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2012
The Sun’s orbital motion around the Solar System barycentre contributes a small quadratic component to the gravitational energy of Mercury. The effect of this component has previously gone unnoticed, but it generates a significant part of the observed precession of Mercury’s orbit. Consequently, the residual precession currently attributed to general relativity theory by default (43 arcsec/cy) is too large by 6.6 arcsec/cy. PACS Codes: 96.12.De, 96.30.Dz. 1.
2021 •
Mercury’s motion using numerical methods in the framework of a model including only the non-relativistic Newtonian gravitational interactions of the solar system: 9 planets in translation (including Pluto) around the sun has been studied. Since the true trajectory of Mercury is an open, non-planar curve, we have paid special attention to the exact definition of the advance of Mercury's perihelion. For this purpose, we have introduced the notions of an extended and a geometrical perihelion. In addition, for each orbital period, a mean ellipse was fitted to the trajectory of Mercury. I have shown that the perihelion advance of Mercury deduced from the behavior of the Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector, as well as the extended and geometrical perihelion advance depend on the fitting time interval and for intervals of the order of 1000 years converge to a value of 532.1" per century. The behavior of the perihelia, either extended or geometrical, is strongly impacted by the influence of ...
2020 •
Diffusion Gravity theory has shown in previous works that the constant velocity profiles of galaxies may be a direct result of equipotential “locking” of stars to the zero-potential balance point between the star and its parent galaxy. This hypothesis was incorporated into the Diffusion Gravity model in a previous paper [9] along with the integral mechanism of gravitational attraction to explain those constant velocity profiles that are otherwise attributed to “dark matter”. In this current research report, DG postulates other effects between the Sun-Mercury pair and the Milky Way Galaxy (MWG), and compares them with Mercury precession models from numerous other researchers, some or all of which can account for the precession advance of the perihelion of Mercury. In particular, the acceleration-torque effect of the MWG should also advance precession of the perihelion, thus contributing and adding to the total calculated by mass-ring models to arrive at the measured total precession ...
Astrophysics and space science
Solar quadrupole moment and purely relativistic gravitation contributions to Mercury's perihelion advance2003 •
2021 •
Interplanetary interactions are the largest forces in our Solar System that disturb the planets from their elliptical orbits around the Sun, yet are weak (<10−3 Solar). Currently, these perturbations are computed in pairs using Hill’s model for steady-state, central forces between one circular and one elliptical ring of mass. However, forces between rings are not central. To represent interplanetary interactions, which are transient, time-dependent, and cyclical, we build upon Newton’s model of interacting point-mass pairs, focusing on circular orbits of the eight largest bodies. To probe general and evolutionary behavior, we present analytical and numerical models of the interplanetary forces and torques generated during the planetary interaction cycles. From symmetry, over a planetary interaction cycle, radial forces dominate while tangential forces average to zero. Our calculations show that orbital perturbations require millennia to quantify, but observations are only over ~1...
2005 •
General relativistic effects in astrophyiscal systems have been detected thanks to accurate astrometric measurements. We outline some keystones of astrometry such as stellar aberration (argument development during the years 1727-1872); Mercury's perihelion precession (1845-1916); solar disk oblateness (1966-2001); relativistic light deflection (1916-1919); lunar geodetic precession (1916-1988); Lense-Thirring and Pugh-Schiff precessions (1917-1959), finally presenting the issue of the quest for a guide star for GP-B satellite (1974-2004) as application of all previous topics.
Physical Explanations of Einstein's Gravity
Physical explanations of Einstein's gravity2021 •
Einstein's gravitational field equations from his general theory of relativity have formed the foundations of gravitational studies since their publication. His work is widely acknowledged as an example of a theoretical study that made a great contribution to our understanding of gravity. Einstein's mathematical approach has made the topic complex and open to misinterpretation. This study evaluates the physics upon which his mathematics operates. It shows that mass distorts spacetime by the redshift of photons. It derives two alternative metrics to the Schwarzschild metric. One was derived directly from Einstein's early work on gravity. The other was derived from Einstein's field equations by removing the approximations introduced in the Schwarzschild metric derivation. Both match observation better than the Schwarzschild metric and show why Einstein did not believe in black holes. The metric derived directly from Einstein's early gravitational study, predicts the torus shape shown in the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration image. In showing the physics involved, this study suggests it is easier to understand the complexities of his work.
In this paper we explore a novel approach to try to measure the post-Newtonian 1/c2 Lense-Thirring secular effect induced by the gravitomagnetic field of the Sun on planetary orbital motion. Due to the relative smallness of the solar angular momentum J and the large values of the planetary semimajor axes a, the gravitomagnetic precessions, which affect the nodes $\Omega$ and the perihelia $\omega$ and are proportional to J/a3, are of the order of 10-3 arcsec per century only for, e.g., Mercury. This value lies just at the edge of the present-day observational sensitivity in reconstructing the planetary orbits, although the future mission BepiColombo should allow it to be increased. The major problems come from the main sources of systematic errors. They are the aliasing classical precessions induced by the multipolar expansion of the Sun's gravitational potential and the classical secular N-body precessions which are of the same order of magnitude or much larger than the Lense-Thirring precessions of interest. This definitely rules out the possibility of analyzing only one orbital element of, e.g., Mercury. In order to circumvent these problems, we propose a suitable linear combination of the orbital residuals of the nodes of Mercury, Venus and Mars which is, by construction, independent of such classical secular precessions. A 1-sigma reasonable estimate of the obtainable accuracy yields a 36% error. Since the major role in the proposed combination is played by Mercury's node, it could happen that new, more accurate ephemerides available in the future thanks to the BepiColombo mission will offer an opportunity to improve the present unfavorable situation.
The Astronomical Journal
Precession of Mercury’s Perihelion from Ranging to theMESSENGERSpacecraftThe Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, On Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation and Relativistic Field Theories - Proceedings of the MG10 Meeting
Precessions in Relativity2005 •
2021 •
L. Iorio, Gravitational anomalies in the solar system? International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 24, No. 6, 1530015, 2015
Gravitational anomalies in the solar system?International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series
Relativistic Implications of Solar Astrometry2011 •
International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series
The Gravitomagnetism in the Solar SystemAstrophysics and Space Science
Phenomenology of the Lense-Thirring effect in the solar system2011 •
Physical Review D
Solar system constraints on the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati braneworld theory of gravity2008 •
International Journal of Theoretical Physics
Do Solar System Tests Permit Higher Dimensional General Relativity?2009 •
2012 •
Physics Essays
The precise calculations of the constant terms in the equations of motions of planets and photons of general relativity2021 •
Galaxies
Constraints on Non-Standard Gravitomagnetism by the Anomalous Perihelion Precession of the Planets2014 •
Space Science …
The geophysics of Mercury: Current status and anticipated insights from the MESSENGER mission2007 •
Advances in Space Research
Anomalous post-Newtonian terms and the secular increase of the astronomical unit2013 •
Arxiv preprint gr-qc/9606028
Relativistic gravity theory and related tests with a Mercury Orbiter mission1996 •
Advances in Astrophysics
Calculation of Apsidal Precession via Perturbation TheoryMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Change in general relativistic precession rates due to Lidov–Kozai oscillations in Solar systemMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Weyl conformastatic perihelion advance2014 •