Baidu

This article examines the role that the CEOs of China’s tech giants (Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent [BAT]) play as advocates of China’s vision of mass innovation. It seeks, first, to understand what mass innovation is and the conditions for its success and then goes on to divine how the three individuals involved—Jack Ma (Alibaba), Robin Li (Baidu), Ma Huateng (Tencent)—combine the narrative of Silicon Valley individuated cyber-libertarianism and the collectivist socialism of China to convert the grassroots over to the gospel of mass innovation. In doing so, it traces the rise and beliefs of the trio but uses primarily Jack Ma’s and Alibaba’s growing prominence in Southeast Asia as a case in point of BAT’s influence outside of China.

In this article the authors analyse the reform of listing rules in China and the operating mechanism of the new Chinese Depositary Receipts (CDRs). Most technology giants in mainland China, such as Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, JD and NetEase have listed their shares on overseas stock markets such as Hong Kong and New York, in order to avoid China’s rigid and onerous listing rules concerning foreign ownership, variable interest entities, weighted voting rights and the strict profitability requirement. Recently, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has launched a pilot project to allow certain foreign-listed Chinese companies to issue CDRs which can be traded in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. Technically speaking, CDRs are not shares but they represent equity interests in foreign companies through an offshore custodian bank. Clearly, the popularisation of CDRs will benefit several parties. Chinese investors will be able to purchase interests in some of the top tech companies in the world. It will also lure international capital to the Chinese market and boost the valuation of issuing companies. The market scale of CDRs is estimated to be over $1 trillion, which will be a source of income for investment banks and international law firms.

Un mundo de cambio permite que una nueva variedad de capitalismo gane cada vez más poder e influencia. A través del desarrollo tecnológico, el capitalismo está influyendo cada vez más en la vida social, política, económica e individual sin que sus mecanismos hayan sido claramente identificados hasta ahora.

Esta brecha cierra el modelo de capitalismo conductista, que le da a la aproximación una estructura que debería permitir una discusión general.

Esta monografía consiste en publicaciones periodísticas y científicas anteriores y las complementa con partes de la discusión.



Esta es la traducción de la monografía:

"Erste Grundlagen des Verhaltenskapitalismus: Bestandsaufnahme einer neuen Spielart des Kapitalismus", de Andreas Herteux, publicado por Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3981900651, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3469587.





Otras traducciones:

"First Foundations of Behavioral Capitalism: A New Variety of Capitalism Gains Power and Influence", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3981900675, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3469568.

"Premiers fondements du capitalisme comportemental: Un inventaire d'une nouvelle variété de capitalisme", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 9783981900682, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3517802

"Le prime basi del capitalismo comportamentale: Inventario di una nuova varietà di capitalismo", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 9783948621025, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3517835

"Primeiras Fundações do Capitalismo Comportamental: Um inventário de uma nova varied-ade de capitalismo", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 9783948621018, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3517837

"Primeros fundamentos del capitalismo conductual - Un inventario de una nueva variedad de capitalismo", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 9783948621001, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3517839

"Первые основы Инвентаризация поведенческого капитализма капитализма капитализма: Инвентаризация нового разнообразия разнообразия капитализма", Andreas Herteux, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3517841

De eerste stichtingen van het gedragskapitalisme - Een inventaris van een nieuwe variëteit van het kapitalisme, Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3-948621-03-2, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3521230

Pierwsze fundamenty kapitalizmu behawioralnego - Inwentaryzacja nowej odmiany kapi-talizmu, Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN "978-3-948621-05-6 DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3521294






Otras fuentes que coinciden con las de Andreas Herteux:


"The Alternative Hegemony Model (AH Model): The "invisible hand" of nurture for the better", Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3-9819006-1-3, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.1894461

„Das Alternative Hegemonie Modell (AH-Modell): Die unsichtbare Hand der Erzie-hung zum Guten“, Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3-9819006-4-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1894403



Otros escritos de Andreas Herteux:

"Grundlagen der Weltenphilosohpie, Andreas Herteux", Erich von Werner Verlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3945509029.

„Identitätsorientierte Führung einer politischen Marke: In der Theorie und am prakti-schen Beispiel der Freien Demokratischen Partei (FDP)“, Andreas Herteux, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3639490480

Background:
Understanding public behavioral responses to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic and the accompanying infodemic is crucial to controlling the epidemic.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess real-time public awareness and behavioral responses to the COVID-19 epidemic across 12 selected countries.

Methods:
Internet surveillance was used to collect real-time data from the general public to assess public awareness and rumors (China: Baidu; worldwide: Google Trends) and behavior responses (China: Ali Index; worldwide: Google Shopping). These indices measured the daily number of searches or purchases and were compared with the numbers of daily COVID-19 cases. The trend comparisons across selected countries were observed from December 1, 2019 (prepandemic baseline) to April 11, 2020 (at least one month after the governments of selected countries took actions for the pandemic).

Results:
We identified missed windows of opportunity for early epidemic control in 12 countries, when public awareness was very low despite the emerging epidemic. China's epidemic and the declaration of a public health emergency of international concern did not prompt a worldwide public reaction to adopt health-protective measures; instead, most countries and regions only responded to the epidemic after their own case counts increased. Rumors and misinformation led to a surge of sales in herbal remedies in China and antimalarial drugs worldwide, and timely clarification of rumors mitigated the rush to purchase unproven remedies.
Conclusions:
Our comparative study highlights the urgent need for international coordination to promote mutual learning about epidemic characteristics and effective control measures as well as to trigger early and timely responses in individual countries.

Early release of official guidelines and timely clarification of rumors led by governments are necessary to guide the public to take rational action.