Omid Fakhri

This book tries to cover the most practical aspects of techniques and tools used in the modern laboratory in the field of protein and nucleic acid analysis. It contains % chapters including: SDS-PAGE, Agarose gel electorphoresis, RNA extraction, Plasmid DNA extraction, and Genomic DNA extracion. It can be used in the diagnostic and research labs for a better performance of techniques leading to hybridization procedures as well as characterization of known and unknown genetic sequences by techniques like PCR. Possible applications span such diverse fields as medicine, food technology, and the environmental sciences. This book provides a fast track coverage of the basic principles and methodology of protein and nucleic acid isolation and analysis.

Introduction: It was suggested in numerous studies that the events occurring in preparturition period and the neonatal period is effective on subsequent disorders. Structural lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is a part of gram negative bacterial cell wall, have been accepted as a model for studying bacterial infections and also an immune system stimulant and stressor. As indicated in many studies, silymarin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been reported that the inflammatory conditions like asthma and infections during pregnancy are associated with the decrease in embryonic growth, increase of infection risk in neonates as well as undesirable health problems in adults. When reviewing scientific sources it was concluded that no coherent study was conducted up to now which analyses the protective and anti-inflammatory effects of silymarin on immune system of progeny against LPS and in reducing the degenerative effects of lipopolysaccharide during the embryonic period...

Anticancer properties of artemisinin and its derivatives have been shown in many experiments. Addition of butyric acid, miconazole, and iron to this traditional drug has been done in order to enhance its anticancer potency. Cell lines 5637 and 4T1, were cultivated and classified into 13 groups of three each. Different doses of artemisinin with constant doses of iron, miconazole and butyric acid, were added to the cultures. At the end of exposure pathological and enzymatic studies were performed. In four groups treated with different doses of artemisinin and iron, dose-dependent changes were observed. These changes included apoptosis and necrosis with dominance of apoptosis. The supernatant lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was increased in a dose-dependent manner, but there was no significant increase in the cell fraction of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) or LDH. In four other groups, which received miconazole, butyric acid and iron in addition to different doses of artemisinin, necrosis was more prominent than apoptosis, and the MDA level did not show any significant change, but LDH was increased. The groups treated with miconazole showed identical changes, with less severity compared to combination therapy groups. In butyric acid-treated groups, the only detectable changes were, mild cell swelling, few apoptosis, and rare necrosis. A combination therapy with artemisinin can be more effective against cancer cells than monotherapy with that. Butyric acid was not effective on cancer cells. Miconazole deviated the nature of cell death from apoptosis to necrosis and it must be used under caution.