Osteology, paleopathology and bioarchaeology.
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Recent papers in Osteology, paleopathology and bioarchaeology.
La paleopatología investiga la evolución de las enfermedades en el pasado y las formas en las cuales las sociedades humanas se adaptan a ellas y a su medio ambiente (Zuckerman et al., 2012). Desde esta perspectiva evolutiva, las... more
La paleopatología investiga la evolución de las enfermedades en el pasado y las formas en las cuales las sociedades humanas se adaptan a ellas y a su medio ambiente (Zuckerman et al., 2012). Desde esta perspectiva evolutiva, las investigaciones paleopatológicas en la actualidad intentan ofrecer aportes acerca de la influencia de factores biológicos, socioeconómicos y culturales (e.g., dieta,
conflictos sociales, demografía, etc.) sobre la salud de las sociedades humanas en escalas individuales y poblacionales. Este capítulo presenta el camino recorrido por esta disciplina hasta alcanzar el nivel de desarrollo actual, analizando sus conceptos teóricos y metodológicos más importantes. Al mismo tiempo, se discuten los aspectos que son objeto de mayor debate en la actualidad y los avances más destacados logrados durante las últimas décadas. Finalmente, se analiza la situación actual sobre el desarrollo de la paleopatología en Latinoamérica y los próximos desafíos que deberá afrontar.
conflictos sociales, demografía, etc.) sobre la salud de las sociedades humanas en escalas individuales y poblacionales. Este capítulo presenta el camino recorrido por esta disciplina hasta alcanzar el nivel de desarrollo actual, analizando sus conceptos teóricos y metodológicos más importantes. Al mismo tiempo, se discuten los aspectos que son objeto de mayor debate en la actualidad y los avances más destacados logrados durante las últimas décadas. Finalmente, se analiza la situación actual sobre el desarrollo de la paleopatología en Latinoamérica y los próximos desafíos que deberá afrontar.
RESUMEN Los modelos bioantropológicos y arqueológicos proponen cambios en la demografía, en la organización social, en las dinámicas poblacionales y en las redes de interacción social entre los grupos cazadores-recolectores del norte de... more
RESUMEN Los modelos bioantropológicos y arqueológicos proponen cambios en la demografía, en la organización social, en las dinámicas poblacionales y en las redes de interacción social entre los grupos cazadores-recolectores del norte de la Patagonia y del sur pampeano durante los últimos 1000 años. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar, desde la
perspectiva de la antropología dental, si los individuos recuperados en el curso inferior del río Colorado (transición pampeano-patagónica oriental, provincia de Buenos Aires), inhumados durante el Holoceno tardío (ca. 3000-250 años AP), pertenecieron a diferentes poblaciones biológicas o si, por el contrario, compartieron un pool génico común a lo largo
de ese período. Para alcanzar este objetivo se realizaron
análisis métricos de la dentición permanente de 21 individuos adultos de ambos sexos, procedentes de tres sitios arqueológicos.
Los resultados indican una similitud en la dispersión de
los valores obtenidos, lo que permitiría inferir cierta continuidad fenotípica. En este sentido, no se observan segregaciones claras entre grupos de individuos, de manera que es posible plantear que no habrían existido divergencias biológicas entre los grupos humanos que inhumaban a sus ancestros en el área durante todo el lapso considerado. Estos datos contrastan con la información generada en áreas vecinas (p. ej., Pampa
occidental), lo que indicaría que durante el Holoceno tardío final (ca. 1000-250 años AP) se habrían desarrollado diferentes procesos y dinámicas poblacionales (p.ej., regionalización) a nivel macro-regional.
ABSTRACT Bioanthropological and archaeological models propose changes in demography, social organization, population dynamics, and social network interactions among hunter-gatherer groups of northern Patagonia and southern Pampas over the last 1000 years BP. Following this argument, the aim of this paper is to examine, from a dental anthropological perspective, whether the individuals recovered in the lower course of the Colorado river (Eastern Pampean-Patagonian transition, Buenos Aires province, Argentina), buried during the late Holocene (ca. 3000-250 years BP), belonged to different biological populations or, on the contrary, whether they shared a common gene pool
throughout this period. To achieve this goal, dental metrics were performed on adults from both sexes, recovered from three archaeological sites. The results indicate a similarity in the dispersion of the values obtained, which would allow the inference of certain phenotypic continuity. In this sense, no clear segregations among groups of individuals are
observed, so that it is possible to argue that biological differences would not have existed among the human groups that buried their ancestors in the lower course of the Colorado river during the period considered. These data contrast with the information generated in neighboring areas (e.g., western Pampas), indicating that during the final late Holocene (ca. 1000-250 years BP) different processes and population dynamics (e.g., regionalization) developed at a macro-regional level.
