Manufacturing Companies

The use of IT systems in modern accounting has become a necessity for all companies. The basic function of modern business organisations is the efficient management of information and knowledge. During decision-making processes, managers require reliable and accurate information. Managers, for both tactical and operational goals, must have data from functional areas, like accounting, production, marketing or procurement. A properly functioning information system in an enterprise ensures the flow of information between all systems and subsystems, and between an enterprise and its surroundings. The aim of this paper is to present IT systems used in the area of accounting in Polish companies. The purpose of this paper is to determine the motives of choice – which software is the best for using in the accounting subsystem of given enterprises. The used methods in this paper are a questionnaire, comparisons and explanation. Some theoretical approaches are examined by analysis of the surv...

Despite the fact that numerous studies have been conducted on Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Transformational Leadership (TL), the relationship between EI and TL is yet to be identified. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between EI and TL skills among managers in manufacturing companies in Batu Pahat. In this research, a survey questionnaire was administered to fifty managers. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was employed to test the correlation among variables, including Perceiving Emotion, Facilitating Thought, Understanding Emotion, and Managing Emotion with TL skills. The outcome was that a positive relationship was found between EI and TL skills. This quantitative research is important in providing management with better information regarding the relationship between EI and TL skills among managers so that managers can learn and improve their functions .

This research study aims at examining technical efficiency and productivity changes of Mufindi Tea and Coffee Ltd (MTC) in Tanzania. The study employed Data envelopment analysis and Malmuquist total productivity index to examine efficiency and productivity changes respectively. The results show that MTC tea estates were technically inefficient, although the efficiency changes show some positive improvement. Most of the changes in total factor productivity were the results in improvement in scale efficiency while the inefficiencies observed in technical efficiency were contributed by operating at inappropriate scales among the estates. From the study findings, it is recommended that MTC should use advanced technologies in order to reduce operating costs and increase productivity and efficiency. The company is currently labor intensive in all activities, it is recommended that the company should invest in machines in activities which does not necessarily require labor in order to improve efficiency Introductio Tea is among key export products in different countries around the world contributing to the economic growth of the countries as well as well-being of individuals involved in each stage of the production process. The importance of Tea product is not only due to the fact that it has reliable market but also it involves many stakeholders from cultivation to processing hence increasing employment rate for the society nearby tea companies, increase income as well as contributing to infrastructure development in the area (Gupta & Dey 2010, Ganewatta, & Edwards, 2002). The fact that tea sector is labor intensive in most countries, it generates many employment opportunities from the stage of cultivation to the processing stage which in turn increases the income level in the societies hence contributing to poverty alleviation especially in developing countries. Tea cultivation and processing also contributes to economic growth as it is an export product which increase foreign exchange earnings, increase government revenues through taxes collected and also facilitate society's developments through social responsibility activities conducted by tea cultivation and manufacturing companies in different areas

Abstract: Recently the circular economy has increasingly received attention worldwide due to the recognition that the security of the supply of resources and environmental sustainability are crucial for the prosperity of all the countries and businesses. G20 countries are stimulating the development of frameworks that enhance the circular economy and generally more sustainable production and consumption modes. In this context, this paper aims to suggest an index to assess the sustainability and the circularity of manufacturing companies. With this tenet, a Sustainable Circular Index (SCI) is proposed based on a five-phase framework. This index could support managers in assessing their level of sustainability and circularity and in implementing some practices that could improve the performances of their companies regarding these two topics. This index represents an important benchmarking tool for manufacturing companies to assess their sustainable and circular behavior and represents a guideline for managers.

The lack of precise methodology to determine the capital structure mix on firm performance has generated a lot of mixed results. Empirical studies from emerging nations revealed a scarcity of empirical findings on the measures with a significant impact on firm performance. This paper examines capital structure measures on manufacturing firm's performance in Nigeria. Using annualized panel data for a sample of 15 quoted firms from diverse sectoral classifications from 1999-2018. Excluding the financial firms due to the uniqueness of their capital structure and the strict legal requirements for their financing choices. This study focus on non-financial firms. Capital structure measures book value and market value of the firm. Results indicate that performance proxy by ROE, and Tobin's Q, significantly influence SDTA, SIZE, LDTA, and TDTA while ROA negatively influences LDTA, D_E, and TDTA. Findings revealed a robust relationship between Tobin's Q and financial performance compared to other book value. Tobin's Q is a better measure of performance within the period under review. The study reveals that Nigerian firms are keenly financed by short-term debt supporting the Pecking Order Theory. It's vital to note that no single theory can sufficiently explain the capital structure effect on firm performance.

