Luristan

The name "Luristan standards" refers to a very large and enigmatic group of bronze objects (with an obvious symbolic i.e. cultic character) that date back to the Late Bronze and Iron Ages. They were found in the region of Luristan in western Iran, from where, in the last century, they would reach almost all major world museums and private collections.

Several historical, phonological, linguistic, genetic, archaeological and mythological evidences show that there were strong cultural relations between the people who lived in the west of Iran and north of Europe from about the 3rd millennium BC, so the proto-Germanic culture probably originated in the west of Iran and from about the 1st millennium BC there were migrations from this region to north of Italy, especially Tuscany, where we see strong genetic and phonological similarities and from this land and through the Hallstatt culture, Germanic culture was spread into the north of Europe.

Ülkemiz araştırmacıları, Hünkâr Hacı Bektâş-ı Veli’nin Horasan-Nişabur’dan Anadolu’ya seyahati sırasında uğradığı Aslanlı Sahra’dan, orada taşa çevirdiği aslanlardan genellikle uzak durmuşlardır. Bu araştırma yazımız, bölgeye yapılan iki keşif gezisini de kapsamaktadır. Luristan bölgesindeki aslan mezar taşlarının oluşumu ve tarihi incelenmiştir. Oryantalistlerin sürekli ilgi alanında bulunan bölge, kültürel tarihimizin bir parçasıdır.
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Turkish researches usually standed clear from the subjects like lions area where Hünkâr Hacı Bektâş-ı Veli run across during its journey from Horasan-Nişabur city of Iran to Anatolia, legend about lions that he gorgonized. This research writing of ours includes two exploration journeys to the area. Formation and history of the lion tomb Stones, located in Luristan region, are examined. The area which is a field of
interest of orientalists is a part of our cultural history.

Со називот „луристански стандарди“ се означува една мошне голема и загадочна група бронзени предмети (со очевиден симболички т.е. култен карактер) кои потекнуваат од доцното бронзено и од железното време. Пронајдени се во областа Луристан во западниот дел на денешен Иран од каде, во минатиот век, ќе доспеат во речиси сите позначајни светски музеи и приватни колекции.

This is a Persian article which has been published in Iran, it firstly talks about different evidences which show that Indo-Europeans, specifically proto-Germanic people, lived in Iran from about the 4th millennium BC, then about ancient inscriptions which have been found in Iran and are believed to be from the 3rd and 2nd millennium BC, it proves at least Susa inscriptions of Puzur Inshushinak are in proto-Germanic or Old Gothic language.

The paper gathers the information on the human consumption of acorns as a foodstuff in Iran from antiquity to the 1970s. Acorns were a widely available, edible natural resource but required treatment in order to render them palatable and digestible. Acorn consumption was generally triggered by poor harvests and ensuing famines and mainly practiced by nomadic groups.

A series of distinctive squat bronze vessels best-known under the pseudonym “inkwell” have made well-noted appearances in Iron Age III burials in Luristan and are becoming increasingly familiar from Neo-Elamite funerary contexts. The present work brings together all of the published “inkwells” recovered during archaeological excavations in Iran, as well as a small number from Mesopotamia and far beyond in the Aegean, and arranges them into a new typology based on variations observed in the details of their form. The possible function of each “inkwell” type and the role it may have played in its funerary context is then considered, followed by some suggestions as to the broader significance of the corpus.

The Archäologisches Museum Frankfurt owns an extensive, as yet largely unstudied collection of old Iranian art, which is of particular scientific and historical value for the archaeology of the ancient Near East, as well as for the study of the history of recent German collections. The role of the diplomant and resistance fighter Graf von der Schulenburg, collector of the Frankfurt objects, forms an important aspect of the history of German collections. It furthermore serves to illustrate the close links between archaeology and recent German history.
The current Frankfurt Collection includes pottery, bronzes, precious metal objects and various types of jewellery, covering a timeframe of more than 3.000 years from the 3rd millenium BC until the 1st millennium AD.

人、兽结合的纹饰或造形屡见于商后期和西周早期的青铜器上，本文试分析与此纹饰或造型相关的青铜器的年代和地域分布，并据此提出此纹饰有可能形成和沿用于淮河流域至长江中游地区并于殷墟文化二期以前北传的发展脉络。该类纹饰其后在殷墟文化区域得到改造和融合，继而被西周初期的工匠吸收并於车器和兵器上进一步发展。本文运用器型分析和纹饰图像分析方法，提出从殷墟商文化期间至西周初约三百年间，各地青铜文化对相关纹饰似存在不同的演绎方式，而位于淮河流域以南区域所发展的青铜文化在铸造工艺、艺术创作和宗教思想传播方面有着不可忽视的角色。

