World Peace

Baha’u’llah’s Bishārāt (Glad-Tidings):
A Proclamation to Scholars and Statesmen
Christopher Buck and Youli A. Ioannesyan
Baha’i Studies Review 16 (2010): 3–28.

This article is a historical and textual study of the one of the major writings of Baha’u’llah: the Lawḥ-i Bishārāt (‘Tablet of Glad-Tidings’), revealed circa 1891, and advances new theories as to its provenance and purpose. The ‘Tablet of Glad-Tidings’ is a selective compendium of Baha’u’llah’s laws and principles, sequentially presented in a series of fifteen ‘Glad-Tidings.’ As the Arabic term, bishārāt, suggests, these ‘Glad-Tidings’ were a public announcement of some of the essential teachings of the new Baha’i religion. The ‘Glad-Tidings’ is the most extensive of several ‘Tablets’ by Baha’u’llah that present key teachings in a numbered structure. The Glad-Tidings may, in part, be regarded as serially articulated ‘world reforms’ intermixed with religious reforms emanating from Baha’u’llah in his professed role as ‘World Reformer.’ The ‘Glad-Tidings’ also functioned analogously (albeit anachronistically) to a press release, serving not only as a public proclamation, but to rectify the inaccuracies and gross misrepresentations that had previously circulated in print. Intended for widespread translation and publication, the Glad-Tidings was sent to scholars — notably Russian orientalist, Baron Viktor Rosen (1849–1908) and Cambridge Orientalist, Edward Granville Browne (1862–1926) — and possibly pre-revolutionary Russian statesmen as well. As a ‘Proclamatory Aqdas,’ the Tablet of Glad-Tidings was part of a much broader proclamation by Baha’u’llah, who proclaimed his mission to the political and religious leaders of the world. This study will argue that the Baha’u’llah may have revealed the Tablet of Glad-Tidings for E.G. Browne — or rather through him, since Baha’u’llah evidently intended that Browne should translate and publish the Bishārāt in order to make the nature of the Baha'i teachings more widely known. This would then correct the distortions that had previously been published regarding Baha’u’llah's purpose and the nature of the religion that he founded, thereby, promoting a public awareness that a new world religion was on the horizon of modernity.

Any individual who is full of love, brotherhood and peace is of tremendous value not only for himself, his family, or his country, but humanity at large. Mahatma Gandhi was one such being who has not hated even his enemies and followed the path of complete non-violence till his last breath. Truth to Gandhi was synonymous with God. He followed Ahimsa as comprehensive principle, which emerges out of deep love and compassion towards other. What he strove to achieve through Ahimsa was ultimately to realize Moksha (spiritual liberation) or God. It is an established fact that all religion, belief system, and civilizations on earth teach tolerance, harmonious coexistence, peace, non-discrimination and respect of the rights of the human beings without considering, what his colour, class, creed, culture, or belief is. All religions urge people to cooperate in the achievement of righteousness and calls for mutual understanding, love, cohesion and harmony among all people on the earth. Still there is continued development of weapons of mass destruction, armed conflicts between states and ethnic groups. There is spread of racism, gender inequality, community violence, massive violations of human rights the gap between the rich and the poor is still huge and widening throughout the globalized economy. Teachings of Mahatma Gandhi are the way to resolve conflict. As Peace is the first condition for stability, harmonious coexistence, love and brotherhood must be enriched by social, cultural and spiritual values together with religious and human values. An Attempt has been made in this paper to understand teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and to throw light on importance of non violence in present era.

Bertrand Russell was one of the great public intellectuals of the 20th century.  During WWI he turned from logic and analysis to working for peace and a better future for all humanity.  His humanism and public writings deserve serious study.  (The peace symbol comes from the anti-nuclear-war group he led later.)  Here I contrast him with other intellectuals of the period such as Dewey and Santayana, and relate him to Julien Benda and Romain Rolland.

This paper is about how ius ad bellum "right to war" has developed throughout history. The research questions is has international law governing the use of force been sufficiently effective in limiting wars and international conflicts? In the literature, there are not many historical accounts of ius ad bellum enabling a comprehensive understanding of this principle in the international law. The author offers a historical overview starting with the ancient times, the Middle Ages, the Enlightenment through to the modern era of the 20th and 21st Centuries. As Tehranian (2003: 143), observed, ''It is certainly true that the 20th century has been the bloodiest in all known human history. From the first and second world wars to Hitler’s holocaust, Pol Pot’s massacres, and all the postwar bloody conflicts in Korea, Vietnam, the Persian Gulf, and more—leaving no breathing space, they caused the death and destruction of millions of people. Over 170 million people were killed by governments in official acts of genocide such as the Holocaust.'' However, ''Since 1900, about 250 new international and civil wars have been waged in which over 100 million soldiers and another 100 million civilians have died.'' According to Ikeda and Tehranian (2003: 143), ''Counting only military casualties, the 18th century had a casualty rate of 50 per million population per year as compared to 60 per million during the 19th century and over 460 per million for the 20th century.'' Consequently, the evolution of the jus ad bellum and its significance in different historical eras presented may prompt one to assume that it have had a minor impact on states’ propensity to wage wars. The decision about going to war was based on the ‘necessity of nature’, justified on the grounds of just war theory, claimed to be a legitimate privilege of sovereign states, or it was determined by power politics and balance of power rather than by international law. It might be concluded that a state with the power to project force feel free to use it whenever they think its use will advance their national interest. This is particularly in the context of recent unlawful military interventions by permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. The critical question has been asked by Morris (2005: 287), ''can international society utilize international law to constrain the behaviour of states, especially great powers and particularly with regard to the use of force?'' Had Great Powers acted motivated more by normative concerns - by aborting competition in spheres of influence, great power chauvinism, false pride, annexations, military invasions, and cruel, senseless war causing cruelty in the form of humanitarian tragedies and refugee crises, there would have been more peace. As long as some leaders of Great Powers are stuck in Cold War mentality - practising political repression - progress in international politics is stalled. Resurgent revanchism, imperialism, competition over territory and resources, historical rivalries and grievances, plus great power rivalry i.e. trying to prevent a rival dominating the geopolitical space, the zone of strategic interest, or from becoming more integrated with the opposing alliance are only some examples of the reasons for why countries go to modern wars of choice. Security dilemma remains the essence, the threat from an opposing alliance only serves as a sufficient pretext to invasion and creation an external enemy that obviously aims to unite its nationals around the flag, escalating and blinding nationalism - this way, nations become angry. The Bible teaches in Revelation 11: 18, ''And the nations were angry; and Thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that Thou shouldest give reward unto Thy servants the prophets, and to the saints and them that fear Thy name, small and great, and shouldest destroy them that destroy the earth.” Power competition happens because power abhors vacuum, all states struggle for is power, it is inherent in the human nature. Pathetic, as for reality of the 21st Century great power politics, but on top of states, there are often weak human beings. In the past, there have been lot wars caused by power hungry leaders who wanted more territories, resources and money for themselves. Such leaders actually destroy the Earth as they are not educated in survival research and not trained in building trust between nations and states through diplomatic means. They believe there is nothing wrong with sacrificing millions of innocent civilian lives whether their own citizens (soldiers who are forced to fight) or citizens on occupied territories to the war machine. Where is international law in the cases of humanitarian crises, refugee crises, human rights violations, war crimes, heavy and hideous bombardment, destructive, demonic and apocalyptic shelling and other international crimes committed by mad tyrants? Where is international law when cataclysmic war between great powers might have significant global impacts for human and energy security, food market leading to social unrest and financial collapse? This might happen since there is not yet a well-functioning international mechanism for sovereign debt restructuring and it should be at the top of the global agenda (Krueger, 2022). Can international law effectively stop the ridicule of evil, a modern war machine that could aggravate wider economic and social upheaval? It would seem that international law is manipulated by the great powers to suit their national interest while the whole world suffers. Does the law which is upheld mostly by the most powerful great powers exempt them from abiding by the same law? However, the above does not mean that law is not effective most of the time, or that it is not necessary in contemporary international relations. Historical analysis presented below (if it is any consolation) suggests that it is very likely that there would have been even more wars and they would have had more disruptive character if not for the jus ad bellum. Can humanity be hopeful that the 21st Century will be a century of peaceful life? To do that humanity must continue to make progress in reducing armaments, limit the production of the most destructive weapons, continue with denuclearization and invest in the strong body of international law which decisively constrains armed conflict, thereby sending a clear message to dictators, mad tyrants, ruthless autocrats and nostalgic imperialists. This way, a new century can be peaceful. This world has endless problems, these are in fact, global challenges that are spiralling out of control. Many perplexing problems such as: conflict, climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, violence, security and well being, lack of education, unemployment, government corruption, malnourishment, hunger, food security, population growth, extreme poverty and war remain unsolved, hindering the realization of global peace. A sense of complacency in the West continues, with the Soviet Union gone in 1991, there was no clear adversary that made it possible to rally behind a common cause. Václav Havel, a statesman and the first president of independent Czechoslovakia observed in 1994, “All of us continue to pay lip service to democracy, human rights, the order of nature and responsibility for the world.'' However, the West erred in thinking it could turn its attention elsewhere, assuming that the struggle for peace and freedom—the future Havel and many others had fought to secure—ended with the Cold War. Today, armed conflict in Europe and a global crisis of democracy give renewed resonance to Havel’s warning: winning the peace is “an even more difficult task” than winning the war.'' To win peace there has to be a strong framework of international law worldwide. Therefore, it is in the interest of all members of the international society to ensure that international law is adhered to, tightly regulated and covers most recent and current developments (i.e. is sufficiently innovative and reduces a perception of hypocrisy - at the moment, too many states make a false impression that they obey the jus ad bellum, as they justify a breach on the grounds of this law when actually, and intentionally, they break it in an outright manner). As Johan Galtung noticed, a major fault in Western civilization is not rule of law but focusing only on acts of commission and not on acts of omission. Consistency of norms creates norms of international law. All states must abide by these norms or these norms will evaporate. An effective law must be able to be enforced and be enforceable. When law is breached, there is a reasonably high likelihood that the offender will be caught and punished for violation so that traitors and tyrants fight in vain. Only a strong body of international law with strong enforcement mechanisms could limit cases of possible breaches, thereby giving a chance for the 21st Century to be peaceful.