perspectiva de la antropología dental, si los individuos recuperados en el curso inferior del río Colorado (transición pampeano-patagónica oriental, provincia de Buenos Aires), inhumados durante el Holoceno tardío (ca. 3000-250 años AP), pertenecieron a diferentes poblaciones biológicas o si, por el contrario, compartieron un pool génico común a lo largo
de ese período. Para alcanzar este objetivo se realizaron
análisis métricos de la dentición permanente de 21 individuos adultos de ambos sexos, procedentes de tres sitios arqueológicos.
Los resultados indican una similitud en la dispersión de
los valores obtenidos, lo que permitiría inferir cierta continuidad fenotípica. En este sentido, no se observan segregaciones claras entre grupos de individuos, de manera que es posible plantear que no habrían existido divergencias biológicas entre los grupos humanos que inhumaban a sus ancestros en el área durante todo el lapso considerado. Estos datos contrastan con la información generada en áreas vecinas (p. ej., Pampa
occidental), lo que indicaría que durante el Holoceno tardío final (ca. 1000-250 años AP) se habrían desarrollado diferentes procesos y dinámicas poblacionales (p.ej., regionalización) a nivel macro-regional.
ABSTRACT Bioanthropological and archaeological models propose changes in demography, social organization, population dynamics, and social network interactions among hunter-gatherer groups of northern Patagonia and southern Pampas over the last 1000 years BP. Following this argument, the aim of this paper is to examine, from a dental anthropological perspective, whether the individuals recovered in the lower course of the Colorado river (Eastern Pampean-Patagonian transition, Buenos Aires province, Argentina), buried during the late Holocene (ca. 3000-250 years BP), belonged to different biological populations or, on the contrary, whether they shared a common gene pool
throughout this period. To achieve this goal, dental metrics were performed on adults from both sexes, recovered from three archaeological sites. The results indicate a similarity in the dispersion of the values obtained, which would allow the inference of certain phenotypic continuity. In this sense, no clear segregations among groups of individuals are
observed, so that it is possible to argue that biological differences would not have existed among the human groups that buried their ancestors in the lower course of the Colorado river during the period considered. These data contrast with the information generated in neighboring areas (e.g., western Pampas), indicating that during the final late Holocene (ca. 1000-250 years BP) different processes and population dynamics (e.g., regionalization) developed at a macro-regional level.
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular... more
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular analysis. From these studies, it is possible to explore the impact of diseases in human populations and understand its development in today´s world. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the reconstruction of evolutionary scenarios of human health and its relationship with different cultural and biological factors.
As part of the schedule of meetings organized by the Paleopathology Association, the Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA) was uninterruptedly carried out since 2005. Like the meetings organized in North America and Europe, the main objective of the South American Meetings is to facilitate interactions between specialists interested in paleopathology. This is a space that allows researchers and students from many regions to present their results and have contact with professionals from other countries of the continent and the world.
The previous five meetings strengthened and encouraged the development of the South American paleopathological research on local and regional scales. In this first tenth anniversary, PAMinSA VI provides an opportunity to consider the results achieved so far, and to propose new goals for the near future within the discipline.
La paleopatología comprende el análisis de las enfermedades en el pasado reciente y remoto a través de una variedad de fuentes de información que incluye restos esqueletizados y momificados, documentos histórico-etnográficos y análisis moleculares y de microorganismos. A partir de estos estudios es posible explorar el impacto de las enfermedades en las poblaciones humanas y comprender su desarrollo en la actualidad. A su vez, es factible contribuir en la reconstrucción de escenarios evolutivos de la salud humana y su relación con diferentes factores culturales y biológicos.
Como parte del cronograma de encuentros organizados por la Paleopathology Association, se realizan desde el año 2005 y en forma ininterrumpida los Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA). Al igual que en los congresos que se desarrollan en América del Norte y Europa, el Congreso Sudamericano tiene como objetivo principal facilitar la interacción entre especialistas interesados en la paleopatología. Este es un espacio que cada dos años permite a investigadores y estudiantes de toda la región presentar sus producciones y contactarse con profesionales de otros países del continente y del mundo.
