Infantry

This thesis proposes an analysis of the infantry reinforcement NCOs training during the Second World War in order to expose the creation and administration of the training organization as well as the nature of this training. In order to maintain the combat effectiveness of its units and formations on the Northwest European theater from June 1944 to May 1945, the First Canadian Army had to provide units with infantry reinforcements corporals able to face the battlefield challenges. Because of the importance of their task on the modern battlefield, these men were the backbone of the Canadian infantry battalions military effectiveness. The study of the policy and developments at the origin of this massive training organization shows that the system deficiencies still evident at the beginning of the Normandy campaign were largely due to the Canadian high command's lack of concern. This condition delayed the adoption of essential measures for the dissemination of a standard training in line with the developments of the modern battlefield until autumn 1944.
Despite Canada's involvement alongside Britain from 1914 to 1918, the policies adopted in the inter-war period by senior Canadian military leaders hampered the development of regular force's military expertise and more severely limited the attention paid to the militia preparation. The lack of a competent instructional staff at the outbreak of the Second World War hindered the development of a realistic training. The massive growth launched following the dramatic strategic change in 1940 only made worse the material and human resources deficiencies in addition to diverted the Canadian General Staff focus away from the NCOs infantry reinforcement organization. Nevertheless, the introduction of new training methods in the NCOs reinforcement organization in 1942 were a significant progress in the knowledge imparted to new corporals for their survival on the battlefield. However, their implementation were delayed by the difficult collaboration between the various headquarters and the diversity of approaches to disseminate the infantry tactical doctrine until 1944. The NCOs reinforcements revised training policy and organizational structure in the United Kingdom adopted early in 1944 and the introduction of the lessons learned at the front, especially after the start of operations in Northwest Europe, gradually ensured the arrival of more qualified candidates in field units. Finally, the measures adopted following the major infantry shortages at the end of August 1944 met an undeniable success and guaranteed the continuation of the campaign until its final conclusion. The implementation of a truly effective liaison between the different headquarters in charge of the infantry reinforcement training and the obvious interest of the First Canadian Army General Staff formed the vital elements for the arrival of well-trained NCOs in the Canadian battalions for the rest of the duration of the campaign. In the end, the analysis of the reinforcements training organization brings a new perspective on the reinforcement crisis and the need to resort to conscription in the fall of 1944.

Cette thèse propose une analyse de la formation des sous-officiers de renfort d’infanterie au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans le but d’exposer la création et l’administration de l’organisation d’instruction de ces hommes en plus d’étudier la nature de l’enseignement donné. Afin de maintenir l’efficacité au combat de ses unités et formations sur le théâtre opérationnel du nord-ouest de l’Europe à partir de juin 1944, la Première Armée canadienne devait fournir des caporaux de renforts d’infanterie aptes à faire face aux défis du champ de bataille. En raison de l’importance de leur tâche sur le champ de bataille moderne, ces hommes constituent véritablement l’épine dorsale de l’efficacité militaire des bataillons d’infanterie canadiens. L’analyse des politiques et des développements à l’origine de la filière d’instruction de masse pour des renforts d’infanterie montre que les déficiences du système encore présentes au début de la campagne de Normandie étaient dues en grande partie à la négligence du haut commandement militaire canadien. Cette condition retarda l’adoption de mesures essentielles à la dissémination d’un enseignement uniforme et en concordance avec les développements du champ de bataille moderne jusqu’à l’automne 1944.
Malgré l’implication canadienne au côté de la Grande-Bretagne de 1914 à 1918, les politiques adoptées dans l’entre-deux-guerres par les hauts dirigeants militaires canadiens gênèrent le développement de l’expertise militaire des membres de la force régulière en plus de limiter considérablement l’attention accordée à la préparation de la milice. L’absence d’un cadre d’instruction compétent au moment du déclenchement de la Seconde Guerre mondiale entrava la mise sur pied d’une formation réaliste. L’expansion massive entreprise à la suite du changement dramatique du contexte stratégique en 1940 ne fit qu’aggraver la carence en ressources matérielles et humaines en plus de détourner l’attention des généraux canadiens de l’organisation de la filière d’instruction des sous-officiers de renfort d’infanterie. Malgré tout, l’introduction de nouvelles méthodes d’instruction et d’entraînement dans l’organisation destinées aux sous-officiers de renfort à partir de 1942 constitua un progrès sensible dans le savoir communiqué aux nouveaux caporaux pour leur survie sur le champ de bataille. Cependant, sa mise en œuvre fut retardée par la collaboration difficile entre les différents quartiers généraux et par la diversité des approches adoptées pour disséminer une doctrine d’infanterie jusqu’en 1944. La révision de la politique d’instruction des sous-officiers de renfort et de sa structure d’organisation au Royaume-Uni au début de l’année 1944 eut progressivement pour effet de garantir l’envoi de candidats de qualité aux unités au front tout comme l’introduction des leçons tirées de l’expérience au front, plus particulièrement après le déclenchement des opérations en Europe du Nord-Ouest. Enfin, les mesures adoptées à la suite des importantes pénuries de fantassins connurent un succès indéniable pour la poursuite de la campagne. La mise en œuvre d’une coordination véritablement efficace entre les quartiers généraux responsables de la formation et l’intérêt manifeste de l’état-major de la Première Armée canadienne à partir du mois d’août 1944 pour la formation de ses renforts d’infanterie constituèrent les éléments indispensables à l’arrivée de sous-officiers de qualité au sein des bataillons canadiens pour le reste de la durée de la campagne. Au final, l’analyse de l’organisation d’instruction des renforts apporte une nouvelle perspective sur la crise des effectifs de renfort et sur la nécessité du recours à la conscription à l’automne 1944.