A cursory review of publicly available literature suggests Maharishi Mahesh Yogi dedicated a significant portion of his life to articulating theories and principles of world peace and working tirelessly towards applying them. From 1955 onwards, he wrote extensively on the topic of individual and collective peace, including analyses of the nature and origins of peace, the relationship of individual peace to world peace, the contribution of individual consciousness to collective consciousness with a focus on the phenomenon of ‘coherence’, the nature of ‘invincibility’ and its relation to peace in social, physical and biological systems, and the role of stress in creating disharmony and imbalance in world consciousness as they manifest in violence, terrorism and war.
Maharishi also presented his ‘Philosophy of World Peace’, his ‘Fundamentals of World Peace’, and several versions of his ‘Absolute Theory of Defence’, and he published specialist white papers on world peace directed to the United Nations and other international organizations like UNESCO and the World Health Organization. He even commented on speeches by world leaders, such as those of Leonard Brezhnev, then chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R., while promoting evidence-based methods and programs for creating peace and launching a global research program to investigate them.
In order to capture and codify what Maharishi wrote about peace, this Part I of a two-part series of research papers seeks to identify Maharishi’s main themes of world peace through an analysis of his publications from 1955 to 2015. The paper draws from an archive of 170 published documents by or attributable to Maharishi between those years, using this foundational material to unearth primary sources of the themes and thereby methodically create a framework for comprehending and presenting Maharishi’s views on the topic of world peace across five decades.

David W. Orme-Johnson & Lee Fergusson. World peace is the urgent goal of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi’s revival of the consciousness-based technologies of ancient Vedic India. Towards this end, Maharishi created a worldwide organisation, founded universities in several countries, and trained over 20,000 teachers of the Transcendental Meditation technique who in turn have taught it to approximately ten million people, which for five decades has increasingly created an influence of harmony in the world. Maharishi’s approach to peace is through creating coherence in collective consciousness, which he holds to be the fundamental force governing the quality of life in society. The individual is the unit of collective consciousness, with each individual contributing to all collective levels—family, city, state, national, and world.
Reciprocally, each level of collective consciousness influences every individual’s mind and behaviour. Therefore, the quality of consciousness of the individuals in society is the grass roots cause of the quality of collective consciousness. Stressed and sleepy individuals not only have poor judgement, make mistakes, and cause suffering for themselves and family, friends, and associates, they also propagate an influence of stress into collective consciousness that affects everyone in society, inclusive of the entire world. Through Maharishi’s Transcendental Meditation technique, the individual mind effortlessly transcends through increasingly subtle levels of thinking to arrive at the completely silent state of pure consciousness at the deepest level of the mind, which is unbounded awareness and infinite peace. Pure consciousness is held to be the direct experience of the transcendental unified field of Natural Law governing all forms and phenomena in the universe.
Extensive research shows that regular experience of it through Maharishi’s Transcendental Meditation technique and his advanced Transcendental Meditation-Sidhi program, including Yogic Flying, creates an influence of harmony, not only throughout all levels of the individual’s physiology, mind, and social behaviour, but also throughout all levels of collective consciousness with which the individual is associated. The influence of the meditator on his or her family, community, nation, and world enhances lively, creative, and dynamic interactions among the different groups in society. Collective behaviour on every level becomes harmonious and mutually supportive, unifying society into one orderly, evolutionary, balanced structure of natural law. This is called coherence in collective consciousness.
Maharishi identifies the basis of war and terrorism as stress in collective consciousness, which is the opposite of coherence. In this view, mistakes, problems, and difficulties within individual lives accumulate as collective stress. When stress in collective consciousness is left to increase unabated, it reaches a phase transition threshold at which point violence breaks out in society, such as in violent crimes, strikes, riots, terrorism, and war. The way to reduce stress in the individual and society and ultimately to end war is to transcend, which is to bring pure consciousness to the awareness of the individual mind and hence into collective consciousness.
Not everyone in society needs to meditate to have this effect. A general principle in science is that the coherent elements of a system have a more powerful effect than the incoherent elements. Extensive, well-controlled empirical research demonstrates that when 1% of a local or national population experiences pure consciousness through the practice of Maharishi’s Transcendental Meditation technique or when a group of the square root of 1% of a population experiences it through his Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program, greater coherence in collective consciousness is propagated, thereby resolving conflict and improving the quality of life of the city, nation, or world. The phenomenon of 1% of the population practicing the Transcendental Meditation technique improving the quality of life in the larger society is called the Maharishi Effect, whereas the effect created by a group of the square root of 1% of the population practicing the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program is called the Extended Maharishi Effect.
Research carried out internationally by multiple research teams to investigate the theory and research on the Maharishi Effect began in the early 1970s and continues to the present day. Of the 700 studies on the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program, more than 50 have investigated its effects on society. These studies have shown such changes as reductions in crime, accidents, mortality, war, and terrorism and improvements in economic indicators and the general quality of life.
Moreover, this body of studies is the only truly experimental research in the history of the social sciences to show such holistic improvements in society on the scales of entire cities, states, nations, and the world. Included in these studies are ones that have experimentally created groups practicing the Transcendental Meditation and Transcendental Meditation-Sidhi program in large populations with the predicted outcomes on specific social indicators, lodged in advance with independent project review boards.
This research has used state-of-the-art statistical methodologies to control for trends and cycles in the data, indicating that the observed changes were new and unpredicted. These studies have controlled for a wide range of demographic, political, environmental, and other variables, ruling out alternative hypotheses. Some studies have used causal analyses, which indicate the causal role of the Transcendental Meditation and Transcendental Meditation-Sidhi programs in causing the measured improvements in society. These findings have been published in leading peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented and published in the proceedings of professional conferences. The current paper has been written to overview the theory and research on this historic phenomenon that is now improving the destiny of humanity.

Lee Fergusson. A cursory review of publicly available literature suggests Maharishi Mahesh Yogi dedicated a significant portion of his life to articulating theories and principles of world peace and working tirelessly towards applying them. From 1955 onwards, he wrote extensively on the topic of individual and collective peace, including analyses of the nature and origins of peace, the relationship of individual peace to world peace, the contribution of individual consciousness to collective consciousness with a focus on the phenomenon of ‘coherence’, the nature of ‘invincibility’ and its relation to peace in social, physical and biological systems, and the role of stress in creating disharmony and imbalance in world consciousness as they manifest in violence, terrorism and war.
Maharishi also presented his ‘Philosophy of World Peace’, his ‘Fundamentals of World Peace’, and several versions of his ‘Absolute Theory of Defence’, and he published specialist white papers on world peace directed to the United Nations and other international organizations like UNESCO and the World Health Organization. He even commented on speeches by world leaders, such as those of Leonard Brezhnev, then chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R., while promoting evidence-based methods and programs for creating peace and launching a global research program to investigate them.

In order to capture and codify what Maharishi wrote about peace, this Part I of a two-part series of research papers seeks to identify Maharishi’s main themes of world peace through an analysis of his publications from 1955 to 2015. The paper draws from an archive of 170 published documents by or attributable to Maharishi between those years, using this foundational material to unearth primary sources of the themes and thereby methodically create a framework for comprehending and presenting Maharishi’s views on the topic of world peace across five decades.

The Russian Federation is currently and will remain, for the foreseeable future, the country that possesses the second largest number of nuclear warheads. This highly armed state has, like the Soviet Union before it and the US today, an overkill capacity. As their communist predecessors in the Kremlin, the political leaders of post-Soviet Russia command enough weapons of mass destruction to destroy humankind several times. Russia's current rulers, moreover, act within a political system in which parliamentary control of the armed forces, checks and balances between branches of power, civil society monitoring of officials, or investigative journalism on top politicians are either absent or underdeveloped. Russia's political system represents a form of electoral authoritarianism in which power holders are only dependent on the integrity of their command chain, and of their public support constantly regenerated by the government's information policies.