Los cinco encuentros previos han fortalecido y favorecido el desarrollo de las investigaciones paleopatológicas sudamericanas en escalas locales y regionales. En este primer décimo aniversario, el PAMinSA VI ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar acerca de los resultados alcanzados hasta el momento y proponer nuevas metas para el futuro próximo dentro de la disciplina.
As part of the schedule of meetings organized by the Paleopathology Association, the Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA) was uninterruptedly carried out since 2005. Like the meetings organized in North America and Europe, the main objective of the South American Meetings is to facilitate interactions between specialists interested in paleopathology. This is a space that allows researchers and students from many regions to present their results and have contact with professionals from other countries of the continent and the world.
The previous five meetings strengthened and encouraged the development of the South American paleopathological research on local and regional scales. In this first tenth anniversary, PAMinSA VI provides an opportunity to consider the results achieved so far, and to propose new goals for the near future within the discipline.
La paleopatología comprende el análisis de las enfermedades en el pasado reciente y remoto a través de una variedad de fuentes de información que incluye restos esqueletizados y momificados, documentos histórico-etnográficos y análisis moleculares y de microorganismos. A partir de estos estudios es posible explorar el impacto de las enfermedades en las poblaciones humanas y comprender su desarrollo en la actualidad. A su vez, es factible contribuir en la reconstrucción de escenarios evolutivos de la salud humana y su relación con diferentes factores culturales y biológicos.
Como parte del cronograma de encuentros organizados por la Paleopathology Association, se realizan desde el año 2005 y en forma ininterrumpida los Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA). Al igual que en los congresos que se desarrollan en América del Norte y Europa, el Congreso Sudamericano tiene como objetivo principal facilitar la interacción entre especialistas interesados en la paleopatología. Este es un espacio que cada dos años permite a investigadores y estudiantes de toda la región presentar sus producciones y contactarse con profesionales de otros países del continente y del mundo.
Los cinco encuentros previos han fortalecido y favorecido el desarrollo de las investigaciones paleopatológicas sudamericanas en escalas locales y regionales. En este primer décimo aniversario, el PAMinSA VI ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar acerca de los resultados alcanzados hasta el momento y proponer nuevas metas para el futuro próximo dentro de la disciplina.
In the 19th century, easy ignitable matches were a technological advancement but the white phosphorus component led to a new industrial disease, the phosphorus necrosis of the jaw. This paper draws awareness to phosphorus necrosis of the... more
In the 19th century, easy ignitable matches were a technological advancement but the white phosphorus component led to a new industrial disease, the phosphorus necrosis of the jaw. This paper draws awareness to phosphorus necrosis of the jaw as only a few archaeological cases have been reported in the literature. Phosphorus necrosis of the jaw affected mostly women and children exposed to white phosphorus fumes in poorly ventilated factories. Phosphorus necrosis of the jaw started with a dull pain, as the disease progressed, bone necrosis and an involucrum would form. Sometimes this disease could be fatal, but if the individual survived could be socially stigmatized due to facial disfigurement and foul smell. Treatments involved mouth-washes and surgical extraction of necrotic bone. Other pathological conditions can cause osteomyelitis in the jaw. Besides a paleopathological analysis, the archaeological context and a calculus analysis for phosphorus levels should be taken into consideration to aid in the differential diagnosis.
Se describen y discuten los primeros resultados de los análisis bioarqueológicos de once inhumaciones rea-lizadas en los valles de Fiambalá (departamento Tinogasta), Hualfín (departamento Belén) y Andalgalá (departa-mento Andalgalá) de la... more
Se describen y discuten los primeros resultados de los análisis bioarqueológicos de once inhumaciones rea-lizadas en los valles de Fiambalá (departamento Tinogasta), Hualfín (departamento Belén) y Andalgalá (departa-mento Andalgalá) de la provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. La muestra, recuperada en el marco de proyectos de investigación (Fiambalá) y de estudios de impacto (Hualfín y Andalgalá), se ubica temporalmente entre los siglos VI y XV DC y presenta amplia diversidad bioarqueológica. El objetivo es recuperar información de los contextos mortuorios, realizar una síntesis de los antecedentes regionales publicados e integrar ambos conjuntos de datos para los tres valles catamarqueños. Se presentan las principales tendencias identificadas, que dan cuenta de si-militudes y diferencias en el comportamiento mortuorio, la salud y el estilo de vida de los individuos analizados.