The book describes the armed forces of Peter the Great in its entirety, and covers in depth old Russian troops and irregulars, as well as Peter’s new standing army (guards, infantry, dragoons, elite units and artillery) and his brand-new force(the navy, with sailing ships and galleys, and marines). Besides the staffing, organization and development of troops, the book gives detailed account of uniforms, weapons and other materiel (both conventional and unusual). Training is described using drill manuals and tactical instructions of the period, and fighting methods actually performed on the battlefield are described - based on first-hand accounts and period observations from Russian, Swedish and impartial sources. Pitched battles that often predominate in descriptions of early-18th century warfare are given their due in the book; however, linear tactics on the field were not the only - nor even the main - type of actions during the Great Northern War, so the author goes into details of the sieges, small war actions and riverine, lake and naval combats.

The author brings up materials that were unavailable to English-speaking readers and scholars so far, and the book not only contains the author’s own research, but is also based on the most recent works of other Russian scholars who specialize in various aspects of the Petrine military history; this makes the book a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of Peter the Great’s military force during the Great Northern War (1700-1721). The book is supplemented with numerous contemporary prints and paintings, photos of artefacts and recreated uniform kits, as well as specially-commissioned artwork that has been created by an artist who is knowledgeable in details from that period.

: This report is an outgrowth of questions raised in the fall of 1980 and spring of 1981 about the conduct of air operations in the war between Iran and Iraq. Unlike previous Middle Eastern wars, this one had continued over a protracted period while we in the United States and in the US Air Force had been able to observe it only from a distance. As the war haltingly progressed, we began to have a fair picture of what was going on in the air war, through our information was far from complete or detailed. The sketchy picture that emerged, however, seemed to indicate the combatants were using their airpower assets in ways contrary to our expectations. Most notably, it seemed that both sides seemed content not to use their airpower and relied instead on ground forces for most combat operations. This report examines the air war between Iran and Iraq, but rather than attempt simply to lay out what happened in the war it attempts to discern why Iran and Iraq used their airpower as they did...