God & Apple Pie: Religious Myths and Visions of America
by Christopher Buck
Kingston, NY: Educator's International Press, 2015

Contents
Introduction, by J. Gordon Melton
Chapter 1: America: Nation and Notion
Chapter 2: Native American Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 3: Protestant Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 4: The Christian Right’s Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 5: Catholic Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 6: Jewish Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 7: Mormon Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 8: Christian Identity Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 9: Black Muslim Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 10: Contemporary Muslim Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 11: Buddhist Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 12: Baha’i Myths and Visions of America
Chapter 13: Conclusion: How Minority Faiths Redefined America’s World Role

Two sample chapters (by publisher's permission):
1.  Native American Myths and Visions of America (Chapter 2)
2.  Black Muslim Myths and Visions of America (Chapter 9)

Amazon:
https://www.amazon.com/God-Apple-Pie-Religious-Visions/dp/1891928155/

Introduction by J. Gordon Melton,
Distinguished Professor of American Religious History, Baylor University

Far from being an interesting additional topic for the religious dilettante, the discussion around the theological reality that is America, periodically bursts forth as an important item on the nation's agenda, from the place of prayer services in the White House, to the issuance of an annual government report on religious persecution, to the rise of contemporary terrorism. As one traces radical Islam, for example, one arrives at the writings of one Sayyid Qutb, an Egyptian who spent some of his younger years in America, and came away with his own vision of a country mired in sin and decadence. He would posit America as the image of everything he hoped to escape in promoting the agenda of the Muslim Brotherhood.

Now, in all honesty, I must admit that over the years as I encountered all of the intriguing, even fascinating, ideas about America in the great cosmic scheme of things, I never got around to systematically gathering the different visions and trying to make sense of them in any detailed fashion. Thus, I have been more than happy to receive, and now with this modest introduction, pass along to my scholarly colleagues and the reading public the work of Christopher Buck.

During his years of observation and research, Buck has surveyed the spectrum of visions of America that have energized and motivated the America's religious community, and has selected from among them a sample that both (1) represents the spectrum of opinion about America and its importance, and (2) highlights the more important visions of America that have shaped and are continuing to shape the way we understand this country we call home. His work calls us to become self-conscious about the assumptions we use in our day-to-day movements that massage the ways we approach our neighbors, our colleagues at work, and the politicians for whom we vote.

Buck begins with the visions of America present at the founding of the nation, aspects of which still strongly permeate the culture today, and have found a new home among conservative Protestants in their innovative idea of Christian America. Amid the Protestant context, we often forget the role of the Roman Catholic Church, which became the largest religious body in America in the 1840s and is now three times larger than its nearest competitor. At the end of the nineteenth century, a controversy on Americanism would erupt around Catholic visions of their place in a changing world that would drive it from participation in the nation's public square for a half-century, and molded its reentrance after World War II.

And then there are all the other-than-Christian religions, from Ahmadiyya Muslims to Zoroastrians, all of which possess their its own vision of America that shapes their appropriation of life in the United States and guides their development as their place in the nation was challenged, then accepted, and most recently affirmed and even celebrated by the nation as a whole. We have watched as Buddhists have carved out a place as cultural peacemakers, Muslims have struggled with separation of religion and government, and Baha'is have tried to understand the communication of their founder, Baha'u'llah, with the presidents of the Americas collectively, and with 'Abdu'l-Baha's statements about the destiny of America in particular. All of this occurs in the ebb and flow of religious life. One day we envision the possible unity of America's religions only to be thrown up against the many harsh divisions, which motivates us once more to seek realms of agreement, which again highlights the array of issues that can drive wedges between those who accept the label "American" as part of their self-identity.

In conclusion, I can, as a scholar, reflect on the contribution that this book, Religious Myths and Visions of America: God and Apple Pie, is making to our understanding of the American mosaic and how various segments of the religious community have found their way to being American. As an informed citizen I welcome its information that allows me to empathize with and make informed decisions relative to those with whom I might align (or oppose) as I sally forth in the public square. And on a personal level, I welcome the author's invitation for me to meet anew the residents of my neighborhood, those who shop in the same stores I do, send their children to the same schools my grandchildren attend, and diligently work toward their own appropriation of the American dream.

J. Gordon Melton
Distinguished Professor of American Religious History
Baylor University

January 2015 — This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

Part I of this two-part series of research papers  sought to identify the main themes of world peace as proposed by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi through an analysis of his published literature from 1957 to 2015. Part I noted that Maharishi wrote extensively of individual and collective peace, including analyses of the nature and origins of peace, the relationship of individual peace to world peace, the contribution of individual consciousness to collective consciousness, the nature of ‘invincibility’ and its relation to peace in social, physical, and biological systems, and the role of stress in creating disharmony and imbalance in world consciousness.
Maharishi also encouraged neurophysiological and social science research on stress and coherence, and presented a ‘Philosophy of World Peace’, a list of ‘Fundamentals of World Peace’, and several versions of his ‘Absolute Theory of Defence’, which collectively represent a wealth of theoretical and quantitative information on the topic of peace.
This Part II, which should be read in conjunction with Part I, builds on the foundations of the first paper by examining the plans, programs, and events that Maharishi designed and implemented over a 50-year period to not only operationalize his theories and philosophies of world peace, but also to provide demonstrable evidence of their effectiveness when activated through technologies and applied social welfare initiatives. As in Part I, this Part II draws from an archive of published documents by or attributable to Maharishi.

Is peace among nations a utopia? Some would say yes, others would say no. In fact, it depends on how one defines peace. Is it the absence of international conflict or war? Is it the absence of violence or fear of violence both at the national and the international levels? Better yet, isn’t violence embedded in our DNA, as a species? Aren’t we doomed to compete for resources, to constantly put our own survival instinct to work? There is a lot of moving parts in the concepts of war and peace, which make both notions ambivalent and, thus, create sort of a dichotomy. The origins of war date back from prehistoric times; and the causes of war are both endogenous and exogenous, meaning war has both biological and international roots. Acknowledging the ambivalence of conflict and peace, scholars – Aquinas being the first – have come up with the concept of Just war, which legitimizes war and armed humanitarian intervention, bringing to bear, in the process, the paradoxical natural of peacekeeping missions. The utopian or the hopeful think that peace among nations is possible because there are numerous elements of hope for world peace such as: the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, globalization, diplomacy, and nuclear deterrence, to name a few. On the other hand, the dystopian or the skeptical think that the barriers to world peace are too serious for world peace to become a reality. They put forth the following: proliferation of nuclear weapons, geoeconomics, terrorism, the global refugee crisis, and the profitability of arms sales and war itself, to name a few. This mix of optimism and pessimism tend to motivate some of us to consider rather the future of armed conflict instead of considering a pipe dream at both ends of the spectrum. This third category of people think that war and conflict will take place in a totally different environment: cyberspace. They think that future wars will not be positional but, instead, will be subnational.

T O:  All Those Atheists, All Those Who Believe NOT in The “First Cause” Law of Nature; and All Those Who “See & Experience & therefore, Think” this World is Full of Evils – ‘seeing only the ‘bad’ of the whole picture in where “the same ALL Those Who Question & Do NOT Believe in the Existence of GOD –
First of all, I want to let you know that you are all my brothers & sisters.
Yes, I am one with you all as you live on Earth, I am in no other way different from you all that the Truth & Fact of Life here on Earth – scientifically, mathematically, embracing the very same every truth & fact of life that YOU ALL & I Do Sense in/by/with our 5 Physical Senses here on Earth (the Physical micro-World, as of/in the Universe: the Macro-World, mathematically connected to the Non-Physical World: The Cosmos), having 3 Attributes strictly & ONLY possessed by/with the HUMAN BEING that live in the cosmic Duality Law Truth & the Cause & Effect Fact of All Life , as follows:
1. Intellect: The Heart of REASON, in quest for TRUTH: the Truth of the Humanity of Life, the True Reality of Existence in the Universe, in the Cosmos;
2. Will: The Core of the Purpose of Humanity, in quest for the True Meaning of Life founded in the very heart of Humanity – True Goodness/Happiness of Life in each human being, in each human family & in True Global Family of HUMAN Nations in True World Peace on Earth; &
3. Emotion: The Core Foundation of the True Reality of the Meaning of Natural Sciences of Life at the Core of the Mathematics Life, transcending design, function, & structure of Life in the context of Life-Religion, Life-Science, Life-Culture, Life-Race, Life-Language: The Human Life in quest for True Beauty of Life-ENERGY, Life-Force in All HUMAN REALITY: True LOVE.
Animals DO NOT HAVE those 3 Attributes; animals are in the Life-Reality Existence LOWER than & below the Human Life Reality. In all history, is there any one animal which can, has, had written; or, does write his story, his science, his mathematics, etc.? Any one? This Truth & Fact of Reality of Life also explain that YOU and I have come from our Parents; & the root-causality of this human origination from our Parents simply answer: ‘Why are we here? – It’s the reason that The Love of our Parent causes our very existence; and so on…, that can be figured out by Nature’s FINAL LAW in the context of True GUT & True TOE of Life. Sadly, until NOW, the best of minds of Science have been struggling in their intellects, hardly have configured; & have failed to figure it out: “The Final Law of Nature” in the context of even mathematically configuring the Formulae & Equations of Life – for a singular REASON by WHOM they [These ‘intellectuals’, scientists, philosophers, mathematicians, et.] do not acknowledge, do not believe in the perspective of “Absolute Most Powerful Being: The Creator Whose Mathematical Character is “The Nature”. Therefore –
The TRUTH & FACT – These all above I have revealed came from “Nature”.
Non-arguably by Truth & Fact of Cosmic Life in 5 Physical Senses [and 5 Non-Physical Senses of Human Life]: This “Nature” encompasses all Humanity – all Human Life over & above all life-beings on Earth, including Earth-being – that embraces the Mathematical Principles which configure All Scientific Laws & Metaphysical laws of Existence-Reality in/of the Natural Phenomena of Life. Now, the fact is: we are all in the Cosmic Life – the Reality Existence of All Life-Realities.
REMINDER: If a Human Being breaks/VIOLATES one or, two of these Laws [since these LAWS are mathematically connected to each other], then & then, it has mathematically ‘domino-effect’ BAD IMPACT in Human Conditions of Life on Earth; one of these [there are 36 World’s Issues in all] is the worsening anthropogenic Climate Change in the context of Global Warming which worsening condition is rooted in the anthropogenic VIOLATIONS of GOD’S Laws, His Nature’s Laws!    All Laws of Nature are GOD’S WiLL.
All of the above DO Define YOU ALL and I – beyond the WHY, HOW, WHEN, WHERE, WHICH, & the WHO in all of us that – We Are All Human Beings. We – all of us are not ‘animals’. YOU All & I DO: We are all HUMAN BEINGS.
-Gpw Bernard Bautista Rementilla

Christopher Buck, “Bahāʾīs.” Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān: Supplement. Ed. Jane McAuliffe. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. (Published December 1, 2016.)