We present and discuss the first bioarchaeological analysis of eleven burials recovered from excavations in the valleys of Fiambalá (Tinogasta Dept.), Hualfin (Belén Dept.) and Andalgalá (Andalgalá Dept.) in the province of Catamarca, Argentina. The sample, recovered in the context of research projects (Fiambalá) and impact studies (Hualfin and Andalgalá), is temporarily located between the sixth and fifteenth centuries AD and shows variability in the bioarchaeological characteristics. The aim is to obtain information from the mortuary contexts, to achieve a synthesis of published mortuary research and to integrate both data sets in the regional bioarchaeological background of the three valleys. The main trends identified, which account for similarities and differences in mortuary behavior, health and lifestyle of the individuals analyzed, are presented.
We present and discuss the first bioarchaeological analysis of eleven burials recovered from excavations in the valleys of Fiambalá (Tinogasta Dept.), Hualfin (Belén Dept.) and Andalgalá (Andalgalá Dept.) in the province of Catamarca, Argentina. The sample, recovered in the context of research projects (Fiambalá) and impact studies (Hualfin and Andalgalá), is temporarily located between the sixth and fifteenth centuries AD and shows variability in the bioarchaeological characteristics. The aim is to obtain information from the mortuary contexts, to achieve a synthesis of published mortuary research and to integrate both data sets in the regional bioarchaeological background of the three valleys. The main trends identified, which account for similarities and differences in mortuary behavior, health and lifestyle of the individuals analyzed, are presented.
Analysis of Taos Valley mortuary practices (A.D. 1200-1320) revealed distinct methods for burying the deceased. This paper explores variation between Northern Rio Grande Classic Period mortuary practices and Taos Valley Coalition Period... more
Analysis of Taos Valley mortuary practices (A.D. 1200-1320) revealed distinct methods for burying the deceased. This paper explores variation between Northern Rio Grande Classic Period mortuary practices and Taos Valley Coalition Period practices, addressing issues of mortuary ritual continuity and change during this period of social upheaval. Since mortuary ritual is conservative, alterations are rare and migrating groups would probably have continued these important traditions in their new communities. Additionally, this study discusses the efficacy of mortuary practices and ritual in the Northern Rio Grande as a means to identify immigrants.
This study presents the results of an isotopic analysis of nine naturally mummified individuals three adults, two adolescents, one juvenile, and three infantsdrecovered from the Hets Mountain Cave site in southern Mongolia, where they had... more
This study presents the results of an isotopic analysis of nine naturally mummified individuals three adults, two adolescents, one juvenile, and three infantsdrecovered from the Hets Mountain Cave site in southern Mongolia, where they had been secondarily deposited. All of the individuals show evidence of violent perimortem trauma, but no skeletal indicators of nutritional or disease-related stress. Multi-isotopic data (d 13 C, d 15 N, d 18 O, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, and 20n Pb/ 204 Pb) were characterized in multiple tissues from each individual when possible, in order to reconstruct diet composition and residential origin at different points in life. Specifically, d 13 C and d 15 N in bone carbonate and collagen (N ¼ 8) and hair keratin (N ¼ 4) were coupled with enamel carbonate d 18 O and d 13 C (N ¼ 3) and enamel 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, and 20n Pb/ 204 Pb (N ¼ 3) to assess diet and residential mobility in relation to skeletal indicators of health and trauma. Results are consistent with a persistence of mixed C 3 /C 4 pastoral subsistence and general stability of diet composition over the life course, in contrast to contemporary accounts of widespread famine and a dependence on grains imported from China throughout the region. However, results also suggest that at least some individuals may have migrated to this region of southern Mongolia from elsewhere during life, meaning that their dietary isotopic profiles may not represent local subsistence patterns near the Hets Mountain Cave site. Overall, these results speak to the utility of life course oriented multi-isotopic analysis in complementing more top-down historical analyses in understanding variation in subsistence, nutrition, and migration in regions undergoing significant political and economic turmoil.
In October 2011, the symposium “Contributions of palaeopathology to the study of past human societies” was organized by the authors as the part of the Xth Meeting of Biological Anthropology Society of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina. The... more
In October 2011, the symposium “Contributions of palaeopathology to the study of past human societies” was organized by the authors as the part of the Xth Meeting of Biological Anthropology Society of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina. The aim of the symposium was to present multidisciplinary population studies, which broadly included current theoretical and methodological perspectives.