Life in Luristan, and the Luris of Middle Zagros, the Mountains that separate Iraq and Iran
ΑΝΑΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΥΣΗ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΣΗΜΕΡΑ ΑΝΕΝΕΡΓΟ ΜΠΛΟΓΚ “ΟΙ ΡΩΜΙΟΙ ΤΗΣ ΑΝΑΤΟΛΗΣ”
Το κείμενο του κ. Νίκου Μπαϋρακτάρη είχε αρχικά δημοσιευθεί την 26 Αυγούστου 2019.
Αναπαράγοντας στοιχεία από ομιλία μου στο Καζακστάν τον Ιανουάριο του 2019, ο κ. Μπαϋρακτάρης αποδεικνύει με το εκλαϊκευτικό κείμενό του αυτό ότι, αρκεί να παρουσιάσει αντικειμενικά και συστηματικά κάποιος τους κατά τόπους λαούς και έθνη του Ζάγρου, του Αντιταύρου, της βόρειας Μεσοποταμίας και της ανατολικής Ανατολίας (Doğu Anadolu), για να αποδείξει αυτόματα ότι δεν υπάρχουν "Κούρδοι" αλλά πολλά και μεταξύ τους πολύ διαφορετικά έθνη, τα οποία παρουσιάζονται διεθνώς ως δήθεν ένα - μόνον από τους άθλιους πολιτικούς και ακαδημαϊκούς γκάνγκστερς των αποικιοκρατικών χωρών (Γαλλία, Αγγλία, ΗΠΑ, Καναδάς, Αυστραλία, Ολλανδία, Ισραήλ) και τα κατά τόπους όργανά τους, με σκοπό την δημιουργία ενός ψευδοκράτους μέσα στο οποίο τα διαφορετικά μεταξύ τους αυτά έθνη θα σφάζονται εσαεί και μάλιστα χειρότερα από οπουδήποτε αλλού. 
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First republished on 3rd November 2021 here:
https://shamsaddinmegalommatis.tumblr.com/post/666851972476993536/η-ζωή-στο-λορεστάν-και-οι-λορί-του-μέσου-ζάγρου

Speaking about 'nations', we are at the level of - social organization that reflects the faith and the world conception, - faith that stipulates the details of the daily life, and - supreme rule and administrative function of the state (the use of the word 'politics' is very wrong in this regard). Throughout History, there were many societies and many states whereby there were no 'nations' - either we mean the ancient connotations or we use the modern meanings of the word.

These were the empires; imperial rule evokes universalism, which is the true and yet unknown opponent to today's degradation and to the so-called 'globalism', which is a fake term and an evil concept totally unsubstantiated and absolutely lethal for the entire Mankind.

The great universal(ist) empires started with the early Semites and Sargon of Akkad. Egypt evidently acquired a certain degree of universalism only at the times of the New Empire, so in the 2nd half of the 2nd millennium BCE - almost 1000 years after Sargon of Akkad.
Comments exchanged around the video:

There is no Kurdish Nation - Unmasking an Orientalist Fabrication able only to generate Conflicts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKJh-6bdGFk

The possibility that the Chale-Gar caves with their votive
offerings are related to a rain-making cult is explored by
comparison with Islamic traditions. The site is further compared
with Iron Age sites in Lorestan, in particular with
the Sangtarasan finds, the Kalmakarreh cave and the
Sorkh- dom-e Lorı shrine. It is suggested that the finds at
Sangtarasan and Kalmakarreh are favissae. This custom is
well documented at Sorkh-dom-e Lorı. Although there are
strong indications that some of the finds at Cale Gar are
favissa deposits (groups of relocated votives covered up
with stones), the caves must have been a cult place that
was also used for individual offerings.

A peculiar painted pottery group, which was called Kite Ware, is known to have existed in Luristan. The excavation at Baba Jan by Clare Goff made it clear that the pottery group was dated about ninth - seventh century B.C., and she named them Baba Jan III Painted Ware. The purpose of this study is to investigate the regionality of Baba Jan III Painted Ware in the western part of Iran and to shed some light on the material cultures of the Iron Age in Luristan. Decorated designs of Baba Jan III Ware have been termed the "kite design" after their rhomb-shape designs. The most important point in this paper is the recognition that a rhomb and two triangles form two bow-tie-shaped designs. The kite design can also be considered an arrangement of bow-tie-shaped designs transversely. The bow-tie design is divided into ten patterns, the oldest pattern being the vertical bow-tie design (Pattern x) from around the Giyan II period (c. 1500-1200 B.C.). The bow-tie design is simplified from the early Baba Jan III phase to the late Baba Jan III phase. In the western part of the Iranian plateau and the Zagros Mountains, Gray Ware and beak-shaped spouted pottery began to be produced in about 1400 B.C. The new decoration style that came from outside of Luristan caused some important changes in the Luristan Iron Age culture. Yet the bow-tie design of Baba Jan III Painted Ware was an indigenous design in Luristan and lasted in the face of their new material cultures. The long tradition of the bow-tie designs suggests that the indigenous pottery culture survived despite repeated invasions by various ethnic groups into Luristan.