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that can increase stock prices. The factors that are analyzed and are thought to increase share prices are corporate social responsibility and financial performance. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, which in the first quarter and second quarter published financial reports during the Covid 19 pandemic.. There are about 83 companies that meet the requirements as a sample. The analysis method uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS. Based on the research results, it was found that corporate social responsibility has an effect on the company's financial performance as proxied by ROA. Corporate social responsibility affects stock prices. The company's financial performance has an effect on stock prices. Investors see the company's ability to allocate the cost of disclosing corporate social responsibility from the operating income. On the other hand, stakeholders see the role of the company in consistently disclosing corporate social responsibility so that it is proven to be a company's going concern. Companies that remain consistent in generating profits in the era of the Covid 19 Pandemic are considered to be sustainable so that investors are more interested in these companies and have an impact on increasing the company's share price. It can be concluded that the higher the company's financial performance, the higher the allocation in corporate social responsibility disclosures so that this signal is captured by investors as a good corporate activity and has a positive impact on stock prices

The significance of digital assistive technology in everyday life of people with disabilities has been continuously increasing during the last decade. An important example is that of the development of mobile apps which are suitably adapted for use by sensory-deprived people. We are involved in developing two such initiatives. The first offers interactive indoor navigation for blind and visually impaired persons, while the second offers deaf people a user-friendly environment for text depiction of the verbal speech, even when the articulation is defective, which is usually the case when the speaker is deaf. Despite the possible benefits of these apps, this does not necessarily signify automatic acceptance. This study aims to examine factors that may inhibit take up, in order to obviate these as much as possible. Factors contributing to the acceptance of technology may be complex, such as ‘perceived usefulness’, ‘self-efficacy’ and ‘social influence’. An exploratory study of this iss...

This paper presents the results of the primary research regarding management relations towards accounting information that is used in the business decision making process applied in manufacturing companies of the Tuzla Canton (here on: “TC”). The research commences from the fact that the interaction between accounting function organization quality and business decision making is important, because it has direct effect on applied practice when managing operating performances of a company. Taking into consideration management relations towards accounting information in the decision making process, dysfunctional areas within accounting function organization segments are identified. This opens up possibilities to affect modernization of the performance management through the process of redesign of those dysfunctional areas. According to our knowledge, similar research has not been conducted on the area of B&H manufacturing companies' operations.

In Africa, the transparency quality of financial disclosures appears to rank below expectations after several years of adopting IFRS. Some scholars advocate for the deployment of multi investigative models as a complement during Financial Statements audit to help secure reasonable transparency in IFRS financial reporting. As a result, this study intends to ascertain the effectiveness of Benford’s Law in evaluating the faithful representation quality of IFRS financial disclosures of public listed companies. It also intends to determine whether Beneish Ratios are suitable complements in evaluating faithful representation quality of financial disclosures. Being casual comparative research, the 2009 - 2011 and 2012 - 2016 IFRS Annual Reports of 44 listed manufacturing companies in Ghana and Nigeria were evaluated. Analyses were executed using Benford's Law and Beneish Ratios (B & B Model), Chi-Square, Multiple Regression and Mann Whitney U test. Findings obtained showed that Benford...

During the recent years, there has been a growing interest in identifying the factors influencing debt financing within companies. Based on the materials found in companies part of the manufacturing sector, there are examined main factors that affect the degree of debt utilization within different corporations. Debt financing is mainly focused towards short-term liquidity needs. The manufacturing sector mostly needs debt financing in its starting phase of the business because of the technologies it has to incorporate and the modern equipments it needs to have to carry out the company's mission. Difficulties in finding sources of funding have been presented as a problem that accompanies Albanian companies. Since we already have consolidated businesses, funding sources are not only necessary in starting a business, they are also very important in the growth of an entity as well as in financing long-term projects or investments. It is very important to identify the main factors that affect the debt usage. Debt utilization rate is based on a thorough analysis in order to have more benefits from this way of financing than to pay more for the sources of funds. This paper will address the factors that influence the rate of usage of borrowed funds in Albanian companies which are part of the manufacturing sector. Factors influencing the choice of debt financing remain defined despite the various theoretical literatures. There are a number of general factors that have an impact on all entities regardless of the sector they belong to, then depending on the sector we have the most influential great and decisive ones.