RESUMEN. Este trabajo presenta los principales resultados y discusiones llevadas adelante durante el III Taller Nacional de Bioarqueología y Paleopatología, celebrado en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La... more
RESUMEN. Este trabajo presenta los principales resultados y discusiones llevadas adelante durante el III Taller Nacional de Bioarqueología y Paleopatología, celebrado en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata los días 19 y 20 de mayo de 2016. Durante la realización del taller se presentaron ponencias que versaron sobre el estudio de restos esqueléticos y dentales, focalizando en las ventajas, desventajas y factibilidad de la aplicación de los métodos y técnicas complementarias o alternativas. Las mesas de discusión se organizaron siguiendo diferentes líneas temáticas como Antropología dental; Paleopatología, paleoparasitología y tafonomía, donde se expusieron trabajos relativos al uso del cuerpo, alimentación, salud y alteraciones culturales; Análisis microscópicos y densitométricos, donde se presentaron los alcances y dificultades en la realización de estos estudios; y por último, Determinación del sexo, donde se analizaron muestras arqueológicas de individuos adultos y se realizaron propuestas para la determinación sobre restos de individuos inmaduros investigando colecciones documentadas. Independientemente de los temas específicos que fueron trabajados, se discutieron temas como la necesidad de definir criterios que contribuyan a que las instituciones encargadas de la guarda de las colecciones de restos esqueléticos ofrezcan autorización para el análisis con equipamiento específico y se argumentó la necesidad de enfatizar en la divulgación de los resultados de los estudios bioarqueológicos y paleopatológicos en ámbitos académicos y no académicos.
ABSTRACT. This paper presents the main results and discussions carried out during the Third National Workshop on Bioarchaeology and Paleopathology, held at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of La Plata, on May 19-20, 2016. During the workshop, oral communications about the study of skeletal and dental remains were presented, focusing on the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility of the implementation of complementary or alternative research methods and techniques. The oral presentations were organized in scientific sessions along different thematic lines. The first session focused on Dental anthropology; the second one, that included expositions about Paleopathology, paleoparasitology and taphonomy, included research that discussed about the use of the body, health and cultural alterations. In the third session, concerning Microscopic and densitometric analysis, the scope and difficulties of conducting these studies were considered. Finally, the last session focused on Sex determination methodologies; in this case, archaeological adult samples were analyzed, and proposals for immature sex determination were conducted. During the meeting, the need to define criteria that contribute to the institutions responsible for the care of the collections of skeletal remains to provide authorization for analysis with specific equipment was expressed. Also, the need to emphasize the divulgation of the results of bioarchaeological and paleopathological studies in academic and non-academic areas was strongly argued.
ABSTRACT. This paper presents the main results and discussions carried out during the Third National Workshop on Bioarchaeology and Paleopathology, held at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of La Plata, on May 19-20, 2016. During the workshop, oral communications about the study of skeletal and dental remains were presented, focusing on the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility of the implementation of complementary or alternative research methods and techniques. The oral presentations were organized in scientific sessions along different thematic lines. The first session focused on Dental anthropology; the second one, that included expositions about Paleopathology, paleoparasitology and taphonomy, included research that discussed about the use of the body, health and cultural alterations. In the third session, concerning Microscopic and densitometric analysis, the scope and difficulties of conducting these studies were considered. Finally, the last session focused on Sex determination methodologies; in this case, archaeological adult samples were analyzed, and proposals for immature sex determination were conducted. During the meeting, the need to define criteria that contribute to the institutions responsible for the care of the collections of skeletal remains to provide authorization for analysis with specific equipment was expressed. Also, the need to emphasize the divulgation of the results of bioarchaeological and paleopathological studies in academic and non-academic areas was strongly argued.
This project investigates the relationship between health and diet in medieval Portugal by combining data on the occurrence of osteoporosis with information on past diet derived from stable isotope ratios. The aim of this project is to... more
This project investigates the relationship between health and diet in medieval Portugal by combining data on the occurrence of osteoporosis with information on past diet derived from stable isotope ratios. The aim of this project is to identify whether different sources of protein influenced the prevalence of osteoporosis in three populations. Individuals from three different regions of Portugal were previously evaluated for bone mineral density at the University of Coimbra, Portugal, and bone samples from 91 of these individuals underwent stable isotope analysis at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Collagen suitable for isotopic analysis was extracted from all individuals and indicated a negative correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and carbon and nitrogen isotope values for females at one site and a positive correlation for males at another site. These results, combined with the lack of a clear relationship between BMD and nitrogen isotope values for the other subgroups, suggest a complicated relationship between dietary protein source and the occurrence of osteoporosis. While samples sizes are small, the data indicate that future analysis is warranted, particularly considering the high incidence of osteoporosis and the economic and individual strain of the disease.