Having arisen out of Islamic historical context and milieu, the Bahāʾī religion has certain Islamicate elements, yet the Bahāʾī Faith exhibits certain other features that phenomenologically are supra-Islamicate and socially and institutionally distinctive in character. For instance, Islamic doctrine adheres to a belief in successive revelations, beginning with Adam, and culminating with the Prophet Muḥammad as the “Seal of the Prophets.” In Bahāʾī teachings, the idea of successive revelations is invested with a teleology that transforms it into “progressive revelation” where the succession of Messengers throughout the history of religions is not only sequential but cumulative, coefficient with the social evolution of humanity. As humankind advances socially, so does the corresponding need for guidance and laws suited to the exigencies of the day and age. Here, “progressive” conveys the notion of a “fuller” and “more advanced” repository of divine guidance (by way of revelatory sacred texts), without making a claim of intrinsic superiority.

A Bahāʾī theology of pluralism, with special reference to Islam, may be based on a statement by Shoghi Effendi, “Guardian” of the Bahāʾī Faith (1921–57): “Unequivocally and without the least reservation it proclaims all established religions to be divine in origin, identical in their aims, complementary in their functions, continuous in their purpose, indispensable in their value to mankind.” (S. Effendi, World Order, p. 58). This, of course, applies as much to Islam as to other religions.

Islamic prophetology is anchored in the received interpretation of Q. 33:40, which is widely believed to establish Muḥammad as the final prophet (see prophets and prophethood). In what is perhaps his most significant exegetical maneuver, Bahā’u’llāh relativizes that claim in order to supersede it, refocusing the reader’s attention a mere four verses later (Q. 33:44) on the eschatological attainment to the presence of God (liqāʾ Allāh) on the last day (see eschatology):

*** Even as the Lord of being hath in His unerring Book (Qurʾān), after (baʿd az) speaking of the “Seal” in His exalted utterance: “Muḥammad is the Apostle of God and the Seal of the Prophets” (Q. 33:40), hath revealed unto all people the promise (vaʾda) of “attainment unto the divine Presence (liqāʾyi khudā).” To this attainment to the presence of the immortal King testify the verses of the Book, some of which We have already mentioned (vide par. 148: Q. 29:23, 2:46, 2:249, 18:111, 13:2). The one true God is My witness! Nothing more exalted or more explicit than “attainment unto the divine Presence” hath been revealed in the Qurʾān. (va khudā-yi vāḥid shāhid-i maqāl ast kih hīch amrī a’ẓam az liqā’ va asraḥ-ī az ān dar furqān zikr nayāftih.) Well is it with him that hath attained thereunto, in the day wherein most of the people, even as ye witness, have turned away therefrom. ***

*** And yet, through the mystery of the former (avval) verse, they have turned away from the grace promised by the latter (thānī), despite the fact that “attainment unto the divine Presence” in the “Day of Resurrection” (liqāʾ dar yawm-i qiyām) is explicitly stated in the Book (Qurʾān). (Bahā’u’llāh, the Kitāb-i-Īqān, trans. Shoghi Effendi, Pars. 181–182; parenthetical references added; id. Īqān, Pars. 181–182). ***

In this pivotal passage, when Bahā’u’llāh relates back to “verses of the Book, some of which We have already mentioned,” a quick search of the Īqān shows that, in par. 148, Bahā’u’llāh cites Q. 29:23, 2:46, 2:249, 18:111, 13:2. Yet in this passage, Bahā’u’llāh also alludes to a Qurʾānic announcement of the “attainment unto the divine Presence” in the “Day of Resurrection” (liqāʾ dar yawm-i qiyām) that comes “after” (baʿd az) the “Seal” verse.

Shoghi Effendi, in his dual role as authorized translator and interpreter of Bahāʾī scriptures, provides a word-for-word, literal translation in rendering the Persian so: “And yet, through the mystery of the former.” Then Shoghi Effendi inserts one word for amplification: “verse” (not in the original Persian). This subtle, yet highly significant, gloss disambiguates the text, narrowing the reading from an episodic sequence of prophetic/eschatological events (“Seal of the Prophets” followed by “Divine Presence”) to a textual, qurʾānic sequence, i.e. of a pair verses descriptive of this same sequence. This makes perfect sense since the preposition “after” (baʿd az) can also mean “next.”

An attractive hypothesis (with strong evidence shy of conclusive proof) is that Bahā’u’llāh intended this pair of verses, Q. 33:40 and Q. 33:44, to be read together. Indeed, the very next verse after the “Seal” verse that refers to the eschatological encounter with God is Q. 33:44, which reads: “Their greeting the Day they meet Him will be, “Peace.” And He has prepared for them a noble reward” (Sahih International). A Shīʿī rendering is: “On the day when they will be brought into the presence of their Lord, their greeting to each other will be, ‘Peace be with you.’ God has prepared an honorable reward them” (Muḥammad Sarwar).

This paper discusses the image of swords made into ploughshares and spears into pruning hooks, or vice versa, in Isaiah 2,4, Micah 4,3 and Joel 4,10. It advances the suggestion that this image holds a wordplay, most likely, a bilingual one, manifested in the choice of specific weapons and agricultural tools to be paired together. This rhetoric device adds a new level of meaning to the prophetic message, enhancing the theme of metamorphosis and reversal of the prophecies in which this image occurs. This case would, thus, belong with other cases of bilingual wordplay already acknowledged in the Hebrew Bible.

A cursory review of publicly available literature suggests Maharishi Mahesh Yogi dedicated a significant portion of his life to articulating theories and principles of world peace and working tirelessly towards applying them. From 1955 onwards, he wrote extensively on the topic of individual and collective peace, including analyses of the nature and origins of peace, the relationship of individual peace to world peace, the contribution of individual consciousness to collective consciousness with a focus on the phenomenon of ‘coherence’, the nature of ‘invincibility’ and its relation to peace in social, physical and biological systems, and the role of stress in creating disharmony and imbalance in world consciousness as they manifest in violence, terrorism and war.
Maharishi also presented his ‘Philosophy of World Peace’, his ‘Fundamentals of World Peace’, and several versions of his ‘Absolute Theory of Defence’, and he published specialist white papers on world peace directed to the United Nations and other international organizations like UNESCO and the World Health Organization. He even commented on speeches by world leaders, such as those of Leonard Brezhnev, then chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R., while promoting evidence-based methods and programs for creating peace and launching a global research program to investigate them.
In order to capture and codify what Maharishi wrote about peace, this Part I of a two-part series of research papers seeks to identify Maharishi’s main themes of world peace through an analysis of his publications from 1955 to 2015. The paper draws from an archive of 170 published documents by or attributable to Maharishi between those years, using this foundational material to unearth primary sources of the themes and thereby methodically create a framework for comprehending and presenting Maharishi’s views on the topic of world peace across five decades.

This paper discusses the philosophy of Gandhi as applied to the Ancient Indian principle of purusharthas
which are the root goals of life and their inter-relationships, dependence and independence from each
other. The eternal path to be pursued by each individual may vary but our destination remains the
same. Gandhi brought this mundane philosophy to public discourse which was otherwise neglected
and considered as parochial that even while fulfilling our responsibilities we can pursue the blissful
state of moksha and we need not renounce the worldly affairs. Politics, for Gandhi was his path and
while engaging in it as a means he envisioned to attain world peace and utter non-violence as an
ecstatic end.

This article analyses Imam al-Ghazali's theory of the balance observance of ibadah (devotional acts or good deeds) among Muslims. Performing 'ibadah, is part and parcel of the Muslims' life. Nevertheless, the majority of Muslims-scholars and the public alike-place great emphasis only on the diligent outward performance of devotional acts, and on the observance of the outward requirements. However, Imam al-Ghazali goes beyond this normative practice, arguing that a mere outward observance of devotional acts is still insufficient, and indeed is still at risk. This article is theoretical in nature, and it involves bibliographic research, employing descriptive and analytic methods. The article founds that Imam al-Ghazali maintains devotional acts consist of outward and inward dimensions, and both need to be observed simultaneously and kept in balance. It is only through this balance observance that devotional acts will be transformed from mere physical motions of pure ritualistic observance to spiritually rich deeds, filled with real understanding, wisdom, and realisation.