The significance of digital assistive technology in everyday life of people with disabilities has been continuously increasing during the last decade. An important example is that of the development of mobile apps which are suitably adapted for use by sensory-deprived people. We are involved in developing two such initiatives. The first offers interactive indoor navigation for blind and visually impaired persons, while the second offers deaf people a user-friendly environment for text depiction of the verbal speech, even when the articulation is defective, which is usually the case when the speaker is deaf. Despite the possible benefits of these apps, this does not necessarily signify automatic acceptance. This study aims to examine factors that may inhibit take up, in order to obviate these as much as possible. Factors contributing to the acceptance of technology may be complex, such as ‘perceived usefulness’, ‘self-efficacy’ and ‘social influence’. An exploratory study of this iss...

This paper gives due consideration to determining the contribution made by SAS 99 towards improving the skills of Nigerian Auditors in the detection of fraud in Financial Statements of corporate organisations, while laying emphasis on the extent to which the Beneish Model could further strengthen Auditors likelihood to detecting such manipulations in the Financial Statements. The research was descriptively and historically designed. 100 respondents comprising Auditors, Accountants in the Industries and the Accounting Academics in Anambra and Enugu State were infinitely determined using the Topman’s formula. Data from secondary sources comprising Audited Annual Reports of the first five most capitalised manufacturing companies in Nigeria for the years 2002-2006 (in Cadbury, for model confirmatory test purpose) and 2006-2010 were used to complement this work. Inputs from the questionnaire distributed and the Annual Reports and Accounts, were analysed with the aid of SPSS software package using the Two way ANOVA statistical technique, and the Beneish Model. The analyses result showed that SAS 99 will significantly contributed to the deterrence and detection of fraud by Auditors in Nigeria, especially where complemented with the Beneish model. Thus, the Model should be introduced into the Nigeria Audit System as one of the prescribed analytical Audit techniques to aid External Auditors perform the relevant substantive tests where necessary so as to effectively curtail the rising incidence of fraud among corporate organisations in Nigeria.

This paper gives due consideration to determining the contribution made by SAS 99 towards improving the skills of Nigerian Auditors in the detection of fraud in Financial Statements of corporate organisations, while laying emphasis on the extent to which the Beneish Model could further strengthen Auditors likelihood to detecting such manipulations in the Financial Statements. The research was descriptively and historically designed. 100 respondents comprising Auditors, Accountants in the Industries and the Accounting Academics in Anambra and Enugu State were infinitely determined using the Topman’s formula. Data from secondary sources comprising Audited Annual Reports of the first five most capitalised manufacturing companies in Nigeria for the years 2002-2006 (in Cadbury, for model confirmatory test purpose) and 2006-2010 were used to complement this work. Inputs from the questionnaire distributed and the Annual Reports and Accounts, were analysed with the aid of SPSS software package using the Two way ANOVA statistical technique, and the Beneish Model. The analyses result showed that SAS 99 will significantly contributed to the deterrence and detection of fraud by Auditors in Nigeria, especially where complemented with the Beneish model. Thus, the Model should be introduced into the Nigeria Audit System as one of the prescribed analytical Audit techniques to aid External Auditors perform the relevant substantive tests where necessary so as to effectively curtail the rising incidence of fraud among corporate organisations in Nigeria.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in a turbulent and fast-moving environment introduce innovative solutions, including new ICT, in order to survive or achieve a better market position. A number of studies show that the quality of ICT infrastructure and Information Systems supporting business processes has significantly improved in recent years in the case of manufacturing SMEs. The cloud computing model with a new subscription payment system creates new opportunities for collaboration and tends to increase productivity, which is one of the main factors behind its extensive proliferation. Our research continues studies in the area of cloud computing adoption seen from an organisational perspective. The aim of the paper is to analyse the benefits of using cloud computing solutions by small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Poland. The implementation of this objective required, on the one hand, a review of the literature and previous studies on the application of the cloud computing model in SMEs, and, on the other hand, conducting our own research among this group of enterprises. Quantitative research was carried out using a survey questionnaire from December 2017 to February 2018, with the use of the CATI technique, among 277 small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Poland. The analysis of the obtained research results shows that SMEs see the benefits of using cloud computing solutions and perceive these solutions in terms of processes supporting business management. These entities most often use less advanced cloud solutions, i.e., email services, data collection and storage and instant messaging systems, that facilitate communication with the environment, improve the flow of information and documents and support production processes.