RESUMO
Os Regimentos são os mais antigos corpos militares de Portugal, organizados no início do século XVIII e descendentes dos Terços que tão brilhantemente garantiram a independência de Portugal na guerra que se manteve após a Restauração de 1640. Este livro é um registo do passado e do presente do Regimento de Infantaria Nº14. Mas, dado que este Regimento se encontra sedeado na região da Beira Alta desde 1842, é igualmente um repositório das tradições da Infantaria das Beiras, uma homenagem a todos os Infantes de Viriato que defenderam, combateram e morreram por Portugal, ao longo de séculos, e como continuam, hoje, a levantar bem alto o nome da Beira, de Portugal e do seu Exército, nas sete partidas do Mundo. O historial do Regimento de Infantaria Nº14 regista um longo percurso, partindo de Portugal para os destinos mais longínquos: Espanha, França, Angola, Moçambique, Guiné Bissau, Índia Portuguesa, Bósnia, Timor-Leste, Kosovo, Iraque, Afeganistão e Líbano. Com o seu modo de actuação, adequado às diversas épocas e locais, este Regimento mostrou-se sempre digno de ser um exemplo a seguir na sua lealdade e combatividade. O registo de actos heróicos, que são perpetuados na presente obra, permite percorrer mais de dois séculos de história, homenageando a memória e as tradições de unidades que combateram com elevado destaque durante a Guerra Peninsular, nas Batalhas do Buçaco e de Albuera, entre tantas outras, e que se destacaram de forma notável na Batalha de Vitória; participaram nas campanhas coloniais do fim do século XIX e princípio do século XX; combateram contra a Alemanha em Angola, Moçambique e Flandres, em 1914-1918; prepararam milhares de combatentes e mobilizaram unidades para os teatros da Guiné, Moçambique e Angola, entre 1961 e 1974. É a história de um Regimento “cuja fama ninguém virá que dome”.

Índice do Livro:
– Mensagens:
  * Comandante do Regimento;
  * Vice-Chefe do Estado Maior do Exército e Director Honorário da Arma de Infantaria;
  * Presidente da Câmara Municipal de Viseu;
  * Governador Civil de Viseu;
– História do RI 14:
  * Antecedentes; Guerra Peninsular (1801-1814);
  * Da Monarquia Liberal à Implantação da República (115-1910);
  * Da Implantação da República à I Guerra Mundial (1910-1914);
  * I Guerra Mundial (1914-1918);
  * Entre Guerras (1919-1938);
  * II Guerra Mundial (139-1945);
  * Anos 50;
  * Guerra do Ultramar (1961-1974);
  * 25 de Abril de 1974;
  * De 1977 a 2009;
  * Forças Nacionais Destacadas.
– Actividade Contemporânea
– Herança de Património Histórico e Unidades Antecessoras com ligação ao RI 14
– Estandartes, Guiões e Brasões de Armas
– Personalidades do RI 14
– O 14 de Infantaria e os seus Quartéis Permanentes
– O RI 14 na Toponímia Viseense
– Corpo de Oficiais e de Sargentos do RI 14 em 2009

Recensão crítica em : http://www.operacional.pt/o-14-de-infantaria/

The battle of Nowogród, which took place on 7-10 September 1939, was one of the most complex fights during the Invasion of Poland. This is not only because of the intensity of the struggles, but mainly thanks to the impressive variety of fortificiation objects, used by the defenders and weapon systems used by Germans to overcome it. The strongpoint, created in and near Nowogród in the summer of 1939 was one of the biggest, constructed in Poland in the eve of war and manned by a reinforced battalion with some fortress troops. Germans, surprised with the presence of such an obstacle, pushed a wide variety of weapon systems, just to mention the most „spectacular” - famous 8,8 cm FlaK 18 anti-aircraft cannons, 10,5 cm light howitzers and flamethrowers.

The goal of this paper is to focus on the last part of the battle, which occured on 10th September. On that day the overwhelmed defenders were reinforced by the arrival of 42. Infantry Regiment, that came in the morning from south-west. The actions of that unit are often presented only as a counterattack, undertaken in the afternoon when the battle was already lost. This is a simplification, as the first battalion of the 42. IR was sent immediately in the morning to supplement the cracking defence lines. The other two created an additional defence line to stop any occured German breakthrough.

Pakistan Army Infantry Battalion performance in 1965 war-Volume 1- 1st Punjab to 14th Punjab - A brief primer
• June 2022
• DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11848.60161
• Project:
• MILITARY HISTORY
• Agha H Amin

Major Agha.H.Amin was commissioned in the old PAVO Cavalry in March 1983.

