FLD

Frontline demonstration (FLD) is an adaptive research on the improved varieties and technologies, which is demonstrated by the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) at selected farmers’ fields who will be the beneficiaries of the programme. Wheat is an important cereal crop of India fulfilling food as well as nutritional security of millions. The crop has been under cultivation in around 30 mha with annual production crossing 100 million tonnes in the recent past. Despite India being the second largest producer of wheat, there exists regional variation in production across states as well as agro-climatic zones. FLD on wheat has played a significant role in acreage expansion through variety percolation as well as yield enhancement. The FLD is a planned programme, executed and evaluated with the people, and they are taught and motivated to act. Under the programme, the extension workers act as a catalyst, a change agent who set up the learning situation (demonstration) for the farmers and use them for horizontal dissemination of technology through farmers’ day, print and electronic media. Farmers from the neighbouring villages are invited to interact with the FLD farmers. The programme not only aims at developing the individual but leadership qualities as well so that the users are also benefited. Finally, the findings/impact of the programme is given wide coverage through mass media. The present bulletin highlights operational guidelines of FLDs, analyse the decadal trends in FLDs allotted, conducted, varieties and technologies demonstrated at farmers’ field across India with the assistance of the cooperating centres, followed by yield gain state wise & zone wise through demonstrations against standard check varieties/technologies. In a span of ten years (2008-09 to 2017-18), it has been estimated that around 5668 FLDs have been conducted to popularise 10 most prominent wheat production technologies including improved varieties (bread, durum & dicoccum) covering an area of 5668 hectares and benefitting 13318 farmers. For conducting the programme successfully at different locations, 83 centres have cooperated from 5 wheat growing zones and the success rate has been estimated at 91.86 per cent. The immediate output of the programme is the realisation of incremental yield and it was found to be 26.68 per cent across all locations and technologies. Barring, Nagaland, Assam, Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, it was found that the realised yield levels through demonstrations was much higher than the decadal average national yield. Haryana registered the highest mean yield at farmer’s field (5180 kg/ha), followed by Punjab (5110 kg/ha) and Delhi (4880 kg/ha). The FLD programme has been instrumental in faster dissemination of recent varieties in remotest areas of the country. Among demonstrated varieties, the realised mean yield was highest for HD 3086 (49.43 q/ha) from around 421 demonstrations in north western plains zone. The highest number of demonstrations was for HD 2967 (1511) indicating the most popular and mega variety in the northern plain regions. Among technologies, 502 demonstrations have been conducted for bio-fertilizers, followed by zero tillage (341) and rotavator (81). Regression analysis indicated that the positive impact on yield gain exists due to the demonstration of resource conservation technologies as well as per cent of FLDs conducted. Clearly, the decadal (2008-09 to 2017-18) impact analysis on wheat FLDs at farmers’ field establish the fact that demonstrations carry the successful technologies from lab to land resulting in incremental yield and income security of farmers.

The progress report of the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Wheat and Barley presents the status of FLDs conducted during 2019-20 at farmers field, yield gain, costs & returns from improved technologies along with the associated socio-economic constraints in wheat and barley production.

Saat ini absensi perkuliahan di STMIK Handayani Makassar dilakukan secara konvensional, hal tersebut tentu kurang efektif karena terbukanya kesempatan untuk melakukan kecurangan absensi oleh mahasiswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah absensi mahasiswa berbasis face recognition yang dapat meminimalisirkan kecurangan mahasiswa saat absensi.Pengunaan metode PCA sebagai ekstraksi ciri citra dan metode FLD sebagai klasifikasi citra uji dan citra latih. Penelitian ini menggunakan OpenCV sebagai library dalam image processing, dalam pengembangan sistem yang digunakan yaitu UML (UnifiedModeling Language). Pembuatan aplikasi ini menggunakan bahasa C# (C Sharp) dan untuk penulisan script dan pembuatan layout menggunakan microsoft visual studio. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah absensi yang dapat mendeteksi dan mengenali wajah mahasiswa. Pengujian dilakukan berdasarkan sisi pengambilan wajah, jarak wajah terhadap kamera, waktu pendeteksian wajah dan tingkat pencahayaan...

Vegetable pea (Pisum sativum L) is an important and nutritive legume vegetable crop. Low productivity and poor returns from market due to non-adoption of improved varieties and recommended package of practices by vegetable pea growers of the district. Krishi Vigyan Kendra Deoria and Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kushinagar, ICAR–IIVR Varanasi, conducted front line demonstrations (FLDs) comprised use of improved variety, recommended spacing, balanced fertilizers application and plant protection measures. The result revealed that an average yield of demonstrated vegetable pea variety Kashi Udai was noticed 95.3 q/ha which was 22.79 % higher than the farmers existing practice yield i.e., 76.4 q/ha. Average Net return and BC ratio were recorded Rs. 157695.00 and 4.2:1 from demonstrations whereas Rs. 119065.00 and 3.6:1 from existing local practices of farmers. As a result, it may be concluded that the yield and net return increased considerably with improved variety of vegetable pea and recommended agro-practices.

Front line demonstrations (FLD) evolved by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research are conducted under the close supervision of scientists of the National Agriculture Research System, where in technologies are demonstrated for the first time by the scientists themselves before being fed in to the main extension system of the state machinery. Post-front line demonstration impact analysis on open sea cage culture of finfishes and lobsters, among Sidi tribes of Gujarat aimed at assessing the socio-personal, socio-psychological and socio-economic and behavioural characteristics of Sidis - a primitive tribal group who are the beneficiaries of the open sea cage culture programme of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) under the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) of the Government of India. Using multistage random sampling method, a sample of 135 Sidi tribals were selected from Veraval and Talala taluks in Junagadh District of Gujarat. The group consisted of 45 Sidis practising c...

Biofortification is considered to be a potential strategy for tackling malnutrition. Biofortification is an act of enhancing nutrition level in grains by diverse practices like intervening crop agronomy, conventional plant-breeding, and cutting-edge biotechnological options. It has gained utmost importance post targets set under the Sustainable development goals. Malnutrition takes different forms like undernourishment, overweighing and obese, and, dietary related diseases that are not contagious. Micronutrient deficiencies-shortfall from the norm for essential nutrients, such as zinc, iron, vitamin-A, vitamin-B12, and iodine-affects substantial population and biofortification is a probable answer to end malnutrition for being natural, economical, and profitable. It is a food-based approach and improves the nutrition levels significantly as evident from the past research. However, biofortification to be successful, it has to be adopted, upscaled, and utilized by the stakeholders con...