GOD & Apple Pie
Religious Myths and Visions of America

Two sample chapters (by publisher's permission):
1.  Native American Myths and Visions of America (Chapter 2)
2.  Black Muslim Myths and Visions of America (Chapter 9)

Amazon:
https://www.amazon.com/God-Apple-Pie-Religious-Visions/dp/1891928155/

From the Inside Flap;

GOD & Apple Pie
Religious Myths and Visions of America

Christopher Buck

Introduction by J. Gordon Melton,
Distinguished Professor of American Religious History, Baylor University

This book is about an unusual religious topic: the United States of America ("America").
"America" is, at once, nation and notion, country and creed, republic and rhetoric. This book is about Providence and principle--the relationship of the supernatural world to the world's superpower. "America" is not in the Bible, nor in the Qur'an. Yet "America" today pulsates with religious significance. "America" is a word that has taken on mythic proportions.

Eleven religions have been selected for their distinctive perspectives on America: (1) Native American religion (Iroquois); (2) Protestant Christianity (the Puritans); (3) the Christian Right; (4) Roman Catholicism; (5) Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist); (6) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the Mormons); (7) Christian Identity (White nationalists); (8) Nation of Islam (Black nationalists); (9) Islam (especially Radical Islamists and Progressive Muslims); (10) Buddhism (Tibetan and Soka Gakkai); and (11) the Baha'i Faith.

Over the course of American history, religious myths and visions of America tend to reflect an ever-changing American civil society, whether as a function of its social evolution or as a catalyst of it. The result is: Religions re-mythologize America. And: Religions re-envision America.

God & Apple Pie invites serious reflection on what it means to be an American, particularly from a religious perspective.

The purpose of this study is to examine the life and leadership skills of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to
discover conflict resolution forms that may offer solutions to contemporary global problems and challenges faced by the
world’s nations. This essay also aims to contribute to world peace and interfaith dialogues by illustrating the exemplary
character of this persona, which little is known about outside the Islamic sphere. Particular attention is paid to the key
attributes a successful leader must possess and examples from the life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) are given. From the
evidence available to us, it is clear that he showed great respect for other faiths, cultures, and ideas; even when he didn’t
agree with particular opinions, he listened with tolerance and care. He served the truth and opposed that which was
untruthful and life-destroying, such as self-destructive habits, addictions, and immorality. It is concluded that one of the
greatest legacies of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is his respect for people of other religions, cultures, and ethnicities
and an appreciation of the dignity of all living beings irrespective of their gender, race, or societal status.

This commencement address is a call to action for graduates of the University of Iowa College of Liberal Arts in December, 1993. Delivered by Thomas W Murphy, a non-traditional student and veteran of the Persian Gulf War, the speech invites students to help create world peace by making changes at home, on campus, and in the community.

ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ, ਪੰਦਰਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਦੌਰਾਨ, ਭਾਰਤੀ ਉਪ ਮਹਾਂਦੀਪ ਦੇ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਰਾਜ ਵਿਚ ਹੋਇਆ । ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ, ਇਹ ਧਰਮ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਧਰਮਾਂ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਪੰਜਵੇਂ ਨੰਬਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੈ।  ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਫ਼ਲਸਫ਼ੇ  ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੰਕਲਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਫਲਸਫੇ ਦੀਆਂ ਮੁੱਖ ਧਾਰਨਾਵਾਂ ਹਨ: ਇੱਕ ਸਰਵ ਵਿਆਪੀ ਸਿਰਜਣਹਾਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ, ਸਰਬ ਸਾਂਝੀਵਾਲਤਾ, ਸਭਨਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਪਿਆਰ, ਨਿਰਸਵਾਰਥ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਨਾ, ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਨਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਯਤਨਸ਼ੀਲ ਰਹਿਣਾ, ਇਮਾਨਦਾਰ ਜੀਵਨ-ਜਾਚ, ਨੈਤਿਕ ਚਾਲ-ਚਲਣ, ਅਤੇ ਗ੍ਰਹਿਸਤੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਜਿਉਣਾ। ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਭਰ ਵਿਚ ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਲਗਭਗ 28 ਮਿਲੀਅਨ ਪੈਰੋਕਾਰ ਹਨ।
ਸਾਰੇ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ, ਸਦਭਾਵਨਾ, ਸ਼ਾਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲੀ ਵਾਲੀ ਆਦਰਸ਼ ਹਾਲਤ ਦੀ ਸਥਾਪਨਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਹੀ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਹੈ। ਹਿੰਸਾ ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਆਦਰਸ਼, ਲੋਕਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਕੌਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਵੈ-ਇੱਛੁਕ ਰੂਪ ਵਿਚ ਯੁੱਧ ਰੋਕਣ ਦਾ ਅਧਾਰ ਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।  ਬੇਸ਼ਕ ਵੱਖੋ ਵੱਖਰੇ ਧਰਮਾਂ, ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰਾਂ, ਫਲਸਫਿਆਂ ਤੇ ਸੰਸੰਥਾਵਾਂ ਦੇ ਅਜਿਹੀ ਆਦਰਸ਼ ਹਾਲਤ ਦੀ ਸਥਾਪਨਾ ਬਾਰੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਭਿੰਨ ਭਿੰਨ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਸੱਭ ਦਾ ਇਕ ਸਾਂਝਾ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਤਾਂ ਇਹੋ ਹੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਧਰਤ-ਵਾਸੀ ਸਮੂੰਹ ਕੌਮਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਜੰਗ ਦੇ ਹਾਲਾਤ ਖਤਮ ਹੋਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ । ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ, ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਅਤੇ ਧਰਮ ਨਿਰਪੱਖ ਸੰਗਠਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਾਂਝੇ ਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਨਾਲ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ, ਖਾਸ ਕਰ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਸੰਗਠਨ ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਅਧਿਕਾਰਾਂ ਤੇ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ  ਅਤੇ ਜੰਗੀ ਹਾਲਾਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਨੀਤੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬਧਿਤ ਹੋਣ ।

Sikhism, a panentheistic religion, originated in the Punjab province of the Indian subcontinent during the 15th century. It is one of the youngest and fifth major world religions. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism have been enshrined in the sacred scripture, Sri Guru Granth Sahib. These beliefs include: (i) Faith in and meditation on one universal creator. (ii) Unity of all humankind. (iii) Engaging in selfless service. (iv) Striving for social justice for all, (v) honest livelihood and ethical conduct while living a householder's life. Sikhism has about 28 million adherents worldwide. World peace is an ideal state of freedom, peace, and happiness among all nations and people. This idea of a peaceful world, free from violence, provides a basis for peoples and nations to cooperate to prevent warfare willingly. While different cultures, religions, philosophies, and organizations may have other concepts about how such an ideal state might come about, they have in common this idea of a cessation of all hostility amongst all humanity. World Peace could be established through religious or secular organizations that address human rights, education, or diplomacy to end all fightings. All religions are potential bearers of peace, reconciliation and reflection. It is valid for Sikhism as well. As we know that peaceful coexistence between individuals, communities and nations is possible provided freedom, justice, human dignity and equal opportunity to all is guaranteed. Sikhism with its doctrines of Sangat (holy congregation), pangat (equality), wand chhakna (sharing with others), love of Nature, sarbat da bhala (universal welfare), Seva (selfless service), universal brotherhood, justice, liberty and fraternity, offers a pragmatic approach to achieve our well-cherished goal of world peace.