Self-loading rifles were first issued in military service in 1896 and remain the primary infantry weapon for all modern military forces. They are durable weapons, with examples produced in the 1930s and 1940s still documented in modern conflict zones. Recent research suggests that some 175 million self-loading service rifles have been produced to date. This figure does not include civilian-owned rifles and is very likely an underestimate.

A new Working Paper by N.R. Jenzen-Jones, released today by the Small Arms Survey, traces the history and development of the modern self-loading service rifle. It describes their development from early and unreliable designs to the first iterations of modern self-loading rifles in Second World War, and later rifle types with a prominence that endures to this day. The Paper follows the development of current self-loading rifles and discusses so-called ‘modular’ designs which have affected what a self-loading service rifle is and is meant to do.

Using a variety of data sources, the Working Paper attempts to estimate the numbers of self-loading service rifles that have been produced to date, including the types of weapons and countries of production. The Paper notes that, despite the continuous development and widespread adoption of self-loading service rifles, just four ‘families’ of rifles represent nearly 60 per cent of all weapons produced: FAL types (about 5.5 million), G3 types (about 8 million), AR-10 and AR-15 types (about 13 million), and AK-type rifles (about 76 million; some 40 per cent of all self-loading service rifles produced to date).

As the Working Paper notes, it is hard to reliably estimate how many of these weapons are in circulation. The trend towards modular design, the modernization of existing rifles, as well as the increasing popularity of these rifle types in the civilian market all contribute to this difficulty. Understanding how best to classify and count these weapons, including self-loading rifles, is critical in countering the illicit proliferation of self-loading rifles.

This is a final draft - but lacking most images - of an edition of the diary and letters of a young volunteer soldier from Yorkshire who died in France in October 1916, Ernest Goodridge of Bentley. It is introduced by a substantial biography, and supporting materials including extracts from the diary of his battalion, the 18th / 23rd battalion of the King's Royal Rifles, numerous family and personal papers, and a 250-strong biographical index. It has been edited by Professor John Goodridge and the late Revd Ernest Goodridge, the soldier's great-nephew and nephew.

Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Gran Capitán de los ejércitos españoles, destacó por mantener la fidelidad a la misión, por la aplicación deliberada de la violencia a gran escala como resorte para mover voluntades propias o del enemigo. Impuso en Europa la forma de guerrear característica en Granada, de ardides, escaramuzas y emboscadas.
Procuró que los combatientes armados de distinta manera  se complementaran en sus capacidades, formando  agrupamientos tácticos, base de los Tercios, dominadores de los campos de batalla europeosdurante siglo y medio.
Sus enseñanzas sobre el aprovechamiento del terreno pasaron a convertirse en algo básico de la praxis militar; llevó a Italia la sorpresa para multiplicar la eficacia de sus fuerzas, y con ello devolvió a la guerra europea uno de sus principios fundamentales, mereciendo por ello un puesto entre los grandes jefes militares de la Historia.

Some historians have called the Korea War "the forgotten war." Chipyong-ni -- called the Gettysburg of the Korean War by some historians -- was only one battle in a long and bloody war. More battles would be fought before the guns finally went silent on the turbulent Korean peninsula. The heritage of the courage of the soldiers who fought these battles, in the restricted, mountainous terrain of Korea, is an inspiration to the tankers, infantrymen, artillerymen and others who still guard freedom's frontier along the tenuous demilitarized zone today. To anyone who admires courage and skill in battle, the legacy of Chipyong-ni is not forgotten.

