Social entrepeneurship

El presente proyecto, tiene la finalidad de proponer una crítica constructiva desde el ámbito del diseño que invita a re-pensar los espacios de aprendizaje dentro del aula, con la finalidad de aportar a la reflexión y aprendizaje de educación financiera por medio de dinámicas que incorporan herramientas de diseño junto al juego en talleres y clases.

A partir de una revisión de estrategias metodológicas que juntan el pensamiento de diseño, el diseño de experiencias y el diseño centrado en las personas, el proyecto recoge este nuevo acercamiento que implicó observar el interior del aula, se desarrolló como solución un prototipo de talleres experienciales de carácter lúdico que tienen como premisa re-configurar el espacio mismo de la sala de clases. Este taller se estructura en una introducción, desarrollo, cierre y evaluación y cuenta con herramientas gráficas que activan la reflexión sobre conceptos financieros. Este taller lleva por nombre REINICIA: La Educación Financiera Colaborativa.

Dinamika kepemudaan di Indonesia terus berkembang dan mengalami transformasi seiring dengan perubahan yang terjadi dalam tataran nasional maupun global. Dalam hal ini pemuda menempati posisi sentral dalam dinamika perjalanan bangsa Indonesia termasuk menjadi bagian dari agen yang secara kreatif dan inovatif mampu memanfaatkan berbagai macam peluang ekonomi yang kemudian mereka dikenal sebagai wirausaha muda. Konsep kewirausahaan senantiasa mengalami perkembangan yaitu tidak hanya membahas aspek mentalitas, kreativitas dan inovasi tetapi mengalami perubahan paradigma untuk merespon kemajuan perubahan dan adaptasi terhadap lingkungan. Karenanya saat ini mulai populer istilah kewirausahaan sosial yang dianggap dapat menjadi solusi inovatif dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan sosial. Aspek menariknya adalah salah satu peran dari wirausaha sosial muda yang muncul di pedesaan memiliki peluang strategis dalam mempercepat proses pembangunan desa. Penelitian ini fokus pada menjawab rumusan masalah yaitu pertama, Bagaimana eksistensi dan peran strategis pemuda dalam praktik kewirausahaan sosial desa? dan Kedua,Bagaimana implikasi sosial ekonomi dari praktik wirausaha sosial muda desa?. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa aspek yaitu Pertama, karakteristik dan 'working ethics' dari wirausaha sosial muda desa dalam praktik bisnis desa wisata. Kedua, menganalisis bentuk modal sosial khususnya jaringan sosial dari peran wirausaha sosial muda dalam pemberdayaan sosial masyarakat khususnya di pedesaan. Ketiga, menganalisis implikasi sosial ekonomi di pedesaan dari praktik bisnis desa wisata. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan metode kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari penelitian lapangan meliputi observasi, wawancara, FGD dan dokumentasi lapangan. Untuk sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen dan catatan yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis sosiologis. Pendekatan teoritis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu konsep kewirausahaan sosial, modal sosial dan partisipasi pemuda. Temuan penelitia menunjukkan adanya ragam pola dan mekanisme yang secara bertahap memiliki peran dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas kesejahteraan pemuda dan keluarga (masyarakat). Dalam hal ini, partisipasi pemuda dalam pembangunan desa dapat dilihat sebagai bentuk tindakan kolektif wirausaha sosial muda desa dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan penghidupan berkelanjutan. Nilai saling percaya, solidaritas dan kebersamaan menjadi unsur dasar modal sosial yang terjalin dalam hubungan pemuda dan masyarakat melalui aktivitas pengembangan desa wisata. Dengan demikian, pemuda mempunyai posisi strategis untuk mendorong program kemajuan desa termasuk tujuan besar pengentasan kemiskinan.

Problem Statement: Creating a learning environment for in novation and entrepreneurship depends on the leadership model of the university management because of the highly technological and innovative products and services demand. Research Questions: This study questions the leadership model at the universities where inninterovation and entrepreneurship have significantly improved including the drawbacks of  the leadership models. Purpose of the Study: As the purpose of this study, the new leadership model for the university management for innovation and entrepreneurship is studied clearly to understand deeply the
new roles in these highly competitive global economies. Further more, the style of the leadership model is analyzed as well to find out the new strategy.
Research Methods: By using strategically phenomenological  interpretive analysis, the new leadership model for the university management for innovation and entrepreneurship is articulated in three different universities in Istanbul. The
study takes three months where 42 different faculty members and 12  graduate students are questioned by giving 6 different research questions in the semi structured interviews. The  data are analyzed in  Atlas. ti 7.

Social Entrepreneurship is the one of business model that created to cater to the basic human need efficiently, where the existing market and institution failed to satisfy. Previously traditional entrepreneurship dominates the business system, but nowadays entrepreneurs are getting interested to the social entrepreneurship. The main objectives of the social entrepreneur are to change the society so that they can stimulate idea for more society acceptable, sustainable business strategies and organizational form. It also to encourage establish corporation to take on Corporate Social Responsibility and creates new models for provision of product and  services that  can cater directly to basic human needs that remain unsatisfied by current economic or social institution.

In the era of digital transformation, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) has become as a must to achieve more people with affordable prices.Hence, in the delivery of psychological testing,the psychologists, counselors, and other experts become more and more integrated into the use of the ICT.Such integration would not only help to achieve more people, particularly those who are under privilege, but would also improve the quality, flexibility, and the rapidness of the services. In the global era, the importance of psychological testing has been markedly increasing in education as well in business world. However, the accessing more people and preparing the reports for those people are expensive and need more time. Therefore, most of the counseling and psychology based centers and institutions have preferred to use intensively the psychological testing by using ICT.

This paper has focused on the usage of ICT on psychological testing in one of the selected public university in Turkey. The aim is to find out why psychologists and counselors,and even students use ICT on psychological testing and their perceptions and expectations about this new service. A simple random sampling was chosen to select 38 undergraduate students who had taken the psychological testing online. Two psychologists and three counsellors, who had been using ICT on psychological testing more than 8 months, were engaged to the research. In the research study, the phenomenological analysis had been preferred by giving nine research questions. The participants had answered why they used this service, and what were their perceptions and expectations in the semi-structured interviews.

By using Atlas.ti 7, the collected data were studied critically.The findings of this study revealed that the psychologists and counselors use ICT on psychological testing for reaching more students. More importantly, according to the participants as experts, the number of attendance has increased significantly because of the flexibility of time and space. Additionally, the quality of testing has improved dramatically due to the ICT’s effectiveness and efficiencies in collecting and storing data. Furthermore, as the psychologists and counselors point out, they have spent less time in reporting and they find better opportunities to collect more data and to make comparative studies.According to them, even though their perceptions and expectations about using ICT on psychological testing are negative at the beginning, they change after seeing the positive sides for themselves as well for the students.

Furthermore, most of the students (98%) clarify that they enjoy being parts of this service since it is easy, friendly use, flexible, attractive, and innovative. Since they can access even through the social media, the large number of the students (86%) have clarified that integration of ICT through the use of chat rooms, email and social networking, they become more interested and being aware about certain aspects.Even though a large number of them (91%) say that they like to have face-to-face relationship with the psychologists and counselors, they all agree that ICT increase visibility, affordability, and accessibility of the service. In conclusion, the study recommends that ICT would play important roles to achieve more and more students with a few experts since they increase capacity building by improving visibility, affordability, and accessibility of the service.
keywords: ict, psychological testing, higher education, visibility, affordability, accessibility.