SUMARIO: 1. ¿SE RETRASARÁ LA CONFERENCIA DE GÉNOVA? – 2. LOS HOHENZOLLERN – 3. RATHENAU, MINISTRO DE NEGOCIOS EXTRANJEROS – 4. LA ABOLICIÓN DEL PROTECTORADO – 5. EL PAGO DE LA DEUDA ALIADA – 6. LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DE LA DEUDA ALIADA – 7. EL TRATADO NAVAL APROBADO– 8. LA CUESTIÓN DE SHANTUNG – 9. DIMISIÓN DEL GOBIERNO [ITALIANO] – 10. COMENTARIOS AL NOMBRAMIENTO DE RATHENAU – 11. LA REUNIÓN DEL CÓNCLAVE – 12. EL REY COMIENZA LAS CONSULTAS – 13. EL EX –KÁISER QUIERE REGRESAR A ALEMANIA – 14. LA EVACUACIÓN DE LAS FUERZAS BRITÁNICAS – 15. LA INDEPENDENCIA FILIPINA – LA RUTA DE GÉNOVA – 16. EN LA PLAZA DE SAN PEDRO – 17. EN EL CURSO DE LA CRISIS POLITICA [ITALIANA] –  18. LA CUESTIÓN DE IRLANDA – FRÁNCFORT – 19. EL PAPA BENDICE AL PUEBLO – 20. LA CUESTIÓN DE PALESTINA – 21. LA CUESTIÓN DE LAS FRONTERAS [IRLANDESAS] – 22. OPINIONES DEL NUEVO PAPA – 23. [OPINIÓN DE] DE LA PRENSA ALEMANA – 24. [OPINIÓN DE] LA PRENSA FRANCESA – LA ASAMBLEA NACIONAL – 25. MADAME CURIE ACADÉMICA – 26. DISCREPANCIAS SOBRE EL PACTO ANGLO – FRANCÉS – 27. LA NOTA FRANCESA SOBRE LA CONFERENCIA DE GÉNOVA – 28. DECLARACIONES DE LLOYD GEORGE – 29. LA FRONTERA IRLANDESA – 30. ENSAYO SATISFACTORIO DE UN HELICOPTERO – 31. BONOMI VUELVE AL PODER – 32. EL PAPA Y LOS POLACOS – 33. COMENTARIOS AL GESTO DE PIO XI – 34. LOS FASCISTAS Y LA CONFERENCIA – 35. NORTEAMÉRICA Y LA CONFERENCIA DE GÉNOVA – 36. LA CUESTIÓN DE EGIPTO – 37. RUSIA EN GÉNOVA – 38. LOS INCIDENTES DEL ULSTER – LA PAZ PERPETUA –39. LA SITUACIÓN EN LA INDIA –  40. GENDARMES SECUESTRADOS – 41. EL NACIONALISMO INDIO –  LA RECONSTITUCIÓN DE EUROPA – 42. LA FRONTERA IRLANDESA – 43. EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LA SITUACIÓN ECONÓMICA – 44. EL CARDENAL MERCIER HABLA DEL PAPA – 45. CORONACIÓN DE PÍO XI – 46. BONOMI NO OBTIENE LA MAYORÍA – 47. EL NACIONALISMO EN LA INDIA – 48. LAS DOS ALEMANIAS – 49. INCIDENTE ITALO – CROATA  – 50. EL APLAZAMIENTO DE LA CONFERENCIA – 51.  EL CONGRESO NACIONAL INDIO – 52. CONFERENCIA AERONAÚTICA – 53. MADAME CURIE EN LA ACADEMIA DE MEDICINA – 54. LA JUSTICIA INTERNACIONAL – 55. DE LA CUESTIÓN IRLANDESA – 56.  LA SITUACIÓN POLÍTICA [ITALIANA] – 57. BINOMI SE PRESENTA A LA CÁMARA – 58. LA LIBERACIÓN DE LOS ULSTERIANOS – 59. LA CUESTIÓN DE EGIPTO –  60. BONOMI EN MINORÍA –  UN DESEMBARCO – 61. LA CRISIS POLÍTICA [ITALIANA] – 62. LA CUESTIÓN DE EGIPTO – 63. DESARME DE ALEMANIA – 64. EL PUERTO DE FIUME – 65. DECLARACIONES DE DE VALERA – 66. LA CRISIS POLÍTICA ITALIANA – 67. EL PUERTO DE FIUME – 68. EL PRÓXIMO CONSISTORIO – 69. EL APLAZAMIENTO DE LA CONFERENCIA – 70. LA ENTREVISTA ENTRE POINCARÉ Y LLOYD GEORGE – 71. LA CRISIS POLÍTICA ITALIANA – 72. LA FRONTERA DE FIUME – 73. LA CUESTIÓN IRLANDESA – 74. LA CONFERENCIA DE BOLOUGNE – 75. LA SITUACIÓN POLÍTICA [ITALIANA]

As traditional, in this twenty-first-century our world has been dominated by a different set of security threats ranging from global warming to HIV/AIDS, Wars, arms races, weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), terrorism, insurgencies, suicide bombings, genocides, infectious diseases, refugee crisis, oil depletion, global climate change, economic collapse, drug trafficking, cyber-war, and piracy make disturbing headlines regularly. Scientists believe that Earth has been through at least five mass extinction events in the past. They maintain that currently, we are in the middle of a sixth great extinction due to climate change and global warming.
The four major crises in the condition of humanity, trade, the environment, and current global governance call for the creation of social-democratic globalization and human security agenda.
Nevertheless, this study will examine shortly the current peace threats that our world is encountering and future challenges to international peace and security. It evaluates the main threats structures and explains the quest for global peace and security.
Furthermore, it provides a review and an assessment of; what will be the vast root causes of insecurity of the following years in our world?

Keywords: Global Peace, challenges and threats, terrorism, Global warming, and weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)

This New World Edition 2024, a 13-page Gpw_BBR-26 's Paper on the Title: "20th Century: The History of Mathematical Threshold Point of Anthropocenic Responsibility LESSONS to Go Back to Zero [to Nature] to achieve a True World Peace w/ This One HOPE … ", is a very highly sensitive Paper as it thematically answers 'why history repeats itself' in "human failures" to cyclic corrupted history of human catastrophes at the root of its reason founded on Truth & Fact of Natural Phenomena in the context of "anthropological failure in human responsibility response mechanism" which effect has mathematical symmetry pattern to indicate if "a specific period of human history has 'human failure' that calls for mathematical time reference pattern of repetition from past vector field phenomena (of history) to forward connecting specified vector field phenomena in another period of time (not in reference to 'time machine' but) mechanism of repair (restoration) @ higher level of providential purpose.

This Providential Purpose of GRP: GOD'S Restoration Providence: thematically focuses in: *To correct 'fallen human history';or, to correct Human History from the perspective of 'human failure' in 4026 BCE Fall of Man mathematically in the context of specific Natural Field Century Timeframe - in this Paper, it's the 20th Century to the 21st Century.

The Central Absolute Purpose: Nature's Dispensation of Restoration Providence in Human History: The GRP Formulae -
The GRP Formulae: GOD'S 95% [Responsibility/Authority] + Man's 5 % [Responsibility/Accountability] = 100% Re-Creation+Restored Human History

All this happens on account of "Cosmic Power" that only a God Who is the only One True GOD Who is "The Creator" - the Only HOPE that possesses it all alone at the Highest & Most Powerful Dimension: The Absolute Dimension, over & above all that exists within & outside the "Cosmic Power" Dimension.  GOD is bigger than the biggest/largest created entity/being & is smaller than the smallest created entity/being in/of His Creation. Therefore, GOD is All-Most Powerful Absolute Being & Absolute Origin Whose Nature is His Mathematical Character over & above, outside His creation of the Cosmos [Heaven; Non-Physical World] & the Universe [Physical World, including the Earth, etc.]. Moreover, GOD Has the Powers to get thru, inside, pass thru in & outside all His Creation. The only thing that GOD can't interfere directly to "control" in His creation is the "Man's 5% Responsibility Field Vector" Reference Time Frame that took place in: A. 4026 BCE Fall of Man, B. In  murdering Christ Jesus in 33 CE: that destroyed New Testament Providence Sept. 3, 30 CE.-Sept.3, 37 CE.; & C. 'Human Failure' in establishing Unity of Science & Religion + Unification of World Christianity & Humanity, the root-cause of complete  human failure in recognizing/accepting LSA  of Completion Testament, in the 20th Century Restoration Providence, Sept. 3, 1945-Sept. 3, 1952 AD., and so on. Hence, historically GOD'S Gen. MacArthur successfully ended WW II on Sept. 2, 1945 & is entrusted by GOD to end the Communism globally by 1952 AD. But worst of all worst human failures did destroy GOD'S 1945-1952 AD True World Peace Plan. One of these worst human failures is Pres. Truman fired Gen. MacArthur off active Military Duty in 1951 - against GOD'S WiLL. Thus, this has triggered worsening Climate Change & absence of True Global Peace - TODAY.

Question: When do we (all humanity) learn from lessons of history...? Therefore: Man must know & understand his/her '5% Human Responsibility' Role Indicators in GOD'S Dispensation Restoration Providence in Human History - to correct most deeply rooted cause of all these World's 36 Emerging Issues: The 4026 BCE Fall of Man:
Hence: "History repeats itself ..."  Therefore: To know - Why, How come, Which one; Who & What is all about this in reference to GOD'S WiLL & Restoration Providence to correct man's failure in scientific misleading concept on 'evolution' vs creation; including false or, fake news/information based on Nature's 'Truth, Beauty & Goodness' Laws of Mathematical Creation - to finally establish this "Unity of Religion & Science ", "The True GUT & True TOE of Creation [GOD'S Creation] for ultimate GBtZ Solution to World's 36 Emerging Issues.

Consequently, Gpw_BBR-26 wrote this 13-page Paper in 10 Languages in addition to this Original English Version based on the Original Thematic "Filipino" Version; including some Website References of Papers/Writings in support to the Truth & Facts of this 9-page Paper - w/ Prayers to Dear Lord GOD in One Purpose: To finally reach out to all humanity once & for all, and achieve GOD'S WiLL by 2033 AD: A True World Peace on Earth. Otherwise, continued Anthropocenic Violations of GOD'S Natural Laws [we know these in Physics, Chemistry, Biology & Thermodynamics; & COVID-19 is only 1 of the effects] puts us all (humanity) to our shameful end: 6th Global Mass Extinction

The first World Peace Forum took place in 2007 to bring together professionals from all walks of life in order to exchange ideas and find ways to help promote the peace effort undertaken by so many individual activists as well as smaller and larger organisations throughout the world. The World Peace Forum has become a platform for best practice exchange and a market place for peacemakers. Once a year a growing number of peacemakers are invited to present their projects and ideas, their efforts and ways to build a more peaceful world.
A small, yet international group of scholars, researchers, artists, politicians and citizens from around the world organised an initial conference in Schengen, Luxembourg in 2006. From this small event the World Peace Forum has developed into a global platform for peace activists and initiatives. The 2015 edition of the World Peace Forum took place in Romania, in the city of Baia Mare, with the theme “Finding Common Global Values” from the 7th to the 10th of May. The same year, the 1st edition of the Youth World Peace Forum took place in Cairo, Egypt from the 4th to the 6th of May.
The Schengen Peace Foundation was established in 2005 as a non-profit institution and approved by the Grand Duke of Luxembourg, His Majesty Henri, on 19th October 2007. Not coincidentally, the foundation is in the same place where the European Union was established. Responsible for carrying out the World Peace Forum, it contributes to build a peaceful world by promoting peace, tolerance and understanding from the multicultural dialogue, debate, publications, exhibitions, workshops, internet platforms, meetings, exchange of experiences, education programs, and peace studies.