Contending with Human Bones. Volume editor by Mary Baxter, General editors David Barrowclough and Susanne Hakenbeck. Papers by: M. Baxter: Contending with Human Bones C. Roberts: Bees in My Bonnet T. Molleson: The Archaeology of... more
Contending with Human Bones. Volume editor by Mary Baxter, General editors David Barrowclough and Susanne Hakenbeck.
Papers by:
M. Baxter: Contending with Human Bones
C. Roberts: Bees in My Bonnet
T. Molleson: The Archaeology of Family Planning and the Role of Infanticide
M. Baxter: Corporeal Realities, or Flesh and Blood as well as Bone
F. Hutton: Skeletons in the Prehistoric Closet
C. Catuna: Exquisite Corpses
D. Gheorghia: Invisible Presences and Clay Ancestors
Papers by:
M. Baxter: Contending with Human Bones
C. Roberts: Bees in My Bonnet
T. Molleson: The Archaeology of Family Planning and the Role of Infanticide
M. Baxter: Corporeal Realities, or Flesh and Blood as well as Bone
F. Hutton: Skeletons in the Prehistoric Closet
C. Catuna: Exquisite Corpses
D. Gheorghia: Invisible Presences and Clay Ancestors
El pueblo de Las Papas es el más septentrional del Municipio de Fiambalá (Departamento de Tinogasta, Catamarca, Argentina) y está emplazado en plena Cordillera de San Buenaventura (2.678 msnm). Dentro del ejido se rescataron tres... more
El pueblo de Las Papas es el más septentrional del Municipio de Fiambalá (Departamento de
Tinogasta, Catamarca, Argentina) y está emplazado en plena Cordillera de San Buenaventura
(2.678 msnm). Dentro del ejido se rescataron tres entierros denominados Las Papas-I (LP-I),
Las Papas-II (LP-II) y Las Papas-III (LP-III), los cuales se encontraban en la periferia norte,
en el lateral de la cancha de fútbol y a la entrada del pueblo, respectivamente. La distancia
entre los entierros no supera los 200 metros; sin embargo, dentro de ese reducido espacio se
ha identificado una importante variabilidad en las prácticas mortuorias en distintos períodos
del desarrollo cultural, principalmente por las notorias diferencias en los acompañamientos,
formas de colocación de los cuerpos y tipos de estructuras de inhumación. Se trata de tres
entierros primarios simples que incluyen individuos masculinos (un juvenil, un adulto joven
y un adulto medio) y que cubren un rango temporal desde los primeros siglos antes de la
era cristina hasta el siglo XIV. En este trabajo se realiza una caracterización biológica y del
comportamiento mortuorio de los restos recuperados y se discute la presencia de indicadores
de estrés por anemia en los tres individuos.
Tinogasta, Catamarca, Argentina) y está emplazado en plena Cordillera de San Buenaventura
(2.678 msnm). Dentro del ejido se rescataron tres entierros denominados Las Papas-I (LP-I),
Las Papas-II (LP-II) y Las Papas-III (LP-III), los cuales se encontraban en la periferia norte,
en el lateral de la cancha de fútbol y a la entrada del pueblo, respectivamente. La distancia
entre los entierros no supera los 200 metros; sin embargo, dentro de ese reducido espacio se
ha identificado una importante variabilidad en las prácticas mortuorias en distintos períodos
del desarrollo cultural, principalmente por las notorias diferencias en los acompañamientos,
formas de colocación de los cuerpos y tipos de estructuras de inhumación. Se trata de tres
entierros primarios simples que incluyen individuos masculinos (un juvenil, un adulto joven
y un adulto medio) y que cubren un rango temporal desde los primeros siglos antes de la
era cristina hasta el siglo XIV. En este trabajo se realiza una caracterización biológica y del
comportamiento mortuorio de los restos recuperados y se discute la presencia de indicadores
de estrés por anemia en los tres individuos.