RESUMO
No início de 1809, com a nomeação de William Carr Beresford para Comandante em Chefe, inicia-se uma nova fase da reorganização do Exército Português, orientada por D. Miguel Pereira Forjaz. Alguns jovens oficiais britânicos voluntários vão guarnecer uma pequena, mas significativa, parte da estrutura de comando dos regimentos portugueses ao longo das campanhas da Guerra Peninsular, da Libertação do Porto (12 de Maio de 1809) à Batalha de Toulouse (10 de Abril de 1814).
Entre 1809 e 1814, mais de 300 oficiais britânicos prestaram serviço no Exército Português. Jovens, experientes na arte da guerra, veteranos de campanhas do Exército Inglês, trouxeram o seu saber para a formação, instrução, treino, disciplina e liderança das unidades de combate do Exército Português.
James Ward Oliver, Capitão do 4th Foot Regiment (King’s Own), esteve ao serviço no Exército Português, como tenente-coronel, de Abril 1809 a Junho 1811, data da sua morte por ferimentos sofridos em combate ao comando do Regimento de Infantaria de Linha nº14. Esteve presente na libertação do Porto (1809), nas batalhas do Buçaco (1810) e Albuera (1811), nas Linhas de torres Vedras (1810) e nos 1º e 2º Sítio de Badajoz (1811).

ABSTRACT
In early 1809, with the appointment of William Carr Beresford to Commander in Chief, begins a new phase of the reorganization of the Portuguese Army, overseen by D. Miguel Pereira Forjaz. Throughout the campaigns of the Peninsular War, from the Liberation of Oporto (12 May 1809) to the Battle of Toulouse (10 April 1814), a number of young British officer volunteers would comprise a small but significant element within the command structure of Portuguese regiments.
Between 1809 and 1814, more than 300 British officers served in the Portuguese Army. Young veterans of many campaigns, who were experienced in the art of war, brought their knowledge and experience to bear in the education, training, discipline and leadership of the combat units of the Portuguese Army.
Oliver James Ward, a captain of the 4th Regiment of Foot (King’s Own), served in the Portuguese Army, as lieutenant colonel from April 1809 to June 1811, when he died from injuries sustained in combat at the head of the 14th Line Infantry Regiment.  His service record included the liberation of Oporto (1809), the battles of Buçaco (1810) and Albuera (1811), the Lines of Torres Vedras (1810) and the 1st and 2nd Sieges of Badajoz (1811).

On 21 March 1918, the Kaiserschlacht began, the long-awaited German offensive on the Western Front. The British considered, at first, that they were well prepared and that their troops would resist strongly, so that any gains made by Ludendorff’s forces were bound to be slow and costly. But, two weeks later, the Germans had advanced 38 kilometres, inflicted a quarter of a million casualties, and were on the cusp of rupturing the entire Western Front. Nor was this an isolated aberration. In four subsequent offensives, the Germans repeated the feat, leaving the British and French reeling, the war seemingly almost won. Something dramatic had changed: the Stosstruppen had entered the scene.

Infantry tactics have remained almost unchanged since the end of the First World War.  Current British infantry tactics were formulated in the early 1920s to incorporate the lessons ofat conflict.  The only major change since then has been the demise of the section machinegun and the consequent introduction of the fireteam.  Organisation and tactics at platoon and company levels have remained almost unchanged in form since then. The period since the early 1920s is the longest period since the invention of gunpowder in which infantry tactics have remained virtually unchanged.  This is despite significant advances in many fields, not least weapons technology. Technical and doctrinal changes during that period have been significant. It is unlikely that infantry tactics are now optimised for the requirements made of them, or the weapons and equipment now available.

During the North-West Europe Campaign, the fighting efficiency of the Canadian Army had been severely tested. The infantry, the dominant arm in the conflict, suffered 70% of all casualties as it accounts for less than 15% of the total number of the Canadian forces in Normandy. These brutal conditions affected the organization of reinforcements as it shambled to provide a constant number of trained infantrymen for fighting. As a result, Canadian units ended up continuously under-staffed. Therefore, the training of infantry reinforcements was a key factor of the military effectiveness of the fighting units. However, it is generally considered that the combat capability of Canadian infantry reinforcements during World War II was less than satisfactory due to their inadequate training. Using a case study and new sources, the article calls into question this idea.

The substance of examples provides military aspects to help give a dimension to garrison conditions in North Africa during the years of the First World War. The country is that of Kasbahs and Sahara, a land surrounded by an exotic atmosphere, identified as the place that served as a reserve of bravery. It concerns the difficult psychological aspect in general, understandable and readable through the family correspondence of Corporal Dubreucq subjected to a particular attraction created in an environment offering the maximum of opportunities.