Respected Sir / Madam,

‘ Takale Charitable Trust ’ has planned to organize a Lectures with slide show under our “Science communication & Youth empowerment Program” based on following topics. The organization is conducting these sessions to popularize science & technology among masses as well as to develop scientific temperament in the students & general public. These are completely free social awareness cum educational programs and are open for all. Lectures are delivered in marazI, Hindi & English. Details are as below:

Speaker :  Santosh Takale [B. Tech. (Mech.) Sr. Scientific Officer, BARC, Mumbai]
Date, Timing & Venue :  Suitable to Speaker & Organisers ( BaaYaa - marazI, Hindi & English ).
Min. no. of audience :  100 Nos.

Details of Program : (Few programs will be with Slide shows  of 60 to 100 minutes) :

1. Understanding the Universe ( ivaSvaacao AMtrMga).
2. Snakes- Myths & Facts. ( saap : samaja - gaOrsamaja).
3. Career Guidance ( kiryar maaga-dSa-na).
4. Atom for Peace (ANaU tM~&ana).
5. Evolution of life & Minds ( ]%k`aMtI )
6. Ancient Indian Astronomy (P`aaicana BaartIya KgaaolaSaas~)
7. Sky Observation with & without Telescope ( AakaSa inarIxaNa).
8. Human Society : Myths & Facts (maanavaI samaaja : samajaÀgaOrsamaja).
9. Being true Citizen of Country with vast diversity-India.
10. Science, Scientists & Great Inventions (iva&ana¸ vaO&ainak AaiNa mah%vaacao SaaoQa)
11. Mgt techniques, Time Mgt & Goal Setting (vyavasqaapna kaOSalya va vaoLcao inayaaojana).
12. Communication skills & Personality Development ( saMBaaYaNa klaa va vya@tIma%va ivakasa).
13. Manufacturing/Fabrication technology & Non Destructive Testing for Professionals & Students.

Requirements - Safe sitting place for audience with lesser illumination for proper visibility of projected clips/slides. Two numbers of normal electric supply points with earthing. The advance intimation & booking of the dates & time can be done by contacting TRUST office.  Your courteous help is expected. Regards.

Trustee,

Takale Charitable Trust                     
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About the Speaker :

Santosh Takale is senior Scientific Officer (Scientist – G) at Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai.

To inculcate Scientific Temper among masses, with his personal initiative, he has delivered more than 1450 lectures addressing 4, 50,000+ students, teachers & general people.

He has done B. Tech in Mechanical Engineering & advance studies in Nuclear Engineering at BARC, Mumbai. He has also obtained many certification in the field of Welding, Non Destructive Testing, which includes  IWE (International Welding Engineer), ISNT Level III in Ultrasonic Testing & ASNT-II in Eddy Current Testing, Dye Penetrant testing, Visual Inspection & Magnetic Particle Testing. 

He is Founder & Advisor of  TAKALE CHARITABLE TRUST, TAKALE’s VIDNYAN GURUKUL, ICIT Computer Institute & Sky Watcher’s Association of Raigad (SWAR). He is also honorary member of many oraganisations in technical & social field.

He has been honoured with many prestigious awards for his outstanding contribution in the field of science & technology as well as social field.

Abstract:

(1) Like the other life-forms, for humankind also, the primary objective was only to accomplish nature-based survival. Survival includes reproduction too.

(2) Like the other life-forms, initially, humankind also would have adopted minimum techniques for seeking food and partners for procreation.

(3) Being at the top of the intelligence ladder, humankind must have ventured for different improved techniques for better survival.

(4) In this process, humankind must have inadvertently misadventured into an area called, “Materialism” which he saw accomplishing the objective of survival and reproduction.

(5) For him, the “Material Parameters” were Wealth, Knowledge, Beauty, Physical Strength, Fame, Social Status, Act of Sex, Life-Longevity, etc. And, “Materialism” was the belief that gains in these material parameters were true and something to be proud of.

(6) The materialistic parameters are quantifiable and hence their discriminative gaining must have kindled cutthroat competition among humanity, paving the way for all sorts of social evils.

(7) Materialism was the “First Faith” of humankind and made them lead a materialistic (“First Face”) lifestyle. Materialism while making humanity pursue itself unscrupulously made them worry about the unachievable too. Fear of the unknown in the materialistic arena made humankind find solace in man-made Gods with different spiritual paths and religions.

(8) Humankind entered into a vicious cycle of God-believing leading to Material-gaining and Material-craving leading to God-believing.

(9) Humankind tried to address the evil implications of materialism through activities of different socio-politico dimensions, which we may call the “First Freedom” movements.

(10) Broadly, there were three social dimensions; (one) “Authoritarianism, Democratism and in-between”, (two) “Capitalism, Socialism (Communism) and in-between” and (three) “Theism (Spiritualism), Atheism and in-between”.

(11) After hundreds of years of evolution through these social dimensions, humankind has ended up with today’s state of affairs (across the world), which, being now in a mess of problems, struggles to find a way out.

(12) Certainly these social binaries (dimensions) failed humanity, maybe, because they are either inadequate to address all the issues before humankind or they are merely incompetent, due to lack of scientific backing.

(13) Here comes the Second Religion and proposes the fourth and final social dimension called, “Materialism, Non-materialism and in-between”, which cuts across the other three social dimensions and provides a better solution, backed by scientific facts.

(14) The Second Religion comes out with three chapters; (one) “The Second Face”, which explains how a typical human being is put to emotional sufferings, even when he is well placed socially, financially and intellectually in this materialistic world, (two) “The Second Faith”, which elucidates scientifically that “Non-materialism” is true and “Materialism” is untrue, and (three) “The Second Freedom”, which explains how peace and harmony would prevail across the world, had the humanity enforced “Non-materialism”, rejecting “Materialism”.

(15) Here, the “Second Faith” being the heartbeat of the “Second Religion” requires a special emphasis. It comes out with three postulates. The first postulate proves that materialism had entered human life just inadvertently.

The second postulate proves that the quantitative discriminations based on gains in material parameters are meaningless because anything finite (achievable) with respect to infinite (scope of material parameters), is nothing. Yes, any finite value divided by infinity equals zero.

The third postulate proves that the role of the almighty, the ultimate authority of material gains to humankind is irrelevant. It establishes that a new phenomenon called, “ERS Gravity” is only responsible for everything in the Universe. This third postulate also comes out with a new model of cosmology called, “White Singularity- Black Singularity (WS-BS) Model” paving the way for a new theory of everything namely, “Theory of Grand Settlement”.

(16) Thus, the fourth social dimension when pursued along with the “Second Religion” makes “Materialism” find its way out and “Non-materialism” to stay. Yes, the Second Faith while making materialism wither away, paves the way for the “Second (Ultimate) Freedom” to humanity, through non-materialism.

(17) The Second Religion does not wage war against the First Religion (First Faith) candidates namely, “Authoritarianism vs Democratism”, “Capitalism vs Socialism” or “Theism vs Atheism”. It does not even oppose them. It rather makes them ineffective and insignificant before “Non-materialism”, through science.

(18) The Second Religion puts before humankind, the truth of the “Universal Non-materialism”. To start with, it asks for pursuing it, as an alternate (the second) religion to the (failed) First Religion, which has hitherto been pursuing materialism, through old social dimensions.

(19) So, the world can achieve “Peace and Harmony” only when everyone ignores materialism and enforces non-materialism, irrespective of his being an Authoritarian, a Democratic, a Capitalist, a Socialist, a Theist, or an Atheist. Yes, only the “Second Religion Realized (SRR)” humanity can ensure peace at the individual, family, community, country and global levels.

(20) Since truth based on science has to prevail forever, the “Universal Non-materialism” of the Second Religion, taking the whole of humankind into confidence, will triumph ultimately and stay with humanity, over every other beliefs and practice, evolved so far and now in vogue.