Paleopathology in bones of very small mammals has rarely been studied. Different types of osseous lesions of mammals weighing under 0.2 kg, recovered from the Holocene strata of Cueva Tixi archaeological and pa-leontological site... more
Paleopathology in bones of very small mammals has rarely been studied. Different types of osseous lesions of mammals weighing under 0.2 kg, recovered from the Holocene strata of Cueva Tixi archaeological and pa-leontological site (Tandilia range, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina), are described and discussed in this report. Several types of trauma, entheseal changes, degenerative joint diseases, and probable osteomyelitis were identified. The lesions were chronic, indicating that the animals were able to survive a period of convalescence, although in many cases the decreased capacity for locomotion likely was significant. These pathological findings open research avenues for very small mammals that usually are not considered in archaeological disease studies.
Skeletal evidence of violence in the American Southwest is well known and both healed and peri-mortem trauma has been reported at many sites, including high rates of cranial injury supporting evidence of warfare. The present study... more
Skeletal evidence of violence in the American Southwest is well known and both healed and peri-mortem trauma has been reported at many sites, including high rates of cranial injury supporting evidence of warfare. The present study examines the peri-mortem skeletal injuries in three young males from Pot Creek Pueblo (AD 1260-1320) located in the Taos Valley. Of the individuals analyzed from the Taos Valley, peri-mortem trauma only occurred in these three males, although healed ante-mortem injuries were present in several other individuals. CT scans of the skulls provided an additional method of analysis of the injuries and data necessary to differentiate peri-mortem trauma from post-mortem damage in one case. The pattern of peri-mortem blunt force and chopping force trauma to the skulls and post-cranial remains suggests hand-to hand combat occurred and these individuals died from chopping trauma to the skull, potentially from warfare related activities. Additionally, comparisons of the trauma patterns to rock art dating to the period suggests the type of weapon depicted may have been utilized to inflict the trauma to the skulls.
La bioarqueología ha demostrado ser, desde sus inicios en la década de 1970, una fuente de información en continuo crecimiento que colabora de manera dinámica a redimensionar nuestra concepción acerca de las sociedades humanas del pasado.... more
La bioarqueología ha demostrado ser, desde sus inicios en la década de 1970, una fuente de información en continuo crecimiento que colabora de manera dinámica a redimensionar nuestra concepción acerca de las sociedades humanas del pasado. En Latinoamérica, la disciplina ha experimentado un particular impulso durante las últimas décadas, el cual estuvo guiado tanto por la implementación de desarrollos teórico-metodológicos generados en todo el mundo como por los intereses particulares por conocer distintos aspectos de las sociedades precolombinas y por el pulso de los interrogantes científicos y sociales locales. La bioarqueología se constituye en la actualidad como un activo ámbito de producción de conocimiento que genera discursos propios, originales y en ocasiones contestatarios, para descifrar cómo vivían los pueblos prehispánicos y qué cambios sufrieron como consecuencia de la colonización europea.
La génesis del libro que usted tiene en sus manos surgió de la búsqueda de reunir un conjunto de contribuciones que mostraran la gran variedad de enfoques bioarqueológicos que actualmente se abordan en nuestro continente. El objetivo es, entonces, ofrecer un panorama general del estado de la disciplina en Latinoamérica. Los capítulos comprenden desde estudios de casos específicos hasta síntesis regionales resultado de proyectos de trabajo de largo aliento.
La génesis del libro que usted tiene en sus manos surgió de la búsqueda de reunir un conjunto de contribuciones que mostraran la gran variedad de enfoques bioarqueológicos que actualmente se abordan en nuestro continente. El objetivo es, entonces, ofrecer un panorama general del estado de la disciplina en Latinoamérica. Los capítulos comprenden desde estudios de casos específicos hasta síntesis regionales resultado de proyectos de trabajo de largo aliento.
Un seminario per mostrare l'importanza di un dialogo tra discipline umanistiche e scientifiche. Sinergie necessarie per scavare, documentare, ricostruire e valorizzare storie di uomini e popolazioni passate. A parlarcene saranno membri... more
Un seminario per mostrare l'importanza di un dialogo tra discipline umanistiche e scientifiche.
Sinergie necessarie per scavare, documentare, ricostruire e valorizzare storie di uomini e popolazioni passate.
A parlarcene saranno membri dell'ISCUM, esperti del mondo accademico e del MiBACT.
