Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
After 1980 Housing Policies in Turkey: Housing Development Administration (TOKİ) Gecekondu Transformation Cases
2008 •
A huge amount of housing units is created in Turkey in spite of the need of the low-income class during the early urbanization process. However, this stock's presence shows that the housing policy couldn't partly become a social policy. These housing units are low quality in terms of physical environment and it means there is no design policy. Moreover the resource management policy hasn't been developed. Existing housing stock improvement and conversion of housing areas into livable environments have the highest priority. It is clear that working on new sharing types in existing housing stock instead of building more houses will enable more appropriate resource utilization. With this purpose, housing policy will be considered and suggestions will be made to solve the housing problem of low and middle-income groups in this study.
2009 •
Mass-housing production has made a significant impact on the major urban areas in Developing Countries. In the first decade of the millennium, it has usually been the local authorities who have control over the housing market. The role of the official bodies, central or local, in the shrinking housing market of the post-eighties, in the world in general, needs to be discussed. The paper aims to analyze the existing “housing market” in the large urban areas from the perspective of Mass-Housing Authority (MHA). Cases from Turkey will be provided to exemplify the changing role of MHA with a critical approach. More specifically, such a role can be defined as (1) direct intervention into the housing market and (2) indirect intervention into the housing market. The selection among these roles will change the cities both physically and spatially. Physical change involves a sudden increase in the agglomerations of the settlements. The activities of this institution influence the profile of the new housing populations to be added to the city. The public bodies, mainly MHA, are usually supported by such mechanisms as banks, cooperatives and contractors. Housing provision through a mass-housing authority has both advantages and disadvantages. The goal is to transform those advantages into opportunities, and prevent the disadvantages from becoming threats. Housing typology, demand-need for housing, and its level of match with the potential dwellers, along with the quality factor, will be thematically examined in relation to the implementation of MHA in Istanbul. This is expected to serve the readers to understand better the dynamics of the contemporary housing market and how it has changed within an historical perspective regarding the parameters of (a) target groups and other actors, (b) credit strategies, (c) power relations, (d) size and scale of the units and housing settlements. The extreme growth of the cities due to intense and increased scale of building activities leaves no unbuilt area for public preservation in the future. What happens to the development plans of the city? Planned growth of its population? In its peripheries? At its center? What happens to the values of urban land? These are the questions one must ask as the implementation of this institution’s policies shift. The paper will look into these questions as part of the analytical and critical approach, with the ultimate hope that a mass housing authority shall have certain roles and qualities for bettering the lives of all citizens.
International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
The Role of the Public Sector in the Provision of Housing Supply in Turkey, 1950-20092010 •
Housing is the basic element of individual and community welfare beyond being a consumption or speculative investment instrument.The housing problem has economic, cultural, political and social dimensions. The housing problem, which differs according to time and place, also has different results in terms of the development levels of the countries.They should be used as effective tools for residential problems, which have a dynamic structure and economic and demographic bases, as well as housing policies, urbanization policies, and social policies.It is possible to list the causes of the housing problem in Turkey as immigration, population growth, illegal construction, unguided urbanization, inaccuracies and deficiencies in planning and unemployment and income distribution disorders.In particular, neo-liberal policies introduced in the post-1980 period have accelerated the deepening and enlargement of the housing problem.In the study the housing problem and housing policies were explained in a wide frame and the housing problem in Turkey was discussed together with the cityexample of Bolu.
Middle East Technical University Journal of the Faculty of Architecture
Turkish Urban Professionals and the Politics of Housing, 1960-19802006 •
2021 •
Social housing, as an element of the housing policy of every developed country, remains an important, though not fully explored, issue from both theoretical and practical perspectives. No uniform model of the functioning and financing of this part of the real estate sector has been introduced in Poland. In the paper, an attempt will be made to define social housing and to draw a line between the Polish terms of ‛budownictwo społeczne’ and ‛budownictwo socjalne,’ which, according to the author, cannot be treated as synonymous. The legal and institutional framework of the Turkish real estate market will be presented, with an emphasis on the specific characteristics of the Turkish model of social housing.
2017 •
This thesis examines how the housing policy and the housing sector in Turkey have been shaped by the country’s welfare regime through its transformation in the Republican period. The investigation of the Turkish case is undertaken in a comparative historical perspective, where Turkey’s welfare regime is discussed in terms of its similarities with the Southern European one, and this discussion is extended to the common characteristics of the housing policy and the housing sector in Turkey and in four Southern European countries. It is argued that the direction of welfare regime change in Turkey was different from the one observed in South European EU member states, and this difference is reflected in the new trajectory of housing policy.
The Turkish housing regime is undergoing a substantial transformation since the early 2000s with severe consequences for the urban poor in Istanbul, the country’s major agglomeration. Informal housing (gecekondu) has been a widely accepted phenomenon in the past and still makes up 40% of the housing stock in the city (Balaban, 2012). For a long time, it provided affordable housing to the poor and was the answer to a chronic accommodation shortage during rapid urbanization. But with a recent neo-liberal turn in government, these areas are at risk of demolition and replacement by large-scale real-estate investments. This essay argues that social disparities and deprivation are increasing in Istanbul as part of a wider state-led neo-liberal transformation of the housing regime. The essay will contrast the declining and newly emerging housing types to highlight this fundamental shift, before turning to the role of the public sector and neo-liberal policies in fuelling it. To exemplify the effects of this new regime on social inequalities, the essay will then focus on the regeneration of gecekondu areas.
Social housing can be defined as low-cost or cost free sheltering services of central or local administrations for the solution to housing needs of low-income groups (the unemployed, immigrants, refugees, the disabled, the elderly, students, etc.) in the cities and can be referred to different explanations such as communal housing, company towns, council housing, public housing, rental housing and affordable housing in different world practices. In Turkey as a developing country, housing for low-income groups has always been an important issue that must be carefully investigated under the evolving social, economic and demographic changes in the country's urban habitat. The aim of this study is to analyze the social housing issue in Turkey regarding implemented spatial practices. Today houses are accepted not only as spatial containers for daily activities, they are habitable, livable spatial creatures that intend to increase the quality of urban life. Based on the experiences of America and Europe, housing practices in Turkey will be explored by focusing on the challenges of the new century. In the scope of the work, four different periods will be investigated: 1. Pre-Industrial Revolution, 2.The period between the Industrial Revolution and World War II, 3.The period between World War II and the 1972 demolishing of the Pruitt Igoe Social Housing, 4.The Neoliberal period from 1972 until today. It is believed that the research will bring new architectural perspectives, innovative ideas in the future regarding housing needs of low-income groups in Turkey.
Interface: A journal for and about social movements
Dikmen Vadisi Barınma Hakkı Bürosu/Office of Housing Rights in Dikmen Vadisi (Turkey)2017 •
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.
Journal of Visual Culture, Vol 22.1: 64– 92
Counter-Archives as Heritage Justice: Photography, Invisible Labor and Peopled Ruins2023 •
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Implying implausibility and undermining versus accepting peoples' experiences of suicidal ideation and self-harm in Emergency Department psychosocial assessments2023 •
Éditions Safran Publishers
The Ideal King as Athlete. Šulgi, Gilgameš, and the Sumerian Royal Hymn TraditionCity Analysis of Urban Change, Theory, Action
Property-work, work of property: figuring land and caste in an urbanizing frontier2024 •
2018 •
2020 •
Health systems and reform
Explaining the Persistent Dominance of the Greek Medical Profession Across Successive Health Care System Reforms from 1983 to the Present2016 •
2015 •