Dans cette étude prosopographique, je me propose de présenter un certain nombre de personnalités françaises ayant contribué au débat sur la motorisation et la mécanisation des armées. Leur action a connu parfois un rayonnement à l'échelle européenne. Dans le sillage des pionniers de la Grande Guerre, une pléiade d'officiers s'efforce de penser l'adaptation de l'outil militaire - personnels et armements - issu de la période de conflagration, dont aucune institution ne sort inchangée. En exploitant les dossiers individuels des officiers conservés au SHD Vincennes, je m'efforcerai de mettre en parallèle articles publiés dans des revues et appréciations de la hiérarchie, croisant littérature ouverte et archives. Dans les parcours de chacun de ces hommes, il sera peut-être possible d'estimer le moment d'entrée en contact avec cet engin alors contesté qu'est le char de combat. L'état-major prend le parti de le considérer comme une arme supplémentaire, subordonnée à l'infanterie, compatible avec les habitudes tactiques éprouvées. L'héritage du vainqueur de Verdun, incarné par le maréchal Pétain, a dans une certaine mesure tendance à freiner les innovations, du fait du vieillissement de cadres inamovibles, et du corsettement réglementaire auquel doit se plier tout officier qui souhaite publier sur les événements de la guerre mondiale. Cependant, des généraux relativement âgés mais clairvoyants, comme Buat et Maitrot, pressentent les nouvelles formes de combat induites par l'utilisation de machines sur le champ de bataille, alors que d'autres plus jeunes demeurent hermétiques aux courants novateurs, souvent associés à l'excentricité insulaire des Britanniques. J'essaierai de restituer la dynamique d'émergence et de diffusion des idées à travers les strates générationnelles. Peu de partisans de la modernisation prennent place parmi les rédacteurs des deux grands textes doctrinaux qui balisent la période étudiée, l'Instruction provisoire sur l'emploi tactique des grandes unités de 1921 et l'Instruction sur l'emploi tactique des grandes unités de 1936. Si comme l'assure la Revue Militaire française dans l'immédiat après-guerre,  les militaires français sont les plus qualifiés pour assumer la direction intellectuelle des diverses armées du monde, cette volonté se heurte à la réalité du terrain, européen ou colonial (la conflit du Rif, où les Français se trouvent malmenés par des adversaires d'un niveau de développement très inférieur en ce qui concerne l'art de la guerre), et surtout au manque de renouvellement conceptuel  et matériel. Cette étude sera l'occasion d'évoquer les servitudes et grandeurs du métier d'officier à une époque dominée par la rigueur budgétaire et une dévalorisation de l'armée. Ce sera l'occasion de mettre en valeur une galaxie de noms un peu oubliés du grand public qui ne retient que la figure de De Gaulle comme promoteur du char, allant à l'encontre d'une hiérarchie réputée sclérosée. Il s'agit de restituer la situation de l'époque dans toute sa complexité institutionnelle, technique et naturellement humaine.

A Infantaria Portuguesa nem sempre foi a rainha das Armas, nem existe como tal desde tempos imemoriais. Tem, no entanto, uma identidade bem vincada, construída fundamentalmente ao longo dos últimos dois séculos. O presente artigo pretende fornecer alguns contributos para a compreensão da sua construção identitária, apresentando, sobretudo, chaves de leitura sobre o passado.

Основная функция танка – это борьба с пехотой противника, поэтому танк должен иметь перед пехотой преимущество. Во время Первой и Второй мировой войны у танков было превосходство над пехотой, во второй половине ХХ века силы сторон уравнялись, а сейчас преимущество постепенно переходит к пехоте, вооруженной РПГ, ПРТК и БПЛА, из-за чего танки постепенно оказываются не нужными. Дана периодизация танковой истории.