Vi aspettiamo!
La sala conferenze del Museo di Sant'Agostino si trova in piazza Sarzano (a destra dopo l'ingresso del Museo) ed è raggiungibile con il metrò, fermata S. Agostino.
Per chi venisse in macchina il parcheggio più comodo è il Marina park in via Mura della Marina
Sinergie necessarie per scavare, documentare, ricostruire e valorizzare storie di uomini e popolazioni passate.
A parlarcene saranno membri dell'ISCUM, esperti del mondo accademico e del MiBACT.
Vi aspettiamo!
La sala conferenze del Museo di Sant'Agostino si trova in piazza Sarzano (a destra dopo l'ingresso del Museo) ed è raggiungibile con il metrò, fermata S. Agostino.
Per chi venisse in macchina il parcheggio più comodo è il Marina park in via Mura della Marina
Resumen Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su... more
Resumen
Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su adecuada comparación. En este trabajo se discuten algunos problemas derivados de esa diversidad de perspectivas, con el objetivo de plantear la necesidad de formular criterios consensuados de registro y análisis que permitan generar datos comparables. Se reflexiona sobre aspectos relativos al proceso de relevamiento de los indicadores osteoarticulares y de procesamiento de la información, al mismo tiempo que se plantean opciones terminológicas y procedimentales que contribuyan a generar un marco general para el desarrollo de estudios multimuestrales.
Abstract
Since the beginning of bioarchaeology, the studies of osteoarticular disorders use heterogeneous definitions, survey protocols, and analysis proposals, which usually disable adequate comparisons. This paper discusses some problems arising from the diversity of perspectives used, with the aim of highlighting the need to develop consensus for recording and analyzing data in order to generate comparable criteria. It reflects on aspects related to the process of recording of the musculoskeletal indicators and information processing, at the same time that it offers terminological and procedural options that contribute to the generation of frameworks for the development of multi-sample studies.
Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su adecuada comparación. En este trabajo se discuten algunos problemas derivados de esa diversidad de perspectivas, con el objetivo de plantear la necesidad de formular criterios consensuados de registro y análisis que permitan generar datos comparables. Se reflexiona sobre aspectos relativos al proceso de relevamiento de los indicadores osteoarticulares y de procesamiento de la información, al mismo tiempo que se plantean opciones terminológicas y procedimentales que contribuyan a generar un marco general para el desarrollo de estudios multimuestrales.
Abstract
Since the beginning of bioarchaeology, the studies of osteoarticular disorders use heterogeneous definitions, survey protocols, and analysis proposals, which usually disable adequate comparisons. This paper discusses some problems arising from the diversity of perspectives used, with the aim of highlighting the need to develop consensus for recording and analyzing data in order to generate comparable criteria. It reflects on aspects related to the process of recording of the musculoskeletal indicators and information processing, at the same time that it offers terminological and procedural options that contribute to the generation of frameworks for the development of multi-sample studies.
Prostate carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasia that mostly metastasizes to bone in males. Nonetheless, the number of paleopathological cases reported is very small. Most of them were identified in Europe, and only two came from South... more
Prostate carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasia that mostly metastasizes to bone in males. Nonetheless, the number of paleopathological cases reported is very small. Most of them were identified in Europe, and only two came from South American individuals. The purpose of this paper is to document the lesions identified in a Pre-Columbian (around 1400 AD) individual that corresponds to a middle adult male from Pukara de la Cueva, Jujuy province, in the Northwest region of Argentina. The skeleton was found disarticulated but it is nearly complete and well preserved. The general character of the lesions observed is predominantly proliferative in nature, but osteolytic and mixed patterns were also detected in both axial and appendicular skeleton. Macroscopically, this overall pattern and the distribution of the lesions are compatible with a secondary cancer. Radiological examination showed multiple dense and irregular areas in several bones. The lesions visible by external inspection and by radiographs are in concordance with changes which are documented to occur in the course of prostatic carcinoma. The exuberance and dissemination of the lesions all over the skeleton led infer individual cachexy implying that he would have been assisted by his family and/or social group during the chronic process. Different carcinogenic risk factors associated to this kind of disease are discussed. This analysis adds new evidence of Pre-Columbian carcinoma in South American native populations, as knowledge from clinical cases is considered to delineate a differential diagnosis.
- by Leandro Luna and +3
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- Anthropology, Bioarchaeology, Paleopathology, Humans
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