**********

Sikhism, a panentheistic religion, originated in the Punjab province of the Indian subcontinent, during the 15th century. It is one of the youngest and fifth major world religions, founded by Guru Nanak. The fundamental beliefs of Nanakian Philosophy have been enshrined in the sacred scripture Sri Guru Granth Sahib. These beliefs include faith in and meditation on one universal creator, unity of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for all, honest livelihood and ethical conduct while living a householder's life. Sikhism has about 28 million adherents worldwide. World peace is an ideal state of freedom, peace, harmony, and happiness among and within all nations and people. This idea of a peaceful world, free from violence provides a basis for peoples and nations to willingly cooperate to prevent warfare. While different cultures, religions, philosophies, and organizations may have different concepts about how such an ideal state might come about, they have in common this idea of a cessation of all hostility amongst all humanity. World Peace could be established through religious or secular organizations, that address human rights, education, or diplomacy to end all forms of fighting. All religions are potential bearers of peace, reconciliation, and reflection. This is true for Sikhism as well. As we are aware that peaceful coexistence between individuals, communities, and nations is possible provided freedom, justice, human dignity and equal opportunity to all are guaranteed. Sikhism with its doctrines of sangat (holy congregation), pangat (equality), wand chhakna (sharing with others), love of nature, sarbat da bhala (universal welfare), seva (selfless service), universal brotherhood, justice, liberty and fraternity, offers a pragmatic approach to achieve our well-cherished goal of world peace, harmony and happiness.

This paper presents a general overview of the MUSE Theory ME and its application as a national and international project. It is published on Academia.edu to make it accessible to students and professionals around the world who wish to research its components for further validation and application or to use it as the foundation for their own MUSE Projects ME. It is my belief as a seasoned professional health and wellness promoter and educator that the application of the MUSE Theory ME at the global level will lead to trust, collaboration, and peaceful coexistence among peoples, groups, and nations. What is MUSE Theory ME ? The acronym, MUSE, stands for Mutual Understanding through Self-Expression. From a theoretical perspective, MUSE is an evidence-based formula for self-mastery, sustainable health, conflict mediation, and world peace consisting of two basic components: 1) mutual understanding and 2) self-expression. MUSE Theory ME was developed by Myrna-Elois Davis Washington as part of her studies for masters and doctorate degrees in health and wellness psychology. A visionary healer, metaphysician, health minister, and psychologist with more than forty years as a certified health professional, Washington only returned to college in 2007 to qualify for what she described as the " call to heal " by studying the new biopsychosocial-spiritual model of psychology for its application as a transformative and mindful approach to health and healing. Washington presents MUSE Theory ME as her divinely inspired 'reward' for returning to school to qualify for the call to heal, first, herself and those closest to her, then, her community and ultimately, the world. With the goal of " qualifying for the call, " Washington focused her studies during her master's and doctorate on gathering empirical evidence to support MUSE Theory ME .

Due to the laxity of the United Nations, the initially "pinching" threat of the ISIS has gone beyond the uncontrollable limits, as well as, the expansion of the Chinese territory towards the West Philippine Sea/South China Sea that threats the peace around region.

1st Rotaract Global ModelUN edition in 2013 organized by Rotaract Club of Baia Mare TEAM. the audience was delighted to hear the advice, the encouragements and congratulations from our speakers: the Governor of Rotary District 2241- Marian Liviu Mocan, ambassador of the Netherlands to Romania - H.E. Mr. Matthijs van Bonzel, Former Romanian ambassador to Russian Federation - Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu, Mayor of Baia Mare - Catalin Chereches, Founder and Director of PatRIR
- Kai Frithjof Brand-Jacobsen, President of Rotary Baia Mare 2005 - Cristian Anghel, President of Rotary Baia Mare - Mircea Mecea

Introduction
This decade has been characterised by dramatic changes, from Arab spring, the spectacular Brexit effects, and unprecedented American presidential elections that shook the entire world, and increased stress disorder among Americans themselves (APA,2016). In USA particularly, as American voters exercised their rights to vote, in a one of the most democratic fashion in the world, the entire world was taken off guard to learn that Mr. Trump is the next President of the most powerful country on earth-USA! Hard to believe it, too good to be true, shocking, the most important day of a brighter future of Americans, or in a simplified term: A mixed emotions and feelings. However, due to his perceived strong ultranationalist position, unpredictability, enthusiasm among his core supporters and his tough political fights against all who opposed him, including his own party members ( GOP), together with his controversies and dirty campaign he ran against his 16 opponents in GOP primaries, and later even dirtier and muddy political fight when he was running against his democratic opponent, he become more concern of fantasy to many, in USA and in the world. Most of all, he emerged out of nowhere, without any political experience, nor military service, knocked out all of his GOP opponents who were more politically qualified, with higher education than him, such as Dr.Ben Carson ( a well respected paediatric surgeon), Dr. Rand Paul, and big names like Jeb Bush ( George W. Bush brother, and son of George H.Bush), and ultimately a big surprising knockout against one of the most politically experienced-Hilary Clinton.
However, weeks before election, Trump had been accused by more than  10 women for sexual assault, and even worse, a Hollywood video released, where Trump was on hot mic bragging about how he assaulted women by starting by “touching the pussy”( Trump said), because he was a celebrity. However, regardless all odds, without any political experience, with flip and flops on may issues or without clarity at all, had lost all 3 presidential debates to Hilary Clinton, his wife Melania accused of illegal earning when she was a model ( she did not have a work permit. Allegations claim),and for the first time in history of USA presidential elections Trump refused to release his tax return ( “None of your business”-Once he told a journalist), he surprised American people and the world with a clean winning to become the 45th US President. Donald Trump has tapped into anger of many unhappy American people, who erratically celebrated his victory, praised by KKK group that marched in celebratory event to Trump’s election, and even more so, young children in middle and high school who chanted “ BUILD THE WALL” against Mexican origin classmate, while other students were chanting  “WHITE POWER” holding Trump’s sign. However, his [Trump] election to president angered more on the other hand, who subsequently took on the street of many cities in USA right after his election. He has said more than hundreds of things (By Jenna Johnson, Washington Post, January 22-2016; Java Lange August 4th 2015/ The Week) that put many at an ease, swore more than angry bad or The Simpsons (cartoons show), confronted his own party and threatened to breakaway should they bother him, proposed unacceptable ideas such as waterboarding, stop and frisk, banning Muslims from entering USA “until we figure out what the HELL is going on”, ending gun free zones such as schools, threatened to  punish women for their own productive choices and much more. Many of annalists possibly including myself said: This is it! Given the fact that minority such as Black Americans, latinos and Native americans and women don’t like these ideas, and no single president has even won election in this country without a sizeable percentage of the minority groups, Hilary Clinton is the next president of the United States of America. But “SURPRISE”!!!We were all “ WRONG”.
How did he get away with it? How did he win and leave many people scratching their heads, despite all polls suggesting his opponent -Hilary- a winner with possibility of a “landslide victory”? This paper will highlight some plausible psychological observations and factors that catapulted Trump to the most powerful and relevant position in the world, oval office!

We are living in a world full of turmoil and tribulations. At the dawn of twenty first century, humanity is facing severe challenges to its very existence. The ever-increasing environmental pollution the prevalence of large-scale corruption at various levels in society (esp. in underdeveloped countries) are threatening its ecological and social fabric.
The monsters of drug menace and AIDS are trying to snuff out the very life breath of human beings. The rise of terrorism and political rivalries among nations are threatening the world peace. In such a dismal state of affairs, the clouds of destruction are looming large over the humankind. But there is a ray of hope in the form of Sri Guru Granth Sahib, for salvation of humanity from its present ills.
Sri Guru Granth Sahib (SGGS), a unique religious and philosophic treatise, is a sublime blueprint to establish a reign of peace and prosperity on earth.  It contains many divine messages unmistakably addressed to all humankind, which remain uniquely significant for all times and have a crucial relevance to the present time as well.

It seems to me that every one that is serious about the meaning and outcome of their life, would factor in their attempt to understand and plan how they should live their life, the priority of things that must be considered, and accepted. It seems to me that the most important reality to establish is, does God exist, and if he does, how do I determine my relationship with Him? In that regard, it seems that the law of cause and effect would be most fundamental to be considered. How do we make sense out of the vast, elaborate, complex reality that we are surrounded by? Is it at all reasonable to believe that all that we are aware of, including ourselves, has somehow come into existence on its own, or spontaneously?

This paper was presented at the 12th World Scientific Congress of the Ararat International Academy of Sciences on December 18-19, 2019.

It outlines today’s political situation, examining the root cause of worldwide independence movements in different parts of the world.

It analyses why baseless wars are being imposed on various countries, forcing people to leave their homeland and become refugees or emigrants. Why are established nations suddenly cut off from their roots and displaced?

Mass exoduses of people from their countries doesn’t happen without a cause. This is a result of internal turmoil, war, massacres or genocide and / or economic sanctions.

Today, in the 21st century, under the watchful eyes of the entire world, the Rohingya people were forced to leave their country. More than 10,000 Rohingyas were killed and 700,000 people still displaced, now living in open air shelters as refugees.

Another example is Yemen. The entire nation is facing famine, mostly due to decades of unrest and civil war.

Today, every European country is facing the refugee problem. Why? Political changes were the result of enormous refugee crises at the EU’s borders and at the shores of the Mediterranean. The invasion of Iraq, the Libyan revolution and the Syrian war have all been at the core of this matter.

Politicians are using this unstable political chaos to their advantage; as a key element for their election or re-election, without the slightest regard for the fate of hundreds of thousands of marginalized people. They continue their oppression and exploitation throughout the world.

The only path to achieve peace in the world is to accept and uphold territorial and human rights of each and every nation, without which it would be impossible for nations to promote peace.