Uno de los procesos de transformación social de los que no se ha sustraído la institucionalidad del Estado ha sido la posibilidad de integrar a la mujer en diferentes actividades. Actualmente, esto se considera como un factor de modernización organizacional, además de verse motivado por demandas sociales crecientes, en términos de igualdad de derechos, equidad de género y equiparación de estándares internacionales. En tal sentido, el presente artículo analiza la incorporación de las mujeres en el arma de Infantería del Ejército Nacional de Colombia. Para ello, realiza una descripción de tal incorporación en las Fuerzas Armadas de diferentes países y la compara posteriormente con la experiencia colombiana y, en especial, con la incorporación de la mujer en el arma mencionada, contemplando información en una línea de tiempo desde 1976 hasta 2021. Adicionalmente, se analizan los factores que han influido en esa transformación mediante el testimonio de las primeras mujeres que hoy en día hacen parte del arma de Infantería, con el fin de evidenciar tanto su capacidad para participar en todos los espacios de la institución como la que tiene el Ejército Nacional de Colombia para adaptarse e incluirlas dentro de sus filas.

Drones are one of the new threats to tactical units. The armed forces use them with various successes in operations. However, the smallest tactical unit such as rifle section is generally still unprepared to operate drones and perform counter measures. Drones have a wide range of capabilities and therefore can be used for both civilian and military purposes. Along with the development of drones, counter-drone systems have also been developed. Several small drones and counter-drone systems suitable for the use by one man are presented in the first part of the research results to show that there is more than one system that can be selected for operational use. This also shows that one soldier in rifle section is capable of operating a small drone and counter-drone systems. This research has aimed to survey the organizational structure and determine organizational capabilities to implement a drone and counter-drone operator duty in rifle section. For that purpose, the research team has...

Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) is a significant feature of the contemporary world and it is a particular challenge to the armed forces of many states which are involved is such conflict, or are likely to become so. This thesis is not concerned with how such difficult conflict situations arise. Rather it is concerned with how, from the point of view of the state, they may be contained and ultimately brought to a satisfactory resolution. The work is thus concerned with the practicalities of ending LIC. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to establish a framework of doctrinal and military principles applicable to the prevention and resolution of LIC. The principles of this thesis are based in numerous historical examples of LIC and six in depth case studies. These distilled principles are analysed in two central chapters, and are then applied in two latter defence force chapters so as to ensure there practicality and resilience. Numerous defence academics and military prac...

For the past 17 years the US Army has focussed on fighting counterinsurgency operations. With the growing threat looming in eastern Europe, the Army has shifted to high-intensity combat training to exercise rotational units against a near-peer opponent. The NTC is a cutting-edge CTC that has revolutionized how combat forces are trained and prepared for combat and is a model for what a CTC should be. Established in 1979, the NTC is the major training area for the United States military and is under the command of US Army Forces
Command (FORSCOM). The NTC provides over 1,000 square miles (2,600 km2) for maneuver and ranges, and is the ideal site to conduct high-intensity combat training that pit incoming Blue Forces — Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCTs) and Armored Brigade Combat Teams (ABCTs) — against “Red Force” or Opposing Forces (OPFOR) units in the most realistic live training available anywhere.

Narellan Military Camp occupies an important place in Narellan Military Heritage although in the overall picture of the Second World War the Camp was not of great military importance.  In the national story it does not appear in Gavin Long’s Official History of the Second World War and there are very few references to the camp were found in the various unit histories.Yet the story of local men and women are very important and they add to the colour of the area’s military history.

Marek Jedynak, Pomoc ludzi i struktur Oddziału V Łączności Armii Krajowej w przerzutach żołnierzy AK na Zachód (rekonesans badawczy na przykładzie 2 Dywizji Piechoty Legionów AK) [w:] Łączność konspiracyjna 1939–1945. Materiały z XXVII sesji naukowej w Toruniu 16–17 XI 2017 roku, red. Bogdan Chrzanowski, Toruń 2019, s. 91–102.

The Battle of Chipyong-ni in February 1951 was considered the Gettysburg of the Korean War and a decisive turning point in the conflict. This chapter in the anthology "The Wrath of Achilles Essays on Command in Battle" tells the story from the American perspective and provides insights into command, decision-making, and leadership.