production of human insulin using
genetically modified bacteria and the development of gene therapy for genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis
• In agriculture for example, genetically modified crops such as Bt cotton,
which produces its own insecticide, and drought-resistant maize have been developed using genetic engineering techniques. • • Environmental conservation: For example, genetically modified bacteria that can break down oil spills and carbon dioxideabsorbing tree • Forensic science: Genetic Engineering techniques such as DNA fingerprinting have been instrumental in solving crimes and identifying suspects. DNA fingerprinting involves the analysis of DNA samples to identify unique patterns that can be used to identify individuals. Process & Techniques used in Genetic Engineering:
• Process: DNA's double helix consists of a base pair: two bases on opposite strands of the DNA molecule. Genetic manipulation may mean changing one base pair (A-T or C-G), removing a whole region of DNA, bringing in an additional copy of a gene, or extracting DNA from one organism's genome and joining it with the DNA with the DNA of another. • Techniques 1. plasmid method 2. vector method 3. biolistic method 4. CRISPR: the next step in genetic manipulation: • CRISPR-Cas is a new technology of Genetic Engineering. The technology works by changing characteristics through genetic alternations or adding entirely new genetic information. Dolly sheep experiment HOW THEY CLONED A SHEEP
• 1. Scientists took udder cells from Dolly’s
DNA mother. They let the cells multiply and then they stopped the process when they had divided enough.
• 2. They took an egg cell from a different
sheep and removed the nucleus. • 3. They put one udder cell next to the egg cell without a nucleus and joined them using electricity. The egg cell now contained all the udder cell’s DNA.
• 4. The egg cell divided until it developed
into an embryo. An embryo is the early stage of an animal before it has been born or hatched. This embryo was placed inside a third sheep. Five months later, this sheep gave birth to Dolly Thank you.
Download ebooks file (Ebook) Myeloid Leukemia: Methods and Protocols by Harry Iland, Mark Hertzberg, Paula Marlton ISBN 9781588294852, 9781597450171, 1588294854, 1597450170 all chapters
Download ebooks file (Ebook) Myeloid Leukemia: Methods and Protocols by Harry Iland, Mark Hertzberg, Paula Marlton ISBN 9781588294852, 9781597450171, 1588294854, 1597450170 all chapters
